JP4099084B2 - Cogeneration system and method for detecting leakage / aeration - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cogeneration system that operates a gas engine generator or a fuel cell generator using city gas, LP gas, etc., generates electricity, and uses heat generated as a by-product for heating hot water of a hot water storage type, and the Regarding co-generation system leakage / aeration detection methods, especially cogeneration that can prevent sewage such as heating heat transfer water and engine cooling water from flowing into the fresh water circuit when water is shut down, and prevent health damage. The present invention relates to a system and a method for detecting water leakage / aeration.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional cogeneration system.
In FIG. 5, 110 is a circulation path, 110a is a laminated heat exchanger that is disposed in the circulation path 110 and overheats water (heat medium) that is passed through the floor heating panel 110c, and 110b is a heat exchanger 110a. A floor heating circuit for circulating a heat medium between floor heating panels 110c, 111 a hot water storage tank in which temperature stratification is formed, 111a a hot water supply port for supplying hot water, 112 a circulation pump for circulating hot water, and 113 a circulation pump The upper three-way valve 114 for sending the discharged hot water from 112 to one of the hot water storage tanks 111 via one pipe, or 114 for sending the water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 111 to the circulation path 110 A bottom three-way valve that forms a circulation path together with the upper three-way valve 113, 115 is a heat exchanger for exchanging heat (condensation heat) of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, and 116 is a gas engine 120 described later. A heat exchanger for exchanging exhaust heat, 117 is an auxiliary heat source unit for heating hot water in the circulation path 110, 118 is an indoor unit for an air conditioner, 119 is an outdoor unit incorporating a gas engine 120, a compressor described later, and 121 is a gas A compressor driven by the engine 120.
[0003]
The operation of the cogeneration system configured as described above will be described.
When hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 111 is stored, the bottom three-way valve 114 takes out water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 111 into the circulation path 110, and the circulation path 110 while heating the water by the heating units 115 to 117. The heated hot water is returned to the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 111 by the upper three-way valve 113 to form a temperature stratification and hot water is stored. Moreover, in the heat exchanger 110a, the heat medium supplied to the floor heating panel 110c is heated by supplying the heat of hot water circulating in the circulation path 110 to the heat medium circulating in the floor heating circulation path 110b. Can do.
[0004]
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a stacked heat exchanger as an example of the heat exchanger 110a.
In FIG. 6, 110a is a heat exchanger, 122 is a heat supply side of the heat exchanger 110a, that is, a water flow path on the circulation path 110 side, and 123 is a heat reception side of the heat exchanger 110a, that is, a flow path on the floor heating circulation path 110b side. A water channel 124 is a partition wall that separates the water channel 122 and the water channel 123.
In the stacked heat exchanger 110 a, a water passage 122 on the circulation path 110 side and a water passage 123 on the floor heating circulation path 110 b side are disposed across a partition wall 124, and heat is passed between the water passage 122 and the water passage 123. We are exchanging. An infinite number of such water passages 122 and water passages 123 are formed in the heat exchanger 110a, and the heat exchange efficiency is increased by increasing the surface area of the partition wall 124.
[0005]
In addition, the applicant of the present invention is a cogeneration system that uses city gas, LP gas, etc. to operate gas engine generators and fuel cell generators to generate electricity and use the heat generated as a by-product for heating hot water in hot water storage. (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-207740). This cogeneration system is a water or heat medium that is disposed in a heat supply side water circulation path or a heat reception side water circulation path that receives heat through a heat exchanger and circulates in the supply side water circulation path or the reception side water circulation path. A water tank for temporarily storing the water level and a water level electrode for detecting the water level of the water tank, and when the partition wall of the heat exchanger is damaged, the water or the heat medium flowing through one circulation path Since the water level in the circulation path increases and the water level in the water tank installed in the circulation path rises, it is detected by the water level electrode to detect damage to the heat exchanger partition wall. Is something that can be done.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional cogeneration system has the following problems.
(1) When the partition wall 124 of the heat exchanger 110a is damaged, there is a problem that it is impossible to detect that the heat medium flowing through the water passage 122 flows into the water passage 123 side.
(2) When the partition wall 124 of the heat exchanger 110a is broken and water breakage occurs on the water supply side, the heat medium flowing through the water passage 123 flows back into the water passage 122 and enters the circulation passage 110. For example, when the user drinks the hot water in the hot water storage tank 111, the health damage may occur and the safety is lacking.
(3) In the cogeneration system filed by the present applicant, when a heater such as a floor heating panel connected to the heat receiving side water circulation path is installed in a high place such as under the floor on the second floor of the building, At the time of stoppage, the pressure in the piping of the floor heating panel becomes negative pressure, and the air level permeates and enters the piping itself from the minute leak location of the connection part, so that the water level of the heat medium in the water tank rises. There was a problem that the water level electrode erroneously detected that the heat exchanger leaked.
[0006]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problem, and when the partition wall of the heat exchanger is damaged, water leakage occurs and water breakage occurs on the water supply side, the sewage in the receiving side water circulation path enters the supply side water circulation path. Even if the heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed in a high place, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of health damage due to drinking by notifying the user that it has flowed in and to be excellent in safety. An object of the present invention is to provide a cogeneration system excellent in detection accuracy that does not erroneously detect a rise in the water level in a heating water tank as water leakage, and a method for detecting water leakage and air contamination.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the cogeneration system of the present invention has the following configuration.
[0008]
The cogeneration system according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a supply-side water circulation path through which water heated by exhaust heat from an exhaust heat device such as an engine generator or an auxiliary heat source circulates, and a heater such as floor heating. At least one heat that exchanges heat between a receiving-side water circulation path through which a heat medium made of water or the like circulates, heated water that circulates through the supply-side water circulation path, and a heating medium that circulates through the receiving-side water circulation path A heat exchanger that is capable of heating the heat medium by supplying heat from the water circulating in the supply-side water circulation path to the heat medium circulating in the receiving-side water circulation path by the heat exchanger. A heating system that is a generation system and that controls the whole, a timer that measures time, and heating water in which the heat medium that is disposed in the receiving-side water circulation path and circulates in the receiving-side water circulation path is temporarily stored A tank and the heating water tank A water level detection unit that detects a water level of the heat medium stored in the tank, and the control device activates the timer when the water level detection unit detects that the water level of the heat medium has reached a predetermined water level. Measuring the time until the water level reaches a warning water level higher than the predetermined water level, and if the measured time is within a preset predetermined time, water leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger Is detected or a large amount of air is mixed into the receiving side water circulation path from a defective portion of the heater or piping.
[0009]
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) If the heat exchanger partition breaks and the water flowing through the supply-side water circuit enters the receiving-side water circuit, or if air is mixed in from a poorly joined location in the piping or connection of the heater, the receiving side Since the amount of water in the water circulation path increases and the water level in the heating water tank rises from the preset predetermined water level to the warning water level, the rise in the water level is detected by the water level detection means. It is possible to detect water leakage or air contamination from the heater or piping to the receiving side water circulation path.
(2) When the heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, the inside of the heater pipe becomes negative pressure when the pump is stopped, and the joints and joints are relatively small in the joints Or a small amount of air mixed into the pipe itself and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise of the water level gradually rises over a long period of time, the timer is activated when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches the predetermined water level until the water level of the heating medium reaches the warning water level from the predetermined water level. If the time measured by the timer is within a predetermined time set in advance, water leakage due to breakage of the heat exchanger partition or a relatively large joint in the heater piping By detecting that there is a defective part and a large amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path, a small amount of air is mixed in from the relatively small joint defective part of the connection part or through the pipe itself. The rise in the water level in the heating water tank due to this is not erroneously detected as leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger, and the detection accuracy is excellent.
[0010]
Here, as the water level detection unit, a heating warning water level electrode for detecting a warning water level, a heating high water level electrode for detecting a predetermined water level, and a reference electrode are provided in the heating water tank, and the reference electrode and each water level electrode are provided. A device that determines the water level based on whether or not a low voltage is applied between them and a device that determines the water level with a float switch can be used.
Moreover, as a defective part of a heater or piping, a poor joint part etc. are mentioned.
[0011]
The cogeneration system according to a second aspect of the present invention is the cogeneration system according to the first aspect, wherein the control device, when the time measured by the timer exceeds a predetermined time set in advance, It has the structure which detects that a trace amount of air is mixed in the said receiving side water circulation path from the defective part of a machine or piping, or permeate | transmitting the piping of the said heater.
[0012]
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) When a heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, when the pump is stopped, the inside of the pipe of the heater becomes negative pressure, and the joint and the connection part with relatively small degree of the pipe and connection part Or through the pipe itself, a very small amount of air is mixed into the receiving-side water circulation path, and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise in the water level gradually increases over a long period of time, if the time measured by the timer exceeds a predetermined time set in advance, a relatively small joint failure in the pipe connection of the heater By detecting that a small amount of air is mixed in from the location or through the piping of the heater, the water circulation path on the receiving side passes from the relatively small joint failure location of the piping of the heating device or through the piping itself. It is possible to accurately detect that a very small amount of air is mixed in, and the detection accuracy is excellent.
[0013]
A cogeneration system according to a third aspect of the present invention is the cogeneration system according to the first or second aspect, wherein the water breakage occurs when a water break occurs in a water supply connected to a water supply port that supplies water to the supply-side water circulation path. A pressure switch for detecting a drop in pressure is provided, and the control device has a configuration that issues an alarm and stops all functions or specific functions of the system when a drop in water pressure is detected by the pressure switch. .
[0014]
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) When the water supply of the water supply connected to the water supply port of the supply-side water circulation path occurs, the water pressure applied to the supply-side water circulation path disappears, so the pressure of the supply-side water circulation path decreases. The control device detects that the partition wall of the heat exchanger has been damaged by the water level detection unit, and detects a drop in water pressure in the supply-side water circulation path using a pressure switch disposed in the supply-side circulation path, thereby generating water breakage. By detecting this, it was detected that water breakage occurred while the partition of the heat exchanger was damaged, and the heat medium flowing through the receiving side water circulation path from the damaged part of the partition wall of the heat exchanger was mixed into the supply side water circulation path By detecting this and stopping all or specific functions of the system, the user can be prevented from accidentally drinking the heat medium that is sewage, and health damage can be prevented.
[0015]
Here, all the functions of the system are all functions including hot water supply operation, hot water filling operation, bath reheating operation, heating operation, engine generator operation, etc. The specific function is any of these functions Or more than one function. In addition, when the heat medium flowing through the receiving side water circulation path from the damaged part of the partition wall of the heat exchanger enters the supply side water circulation path, it is necessary to stop at least the hot water supply operation in which the water in the supply side water circulation path is supplied to the user. There is.
[0016]
The cogeneration system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the cogeneration system according to the third aspect, wherein the control device causes the fresh water to flow through the supply side water circulation path and cleans the inside of the pipe. It has a configuration for canceling the suspension of all the functions of the system or a specific function.
[0017]
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the third aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since clean water is passed through the supply-side water circulation path and the inside of the pipe is washed, the alarm is released and all functions or specific functions of the system are released, so the heat exchanger partition breaks and water leaks. Even if there is a water outage on the water supply side and the sewage in the receiving water circulation flowed into the supply water circulation passage, it can only be used after recovering from the water loss and cleaning the inside of the pipe. Occurrence can be prevented and safety is excellent.
[0018]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting leakage / aeration in a cogeneration system, wherein heat is received from an exhaust heat device such as an engine generator circulating in a supply-side water circulation path or water heated by an auxiliary heat source. A method for detecting leakage / mixture of water in a cogeneration system that exchanges heat with a heating medium such as water of a heater such as a floor heater that circulates in a side water circulation path, which is disposed in the heat receiving side water circulation path A predetermined water level detecting step for detecting, by a water level detection unit, that the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank in which the circulating heat medium is temporarily stored reaches a predetermined water level, and the heating medium in the heating water tank A measurement start step that activates a timer when the water level of the heating medium reaches a predetermined water level, and detects that the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank has reached a warning water level higher than the predetermined water level. A notification water level detection step, and a time measured by the timer from when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches the predetermined water level until reaching the warning water level, and the measurement time is preset. A water leakage determination step for determining whether or not it is within a predetermined time, and when the measurement time is determined to be within a predetermined time set in advance in the water leakage determination step, due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger It has a configuration for detecting that water leakage has occurred or that a large amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path from a defective portion of the heater or piping.
[0019]
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) When the partition wall of the heat exchanger breaks and the water flowing through the supply-side water circulation path enters the reception-side water circulation path, or air enters the receiving-side water circulation path from the piping or connection part of the connection part of the heater, etc. In this case, since the amount of water in the receiving-side water circulation path increases and the water level of the heating water tank rises from the predetermined water level set in advance to the warning water level, after detecting the predetermined water level in the predetermined water level detection step, in the warning water level detection step By detecting the warning water level and detecting the rise in the water level, it is possible to detect water leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger or air mixing from the heater or piping to the receiving-side water circulation path.
(2) When the heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, the inside of the heater pipe becomes negative pressure when the pump is stopped, and the joints and joints are relatively small in the joints Or a small amount of air mixed into the pipe itself and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise in the water level gradually increases over a long period of time, the timer is activated when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches the predetermined water level in the measurement start step, and the water level of the heating medium is changed from the predetermined water level to the warning water level. When the time measured by the timer in the water leakage determination step is determined to be within a predetermined time set in advance, water leakage due to breakage of the heat exchanger partition or heating is performed. By detecting that there is a relatively large joint failure point in the piping of the machine and that a large amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path, or from the relatively small joint failure point of the connection part or the pipe The rise in the water level in the heating water tank due to permeation through itself and mixing in a small amount of air is not erroneously detected as water leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger, and the detection accuracy is excellent.
[0020]
Here, in the predetermined water level detection step, the water level detection unit detects that the water level of the heat medium in the heating water tank has reached the predetermined water level. As the water level detection unit, a heating warning water level electrode for detecting a warning water level, a heating high water level electrode for detecting a predetermined water level, and a reference electrode are provided in the heating water tank, and between the reference electrode and each water level electrode. A device that determines the water level based on whether a low voltage is applied and energized, a device that determines the water level with a float switch, and the like are used.
In the warning water level detection step, the above-described water level detection unit detects that the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank has reached a warning water level higher than a predetermined water level.
In the water leakage determination step, the time from when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches the predetermined water level detected at the predetermined water level detection step to when it reaches the warning water level detected at the warning water level detection step is determined in advance. It is determined whether or not it is within the set predetermined time, and water leakage or the like is detected based on this. Here, as the predetermined time set in advance, it is possible to determine whether it has risen in a short time due to water leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger as described above or has gradually risen over a long time. Is used.
[0021]
The water leakage / aeration detection method for a cogeneration system according to claim 6 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 5, determines that the measurement time exceeds a predetermined time set in advance in the water leakage determination step. In this case, it is configured to detect that a small amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path through the defective part of the heater or the pipe or through the pipe of the heater.
[0022]
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the fifth aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) When a heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, when the pump is stopped, the inside of the pipe of the heater becomes negative pressure, and the joint and the connection part with relatively small degree of the pipe and connection part Or through the pipe itself, a very small amount of air is mixed into the receiving-side water circulation path, and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise in the water level gradually rises over a long period of time, if it is determined that the time measured by the timer in the water leakage determination step exceeds a predetermined time set in advance, a comparison of the pipe connections of the heater is performed. By detecting that a small amount of air is mixed in from a poorly welded spot or through a pipe of the heater, the pipe is permeated from a relatively poorly welded spot of the heater pipe or from the pipe itself. Thus, it is possible to accurately detect that a small amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path, and the detection accuracy is excellent.
[0023]
The water leakage / aeration detection method for a cogeneration system according to claim 7 of the present invention is the invention according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the water cut-off connected to the water supply port supplying water to the supply side water circulation path is It has the structure which comprises the water stop detection step which detects that it generate | occur | produced, and when all the water stop generation | occurrence | production is detected in the said water stop detection step, it issues a warning and stops all the functions of a system or a specific function.
[0024]
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the fifth or sixth aspect, the following operation is provided. (1) While detecting that the partition wall of the heat exchanger is broken, and detecting the occurrence of water breakage in the water break detection step, it is detected that water breakage has occurred while the partition wall of the heat exchanger is broken. By detecting that the heat medium flowing through the receiving-side water circulation path has entered the supply-side water circulation path from the damaged part of the partition wall of the exchanger, and stopping all functions or specific functions of the system, the heat that is generated by the user as sewage It is possible to prevent health hazards from occurring without accidentally drinking the medium.
[0025]
Here, in the water cutoff detection step, the occurrence of water cutoff is detected by detecting a decrease in the water pressure in the supply side water circulation path using a pressure switch or the like disposed in the supply side water circulation path.
[0026]
The water leakage / air mixing detection method for a cogeneration system according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the method according to the seventh aspect, wherein after the fresh water is passed through the supply side water circulation path and the inside of the pipe is washed, It has a configuration for canceling and canceling all functions of the system or stopping a specific function.
[0027]
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the seventh aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) After clear water is passed through the supply-side water circuit and the inside of the pipe is washed, the alarm is released and all functions of the system or specific functions are released. Even if there is a water outage on the water supply side and the sewage in the receiving water circulation flowed into the supply water circulation passage, it can only be used after recovering from the water loss and cleaning the inside of the pipe. Occurrence can be prevented and safety is excellent.
[0028]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a main configuration diagram showing a cogeneration system and a connected floor heating panel according to the first embodiment.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a cogeneration system according to the first embodiment, 2 is a control device for controlling the whole, 2a is a timer built in the control device 2, 3 is a supply-side water circulation path, 3a is a supply-side water circulation path 3 The pressure switch 4 is provided with a heat exchange path 4 for heat exchange between the water circulating in the receiving side water circulating path 3 and the heat medium such as water circulating in the receiving side water circulating path 4. , 6 is a heating water tank disposed in the receiving-side water circulation path 4, 6 a is an overflow port which is an open part of the heating water tank 6, 7 is a water level detection unit disposed in the heating water tank 6, and 8 is a reference Electrode, 9 is a heating low water level electrode, 10 is a heating high water level electrode, 11 is a heating warning water level electrode, 12 is a heating supply water pipe for supplying water to the heating water tank 6, and 13 is provided in the heating supply water pipe 12. Heating replenishment water valve, 14 is the receiving side water circulation path 4 An installed heating pump, 15 is a floor heating panel laid on the lower part of the floor B on the second floor of the building A, 16 is a heat radiating pipe of the floor heating panel 15, and includes a copper pipe, a crosslinked polyethylene pipe, a polybutene pipe, and the like. Preferably used. 17a and 17b are connecting pipes connecting the floor heating panel 15 and the cogeneration system 1, 18a and 18b are connecting parts connecting the connecting pipes 17a and 17b and the heat radiating pipe 16 of the floor heating panel 15, and 19a and 19b are connecting pipes 17a. , 17b and the receiving side water circulation path 4 in the cogeneration system 1 are connected to each other.
A heat exchanger for exhaust heat (not shown) to which the exhaust heat from an exhaust heat device such as a hot water storage tank (not shown), an auxiliary heat source machine (not shown), an engine generator, etc. is supplied to the supply side water circulation path 3. Is arranged, and the water passed through the supply-side water circulation path 3 is heated by the auxiliary heat source device or the exhaust heat exchanger. The heated water supplies heat to the heat medium flowing through the receiving-side water circulation path 4 in the heat exchanger 5, or is appropriately stored in a hot water storage tank when the heater is not used. In addition, the supply side water circulation path 3 is provided with a water supply port (not shown) and a hot water supply port (not shown) so that heated water and stored hot water can be appropriately supplied from the hot water supply port. The water reduced by the hot water supply is replenished from the water supply port.
The receiving-side water circulation path 4 forms a circulation path through which the heat medium circulates together with the connection pipe 17 and the heat radiation pipe 16 of the floor heating panel 15. The heat medium is discharged from the heating pump 14, passes through the connecting pipe 19a, the connecting pipe 18a, the heat radiating pipe 16, the connecting pipe 18b, and the connecting pipe 17b from the connecting section 19a and enters the receiving-side water circulation path 4 from the connecting section 19b. 5. Return to the heating pump 14 through the heating water tank 6.
The water level detection unit 7 includes a reference electrode 8, a heating low water level electrode 9, a heating high water level electrode 10, and a heating warning water level electrode 11, and the heating low water level electrode 9, the heating high water level electrode 10, and the heating warning water level electrode 11 are respectively provided. The heating water tank 6 extends downward from the inner upper wall surface, and is formed to have a predetermined length such that the tip is positioned at a predetermined low water level, a predetermined high water level, and a warning water level. Thereby, a water level can be judged by applying a low voltage between the reference electrode 8 and each water level electrode, and energizing.
Further, when the control device 2 detects that the water level has fallen below the predetermined low water level by the heating low water level electrode 9, the heating replenishing water valve 13 is opened and the replenishing water is supplied from the water supply port to the heating water tank 6 through the heating replenishing water pipe 12. When the water level reaches a predetermined high water level, it is detected by the heating high water level electrode 10 and the heating replenishing water valve 13 is closed to automatically replenish water. In addition, when the control apparatus 2 opens the heating replenishment water valve 13 and replenishes water, it memorize | stores in the memory | storage device (not shown) in the control apparatus 2 with the time when it was performed.
[0029]
The operation of the cogeneration system 1 configured as described above and the floor heating panel 15 connected to the cogeneration system 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an automatic water replenishment operation to the heating water tank, FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a water leakage / air mixture detection operation of the cogeneration system, and FIG. 4A is a water replenishment to the heating water tank. It is explanatory drawing which shows the water level at the time of starting, FIG.4 (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the preset predetermined water level (predetermined high water level) of a heating water tank, FIG.4 (c) is a warning of a heating water tank It is explanatory drawing which shows a water level.
In FIG. 4, 4 is a receiving side water circulation path, 6 is a heating water tank, 6a is an overflow port, 7 is a water level detector, 8 is a reference electrode, 9 is a heating low water level electrode, 10 is a heating high water level electrode, and 11 is heating. The warning water level electrode 12 is a heating replenishment water pipe, and these are the same as those described with reference to FIG.
[0030]
First, the automatic water replenishment operation of the heating water tank 6 will be described.
In FIG. 2, when the power is turned on, the control device 2 determines whether or not the heating low water level electrode 9 is off, that is, there is no energization (S1). When it is determined that the heating low water level electrode 9 is off, the water level in the heating water tank 6 is lowered to a predetermined low water level or lower as shown in FIG. When it is determined that the heating low water level electrode 9 is off, the heating replenishment water valve 13 is opened, and replenishment of water from the heating replenishment water pipe 12 to the heating water tank 6 is started (S2). In addition, when it determines with the heating low water level electrode 9 not being off, the control apparatus 2 waits until it determines with the heating low water level electrode 9 being off.
When the heating replenishment water valve 13 is opened in step S2 and the replenishment of water to the heating water tank 6 is started, the control device 2 determines whether or not the heating high water level electrode 10 is turned on, that is, whether or not it is energized. (S3). When it is determined that the heating high water level electrode 10 is on, the water level in the heating water tank 6 has reached a predetermined water level (predetermined high water level) as shown in FIG. When it is determined that the heating high water level electrode 10 is on, the control device 2 closes the heating replenishing water valve 13 (S4), stops replenishing water to the heating water tank 6, and ends the replenishing operation to the heating water tank 6. If it is determined in step S3 that the heating high water level electrode 10 is not on, the control device 2 stands by until it is determined that the heating high water level electrode 10 is on.
[0031]
Next, the water leakage / air mixing detection operation of the cogeneration system 1 will be described.
In FIG. 3, the control device 2 determines whether or not the heating high water level electrode 10 is turned on from off, that is, whether it is energized from a non-energized state (step S12, predetermined water level detection step). When it is determined that the heating high water level electrode 10 has been turned on from off, the water level in the heating water tank 6 has reached a predetermined water level (predetermined high water level) as shown in FIG. If it determines with the heating high water level electrode 10 having been turned on from OFF, the timer 2a will be operated and time measurement will be started (S13, measurement start step). 3 and the automatic water supply operation to the heating water tank 6 shown in FIG. 2 are performed independently and in parallel. Therefore, when the control device 2 determines in step S3 in FIG. 2 that the heating high water level electrode 10 is on, it determines that the heating high water level electrode 10 has been turned on from off in step S12 in FIG. Therefore, water leakage / aeration detection operation is performed.
[0032]
Here, if the partition wall separating the supply side water circulation path 3 and the reception side water circulation path 4 in the heat exchanger 5 is damaged, the water pressure connected to the water supply port (not shown) if the heating pump 14 is stopped. As a result, the supply-side water circulation path 3 has a higher pressure, so that water flowing in the supply-side water circulation path 3 enters the receiving-side water circulation path 4 from the damaged portion of the partition wall. When water enters the receiving side water circulation path 4 from the supply side water circulation path 3, the water level of the heat medium stored in the heating water tank 6 rises. On the other hand, as in the first embodiment, the floor heating panel 15 connected to the cogeneration system 1 is laid on the floor B of the second floor of the building A, and a cross-linked polyethylene pipe is used for the heat radiating pipe 16 of the floor heating panel 15. In this case, since air passes through the heat radiating pipe 16 of the floor heating panel 15, the level of the heat medium stored in the heating water tank 6 rises when heating is stopped, that is, when the heating pump 14 is stopped. In order to discriminate the rise in the water level of the heating water tank 6 due to these different factors, the control device 2 is required until the water level in the heating water tank 6 reaches the warning water level after reaching the predetermined water level (predetermined high water level). The time is measured by the timer 2a.
When the timer 2a is activated in step S13, the control device 2 determines whether or not the heating warning water level electrode 11 is turned on, that is, whether or not it is energized (S14, warning water level detection step). When it is determined that the heating warning water level electrode 11 is ON, the water level in the heating water tank 6 has reached a predetermined water level (warning water level) as shown in FIG. When it is determined that the heating warning water level electrode 11 is not on, that is, is not energized, the process returns to step S12. In this case, since the water level of the heating water tank 6 has already exceeded the predetermined water level (predetermined high water level), it is not determined in step S12 that the heating high water level electrode 10 has been turned on from off, and the timer 2a is activated. Without proceeding to step S14. If it is determined in step S14 that the heating warning water level electrode 11 is on, that is, energized, it is determined whether or not the measurement time of the timer 2a until the determination is within 30 minutes (S15, water leakage determination step). In the first embodiment, the internal counter of the timer 2a is set to “30” when the timer 2a is activated in step S13, and thereafter, the internal counter value is decremented by “1” by 1 until it becomes “0” every minute. ing. In step S15, the control device 2 determines whether or not the internal counter value of the timer 2a is not "0", so that the warning water level is reached after reaching the measurement time of the timer 2a, that is, the predetermined water level (predetermined high water level). It is determined whether or not the time to reach is within 30 minutes. Note that the predetermined time of 30 minutes, which is the reference for this determination, is not limited to this, and is appropriately set according to the form of the cogeneration system 1 and the floor heating panel 15 and the like.
When it is determined that the measurement time of the timer 2a is within 30 minutes, the partition wall of the heat exchanger 5 is damaged and water leakage occurs, so that water in the supply side water circulation path 3 is mixed into the receiving side water circulation path 4 side. And a warning is issued by displaying the fact on a display unit such as a remote controller connected to the control device 2 (S17). When it is determined in step S15 that the measurement time of the timer 2a is within 30 minutes, there is a relatively large joint failure point in the heat radiation pipe 16 or the connection portion 18a, 18b of the floor heating panel 15, and the receipt is received from there. Since there is a possibility that a large amount of air is mixed in the side water circulation path 4, it may be detected in step S16.
[0033]
Here, normally, even if the partition inside the heat exchanger 5 is damaged, since the water pressure is applied to the supply side water circulation path 3, the heating pump 14 is not in operation. If it is stopped, the heat medium circulating in the receiving side water circulation path 4 does not enter the supply side water circulation path 3 and there is no possibility that health damage or the like will occur and there is no problem. However, when water breakage occurs in a state where the partition inside the heat exchanger 5 is damaged, the supply-side water circulation path 3 may be at a lower pressure. In this case, the heat medium flowing through the receiving-side water circulation path 4 is separated from the partition wall. Intrudes into the supply side water circulation path 3 from the damaged portion. For this reason, the control device 2 monitors the occurrence of water breakage by detecting a decrease in pressure in the supply-side water circulation path 3.
The control device 2 detects a decrease in the pressure in the supply-side water circulation path 3 by the pressure switch 3a and detects the occurrence of a water break (S18, a water break detection step). When a decrease in pressure in the supply-side water circulation path 3 is detected, the partition wall of the heat exchanger 5 is broken and water leakage occurs, and the heat medium in the reception-side water circulation path 4 is mixed into the supply-side water circulation path 3 side. Is detected (S19), an alarm is issued (S20), and all the functions of the cogeneration system 1 are controlled to be stopped (S21). In step S18, the control device 2 stands by until a pressure drop is detected by the pressure switch 3a. Next, the control device 2 determines whether or not it has been reset (S22), waits until it is reset, and the user passes clean water through the supply-side water circulation path 3 to clean the inside of the pipe and reset button (not shown). When the resetting is performed, for example, by pressing (NO)), it is determined that the resetting is performed, and the process returns to S12.
[0034]
Moreover, when it determines with the measurement time of the timer 2a having exceeded 30 minutes in step S15, it detects that the air permeate | transmits the thermal radiation pipe 16 of the floor heating panel 15, and has mixed into the receiving side water circulation path 4. (S23), a warning is issued by displaying the fact on a display unit such as a remote controller connected to the control device 2, and control is performed to prohibit the floor heating operation, and the heating water shown in FIG. Control is performed so that automatic replenishment to the tank 6 is not performed (S24), and the routine proceeds to step 22. Here, the alarm issued in step S24 and the set floor heating operation prohibition state and automatic replenishment prohibition state are reset by turning off the operation switch provided in the control device 2, turning off the power, or S22. Therefore, the control device 2 continuously issues an alarm unless the operation switch is turned off, the power is turned off, or the reset is not performed, and the floor heating operation prohibition state and the automatic replenishment prohibition state are not performed. To maintain. Note that if it is determined in step S15 that the measurement time of the timer 2a has exceeded 30 minutes, a small amount of air is mixed in from the relatively small joint failure locations of the heat radiation pipe 16 and the connection portions 18a and 18b of the floor heating panel 15. Therefore, it may be detected in step S23.
[0035]
Although the heating system for heating by the floor heating panel 15 has been described in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the engine in which the cooling water heated by the exhaust heat of the engine generator circulates is described. With respect to the exhaust heat system, it is possible to detect leakage of the heat exchanger or the like with the same configuration.
[0036]
As described above, the cogeneration system according to the first embodiment is configured, and thus has the following operations.
(1) When the floor heating panel 15 connected to the receiving-side water circulation path 4 is installed at a high place, when the heating pump 14 is stopped, the inside of the radiating pipe 16 of the floor heating panel 15 becomes negative pressure, When a cross-linked polyethylene pipe is used from a relatively small joint failure portion of the connecting portions 18a and 18b or when the cross-linked polyethylene pipe is used as the heat radiating pipe 16, a small amount of air permeates the heat medium. When mixed in, the heat medium in the heat radiating pipe 16 and the connecting pipes 17a and 17b falls into the heating water tank 6, so that the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank 6 rises. Since the rise in the water level gradually increases over a long period of time, when the predetermined water level is detected in step S12 (predetermined water level detection step), the timer 2a is activated in step S13 (measurement start step), and step S14 (warning water level). In the detection step), the warning water level is detected, the time until the water level of the heat medium reaches the warning water level from the predetermined water level is measured, and the time measured by the timer 2a in step S15 (leakage determination step) is preset. If it is determined that the time is within a predetermined time (30 minutes), water leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger 5 has occurred, or there is a relatively large joint failure point in the radiator pipe 16 of the floor heating panel 15. It is detected that a large amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path 4.
(2) When it is determined that the time measured by the timer 2a in S15 (leakage determination step) exceeds a predetermined time (30 minutes) set in advance, the heat radiating pipe 16 and the connecting portion 18a of the floor heating panel 15 , 18b from a relatively small joint failure point or through the heat radiating pipe 16, it is detected that a very small amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path 4. Thereby, the inside of the heating water tank 6 is caused by a small amount of air mixed into the receiving side water circulation path 4 from a relatively small joint failure location of the heat radiating pipe 16 and the connecting portions 18a and 18b or through the heat radiating pipe 16 itself. The rise in the water level is not erroneously detected as leakage due to the breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger 5, and the detection accuracy is excellent.
(3) By detecting that the partition wall of the heat exchanger 5 is broken and detecting the occurrence of water breakage by detecting the pressure drop of the supply side water circulation path 3 by the pressure switch 3a in step 18 (water breakage detection step). Detecting that water breakage occurred while the partition wall of the heat exchanger 5 was damaged, and that the heat medium flowing through the receiving side water circulation path 4 from the damaged portion of the partition wall of the heat exchanger 5 entered the supply side water circulation path 3. By detecting this and stopping all the functions or specific functions of the cogeneration system 1, it is possible to prevent a user from accidentally drinking a heat medium that is sewage and causing a health hazard.
(4) Since the control device 2 passes clean water through the supply side water circulation path 3 and cleans the inside of the pipe, the control device 2 cancels the alarm and cancels all the functions of the cogeneration system 1 or the stop of the specific function. Even if the partition wall 5 is damaged, water leaks and water is cut off, and even when sewage in the receiving water circulation path 4 flows into the supply water circulation path 3, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of health damage due to drinking. Excellent safety.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the cogeneration system and the water leakage / air mixing detection method of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 1,
(1) If the heat exchanger partition breaks and the water flowing through the supply-side water circuit enters the receiving-side water circuit, or if air is mixed in from a poorly joined location in the piping or connection of the heater, the receiving side Since the amount of water in the water circulation path increases and the water level in the heating water tank rises from the preset predetermined water level to the warning water level, the rise in the water level is detected by the water level detection means. It is possible to provide a cogeneration system capable of detecting water leakage or mixing of air from a heater or piping into a receiving-side water circulation path.
(2) When the heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, the inside of the heater pipe becomes negative pressure when the pump is stopped, and the joints and joints are relatively small in the joints Or a small amount of air mixed into the pipe itself and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise of the water level gradually rises over a long period of time, the timer is activated when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches the predetermined water level until the water level of the heating medium reaches the warning water level from the predetermined water level. If the time measured by the timer is within a predetermined time set in advance, water leakage due to breakage of the heat exchanger partition or a relatively large joint in the heater piping By detecting that there is a defective part and a large amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path, a small amount of air is mixed in from the relatively small joint defective part of the connection part or through the pipe itself. Thus, it is possible to provide a cogeneration system with excellent detection accuracy that does not erroneously detect a rise in the water level in the heating water tank caused by the leakage of water due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger.
[0038]
According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect of Claim 1,
(1) When a heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, when the pump is stopped, the inside of the pipe of the heater becomes negative pressure, and the joint and the connection part with relatively small degree of the pipe and connection part Or through the pipe itself, a very small amount of air is mixed into the receiving-side water circulation path, and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise in the water level gradually increases over a long period of time, if the time measured by the timer exceeds a predetermined time set in advance, a relatively small joint failure in the pipe connection of the heater By detecting that a small amount of air is mixed in from the location or through the piping of the heater, the water circulation path on the receiving side passes from the relatively small joint failure location of the piping of the heating device or through the piping itself. Thus, it is possible to provide a cogeneration system with excellent detection accuracy that can accurately detect that a small amount of air is mixed in.
[0039]
According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 1 or 2,
(1) When the water supply of the water supply connected to the water supply port of the supply-side water circulation path occurs, the water pressure applied to the supply-side water circulation path disappears, so the pressure of the supply-side water circulation path decreases. The control device detects that the partition wall of the heat exchanger has been damaged by the water level detection unit, and detects a drop in water pressure in the supply-side water circulation path using a pressure switch disposed in the supply-side circulation path, thereby generating water breakage. By detecting that the heat medium flowing through the receiving-side water circulation path from the damaged part of the partition wall of the heat exchanger has entered the supply-side water circulation path, and stopping all the functions or specific functions of the system, It is possible to provide a highly safe cogeneration system that prevents a user from accidentally drinking a heat medium that is dirty water and prevents health damage.
[0040]
According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of Claim 3,
(1) After clear water is passed through the supply-side water circuit and the inside of the pipe is washed, the alarm is released and all functions or specific functions of the system are released, so the heat exchanger partition is damaged and water leaks. Even if there is a water outage on the water supply side and the sewage in the water supply side of the receiving water flows into the water supply side of the supply side, it can only be used after recovering from the water loss and cleaning the inside of the pipe. It is possible to provide a safe cogeneration system that can prevent the occurrence.
[0041]
According to the invention of claim 5,
(1) When the partition wall of the heat exchanger breaks and the water flowing through the supply-side water circulation path enters the reception-side water circulation path, or air enters the receiving-side water circulation path from the piping or connection part of the connection part of the heater, etc. In this case, since the amount of water in the receiving-side water circulation path increases and the water level of the heating water tank rises from the predetermined water level set in advance to the warning water level, after detecting the predetermined water level in the predetermined water level detection step, in the warning water level detection step Warning By detecting the water level and detecting the rise in the water level, it is possible to detect leakage due to breakage of the heat exchanger partition wall or air contamination from the heater or piping to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side. An aeration detection method can be provided.
(2) When the heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, the inside of the heater pipe becomes negative pressure when the pump is stopped, and the joints and joints are relatively small in the joints Or a small amount of air mixed into the pipe itself and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise in the water level gradually increases over a long period of time, the timer is activated when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches the predetermined water level in the measurement start step, and the water level of the heating medium is changed from the predetermined water level to the warning water level. When the time measured by the timer in the water leakage determination step is determined to be within a predetermined time set in advance, water leakage due to breakage of the heat exchanger partition or heating is performed. By detecting that there is a relatively large joint failure point in the piping of the machine and that a large amount of air is mixed in the receiving side water circulation path, or from the relatively small joint failure point of the connection part or the pipe Cage with excellent detection accuracy that does not mistakenly detect the rise in the water level in the heating water tank due to the permeation of a small amount of air through itself and leakage due to the damage of the heat exchanger partition Leakage-aeration method for detecting ne configuration system can provide.
[0042]
According to the invention described in claim 6, in addition to the effect of claim 5,
(1) When a heater connected to the water circulation circuit on the receiving side is installed at a high place, when the pump is stopped, the inside of the pipe of the heater becomes negative pressure, and the joint and the connection part with relatively small degree of the pipe and connection part Or through the pipe itself, a very small amount of air is mixed into the receiving-side water circulation path, and the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank rises. Since the rise in the water level gradually rises over a long period of time, if it is determined that the time measured by the timer in the water leakage determination step exceeds a predetermined time set in advance, a comparison of the pipe connections of the heater is performed. By detecting that a small amount of air is mixed in from a poorly welded spot or through a pipe of the heater, the pipe is permeated from a relatively poorly welded spot of the heater pipe or from the pipe itself. Thus, it is possible to provide a leakage / air mixture detection method for a cogeneration system with excellent detection accuracy that can accurately detect that a small amount of air is mixed in the receiving-side water circulation path.
[0043]
According to invention of Claim 7, in addition to the effect of Claim 5 or 6,
(1) By detecting the breakage of the heat exchanger partition wall and detecting the occurrence of water breakage in the water breakage detection step, it is detected that the water breakage has occurred with the heat exchanger partition wall broken, and heat exchange is performed. It is detected that the heat medium flowing through the receiving side water circuit from the damaged part of the partition wall of the vessel has entered the supply side water circuit, and stops all functions or specific functions of the system. It is possible to provide a leak detection / aeration detection method for a cogeneration system that is excellent in safety and can prevent health damage without accidentally drinking.
[0044]
According to the invention described in claim 8, in addition to the effect of claim 7,
(1) After clear water is passed through the supply-side water circuit and the inside of the pipe is washed, the alarm is released and all functions of the system or specific functions are released. Even if there is a water outage on the water supply side and the sewage in the receiving water circulation flowed into the supply water circulation passage, it can only be used after recovering from the water loss and cleaning the inside of the pipe. It is possible to provide a leak detection / aeration detection method for a cogeneration system excellent in safety that can be prevented from occurring.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a main configuration diagram showing a cogeneration system and a connected floor heating panel according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an automatic water replenishment operation to a heating water tank.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a water leak / aeration detection operation of the cogeneration system.
FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing the water level at the start of replenishment of water to the heating water tank.
(B) Explanatory drawing which shows the preset predetermined water level (high water level) of a heating water tank
(C) Explanatory drawing showing the warning water level of the heating water tank
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional cogeneration system.
FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of a stacked heat exchanger.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Cogeneration system
2 Control device
2a timer
3 Supply-side water circuit
3a Pressure switch
4 Receiving side water circuit
5 Heat exchanger
6 Heating water tank
6a Overflow port
7 Water level detector
8 Reference electrode
9 Heating low water electrode
10 Heating high water level electrode
11 Heating warning water level electrode
12 Heating water pipe
13 Heating water supply valve
14 Heating pump
15 Floor heating panel
16 Radiation tube
17a, 17b Connection pipe
18a, 18b, 19a, 19b connection part
A building
B floor

Claims (8)

A supply-side water circulation path through which water heated by exhaust heat from an exhaust heat device such as an engine generator or an auxiliary heat source circulates, and a reception-side water circulation path through which a heat medium composed of water from a heater such as floor heating circulates And at least one heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the heated water that circulates in the supply-side water circulation path and the heat medium that circulates in the receiving-side water circulation path, and circulates in the supply-side water circulation path A cogeneration system capable of heating the heat medium by supplying the heat of water to the heat medium circulating through the receiving side water circulation path by the heat exchanger,
A control device that controls the whole; a timer that measures time; a heating water tank that is disposed in the receiving-side water circulation path and temporarily stores the heat medium circulating in the receiving-side water circulation path; and the heating water A water level detection unit for detecting the level of the heat medium stored in the tank,
The controller activates the timer when the water level detection unit detects that the water level of the heat medium has reached a predetermined water level, and determines a time until the water level reaches a warning water level higher than the predetermined water level. If the measured time is within a predetermined time set in advance, water leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger has occurred, or from the defective part of the heater or piping to the receiving side water circulation path A cogeneration system that detects when a large amount of air is mixed. When the time measured by the timer exceeds a predetermined time set in advance, the control device passes from the defective portion of the heater or piping or through the piping of the heater to the receiving-side water circulation path. The cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein it detects that a very small amount of air is mixed. A pressure switch that detects the water break as a pressure drop when a water break occurs in a water supply connected to a water supply port that supplies water to the supply-side water circulation path, and the control device detects a drop in water pressure by the pressure switch. In this case, the cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an alarm is issued to stop all functions or specific functions of the system. The said control apparatus performs cancellation | release of the warning and the cancellation | release of the stop of all the functions of a system, or a specific function, after letting fresh water flow through the said supply side water circulation path and wash | cleaning the inside of a pipe | tube. Cogeneration system described in 1. A heat medium comprising exhaust heat from an exhaust heat generator such as an engine generator that circulates in the supply-side water circulation path or water heated by an auxiliary heat source and water in a heater such as floor heating that circulates in the reception-side water circulation path A method for detecting leakage and air contamination in a cogeneration system that exchanges heat between
A predetermined water level detection step of detecting, by a water level detection unit, that the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank that is disposed in the heat receiving side water circulation path and temporarily stores the circulating heat medium has reached a predetermined water level. When,
A measurement starting step of operating a timer when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches a predetermined water level;
A warning water level detection step of detecting that the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank has reached a warning water level higher than the predetermined water level;
The time measured by the timer from when the water level of the heating medium in the heating water tank reaches the predetermined water level to the warning water level is detected, and the measurement time is within a preset predetermined time A water leakage determination step for determining whether or not,
With
If it is determined in the water leakage determination step that the measurement time is within a predetermined time set in advance, water leakage due to breakage of the partition wall of the heat exchanger has occurred or the receiving side water circulation from a defective part of the heater or piping A method for detecting leakage / aeration in a cogeneration system, characterized by detecting that a large amount of air is mixed in a road. If it is determined in the water leakage determination step that the measurement time has exceeded a predetermined time set in advance, a small amount of air is transmitted from the defective portion of the heater or piping or to the piping of the heater to the receiving-side water circulation path. 6. The method for detecting leakage / aeration of a cogeneration system according to claim 5, wherein it is detected that water is mixed. Comprising a water-off detection step for detecting the occurrence of water-supply water stop connected to a water supply port for supplying water to the supply-side water circulation path;
7. The water leakage / air of the cogeneration system according to claim 5, wherein when the occurrence of water breakage is detected in the water breakage detection step, an alarm is issued to stop all or specific functions of the system. Mixing detection method. 8. The cogeneration system according to claim 7, wherein after the clean water is passed through the supply-side water circulation path and the inside of the pipe is washed, the alarm is canceled and the entire function of the system or the stop of the specific function is canceled. System leakage / aeration detection method.

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