JP4102781B2 - Hot water storage heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump heating type hot water storage type heating device.

Conventionally, in this type, the heat pump heating means circulates and heats the water in the hot water storage tank at midnight to store the amount of hot water needed for hot water supply in the daytime. In some cases, the heated water is directly circulated through a heating heat exchanger in parallel with the hot water storage tank for heating (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2004-28414 A

  However, in this conventional apparatus, the heat pump heating means is always driven in the heating operation, and the high-temperature water in the hot water storage tank cannot be used for heating.

Accordingly, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention can circulate hot water between a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a heat pump heating means for heating the hot water in the hot water storage tank, and the hot water storage tank and the heat pump heating means. A heat pump circulating circuit connected to the heat pump, a heat pump circulating pump provided in the heat pump circulating circuit for circulating hot water, and a heat pump type heating means side of the heat pump circulating circuit provided on the forward side of the heat pump circulating circuit. A circulation switching means for switching between communicating with the bypass pipe side and communicating with the bypass pipe side, and a bypass pipe connected to the heat pump circulation circuit via the circulation switching means and bypassing the forward side and the return side of the heat pump circulation circuit And a heat exchanger for heating for heating the circulating water that is provided in the middle of the bypass pipe and circulates to the heat radiating portion, A heating circulation pump for circulating provided midway bypass tube hot water in the hot water storage tank to the heat exchanger for the heating, provided downstream of the heating circulation pump of the bypass pipe, for the heating of the bypass tube Heating switching means for switching whether the heat exchanger side communicates with the heat-pump circuit side or the other, and an intermediate return pipe communicating with the intermediate position of the hot water storage tank via the one side of the heating switching means with the door, the said heating switching means switches the circulation switching means in the bypass pipe side switched to the bypass pipe side, the straight warm state you drive the heat pump type heating unit and the Hipon circulation pump, the circulation changeover switching the heating switching means with switching means in the bypass pipe side to the intermediate return pipe side, and蓄暖state you drive the circulating pump for the heating, the A ring switching means switches the heating switching means with switching to the hot water storage tank to the Hipon circulation circuit side, which is provided with control means for switching the heat-pump type heating unit and the Hipon circulation pump in the heat storage hot water storage state you drive It was.

  According to the present invention, the hot water heated by the heat pump heating means can be directly used as a heat source for the heating operation, and the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank can also be used for the heating operation.

  In addition, since the flow of hot water that tries to reversely flow through the intermediate return pipe from the hot water storage tank is prevented, the temperature of the hot water circulating to the heat pump heating means is not increased unnecessarily, and the COP (heating of the heat pump heating means) Efficiency) can be prevented.

  Further, since the heating switching means is switched to a position suitable for each operation state, wasteful circulation that does not contribute to each operation state is surely prevented, and the energy utilization rate is increased.

  Hereinafter, preferred examples for carrying out the present invention will be described.

Next, the hot water storage type hot water supply / room heating apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
1 is a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, 2 is a heat pump heating means as a heating means for heating the hot water in the hot water storage tank 1, 3 is a heat pump forward pipe 4 connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1, and the hot water storage tank 1 A heat pump circulation circuit comprising a heat pump return pipe 5 connected to the upper part of the heat pump, 6 is a heat pump circulation pump provided in the heat pump circulation circuit 3 for circulating hot water in the hot water tank 1, and 7 is connected to the lower part of the hot water tank 1. An inlet pipe 8 for supplying water to the hot water storage tank 1 and an outlet pipe 8 for discharging hot water stored in the hot water connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1.

  Reference numeral 9 denotes a bypass pipe connected to the heat-pump circulation circuit 3 so as to bypass the circulation switching means 10, and 11 is provided in the middle of the bypass pipe 9, and a heat radiating portion (not shown) is connected to the secondary side thereof. A heating heat exchanger 12 is an intermediate return pipe connected to an intermediate position of the hot water storage tank 1 on the downstream side of the heating heat exchanger 11 in the middle of the bypass pipe 9, and 13 is an intermediate return pipe of the bypass pipe 9. This is a heating circulation pump provided on the heating heat exchanger side of the pipe 12. The circulation switching means 10 is composed of an electric three-way valve for switching whether the heat pump type heating means 2 side of the heat pump forward pipe 4 communicates with the hot water storage tank 1 side of the heat pump forward pipe 4 or the bypass pipe 9 side. .

  14 is an intermediate hot water pipe connected to an intermediate position of the hot water storage tank 1, 15 is an intermediate mixing valve for mixing hot water from the hot water pipe 8 and hot water from the intermediate hot water pipe 14 so as to have an arbitrary temperature, 16 Is a water supply pipe branched from the water intake pipe 7, and 17 is a hot water supply mixing valve for mixing hot water from the intermediate mixing valve 15 and water supply from the water supply pipe 16 at a hot water supply set temperature.

  Here, the heat pump type heating means 2 includes a compressor 18, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger 19 as a condenser, an electronic expansion valve 20, and a forced air-cooled evaporator 21, and the heat pump type heating means 2 includes Is one in which carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant to constitute a supercritical heat pump cycle.

  22 controls the driving of the circulation switching means 10, controls the driving of the intermediate mixing valve 15 and the hot water supply mixing valve 17, and further controls the components of the heat pump circuit and the driving of the heat pump circulating pump 6. Is a control means for boiling hot water flowing into the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 19 to a desired boiling temperature, and is mainly composed of a pre-programmed microcomputer.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes a backflow prevention means comprising a check valve 24 provided in the middle of the intermediate return pipe 12, and prevents the flow backflowing from the hot water storage tank 1 side.

Here, a hot water storage operation for storing hot water heated by the heat pump heating means 2 in the hot water storage tank 1 will be described.
At the midnight time, the control means 22 starts the hot water storage operation so that it boils up to a predetermined time in the morning within the midnight time zone when the power unit price is low, and the circulation switching means 10 communicates with the heat pump heating means 2 and the hot water storage tank 1. The heat pump circulation pump 6 and the heat pump type heating means 2 are driven and started, and the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 is heated up to the boiling temperature by the heat pump type heating means 2 and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 is turned on. Store hot water so that it is laminated. When the desired amount of heat is stored, the heat pump circulation pump 6 and the heat pump heating means 2 are stopped and the hot water storage operation is terminated.

Next, a hot water supply operation when the user opens the hot water tap to supply hot water will be described.
When the hot water tap is opened, hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 1 from the water inlet pipe 7 and hot water is discharged from the hot water outlet pipe 8 at the same time. At this time, the hot water storage hot water is also discharged from the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 14 by the mixing ratio of the intermediate mixing valve 15 and mixed at a certain temperature by the intermediate mixing valve 15. The hot water from the intermediate mixing valve 15 flows into the hot water supply mixing valve 17 and is mixed with the hot water from the water supply pipe 16 to be supplied from the hot water tap at a desired hot water supply set temperature.

Next, the heating operation will be described.
When the heating request is generated, the control means 22 starts the operation on the secondary side of the heating, and the circulation switching means 10 is communicated with the bypass pipe 9 and the heat pump heating means 2 side of the heat pump circulation circuit 3. Switching, driving and starting the heat pump circulation pump 6 and the heat pump heating means 2, supplying the hot water boiled by the heat pump heating means 2 directly to the heating heat exchanger 11, and exchanging heat with the secondary side The hot water whose temperature has decreased is directly circulated again to the heat pump heating means 2 and heated again for heating. Note that the heating operation in this case is referred to as a direct heating operation.

  At this time, since the check valve 24 is provided in the intermediate return pipe 12, the hot water circulating in the heat pump heating means 2 is prevented by preventing the flow of hot water from the intermediate return pipe 12 from the hot water storage tank 1. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the COP (heating efficiency) of the heat pump heating means 2 from being lowered.

  In the heating operation, when the heat pump heating means 2 is not operating for some reason, the control means 22 drives the heating circulation pump 13 to store the hot water stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1. Is circulated to the heating heat exchanger 11 and returned to the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1 through the intermediate return pipe 12 so that the heating operation using the heat storage of the hot water storage tank 1 can be performed. In addition, the heating operation in this case is called a heat storage operation.

Next, the combined operation in which the heating operation and the hot water supply operation are performed simultaneously will be described.
When a request for hot water supply operation occurs during the heating operation, the control means 22 switches the circulation switching means 10 so that the hot water storage tank 1 and the heat pump heating means 2 are in communication. The hot water heated by the heat pump heating means 2 passes through the heating heat exchanger 11, and the hot water whose temperature has decreased due to heat exchange with the secondary side is returned to the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1 through the intermediate return pipe 12. . The hot water stored in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 and the cold water flowing into the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 from the inlet pipe 7 are circulated to the heat pump heating means 2 through the heat pump forward pipe 4 and heated. On the other hand, the hot water returned to the intermediate part of the hot water storage tank 1 is discharged through the intermediate hot water pipe 14 in an amount corresponding to the mixing ratio of the intermediate mixing valve 15 controlled by the control means 22, and hot water is supplied by the hot water mixing valve 17. Hot water is supplied as a set temperature hot water.

  In this way, during the combined operation of the heating operation and the hot water supply operation, the heat pump heating means 2 heats the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1, so that it is more than the hot water whose temperature has been lowered by the heating heat exchanger 11. The hot water having a low temperature is heated, so that the COP in the heat pump type heating means 2 is improved, and the hot water whose temperature has been lowered in the heating heat exchanger 11 is returned to the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1 through the intermediate return pipe 12. In addition, at least a part of the hot water whose temperature has been reduced by the heating heat exchanger 11 can be immediately used for hot water supply via the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 13, and hot water supply and heating can be performed by effectively utilizing the temperature of the hot water after the heat exchange. As a result, the energy efficiency of the entire device can be improved.

  In the first embodiment, since the heat pump circulation pump 6 is provided on the heat pump type heating means 2 side of the bypass pipe 9 of the heat pump circulation circuit 3, the hot water storage operation and the direct warming operation are performed in one heat pump circulation pump. 6 can be performed. It is also possible to operate the heating circulation pump 13 simultaneously with the heat pump circulation pump 6, and in this case, it is only necessary to operate one output in cooperation with the other output.

  Also, an intermediate mixing valve 14 as mixing means for supplying hot water by arbitrarily mixing water supplied from the water supply pipe 15 branched from the water inlet pipe 7, hot water from the hot water outlet pipe 8, and hot water from the intermediate hot water pipe 13 and Since the hot water supply mixing valve 16 is provided, it is possible to make maximum use of the medium-temperature water generated by the heating operation, and it is possible to supply hot water at a set temperature while suppressing the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank. The mixing means is not limited to the intermediate mixing valve 14 and the hot water supply mixing valve 16. As the intermediate mixing valve 14, a mixing valve whose mixing ratio is automatically adjusted by a wax thermo is used, or the intermediate mixing valve 14 is replaced. Further, a switching valve for selectively opening one of the hot water discharge pipe 8 and the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 13 or a mixing means in which the intermediate mixing valve 14 and the hot water supply mixing valve 16 are driven by one driving means and incorporated in one body may be used. It is.

  Further, since the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 13 is connected to a higher position of the hot water storage tank 1 than the intermediate return pipe 12, hot water returned from the intermediate return pipe 12 into the hot water storage tank 1 flows into the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 by the hot water supply operation. The hot water pushed up by the incoming cold water and returned to the hot water storage tank 1 from the intermediate return pipe 12 is efficiently discharged from the intermediate hot water discharge pipe 13, and the intermediate hot water can be effectively used for hot water supply.

  As a modification of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an opening / closing valve 25 may be provided instead of the check valve 24. In this case, the on-off valve 25 is controlled by the control means 22, and when the back-flow from the intermediate return pipe 12 is desired to be prevented, the on-off valve 25 is closed so that the intermediate return pipe 12 flows back from the hot water storage tank 1. Therefore, the temperature of the hot water circulating to the heat pump type heating means 2 is not increased unnecessarily, and a reduction in COP (heating efficiency) of the heat pump type heating means 2 can be prevented. .

  Next, a hot water storage type hot water supply and heating apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described. In addition, about the same structure as the previous Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a heating switching means 26 as a backflow prevention means 23 for preventing a backflow from the hot water storage tank 1 side is provided at a branch point of the bypass pipe 9 to the intermediate return pipe 12. is there. The heating switching means 26 is composed of an electric three-way valve for switching whether the bypass pipe 9 is connected to the heating heat exchanger 11 side or the intermediate return pipe 12 side. It is controlled by the control means 22. And the backflow from the intermediate return pipe 12 is prevented by switching the heating switching means 26 to the heat-pump circuit 3 side.

Here, a hot water storage operation for storing hot water heated by the heat pump heating means 2 in the hot water storage tank 1 will be described.
At the midnight time, the control means 22 starts the hot water storage operation so that it boils up to a predetermined time in the morning within the midnight time zone when the power unit price is low, and the circulation switching means 10 communicates with the heat pump heating means 2 and the hot water storage tank 1. The heating switching means 26 is switched to the heat pump circulation circuit 3 side, the heat pump circulation pump 6 and the heat pump heating means 2 are driven and activated, and the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 is heated by the heat pump heating means. The hot water is heated up to the boiling temperature by 2 and stored on top of the hot water storage tank 1. At this time, since the intermediate return pipe 12 is closed by the heating switching means 26 and the bypass pipe 9 is closed by the circulation switching means 10, the circulation of hot water other than the heat pump circulation circuit 3 is prevented, and the hot water storage Wasteful circulation that does not contribute to operation is reliably prevented, and energy is not wasted. When the desired amount of heat is stored, the heat pump circulation pump 6 and the heat pump heating means 2 are stopped and the hot water storage operation is terminated.

Next, the direct warming operation will be described.
When the heating request is generated, the control means 22 starts the operation on the secondary side of the heating, and the circulation switching means 10 is communicated with the bypass pipe 9 and the heat pump heating means 2 side of the heat pump circulation circuit 3. In addition to switching, the heating switching means 26 is switched to the heat pump circulation circuit 3 side, the heat pump circulation pump 6 and the heat pump heating means 2 are driven and activated, and the high-temperature water boiled by the heat pump heating means 2 is used as a heat exchanger for heating. The hot water which is directly supplied to 11 and heat-exchanged with the secondary side and lowered in temperature is directly circulated through the heat pump heating means 2 again and heated again to perform heating. At this time, the intermediate return pipe 12 is closed by the heating switching means 26, and the hot water storage tank 1 side of the heat pump circulation circuit 3 is closed by the circulation switching means 10, so that it circulates to the heat pump heating means 2. The temperature of the hot water is not increased unnecessarily by the hot water flowing backward from the intermediate return pipe 12, and a reduction in COP (heating efficiency) of the heat pump heating means can be prevented, and the heat pump heating means 2 and the heater Circulation of hot water other than the circuit that circulates through the heat exchanger 11 is prevented, and wasteful circulation that does not contribute to the direct warming operation is surely prevented, and energy is not wasted.

Next, the heat storage operation will be described.
When a request for performing a heat storage operation is generated, the control means 22 starts an operation on the secondary side of heating, and the circulation switching means 10 is connected to the bypass pipe 9 and the heat pump type heating means 2 side of the heat pump circulation circuit 3. In addition to switching so as to communicate, the heating switching means 26 is switched to the intermediate return pipe 12 side, the heating circulation pump 13 is driven, and the high-temperature water stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 is circulated to the heating heat exchanger 11. Thus, the heating operation using the heat storage of the hot water storage tank 1 can be performed by returning to the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank 1 via the intermediate return pipe 12. At this time, since the downstream side of the heating switching means 26 of the bypass pipe 9 is closed by the heating switching means 26 and the hot water tank 1 side of the heat pump circulation circuit 3 is closed by the circulation switching means 10, the heat pump The circulation of hot water other than the circuit that circulates between the heating means 2 and the heating heat exchanger 11 is prevented, and wasteful circulation that does not contribute to the heat storage operation is surely prevented, and energy is not wasted.

  By providing the heating switching means 26 in this way, it becomes possible to control the flow direction of the hot water with certainty, and when flowing directly from the heat pump return pipe 5 into the hot water storage tank 1 during the direct warming operation, the intermediate return pipe 12 flows backward. The flow of the high temperature water which is going to circulate through the heat pump type heating means 2 is inhibited, the useless temperature rise of the hot water flowing into the heat pump type heating means 2 is prevented, and the COP of the heat pump type heating means during the heating operation is reduced. In addition to being able to suppress, since the heating switching means is switched to a position suitable for each operation state, wasteful circulation that does not contribute to each operation state is surely prevented, and the energy utilization rate is increased.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to above-mentioned Example 1 and Example 2, In the range which does not change the summary of this invention, various deformation | transformation are possible, This is not prevented. For example, the heating circulation pump 13 may be provided on the upstream side of the heating heat exchanger 11 in the bypass pipe 9.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The schematic block diagram of the modification of the Example 1. FIG. The schematic block diagram of Example 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot water storage tank 2 Heat pump type heating means 3 Heaton circulation circuit 6 Heaton circulation pump 9 Bypass pipe 10 Circulation switching means 11 Heating exchanger 12 Intermediate return pipe 13 Heating circulation pump 22 Control means 23 Backflow prevention means 24 Check valve 25 On-off valve 26 Heating switching means

Claims (1)

A hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a heat pump heating means for heating the hot water in the hot water storage tank, a heat pump circulation circuit for connecting the hot water storage tank and the heat pump heating means so that hot water can circulate, and the heat pump circulation circuit A heat pump circulating pump for circulating hot water and a heat pump circulating heating circuit side of the heat pump circulating circuit that communicates with the hot water storage tank side or the bypass pipe side. A circulation switching means for switching between them, a bypass pipe connected to the heat pump circulation circuit via the circulation switching means and bypassing the forward side and the return side of the heat pump circulation circuit, and provided in the middle of the bypass pipe to the heat dissipation section A heat exchanger for heating for heating the circulating water circulating in the hot water storage tank provided in the middle of the bypass pipe A heating circulation pump for circulating the hot water in the heat exchanger for the heating, provided downstream of the heating circulation pump of the bypass pipe, the heating heat exchanger side of the bypass pipe to said Hipon circulation circuit side Heating switching means for switching between communication and communication with the other , and an intermediate return pipe communicating with the intermediate position of the hot water storage tank via the one side of the heating switching means , the circulation switching means being bypassed the heating with switching the heating switching means with switching on the tube side in the bypass pipe side, the straight warm state you drive the heat pump type heating unit and the Hipon circulation pump switches the circulation switching means in the bypass pipe side switching the switching means to said intermediate return pipe side, and蓄暖state you drive the circulating pump for the heating, switching the circulation switching unit to the hot water storage tank Both switches the heating switching means to said Hipon circulation circuit side, the Hipon circulation pump and hot water storage type heating apparatus, characterized in that the provided control means for switching on the heat storage hot water storage state you drive the heat pump type heating unit.

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