JP4104265B2 - Garbage disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus that supplies oxygen to stored water in a decomposition tank in which garbage is thrown and decomposes the garbage with aerobic bacteria in the stored water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in this type of garbage treatment, garbage is decomposed in the water stored in the decomposition tank, whereas as a subsequent treatment, the concentrated liquid containing decomposition residues is transferred from the decomposition tank to the secondary treatment tank. There is a method in which a concentrated solution is heated by a heater in a secondary treatment tank to evaporate water, thereby drying and recovering decomposition residues in the liquid (for example, Utility Model Registration No. 301313 (1995)). reference).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the decomposition residue taken out from the decomposition tank often contains undegraded substances that have not yet passed a sufficient treatment time since being put into the decomposition tank, and hardly decomposed substances that are difficult to decompose with aerobic bacteria. When the concentrated liquid taken out from the decomposition tank is heated as described above and the water is simply evaporated, these undecomposed substances and hardly decomposed substances remain in the recovered residue after drying, and a sufficient weight reduction effect and harmlessness. There was a problem that it was not possible to obtain an effect.
[0004]
In particular, if the garbage put into the decomposition tank contains a sterilizing substance, the activity of the aerobic bacteria is impaired due to this sterilizing substance, and the undecomposed substance in the decomposition tank Due to this, the amount and the time of existence become longer, and this causes the amount of undecomposed substances in the recovered residue to increase greatly, which may make the above problem more remarkable.
[0005]
However, the input to the decomposition tank is subjected to a sorting process to exclude hard-to-decompose substances and disinfectant substances in advance, or the garbage input to the decomposition tank is limited in terms of time and taken out from the decomposition tank. Avoiding the inclusion of undecomposed substances in the residue greatly reduces convenience, and there is still room for improvement in this respect.
[0006]
In view of this situation, the main problem of the present invention is to promote the decomposition of garbage with a rational device configuration .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus, and its features are:
In the garbage processing device that supplies oxygen to the stored water in the decomposition tank where the garbage is thrown, and decomposes the garbage with aerobic bacteria in the stored water,
Opening an air inlet for introducing fresh air into the tank space, and an exhaust port for discharging internal air from the tank space, with respect to the tank space on the stored water surface in the decomposition tank,
The water stored in the tank is sucked from a suction port provided in the lower part of the separation tank, and a part of the suction stored water passes from the main circulation path to the water storage surface in the separation tank through the watering branch. Spray,
And the circulation pump which discharges the other part of suction | inhalation stored water from the said main circulation path through the branch for stirring to the stored water in the said separation tank from the discharge outlet for stirring of the lower part of a separation tank is provided.
[0008]
In this invention, a part of the stored water sucked from the suction port at the lower part of the decomposition tank by the circulation pump is sprayed from the water sprinkler to the stored water surface in the tank through the sprinkling branch, and the other part is used for stirring. It is discharged into the stored water in the tank from the stirring outlet at the lower part of the decomposition tank through the branch path, and used for stirring the stored water in the tank including garbage.
[0009]
In other words, in this device, odorous air (air containing gas generated by the decomposition process) is exhausted from the exhaust port opened in the internal space of the decomposition tank to the outside of the tank. While introducing fresh air outside the tank into the tank space of the decomposition tank, in the tank space on the stored water surface, by spreading the supply stored water from the circulation pump onto the stored water surface with a watering tool, With the gas-liquid contact in the scattering process, oxygen is efficiently given to the scattered water from the air in the tank space (air introduced from the air inlet). Oxygen can be efficiently and uniformly supplied to the stored water to promote the decomposition of garbage by aerobic bacteria in the stored water.
[0010]
In addition, while oxygen is supplied to the storage water of the decomposition tank and the garbage is decomposed by aerobic bacteria in the storage water, as a subsequent treatment, the temperature at which carbonization occurs in the heating residue of the decomposition residue taken out from the decomposition tank If it is configured to heat and dry , the heat drying process can make a dry state in which both undecomposed substances and hardly decomposed substances contained in the removed residue are carbonized.
[ 0011 ]
Therefore, higher weight loss and detoxification effects (especially non-bromide effect) can be obtained compared with the above-mentioned conventional method in which undegraded substances and hardly decomposed substances remain in the recovered residue in a dry state in which moisture is simply removed. It is done. In addition, the carbonized carbon dioxide is made of a uniform carbon scrap-like residue by carbonization, and handling of the recovered residue is further simplified.
[ 0012 ]
And because both undegraded and difficult-to-decompose substances can be treated well, the input to the decomposition tank is sorted to exclude difficult-to-decompose substances and bactericidal substances in advance, and it is time to put garbage into the decomposition tank. It is no longer necessary to limit the amount of waste that can be removed from the decomposition tank to avoid the inclusion of undecomposed substances, and the range of types of garbage that can be treated well can be expanded. It is an excellent treatment method in terms of versatility.
[ 0013 ]
Further, to heat decomposition residue taken out from the decomposition tank at a temperature carbonization occurs in the hot air dryer, preferably you heat the decomposed residue to a temperature in the range of 130 ° C. to 170 ° C..
[ 0014 ]
That is, as a result of various experiments, if the decomposition residue taken out from the decomposition tank is heated to a temperature within the range of 130 ° C. to 170 ° C., for example, compared to adopting a method of incinerating the decomposition residue at a higher temperature, The generation of harmful combustion by-product gas is avoided, the impact on the surrounding environment is extremely small, and the cost of heating is low. Along with decomposing substances and hard-to-decompose substances, the carbonization state can be made extremely good in terms of weight reduction, detoxification and handling.
[ 0015 ]
Furthermore, in the garbage treatment equipment that supplies oxygen to the stored water in the decomposition tank and decomposes the garbage with aerobic bacteria in the stored water, the decomposition residue in the tank is parallel to the decomposition treatment in the decomposition tank. When it is configured to be equipped with a sampling means that continuously or intermittently removes a part amount, and a heating dryer that heat-drys the decomposition residue extracted by the sampling means at a temperature at which carbonization occurs , the garbage treatment As a result, it can be carried out in a series of processes, and as described above, it has superior processing performance and ease of management in terms of weight reduction, detoxification, and handling of recovered residues as described above. It becomes a processing device.
[ 0016 ]
Moreover, in order to heat and dry the decomposition residue, a part of the decomposition residue in the tank is taken out continuously or intermittently in parallel with the decomposition process in the decomposition tank. As a nutrient source, it can keep the aerobic bacteria active in the decomposition tank and maintain the state always prepared for garbage input. In this respect, the entire amount of decomposition residue in the decomposition tank can be maintained at once. Compared to the method of taking it out and sending it to the heat dryer, it becomes a more convenient device, and the heat drying device that accepts the decomposition residue is small, which is advantageous in terms of device cost and compactness of the device. become.
[ 0017 ]
Furthermore, by exchanging heat between the decomposition residue taken out from the decomposition tank by the extraction means and sent to the heat dryer and the high-temperature steam-containing gas discharged from the heat dryer in the heat drying treatment, Since the decomposition residue supplied to the heat dryer is preheated by recovering and using heat, the heat efficiency of the heat drying process can be increased, the running cost can be reduced, and the processing apparatus is excellent in terms of energy saving.
[ 0018 ]
In addition, this heat exchange condenses water vapor (water vapor generated by heat drying treatment of decomposition residue) contained in the high-temperature gas discharged from the heat dryer, eliminating the need for additional equipment of the dedicated condenser, and heating The treatment of the generated water vapor accompanying the drying treatment can also be performed.
[ 0019 ]
In addition, the heat exchange chamber for the decomposition residue in the heat exchanger has a structure that can be closed by closing the residue introduction path and the residue discharge path, and the pressure in the sealed heat exchange chamber is reduced. By providing an exhaust pump that heats heat (preheating) by heat exchange with the high-temperature gas discharged from the heat dryer and lowering the pressure by the exhaust pump, it effectively promotes moisture evaporation and heat-drys from the heat exchange chamber. It is possible to effectively reduce the moisture content of the decomposition residue sent to the machine, which makes it possible to reduce the size of the heat dryer, and even with the addition of an exhaust pump, This is further advantageous in terms of running cost and compactness of the apparatus.
[ 0020 ]
Further, the extraction means includes a settling tank for allowing the stored water containing decomposition residue from the decomposition tank, an inflow valve for intermittently flowing the stored water into the settling tank, and a sediment from the upper and lower intermediate portions of the settling tank. It consists of a drainage valve that allows the above-mentioned waste water to flow into the decomposition tank, and a discharge valve that allows the sediment to flow out from the bottom of this settling tank, so that the decomposition residue can be removed from the decomposition tank as follows . Is preferred.
[ 0021 ]
Open the inflow valve with the drain valve and outlet valve closed, and let some amount of decomposition residue in the decomposition tank flow into the sedimentation tank together with the stored water, and then leave it in the closed state for an appropriate time. It is allowed to stand, and the decomposition residue in the stored water is allowed to settle in the settling tank and deposit on the bottom of the tank.
[ 0022 ]
After this sedimentation, the drainage valve is opened, and only the swollen water on the decomposition residue deposited on the bottom of the tank as sediment is discharged from the sedimentation tank and returned to the decomposition tank, and then the outlet valve is opened to open the bottom of the tank. The deposited decomposition residue is discharged from the settling tank, and the decomposition residue is sent to the heat exchange chamber (or directly to the heat dryer).
[ 0023 ]
In other words, by adopting a configuration in which the decomposition residue is allowed to flow out of the decomposition tank together with the stored water, it is possible to smoothly and easily take out the decomposition residue from the decomposition tank, but in the settling tank that operates each valve. By separating and removing the water, it is possible to reduce the processing load of the subsequent heating and drying process, and to reduce the incidental configuration for the heating and drying process including the heating and drying machine. This is further advantageous in terms of compacting the apparatus.
[ 0024 ]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a garbage processing apparatus of a method for decomposing garbage input to the separation tank 1 with aerobic bacteria in the stored water W in the tank. In the upper part of the decomposition tank 1, a tank on the stored water surface is shown. An air introduction port 2 and an exhaust port 3 that open to the inner space S are provided, and a water supply path 5 that supplies a required amount of water W into the tank by opening and closing the water supply valve 4 is connected.
[ 0025 ]
A circulation pump 6 circulates the stored water W in the decomposition tank 1, and a part of the stored water W sucked from the inlet 7 at the lower part of the decomposition tank by the circulation pump 6 is sprinkled from the main circulation path 8. 9 is sprayed from the sprinkler 10 provided on the top of the decomposition tank 1 onto the stored water surface in the tank, and the other part is stored in the tank from the stirring discharge port 12 in the lower part of the decomposition tank through the stirring branch 11. It is discharged to the inside and used for agitation of the stored water W in the tank containing garbage.
[ 0026 ]
In other words, in this apparatus, the odorous air A ′ (air containing the gas generated by the decomposition process) is discharged from the exhaust port 3 opened in the internal space S of the decomposition tank 1 through the exhaust path 14 by the exhaust fan 13. In addition to this, while introducing fresh air A outside the tank from the air inlet 2 to the in-tank space S of the decomposition tank 1, the sprinkler 10 in the in-tank space S on the stored water surface By spreading the supply stored water W from the circulation pump 6 onto the surface of the stored water and splashing it, it is scattered from the air in the tank space S (air A introduced from the air inlet 2) with gas-liquid contact in the scattering process. Oxygen is efficiently given to the water W, and thereby oxygen is efficiently and uniformly supplied to the stored water W in the decomposition tank 1 under the stored water circulation with stirring, so that the aerobic bacteria in the stored water W Promotes the decomposition of food waste.
[ 0027 ]
Although the generated odor is not so strong because it is a decomposition process by aerobic bacteria, the deodorizing process is performed on the air A ′ discharged from the exhaust passage 14 to the outside of the tank by an accompanying deodorizing device.
[ 0028 ]
As shown in FIG. 2, the watering tool 10 discharges the discharged water W by discharging the stored water W supplied from the circulation pump 6 downward from a water discharge port 15 having a large diameter (for example, a diameter of 25 mm or more). By colliding with the upward collision surface of the disk-shaped collision part 16 provided below the water port 15, the discharge water W is spread in the horizontal direction in a miniaturized state and widely spread on the stored water surface of the separation tank 1. The structure is made to scatter, and the discharge port 15 is reliably prevented from being clogged by decomposition process substances and decomposition residues contained in the supply and stored water W from the circulation pump 6 by making the water discharge port 15 have a large diameter. With the above collision, the discharged water W is greatly spread on the stored water surface and scattered well.
[ 0029 ]
In addition, a large number of wall portions a that reflect the splashed water W from the collision portion 16 and a plurality of openings b that allow the splashed water W to pass from the collision portion 16 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction around the collision portion 16 in the horizontal direction. It is surrounded by a water spray cover 17 formed in a comb-like shape, so that the spread of the splashed water W to the outer side is sufficient by the splashed water W passing through each opening b, while the splashed water is not splashed to the inner side. The existence of the existing cavity is prevented by the reflection of the scattered water W by each wall part a, and the uniformity of the water spray on the stored water surface is enhanced.
[ 0030 ]
Furthermore, the water sprinkler 10 is arranged concentrically inside the downward air inlet 2 provided at the top of the decomposition tank 1, and is thereby discharged from the spout 15 of the sprinkler 10 to the collision part 16. The fresh air A introduced from the air inlet 2 is efficiently brought into contact with the water W scattered by the collision of the water under an intensive and attracting action accompanying water discharge.
[ 0031 ]
18 is a heating dryer that recovers the decomposition residue D finally left by the above-described decomposition treatment by heat drying treatment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in parallel with the decomposition treatment in the decomposition tank 1, A part of the circulating stored water W including the decomposition residue D is taken out from the agitation branch 11 to the extraction passage 19 every predetermined time, and the decomposition residue D in the extraction water W is separated into water in the settling tank 20. After the process and the subsequent water evaporation process in the heat exchanger 21, it is sent to the heating dryer 18. Reference numeral 22 denotes a collection container for receiving the processed residue D delivered from the heat dryer 18.
[ 0032 ]
Reference numeral 23 denotes an inflow valve for intermittently storing the inflow of the stored water into the settling tank 20 through the take-out channel 19; 24, a drain valve for discharging the swollen water W on the sediment D from the upper and lower intermediate portions of the settling tank 20, and 25: a settling tank. This is a lead-out valve that allows the sediment D to flow out from the bottom of the tank 20. With this configuration, the water separation process in the sedimentation tank 20 is performed as follows.
[ 0033 ]
The inflow valve 23 is opened with the drain valve 24 and the outlet valve 25 closed, and the decomposition residue D is allowed to flow into the settling tank 20 together with the stored water W through the take-out passage 19, and then the inflow valve 23 is closed for a predetermined time. The decomposition residue D in the stored water W is allowed to settle in the tank of the settling tank 20 and deposited on the tank bottom. After the sedimentation, the drain valve 24 is opened, and only the swollen water W on the decomposition residue D deposited on the bottom of the tank as sediment is caused to flow out of the sedimentation tank 20 through the return water channel 26 and returned to the decomposition tank 20. Then, by opening the outlet valve 25, the sediment decomposition residue D at the bottom of the tank is caused to flow from the settling tank 20 to the heat exchange chamber 21 a of the heat exchanger 21.
[ 0034 ]
In other words, the settling tank 20 and the accompanying valves 23 to 25 take out a part of the decomposition residue D together with the stored water W from the decomposition tank 1, perform the water separation treatment on the removal residue D, and then heat exchanger The extraction means sent to the heat exchange chamber 21a of 21 is comprised.
[ 0035 ]
In addition, 27 is a drainage channel which returns the excess flow rate exceeding the receiving flow rate of the sedimentation tank 20 among the stored water W introduced into the extraction channel 19 with the inflow valve 23 opened, and this drainage channel. 27 to allow an excessive flow of water through the inflow valve 23, so that a large diameter can be selected for the inflow valve 23, and the inflow valve 23 can be used in two positions of being fully closed or fully opened. Thus, clogging of the valve due to the decomposition residue D in the stored water W is prevented.
[ 0036 ]
The heat exchanger 21 heats (preheats) the decomposition residue D, which has been subjected to water separation treatment in the settling tank 20, by exchanging heat with the high-temperature steam-containing gas G discharged from the heating dryer 18. A steam chamber 21b is formed in the peripheral portion of the heat exchange chamber 21a that receives the decomposition residue D from 20, and a gas delivery path 28 from the heating dryer 18 is connected to the steam chamber 21a. 21 c is a heat transfer fin for promoting heat exchange.
[ 0037 ]
Further, in the heat exchange chamber 21a, the outlet valve 25 from the settling tank 20 to the heat exchanger chamber 21a and the outlet valve 29 from the heat exchanger chamber 21a to the heating dryer 18 are closed to seal the heat exchanger chamber 21a. In this state, a suction path 31 is connected from the heat exchange chamber 21a to suck and exhaust the indoor air by an exhaust pump 30 (vacuum pump) to reduce the pressure in the heat exchange chamber 21a. The heat (preheating) by heat exchange with the exhausted hot gas G from the exhaust gas and the pressure reduction by the exhaust pump 30 promote moisture evaporation from the indoor decomposition residue D and send it from the heat exchange chamber 21a to the heating dryer 18 The water content of the decomposition residue D is reduced.
[ 0038 ]
32 is a drain path equipped with a U trap for discharging steam condensed water condensed by heat exchange with the decomposition residue D in the evaporation chamber 21b from the evaporation chamber 21b, and 33 is a high-temperature steam-containing gas G introduced into the evaporation chamber 21b. Of these, an exhaust gas path for discharging non-condensable gas from the evaporation chamber 21 b, and the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas path 33 and the exhaust gas from the heat exchange chamber 21 a by the exhaust pump 30 are sent to the exhaust fan 13 through the combined exhaust gas path 34. Then, the deodorizing device and the exhaust air A ′ from the separation tank 1 are deodorized.
[ 0039 ]
The heating dryer 18 is a process in which the decomposition residue D supplied from the heat exchange chamber 21a of the heat exchanger 21 is moved toward the delivery port 36 while being stirred by the rotation of the plurality of stirring blades 35. In the operation, the decomposition residue D is heated to a temperature in the range of 130 to 170 ° C., and the decomposition residue D is put into the decomposition residue D. Both the undecomposed substance and the hardly decomposable substance contained are carbonized, and thereby, a homogenous and smooth debris is obtained from the delivery port 36 as the treated residue D.
[ 0040 ]
Reference numerals 38 a and 38 b denote weirs for adjusting the movement of the processed material in the heating dryer 18, and reference numeral 39 denotes a drive motor for the stirring blade 35.
[ 0041 ]
In the above processing, the opening / closing operation of the valves 23 to 25 and 29 and the start / stop of the exhaust pump 30 are automatically performed by an accompanying controller (not shown) according to a preset program.
[ 0042 ]
[Another embodiment]
Next, another embodiment will be listed.
[ 0043 ]
As described above, the heating temperature in the heat dryer is generally optimal at 130 to 170 ° C. However, if the decomposition residue is in a temperature range that carbonizes together with undecomposed substances and hardly decomposed substances contained therein, A heating temperature lower or higher than the range of 130 to 170 ° C. may be selected depending on the composition and the composition of the required recovery residue.
[ 0044 ]
In the above-described embodiment, the method of intermittently removing a part of the decomposition residue from the decomposition tank by opening / closing the inflow valve 23 is shown. A method may be employed in which a part of the decomposition residue is continuously taken out and heat-dried, and a part of the decomposition residue in the tank is continuously or intermittently performed in parallel with the decomposition process in the decomposition tank. The specific method and structure of the extraction means to be taken out can be changed in various ways.
[ 0045 ]
The garbage to be treated is not limited to fish and vegetable waste, but may be, for example, fats and oils such as oil bottles and waste oil, and may be other than food waste. As long as the main composition other than the difficult-to-decompose substances to be mixed can be decomposed in water by an aerobic bacterium, any substance can be treated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Overall configuration diagram of the device [Fig. 2] Configuration diagram of the watering tool [Fig. 3] Enlarged configuration diagram of the main part [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Decomposition tank 18 Heating dryer 20,23,24,25 Extraction means 20 Sedimentation tank 21 Heat exchanger 21a Heat exchange chamber 30 Exhaust pump 23 Inflow valve 24 Drain valve 25 Outlet valve D Decomposition residue G Steam-containing gas W Reservoir

Claims (1)

A garbage treatment device that supplies oxygen to the stored water in a decomposition tank in which garbage is thrown and decomposes the garbage with aerobic bacteria in the stored water,
Opening an air inlet for introducing fresh air into the tank space, and an exhaust port for discharging internal air from the tank space, with respect to the tank space on the stored water surface in the decomposition tank,
The water stored in the tank is sucked from a suction port provided in the lower part of the separation tank, and a part of the suction stored water passes from the main circulation path to the water storage surface in the separation tank through the watering branch. Spray,
And the garbage processing apparatus provided with the circulation pump which discharges the other part of suction | inhalation stored water from the main circulation path to the stored water in the said separation tank from the stirring discharge port of the lower part of a separation tank through the stirring branch.

Images