JP4093608B2 - Process for producing optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid - Google Patents

Process for producing optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid Download PDF

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JP4093608B2
JP4093608B2 JP33987696A JP33987696A JP4093608B2 JP 4093608 B2 JP4093608 B2 JP 4093608B2 JP 33987696 A JP33987696 A JP 33987696A JP 33987696 A JP33987696 A JP 33987696A JP 4093608 B2 JP4093608 B2 JP 4093608B2
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propanol
phenoxy
benzylamino
phenoxypropionic acid
iii
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JPH10175913A (en
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元 長谷川
哲朗 渡谷
南基 洪
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大東化学株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、それ自体医薬、農薬、液晶材料として用いられ、さらに光学活性アミン類を得る為の光学分割剤として新規な用途が期待される光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸の新規製造法に関する。
医薬、農薬、化粧品、食品あるいは高性能液晶組成品等の分野で光学活性化合物の必要性が高まって来ている現在、これら光学活性化合物を得る方法の一つである光学分割法に必要な光学分割剤を提供することは極めて重要となっている。本発明は、従来、同様目的に使用されてきたアルカロイドの様な天然物と異なり、両対掌体の利用が可能であり目的化合物のいずれの対掌体を得ることも容易にできる、産業上の多様なニーズに対応できる酸性光学分割剤の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を得るには、
1)L−乳酸(S−配位)をエステル化した後、2位のヒドロキシル基をハロゲン化又は活性エステル化しフェノールのナトリウム塩と反応させ、次いでエステル残基を加水分解して、R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕とする方法、
2)RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕のヨヒンビンによる光学分割(E.Fourneau & G.Sandulesco, Bull. soc. chim. Fr., [4] 31,988(1992).)、
3)RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕をデヒドロアビエチルアミンによって光学分割して、R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕とする方法[W.J.Gottstein & L.C.Cheney,J.Org.Chem.,30,2072(1965),] 、
4)RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸エステル〔RS−I〕の酵素的光学分割(日本化学会第71秋季年会(1996)2P乃54−56)
等が知られている。
【0003】
しかし、このような公知の方法は種々の問題点があった。例えば、L−乳酸からはR−(+)配位の2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕のみが得られるに過ぎない。デヒドロアビエチルアミンによる光学分割でもR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕が得られた報告のみで、対掌体は得られていない。ヨヒンビンを用いた分割法はアルカロイドを用いる古典的なもので、分割剤の量的な供給制限、毒性などが考えられ工業的とはいえない。難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を分離した母液から回収した光学的純度の低い2−フェノキシプロピオン酸から比較的溶解度の低いRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕を再結晶法で分離する光学的精製法も知られているが対掌体の収率は低い。酵素的光学分割法では両対掌体が得られているが、現在まで両対掌体の経済的に有効な取得法は知られていない。
【0004】
RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕は工業的に利用される化合物であり、その光学活性体、即ちS−(−),及びR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔S−I〕及び〔R−I〕)も夫々公知である。しかしながら、光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を得る方法については上記の様に両対掌体を効率よく得る方法がなかった。これは従来の技術が主として基礎分野に止まり、それらの工業的規模での応用がなされなかったためと考えられる。しかしながら、光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸誘導体は植物ホルモン様作用を有し、あるいはペニシラン酸のアミノ基修飾に用いられる等有用物への転換もなされている。
【0005】
一方、本発明者らが知る限り、光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を光学分割剤として利用している文献は未載である。本発明者らは先に特願平8−78476号明細書において、医薬品中間体として利用される2−メチルピペラジンの光学活性フェノキシプロピオン酸による光学分割法を提案し、又特願平8−204977号明細書において光学活性な酸性物質の光学分割に有利に利用できる新規R−,及びS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕及び〔S−II〕)の製造法を提案した。これらアミンはヒドロキシカルボン酸類の光学分割に有利に用いられ、又、光学活性ヒドロキシカルボン酸によって容易に光学分割されて両対掌体のいずれもが得られる。上述したように2−メチルピペラジンの光学分割に光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸の需要があり、同時にそれら自体の有用物への転換の可能性が考えられたので、R−,S−いずれの2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕及び〔S−I〕)をも得られる光学分割法を鋭意研究した結果、新規R−,及びS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕及び〔S−II〕)がRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕の光学分割剤として極めて有効であり工業的規模での生産にも適することを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは、RS−2−メチルピペラジンの光学分割法による光学活性2−メチルピペラジンの製造法に極めて好い結果を与えるR−(+)−,及びS−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕及び〔S−I〕)(特願平8−78476号明細書)を得るため鋭意研究した結果、本発明に到達した。
すなわち、本発明者らは、光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕,〔S−I〕)の光学分割剤としての有用性と必要性を認識し、更に多くの有用な光学活性アミン類の光学分割に利用でき、又、本化合物自体を医薬、その他の有用物に転換できる当該光学活性2−2フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕及び〔S−I〕)の両対掌体を得ることに成功したものである。
従って、本発明は、RS−2−メチルピペラジンの光学分割に有用なR−(+)−,及びS−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕及び〔S−I〕)を得るための、工業的に応用できるRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕の光学分割法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の上記目的は、下記各発明によって達成することができる。
(1)R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕をメチレンクロライド、ジクロロエタンその他の有機溶媒に溶解乃至懸濁し、攪拌下に小過剰量のNaOH、KOH等のアルカリ水溶液を加えて複分解し、生成したR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸アルカリ塩又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸アルカリ塩を水層に抽出し、抽出層を酸性にして分離したR−又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を濾過又はメチレンクロライド等の有機溶媒で抽出することによって、光学的に純粋な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕及び〔S−I〕)を製造する方法。
【0008】
(2)R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕をRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを、低級アルコールまたは低級ケトン、好ましくは2−プロパノール中で混合し、加熱溶解後冷却して分離した結晶性の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を濾取し、必要に応じて2−プロパノールから再結晶することによって製造することを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の光学的に純粋な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を製造する方法。
【0009】
(3)R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕を光学的純度の低いR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを、低級アルコールまたは低級ケトン、好ましくは2−プロパノール中で混合し、加熱溶解後冷却して分離した結晶性の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を濾取し、必要に応じて2−プロパノールから再結晶することによって製造することを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の光学的に純粋な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を製造する方法。
【0010】
(4)RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを、低級アルコールまたは低級ケトン、好ましくは2−プロパノール中で混合し、加熱溶解後冷却して分離した結晶性の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を濾取し、必要に応じて2−プロパノールから再結晶して得られる新規R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又は新規S−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕の製造方法。
【0011】
(5)光学的純度の低いR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを、上記(4)に記載した方法で処理する新規R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩又は新規S−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩(〔RR−III 〕又は〔SS−III 〕)の製造方法。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の好ましい実施態様を工程順に具体的に説明する。
R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕とRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕の夫々1モルを700〜750mlの2−プロパノールに加え、混合物を攪拌加熱して均一溶液とし、そのまま60〜70℃で約30分攪拌し、その後加熱を止めて攪拌しながら放冷して、分離した難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を十分に冷却した後、濾過、乾燥して理論値の80〜90%の収量で89〜91%eeのR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸のR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール塩〔RR−III 〕(m.p.115−117℃,〔α〕D +16〜18°,25℃(C 5.0,MeOH)を得る。
得られた難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を当該塩の重量の4倍量(容量)の2−プロパノールから再結晶して、回収率約85%で光学純度97〜98.5%eeのR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸のR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール塩〔RR−III 〕(m.p.116−117℃,〔α〕D +17.0〜18.00°,25℃,C 5.0,MeOH)を得、必要に応じて更にもう一度同様に再結晶して、85〜90%の回収率で光学純度99.7%ee以上のR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕のRR−ジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕を得る。
【0013】
上記のようにして得られた難溶性ジアステレオマー塩をアルカリ水溶液及びメチレンクロライド等水に不溶の有機溶媒を用いて複分解し、光学的に純粋なR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕とR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕を夫々定量的に回収する。
ここで用いられるアルカリ水溶液は、フェノキシプロピオン酸塩の化学量論量に対して小過剰、通常は1.2〜1.5モル当量のNaOH、KOH等の水溶液で濃度は一般には2〜3モル/リットルとする。水に不溶の有機溶媒としては、メチレンクロライド、ジクロロエタンを用いるのが好ましいが、これらのほかクロロホルム、トルエン、酢酸エチルエステル等を用いることができる。また生成したアルカリ塩の複分解に用いられる酸としては、塩酸、硫酸等が挙げられる。
初めに得られた難溶性ジアステレオマー塩の濾液から2−プロパノールを回収した後、残渣を上に記載した方法で複分解し、分割剤と光学純度60〜73%eeのS−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕を夫々定量的に回収することができる。
【0014】
更に、初めに得られた難溶性ジアステレオマー塩の再結晶母液(なおR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕約15%を含む)を次回の光学分割の溶媒としてそのまま用い、R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕の収率、光学収率を向上することができ、また、2回目の光学精製に用いて得られた再結晶母液を、同様に次回の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩の再結晶にそのまま用い、収率、光学収率を向上することができる。
【0015】
上記実施態様を、R−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕によるRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕の光学分割について説明したが、これはそのままS−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕によるRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕の光学分割について適用することができるのはいうまでもない。
更に、このようにして得られたR−,又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を光学分割剤として使用して上記方法と全く同じ操作を行って、RS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔RS−II〕の光学分割を行うことができる。
上記の各反応を工程順に反応式で示すと下記のように表すことができる。
【0016】
【化1】

Figure 0004093608
【0017】
一般的に光学分割においては、目標の光学純度に到達する為に再結晶を繰り返すなどジアステレオマー塩の精製には労力を必要とする。従って目的物の収量は低下するが、本発明の方法によれば、光学分割剤の基質選択性、両ジアステレオマー塩の溶解度の差において、極めて有利であり、その結果、反応、分離、回収等の工程が容易であり、工業的生産にも対応することが可能である。即ち、難溶性ジアステレオマーは50℃程度で容易に溶解するが室温では濾過容易な結晶が好収量で析出する。難溶性ジアステレオマー塩はメチレンクロライドには易溶であることが分かり、又、1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔II〕、2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕もともに、メチレンクロライドに易溶であって、このことは複分解にとって好都合である。2−プロパノールは反応後濃縮回収して反復使用する事ができる。
【0018】
上述したように、難溶性ジアステレオマー塩再結晶母液を次回の光学分割の溶媒として、又、当該塩の光学精製の結晶母液を次回の再結晶溶媒として使用することは、目的物の収量の向上と共に光学精製の収率向上に、又、溶媒回収の回数を少なくするなど工程合理化に役立つものである。
【0019】
難溶性ジアステレオマー塩分別後、母液から回収された光学的に不純な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕(光学的純度60〜73%ee)から光学的に純粋な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を得るには、基本的にはRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕の場合と全く同様である。即ち、S−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕と光学的に不純なS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕の等モルを2−プロパノール中で混合加熱溶解し、冷却して結晶した難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を分離し、必要に応じて再結晶精製を行うものである。この場合得られた難溶性ジアステレオマー塩の収率は理論値の90%以上であり、一部採取して得られたS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔S−I〕の光学純度も96%ee以上であった。即ち、純粋なS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸を得るのには、一回の再結晶で十分である。同様なことはR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕を得る場合にも適用される。本発明において、被分割化合物のいずれか一方の対掌体の濃度がRS−体に比して高い時、光学分割の効率が顕著に向上することが分かった。又、光学分割剤のいずれの対掌体も均等に利用することによって被分割化合物のいずれの対掌体も極めて有利に得ることができることが分かった。
【0020】
本発明において、難溶性ジアステレオマー塩は一般に次のようにして得られる。
即ち、1モル当量の光学純度0〜98%eeの2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕と当量の光学活性1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)(但し、2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕がS−(−)体過剰の場合はS−(−)アミンを、逆の場合はR−(+)アミンを用いる)を700〜750mlの2−プロパノールに加え、加熱攪拌して50〜70℃に昇温し、得られた均一溶液を攪拌下放冷し、必要に応じて種晶を接種して析出した難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を氷冷した後濾過し、冷2−プロパノールを用いて濾斗上で洗い、風乾して得た。このようにして得られた難溶性ジアステレオマー塩は文献未載の新規物質で、収率は理論値の85〜90%であった。本品を必要に応じて4倍量の2−プロパノールから1回乃至2回の再結晶により光学精製すると回収率70〜95%で純粋なジアステレオマー塩が得られた。この時に生じた濾液は溶媒を回収することなく、そのまま次のロットの光学分割又は光学精製に転用される。
【0021】
R−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕
〔α〕D +17.0〜18.0°(C 5.0,MeOH,25℃)
m.p.116〜7℃
S−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕
〔α〕D −17.0〜18.0°(C 5.0,MeOH,25℃)
m.p.116〜7℃
【0022】
ジアステレオマー塩からの光学分割剤と光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)の回収は次の様にして行われる。即ち、1当量のジアステレオマー塩を4乃至6倍量のメチレンクロライドに加えて溶解し、これに1.2乃至1.5当量のNaOH水溶液を攪拌下に注入し、しばらく攪拌後静置し、分液する。有機層を水洗、乾燥した後、濃縮すると光学活性1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)が定量的に回収された。アルカリ性の水層は、メチレンクロライドの少量で洗浄した後、塩酸酸性としオイル状又は結晶として分離した光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)をメチレンクロライドで抽出した。抽出層は水洗、乾燥した後、濃縮すると光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)が定量的に得られた。
【0023】
R−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕
〔α〕D +10.1〜10.7°(C 5.0,MeOH,25℃)
m.p.78〜80℃
S−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕
〔α〕D −10.1〜10.7°(C 5.0,MeOH,25℃)
m.p.78〜80℃
R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕
〔α〕D +40.2°(C 1.0,EtOH,25℃)
光学純度(ee)99%以上(ダイセル社製 Chiralcel ODカラム)
m.p.96〜98℃
S−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔S−I〕
〔α〕D −40.5°(C 1.0,EtOH,25℃)
光学純度(ee)99%以上(ダイセル社製 Chiralcel ODカラム)
m.p.96〜98℃
【0024】
最初の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を濾別した濾液は濃縮して2−プロパノールを回収し、残渣は複分解して分割剤と光学的純度の低い2−フェノキシプロピオン酸を回収した。
【0025】
R−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕
〔α〕D +10.1〜10.7°(C 5.0,MeOH,25℃)
m.p.78〜80℃
S−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕
〔α〕D −10.1〜10.7°(C 5.0,MeOH,25℃)
m.p.78〜80℃
R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕
〔α〕D +23〜28°(C 1.0,EtOH,25℃)
光学純度(ee)60〜73%(ダイセル社製 Chiralcel ODカラム)
S−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔S−I〕
〔α〕D −23〜28°(C 1.0,EtOH,25℃)
光学純度(ee)60〜73%(ダイセル社製 Chiralcel ODカラム)
以上記載した2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕の光学分割法は勿論上記に限定されるものではない。
【0026】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明をこれにより限定するものではない。
(実施例1)
16.6g(0.1mol)のRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕、25.7g(0.1mol)のR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕を2−プロパノール90mlに加えて加熱し、均一溶液を得た。これにR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕の結晶少量を接種し放冷して結晶化させた。晶出した難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を吸引濾過し20mlの2−プロパノールで洗浄した。結晶を乾燥して18.2g(86%)、m.p.115〜7℃、〔α〕D +17.08°(C 5.5,MeOH,25℃)を得た。更に60mlの2−プロパノールから再結晶して16.6g(回収率91%)〔〔α〕D +17.23°(C 5.04,MeOH,25℃)、m.p.116〜117℃〕の純粋なジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕を得た。
【0027】
元素分析: C2529NO5 (分子量:423.49)
計算値: C:70.90%,H:6.90%,N:3.31%
実験値: C:71.12%,H:6.88%,N:3.25%
【0028】
核磁気共鳴吸収(NMR)
δ7.30−6.84(m,15H,−Ph×3),4.59(q,1H,PhOC−)4.53−4.28(broad,1H,−OH),4.13−4.17(m,1H,OH−C−CH2 N),3.86(q,2H,C 2 −NH),3.71(q,2H,C 2 −OPh),2.85(q,2H,Ph−C 2 ),1.55(d,3H,−CH3
【0029】
この塩をメチレンクロライド60mlに溶解し、NaOH2gを含む水40mlと攪拌してR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕を水層に抽出した。水層をメチレンクロライドで洗った後、濃塩酸を加え、分離してきたオイル状のR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕をメチレンクロライドで抽出した。水層を更に2回抽出し、抽出層を飽和食塩水で洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウム乾燥の後濃縮するとR−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕が結晶状に得られた。6.51g(定量的)、m.p.96〜98℃、〔α〕D +40.23°(C 1.04,EtOH,25℃)、光学純度(ee)99.32%(ダイセル社製 Chiralcel ODカラム)。仕込みRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕に対する収率は理論値の78.48%であった。R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕を水層に抽出した残りのメチレンクロライド層(分割剤を含む)は水洗、乾燥、濃縮して10.1g(定量的)のR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕〔m.p.77〜78℃,〔α〕D +10.61°(C 1.07,MeOH,25℃)〕を回収した。
【0030】
最初に難溶性ジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕を分離した濾液は減圧で2−プロパノールを回収した後、油状残渣をメチレンクロライドに溶解しNaOH8gを含む80ml水溶液で抽出、常法に従いS−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔S−I〕を過剰に含む2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕を得た。9.6g(定量的),光学純度(ee)72.9%(ダイセル社製 Chiralcel ODカラム)。2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕を分離した後のメチレンクロライド層は定法に従って処理して分割剤R−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕〔m.p.76〜78℃、〔α〕D +10.13°(C 1.0,MeOH,25℃)〕を14.7g(定量的)回収した。
【0031】
(実施例2)
光学純度約52%ee〔〔α〕D −21.11°(C 4.01,EtOH,25℃)〕のS−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕95g(0.57mol)とS−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕147g(0.57mol)を2−プロパノール300mlに加え加熱して均一溶液を得た。冷却後S−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕の結晶を少量接種して晶出させた。氷冷して晶出完了後濾過し、2−プロパノールで洗浄し乾燥した。収量179g(74.2%)、〔α〕D −16.89°(C 4.01,MeOH,25℃)。この結晶を500mlの2−プロパノールから再結晶して169g(回収率94.2%)、更に460mlの2−プロパノールから再結晶して167.4g(回収率99%)の純ジアステレオマー塩〔SS−III 〕を得た。〔α〕D −17.8°(C 4.0,MeOH,25℃)、m.p.116〜118℃。
【0032】
このジアステレオマー塩〔SS−III 〕を実施例1に記載した方法に準じて処理し、S−(−)2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔S−I〕64.3g〔回収率98.2%、光学純度(ee)99.6%(ダイセル社製 Chiralcel ODカラム)〕、S−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕101g(定量的)を夫々得た。最初に難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を分離した濾液は減圧で2−プロパノールを回収した後、実施例1の記載に準じて処理し、R−(+)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕を過剰に含む2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔I〕24.5g(定量的)と分割剤〔S−II〕37.6g(定量的)を回収した。
【0033】
(実施例3)
16.6g(0.1mol)のRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕、25.7g(0.1mol)のR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕を2−プロパノール90mlに加えて実施例1と同様に処理し、難溶性ジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕18.2g〔収率86%、m.p.115〜7℃、〔α〕D −17.08°(C 5.5,MeOH,25℃)〕を得た。60mlの2−プロパノールから再結晶して16.3g〔回収率89%、〔α〕D +17.42°(C 5.2,MeOH,25℃)、m.p.116〜117℃〕の純粋なジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕を得た。再結晶の母液(90ml)には1.9gの粗ジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕が含まれていた。この母液に16.6g(0.1mol)のRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕、25.7g(0.1mol)のR−(+)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔R−II〕を加え、上と同様の操作を行った結果、21.3g(2回目仕込み量に対して100%)の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕を得た。m.p.115〜7℃、〔α〕D +17.23°(C 5.1,MeOH,25℃)。これを70mlの2−プロパノールから再結晶して20.2g〔回収率95%、〔α〕D +17.43°(C 5.1,MeOH,25℃)、m.p.116〜7℃〕の純粋なジアステレオマー塩〔RR−III 〕を得た。このジアステレオマー塩を常法どうり処理して光学純度99.7%eeのR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔R−I〕と光学分割剤〔R−II〕を夫々定量的に得た。
【0034】
(実施例4)
16.6g(0.1mol)のRS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕、25.7g(0.1mol)のS−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕を2−プロパノール90mlに加えて実施例1と同様に処理し、難溶性ジアステレオマー塩〔SS−III 〕18.5g〔収率87%、m.p.115〜7℃、〔α〕D −17.1°(C 5.3,MeOH,25℃)〕を得た。60mlの2−プロパノールから再結晶して16.6g(回収率89%)〔〔α〕D −17.4°(C 5.2,MeOH,25℃)、m.p.116〜117℃〕の純粋なジアステレオマー塩〔SS−III 〕を得た。
【0035】
(参考例)
25.7g(0.1mol)のRS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔RS−II〕と16.6g(0.1mol)のS−(−)−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔S−I〕を2−プロパノール90mlに加えて実施例1と同様に処理し、難溶性ジアステレオマー塩〔SS−III 〕18.3g(収率86%)〔m.p.115〜7℃、〔α〕D −17.3°(C 5.1,MeOH,25℃)〕を得た。66mlの2−プロパノールから再結晶して16.1g(回収率88%)〔〔α〕D −17.4°(C 5.5,MeOH,25℃),m.p.116〜117℃〕の純粋なジアステレオマー塩〔SS−III 〕を得た。本品を常法どうり複分解して、分割剤〔S−I〕とS−(−)−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール〔S−II〕〔m.p.78〜80℃,〔α〕D −10.6°(C 5.2,MeOH,25℃)〕を夫々定量的に得た。
【0036】
2−フェノキシプロピオン酸光学純度分析法
カラム:ダイセル化学製 Chiralcel-OD 4.6φmm×25.0cm
キャリア:ヘキサン:2−プロパノール=9:1,1.0%ギ酸含有
検出器:UV270nm
流速:0.5ml/min
注入サンプル:2−フェノキシプロピオン酸10mg/50mlキャリア
サンプル注入量:20μl
カラム温度:室温
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によると、RS−2−メチルピペラジンの光学分割に好結果を与える光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸を工業的有利に製造することができる。RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕に対して光学活性1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)を用いて難溶性ジアステレオマー塩〔III 〕を高収率で取得し、当該塩の複分解も高収率で行うことができ、これより目的とする光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕及び〔S−I〕)を定量的に得ることができる。本発明の方法では、光学分割剤の基質選択性、両ジアステレオマー塩の溶解度の差において、極めて有利であり、その結果、反応、分離、回収等の工程が容易であり、工業的生産にも対応することが可能である。
従って、光学活性2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)自体医薬、農薬、液晶材料として用いられ、更に光学活性アミン類を得るための光学分割剤として新規な用途が期待されるので当業界に資するところが極めて大きい。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel process for producing optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid, which is itself used as a pharmaceutical, agricultural chemical, or liquid crystal material, and is expected to be used as an optical resolving agent for obtaining optically active amines.
The need for optically active compounds is increasing in the fields of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, foods, and high performance liquid crystal compositions, etc. Currently, the optics required for the optical resolution method, which is one of the methods for obtaining these optically active compounds Providing a resolving agent is extremely important. Unlike the natural products such as alkaloids that have been used for the same purpose, the present invention can use both enantiomers and can easily obtain any enantiomer of the target compound. It is related with the manufacturing method of the acidic optical resolution agent which can respond to various needs.
[0002]
[Prior art]
To obtain optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]),
1) After esterifying L-lactic acid (S-coordination), the hydroxyl group at the 2-position is halogenated or active esterified and reacted with a sodium salt of phenol, and then the ester residue is hydrolyzed to produce R- ( +)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI],
2) Optical resolution of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] with yohimbine (E. Fourneau & G. Sandulesco, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., [4]31, 988 (1992).),
3) A method of optically resolving RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] with dehydroabiethylamine to give R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] [WJ Gottstein & LCCheney, J.Org.Chem.,30, 2072 (1965),],
4) Enzymatic optical resolution of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid ester [RS-I] (The 71st Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan (1996) 2P 54-56)
Etc. are known.
[0003]
However, such a known method has various problems. For example, only R-(+)-coordinated 2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] can be obtained from L-lactic acid. Even in the optical resolution with dehydroabiethylamine, only R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] was obtained, and the enantiomer was not obtained. The splitting method using yohimbine is a classic method using alkaloids, and it is not industrial because of the limited supply of the splitting agent and toxicity. Optical separation of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] having relatively low solubility from 2-phenoxypropionic acid with low optical purity recovered from the mother liquor from which the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt has been separated by recrystallization. Although the purification method is also known, the yield of the enantiomer is low. Both enantiomers have been obtained by enzymatic optical resolution, but no economically effective method for obtaining both enantiomers has been known so far.
[0004]
RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] is an industrially utilized compound, and its optically active forms, namely S-(−) and R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid ([S -I] and [R-I]) are also known respectively. However, as described above, there has been no method for efficiently obtaining both enantiomers for obtaining optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]). This is thought to be because the conventional techniques are mainly limited to the basic field and have not been applied on an industrial scale. However, optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid derivatives have a plant hormone-like action, or have been converted into useful compounds such as those used for modification of the amino group of penicillanic acid.
[0005]
On the other hand, as far as the present inventors know, there is no literature that uses optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) as an optical resolution agent. In the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 8-78476, the present inventors previously proposed an optical resolution method of 2-methylpiperazine to be used as a pharmaceutical intermediate with optically active phenoxypropionic acid, and Japanese Patent Application No. 8-204977. Of novel R- and S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] and [S-II]) which can be advantageously used for optical resolution of optically active acidic substances in the specification A manufacturing method was proposed. These amines are advantageously used for optical resolution of hydroxycarboxylic acids, and are easily optically resolved with optically active hydroxycarboxylic acids to give both enantiomers. As described above, there is a demand for optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid in the optical resolution of 2-methylpiperazine, and at the same time, there is a possibility of conversion into useful compounds of itself. As a result of intensive studies on an optical resolution method capable of also obtaining phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] and [SI]), novel R- and S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ( [R-II] and [S-II]) were found to be extremely effective as an optical resolution agent for RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] and suitable for production on an industrial scale. It came to do.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The inventors of the present invention provide R-(+)-and S-(-)-2-phenoxypropion that give extremely favorable results to the process for producing optically active 2-methylpiperazine by optical resolution of RS-2-methylpiperazine. As a result of intensive studies to obtain acids ([RI] and [SI]) (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-78476), the present invention has been achieved.
That is, the present inventors have recognized the usefulness and necessity of optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI], [SI]) as an optical resolution agent, and more useful optical activity. Both enantiomers of the optically active 2-2phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] and [SI]) can be used for optical resolution of amines and can be converted into pharmaceuticals and other useful compounds. It ’s a successful body.
Therefore, the present invention provides R-(+)-, and S-(-)-2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] and [SI]) useful for optical resolution of RS-2-methylpiperazine. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical resolution method of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] that can be applied industrially to obtain the above.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following inventions.
(1) R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2 R-2 produced by dissolving or suspending phenoxypropionate [SS-III] in methylene chloride, dichloroethane or other organic solvent, and metathesis by adding a small excess of an aqueous alkali solution such as NaOH or KOH under stirring. -An alkali salt of phenoxypropionic acid or an alkali salt of S-2-phenoxypropionic acid was extracted into an aqueous layer, and the R- or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [S -I]) by filtration or extraction with an organic solvent such as methylene chloride to produce optically pure 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([R Method for producing I] and [S-I]).
[0008]
(2) R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2 -Phenoxypropionate [SS-III] is replaced with RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S -II]) are mixed in a lower alcohol or a lower ketone, preferably 2-propanol, dissolved by heating and cooled, and the separated crystalline poorly soluble diastereomeric salt is collected by filtration and used as necessary. The optically pure 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([R-I] or [S--] according to (1) above, which is produced by recrystallization from 2-propanol accordingly) Method for producing a]).
[0009]
(3) R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2 -Phenoxypropionate [SS-III] is reduced in optical purity with R-2-phenoxypropionic acid or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ( [R-II] or [S-II]) are mixed in a lower alcohol or lower ketone, preferably 2-propanol, dissolved by heating, cooled and then separated by cooling to form a crystalline hardly soluble diastereomer. The optically pure 2-phenoxy as described in (1) above, wherein the salt is collected by filtration and optionally recrystallized from 2-propanol. Process for preparing propionic acid ([R-I] or [S-I]).
[0010]
(4) Equimolar amounts of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S-II]) Are mixed in a lower alcohol or a lower ketone, preferably 2-propanol, dissolved by heating and then cooled, and the separated crystalline hardly soluble diastereomeric salt is collected by filtration and recrystallized from 2-propanol as necessary. New R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or novel S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / A method for producing S-2-phenoxypropionate [SS-III].
[0011]
(5) R-2-phenoxypropionic acid or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid with low optical purity and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S -II]) is treated with the method described in (4) above, and the novel R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate or novel S-1 is treated. -Manufacturing method of benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol and S-2-phenoxypropionate ([RR-III] or [SS-III]).
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described in the order of steps.
1 mol each of R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [R-II] and RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] was added to 700 to 750 ml of 2-propanol, and the mixture was stirred. Heat to a uniform solution, stir at 60-70 ° C. for about 30 minutes, then stop heating and cool with stirring to cool the separated hardly soluble diastereomeric salt sufficiently, then filter and dry R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol salt of R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid with 89-91% ee in a yield of 80-90% of theory. RR-III] (mp 115-117 ° C., [α]D+ 16-18 °, 25 ° C. (C 5.0, MeOH) are obtained.
The obtained poorly soluble diastereomeric salt was recrystallized from 4-propanol (volume) of 4-fold weight of the salt, and R- (optical purity of 97-98.5% ee with a recovery rate of about 85%. R)-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol salt [RR-III] (mp 116-117 ° C., [α]) of +)-2-phenoxypropionic acidD+17.0 to 18.00 °, 25 ° C., C 5.0, MeOH), and if necessary, recrystallized again in the same manner to obtain an optical purity of 99.7% ee at a recovery rate of 85 to 90%. The above RR-diastereomeric salt [RR-III] of R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] is obtained.
[0013]
The hardly-soluble diastereomeric salt obtained as described above is metathesized using an organic solvent insoluble in water such as an alkaline aqueous solution and methylene chloride, and optically pure R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [ R-I] and R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [R-II] are quantitatively recovered.
The alkaline aqueous solution used here is a small excess with respect to the stoichiometric amount of phenoxypropionate, usually 1.2 to 1.5 molar equivalents of an aqueous solution of NaOH, KOH, etc. The concentration is generally 2 to 3 mol. / Liter. As the organic solvent insoluble in water, methylene chloride and dichloroethane are preferably used. In addition, chloroform, toluene, ethyl acetate, and the like can be used. Examples of the acid used for metathesis of the produced alkali salt include hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
After 2-propanol was recovered from the filtrate of the poorly soluble diastereomeric salt obtained at the beginning, the residue was metathesized by the method described above, and S-(-)-with a resolving agent and an optical purity of 60-73% ee. 2-Phenoxypropionic acid [I] can be recovered quantitatively.
[0014]
Furthermore, the recrystallized mother liquor of the poorly soluble diastereomeric salt obtained first (note that R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol.R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] containing about 15%) can be used as the solvent for the next optical resolution to improve the yield and optical yield of R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI]. In addition, the recrystallization mother liquor obtained by the second optical purification can be used as it is for the next recrystallization of the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt, and the yield and optical yield can be improved.
[0015]
The above embodiment has been described for the optical resolution of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] with R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [R-II]. Is directly applicable to the optical resolution of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] with S-(−)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [S-II]. Not too long.
Further, using the R- or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) thus obtained as an optical resolution agent, the same procedure as described above was performed. RS-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [RS-II] can be optically resolved.
Each of the above reactions can be expressed as follows in the order of steps in the reaction formula.
[0016]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004093608
[0017]
In general, in optical resolution, efforts are required to purify diastereomeric salts such as repeated recrystallization to reach the target optical purity. Therefore, although the yield of the target product is reduced, according to the method of the present invention, it is extremely advantageous in the substrate selectivity of the optical resolution agent and the difference in solubility between both diastereomeric salts. As a result, the reaction, separation, recovery These processes are easy, and it is possible to cope with industrial production. That is, the hardly soluble diastereomer dissolves easily at about 50 ° C., but crystals that can be easily filtered precipitate at a good yield at room temperature. Slightly soluble diastereomeric salts are found to be readily soluble in methylene chloride, and 1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [II] and 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] are both methylene chloride. This is convenient for metathesis. 2-Propanol can be concentrated and recovered after the reaction and used repeatedly.
[0018]
As described above, the use of the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt recrystallization mother liquor as the solvent for the next optical resolution and the use of the optically purified crystal mother liquor of the salt as the next recrystallization solvent It is useful for streamlining the process, for example, improving the yield of optical purification as well as improving the number of times of solvent recovery.
[0019]
After fractionation of the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt, optically pure 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] (optical purity 60-73% ee) recovered from the mother liquor was recovered from optically pure 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([[ R—I] or [S—I]) is basically the same as RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I]. That is, equimolar amounts of S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [S-II] and optically impure S-2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] were mixed and dissolved in 2-propanol. The hardly soluble diastereomeric salt crystallized by cooling is separated and recrystallized and purified as necessary. In this case, the yield of the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt obtained was 90% or more of the theoretical value, and the optical purity of S-2-phenoxypropionic acid [SI] obtained by partially collecting was 96%. It was over ee. That is, a single recrystallization is sufficient to obtain pure S-2-phenoxypropionic acid. The same applies to the case of obtaining R-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI]. In the present invention, it has been found that when the concentration of either enantiomer of the compound to be resolved is higher than that of the RS-isomer, the efficiency of optical resolution is significantly improved. It has also been found that any enantiomer of the compound to be resolved can be obtained very advantageously by equally utilizing any enantiomer of the optical resolution agent.
[0020]
In the present invention, the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt is generally obtained as follows.
That is, 1 molar equivalent of 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] having an optical purity of 0 to 98% ee and equivalent optically active 1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S-II] )) (However, when 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] is S-(−) excess, S-(−) amine is used, and vice versa, R-(+) amine is used). In addition to 2-propanol, the mixture was heated and stirred to raise the temperature to 50 to 70 ° C., and the obtained homogeneous solution was allowed to cool with stirring. If necessary, seed crystals were inoculated to precipitate the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt. After cooling, the mixture was filtered, washed with cold 2-propanol on a filter funnel, and air dried. The poorly soluble diastereomeric salt thus obtained is a novel substance not described in any literature, and the yield was 85 to 90% of the theoretical value. When this product was optically purified by recrystallization once or twice from 4-fold amount of 2-propanol as necessary, a pure diastereomeric salt was obtained with a recovery of 70 to 95%. The filtrate produced at this time is directly used for optical resolution or optical purification of the next lot without recovering the solvent.
[0021]
R-(+)-1-Benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III]
[Α]D+17.0 to 18.0 ° (C 5.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.)
m. p. 116-7 ° C
S-(-)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-(-)-2-phenoxypropionate [SS-III]
[Α]D−17.0 to 18.0 ° (C 5.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.)
m. p. 116-7 ° C
[0022]
Recovery of the optical resolution agent and optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) from the diastereomeric salt is performed as follows. That is, 1 equivalent of diastereomeric salt was added to 4 to 6 times the amount of methylene chloride and dissolved, and 1.2 to 1.5 equivalents of NaOH aqueous solution was poured into the mixture with stirring, and the mixture was stirred for a while and allowed to stand. Separate the liquid. The organic layer was washed with water, dried, and concentrated to recover optically active 1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S-II]) quantitatively. The alkaline aqueous layer was washed with a small amount of methylene chloride, and then extracted with methylene chloride, optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) that was made acidic with hydrochloric acid and separated as an oil or crystal. did. When the extract layer was washed with water, dried and then concentrated, optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) was quantitatively obtained.
[0023]
R-(+)-1-Benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [R-II]
[Α]D+10.1 to 10.7 ° (C 5.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.)
m. p. 78-80 ° C
S-(-)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [S-II]
[Α]D−10.1 to 10.7 ° (C 5.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.)
m. p. 78-80 ° C
R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI]
[Α]D+ 40.2 ° (C 1.0, EtOH, 25 ° C.)
Optical purity (ee) 99% or more (Daicel Chiralcel OD column)
m. p. 96-98 ° C
S-(-)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [SI]
[Α]D-40.5 ° (C 1.0, EtOH, 25 ° C)
Optical purity (ee) 99% or more (Daicel Chiralcel OD column)
m. p. 96-98 ° C
[0024]
The filtrate from which the first hardly soluble diastereomeric salt was filtered off was concentrated to recover 2-propanol, and the residue was metathesized to recover the resolving agent and 2-phenoxypropionic acid having low optical purity.
[0025]
R-(+)-1-Benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [R-II]
[Α]D+10.1 to 10.7 ° (C 5.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.)
m. p. 78-80 ° C
S-(-)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [S-II]
[Α]D−10.1 to 10.7 ° (C 5.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.)
m. p. 78-80 ° C
R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI]
[Α]D+23 to 28 ° (C 1.0, EtOH, 25 ° C.)
Optical purity (ee) 60-73% (Daicel Chiralcel OD column)
S-(-)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [SI]
[Α]D-23 to 28 ° (C 1.0, EtOH, 25 ° C)
Optical purity (ee) 60-73% (Daicel Chiralcel OD column)
Of course, the optical resolution method of 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] described above is not limited to the above.
[0026]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited by this.
Example 1
16.6 g (0.1 mol) of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I], 25.7 g (0.1 mol) of R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [ R-II] was added to 90 ml of 2-propanol and heated to obtain a uniform solution. A small amount of crystals of R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] was inoculated and allowed to cool to crystallize. I let you. The hardly soluble diastereomeric salt that crystallized out was filtered off with suction and washed with 20 ml of 2-propanol. The crystals were dried to 18.2 g (86%), m.p. p. 115-7 ° C, [α]D+ 17.08 ° (C 5.5, MeOH, 25 ° C.) was obtained. Furthermore, it recrystallizes from 60 ml of 2-propanol, and 16.6 g (91% recovery) [[α]D+ 17.23 ° (C 5.04, MeOH, 25 ° C), m.p. p. 116-117 ° C] pure diastereomeric salt [RR-III].
[0027]
Elemental analysis: Ctwenty fiveH29NOFive(Molecular weight: 423.49)
Calculated values: C: 70.90%, H: 6.90%, N: 3.31%
Experimental values: C: 71.12%, H: 6.88%, N: 3.25%
[0028]
Nuclear magnetic resonance absorption (NMR)
δ 7.30-6.84 (m, 15H, -Ph x 3), 4.59 (q, 1H, PhOC)H-) 4.53-4.28 (broad, 1H, -OH), 4.13-4.17 (m, 1H, OH-C)H-CH2N), 3.86 (q, 2H, CH 2-NH), 3.71 (q, 2H, CH 2-OPh), 2.85 (q, 2H, Ph-CH 2 ), 1.55 (d, 3H, -CHThree)
[0029]
This salt was dissolved in 60 ml of methylene chloride, and stirred with 40 ml of water containing 2 g of NaOH to extract R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] into the aqueous layer. The aqueous layer was washed with methylene chloride, concentrated hydrochloric acid was added, and the oily R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] thus separated was extracted with methylene chloride. The aqueous layer was further extracted twice, and the extracted layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated to obtain R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] in a crystalline form. 6.51 g (quantitative), m. p. 96-98 ° C, [α]D+ 40.23 ° (C 1.04, EtOH, 25 ° C.), optical purity (ee) 99.32% (Daicel Chiralcel OD column). The yield based on the charged RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] was 78.48% of the theoretical value. R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [R-I] extracted from the aqueous layer was washed with water, dried and concentrated, and then 10.1 g (quantitative) of R -(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [R-II] [m. p. 77-78 ° C, [α]D+ 10.61 ° (C 1.07, MeOH, 25 ° C.)].
[0030]
The filtrate from which the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt [RR-III] was first separated was recovered with 2-propanol under reduced pressure, and then the oily residue was dissolved in methylene chloride and extracted with an 80 ml aqueous solution containing 8 g of NaOH. 2-)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [S-I] -excess 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] was obtained. 9.6 g (quantitative), optical purity (ee) 72.9% (Daicel Chiralcel OD column). The methylene chloride layer after separation of 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] was treated according to a conventional method to give a resolving agent R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [R-II] [m. p. 76-78 ° C, [α]D+ 10.13 ° (C 1.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.)] was recovered 14.7 g (quantitative).
[0031]
(Example 2)
Optical purity about 52% ee [[α]DS-(−)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] at −21.11 ° (C 4.01, EtOH, 25 ° C.)] and S-(−)-1-benzylamino- 147 g (0.57 mol) of 3-phenoxy-2-propanol [S-II] was added to 300 ml of 2-propanol and heated to obtain a uniform solution. After cooling, a small amount of crystals of S-(−)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol · S-(−)-2-phenoxypropionate [SS-III] was inoculated to cause crystallization. The mixture was ice-cooled, filtered after completion of crystallization, washed with 2-propanol and dried. Yield 179 g (74.2%), [α]D-16.89 ° (C 4.01, MeOH, 25 ° C). The crystals were recrystallized from 500 ml of 2-propanol and 169 g (recovery rate 94.2%), and further recrystallized from 460 ml of 2-propanol to give 167.4 g (recovery rate 99%) pure diastereomeric salt [ SS-III] was obtained. [Α]D−17.8 ° (C 4.0, MeOH, 25 ° C.), m.p. p. 116-118 ° C.
[0032]
This diastereomeric salt [SS-III] was treated according to the method described in Example 1, and 64.3 g of S-(-) 2-phenoxypropionic acid [SI] [recovery rate 98.2%] Optical purity (ee) 99.6% (Daicel Chiralcel OD column)], S-(-)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [S-II] 101 g (quantitative) were obtained, respectively. It was. First, the filtrate from which the hardly soluble diastereomeric salt was separated was recovered under reduced pressure, and then treated according to the description in Example 1 to obtain R-(+)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI]. 2-phenoxypropionic acid [I] 24.5 g (quantitative) and resolving agent [S-II] 37.6 g (quantitative) were recovered.
[0033]
(Example 3)
16.6 g (0.1 mol) of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I], 25.7 g (0.1 mol) of R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [ R-II] was added to 90 ml of 2-propanol and treated in the same manner as in Example 1. 18.2 g of hardly soluble diastereomer salt [RR-III] [yield 86%, m. p. 115-7 ° C, [α]D−17.08 ° (C 5.5, MeOH, 25 ° C.)]. Recrystallized from 60 ml of 2-propanol, 16.3 g [recovery rate 89%, [α]D+ 17.42 ° (C 5.2, MeOH, 25 ° C), m.p. p. 116-117 ° C] pure diastereomeric salt [RR-III]. The recrystallized mother liquor (90 ml) contained 1.9 g of crude diastereomeric salt [RR-III]. To this mother liquor, 16.6 g (0.1 mol) of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I], 25.7 g (0.1 mol) of R-(+)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2 -Propanol [R-II] was added and the same operation as above was performed. As a result, 21.3 g (100% with respect to the amount charged for the second time) of hardly soluble diastereomeric salt [RR-III] was obtained. m. p. 115-7 ° C, [α]D+ 17.23 ° (C 5.1, MeOH, 25 ° C.). This was recrystallized from 70 ml of 2-propanol to give 20.2 g [95% recovery rate, [α].D+ 17.43 ° (C 5.1, MeOH, 25 ° C), m.p. p. 116-7 [deg.] C.] of pure diastereomeric salt [RR-III]. This diastereomeric salt was treated in a conventional manner to quantitatively obtain R-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RI] and optical resolution agent [R-II] having an optical purity of 99.7% ee.
[0034]
Example 4
16.6 g (0.1 mol) of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I], 25.7 g (0.1 mol) of S-(−)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [ S-II] was added to 90 ml of 2-propanol and treated in the same manner as in Example 1. 18.5 g of a hardly soluble diastereomeric salt [SS-III] [yield 87%, m.p. p. 115-7 ° C, [α]D−17.1 ° (C 5.3, MeOH, 25 ° C.)]. Recrystallized from 60 ml of 2-propanol, 16.6 g (recovery rate 89%) [[α]D-17.4 ° (C 5.2, MeOH, 25 ° C), m.p. p. 116-117 ° C] pure diastereomeric salt [SS-III].
[0035]
(Reference example)
25.7 g (0.1 mol) of RS-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [RS-II] and 16.6 g (0.1 mol) of S-(−)-2-phenoxypropionic acid [ S-I] was added to 90 ml of 2-propanol and treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 18.3 g (yield 86%) [m. p. 115-7 ° C, [α]D−17.3 ° (C 5.1, MeOH, 25 ° C.)]. Recrystallized from 66 ml of 2-propanol, 16.1 g (recovery rate 88%) [[α]D-17.4 ° (C 5.5, MeOH, 25 ° C), m. p. 116-117 ° C] pure diastereomeric salt [SS-III]. This product was metathesized in the usual manner to give a resolving agent [SI] and S-(-)-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol [S-II] [m. p. 78-80 ° C, [α]D−10.6 ° (C 5.2, MeOH, 25 ° C.)] was obtained quantitatively.
[0036]
2-Phenoxypropionic acid optical purity analysis method
Column: Dairal Chemical Co., Ltd. Chiralcel-OD 4.6φmm × 25.0cm
Carrier: hexane: 2-propanol = 9: 1, containing 1.0% formic acid
Detector: UV270nm
Flow rate: 0.5 ml / min
Injection sample: 2-phenoxypropionic acid 10 mg / 50 ml carrier
Sample injection volume: 20 μl
Column temperature: room temperature
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid which gives good results for optical resolution of RS-2-methylpiperazine can be produced industrially advantageously. Rarely soluble diastereomer using optically active 1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S-II]) for RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] The salt [III] is obtained in high yield, and the metathesis of the salt can also be carried out in high yield. From this, the objective optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] and [SI] ) Can be obtained quantitatively. The method of the present invention is extremely advantageous in terms of the substrate selectivity of the optical resolving agent and the difference in solubility between both diastereomeric salts. As a result, the steps of reaction, separation, recovery and the like are easy, and industrial production is easy. Can also be supported.
Therefore, optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) itself is used as a pharmaceutical, agricultural chemical, liquid crystal material, and has a novel use as an optical resolving agent for obtaining optically active amines. Because it is expected, it contributes greatly to the industry.

Claims (5)

R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕を有機溶媒に溶解乃至懸濁し、攪拌下に小過剰量のアルカリ水溶液を加えて複分解し、生成したR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸アルカリ塩又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸アルカリ塩を水層に抽出し、抽出層を酸性にして分離したR−又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を濾過又は有機溶媒で抽出することによって、光学的に純粋な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸を製造する方法。  R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2-phenoxypropion The acid salt [SS-III] was dissolved or suspended in an organic solvent, and a metathesis was made by adding a small excess amount of an alkaline aqueous solution with stirring to produce R-2 phenoxypropionic acid alkali salt or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid. By extracting the alkali salt into an aqueous layer, separating the R- or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) separated by acidifying the extraction layer by filtration or extraction with an organic solvent A method for producing optically pure 2-phenoxypropionic acid. R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕を,RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを低級アルコールまたは低級ケトン中で混合し、加熱溶解後冷却して分離した結晶性の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩(〔RR−III 〕又は〔SS−III 〕)を濾取することによって製造することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光学的に純粋な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を製造する方法。  R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2-phenoxypropion The acid salt [SS-III] was converted to RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S-II]. ]) Are mixed in a lower alcohol or a lower ketone, dissolved by heating and then cooled and separated to separate a crystalline hardly soluble diastereomeric salt ([RR-III] or [SS-III]). The method for producing optically pure 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) according to claim 1, wherein R−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕を,光学的純度の低いR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを低級アルコールまたは低級ケトン中で混合し、加熱溶解後冷却して分離した結晶性の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩(〔RR−III 〕又は〔SS−III 〕)を濾取することによって製造することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光学的に純粋な2−フェノキシプロピオン酸(〔R−I〕又は〔S−I〕)を製造する方法。R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2-phenoxypropion The acid salt [SS-III] was converted to R-2-phenoxypropionic acid or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid with low optical purity and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R -II] or [S-II]) respectively equimolar mixed with a lower alcohol or a lower ketone of, after heated and dissolved and cooled separated crystals of sparingly soluble diastereomer salt ([RR-III] or The optically pure 2-phenoxypropionic acid ([RI] or [SI]) according to claim 1, which is produced by filtering [SS-III]). How to elephants. RS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸〔RS−I〕とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを、低級アルコールまたは低級ケトン中で混合し、加熱溶解後冷却して分離した結晶性の難溶性ジアステレオマー塩を濾取して得られるR−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔RR−III 〕又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩〔SS−III 〕の製造方法。  Each equimolar amount of RS-2-phenoxypropionic acid [RS-I] and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S-II]) R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol R—obtained by filtering a crystalline hardly soluble diastereomeric salt separated by mixing in an alcohol or lower ketone, followed by dissolution after heating and cooling. A method for producing 2-phenoxypropionate [RR-III] or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2-phenoxypropionate [SS-III]. 光学的純度の低いR−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸又はS−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸とR−又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール(〔R−II〕又は〔S−II〕)の夫々等モルを、請求項4に記載した方法で処理するR−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・R−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩又はS−1−ベンジルアミノ−3−フェノキシ−2−プロパノール・S−2−フェノキシプロピオン酸塩(〔RR−III 〕又は〔SS−III 〕)の製造方法。  R-2-phenoxypropionic acid or S-2-phenoxypropionic acid with low optical purity and R- or S-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol ([R-II] or [S-II] R-1-benzylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanol / R-2-phenoxypropionate or S-1-benzylamino-3-treated in the same manner as in claim 4. A method for producing phenoxy-2-propanol / S-2-phenoxypropionate ([RR-III] or [SS-III]).
JP33987696A 1996-12-19 1996-12-19 Process for producing optically active 2-phenoxypropionic acid Expired - Lifetime JP4093608B2 (en)

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