JP4084611B2

JP4084611B2 - Building exterior structure

Info

Publication number: JP4084611B2
Application number: JP2002194784A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和幸西澤; 秀雄山田
Original assignee: 元旦ビューティ工業株式会社
Priority date: 2002-07-03
Filing date: 2002-07-03
Publication date: 2008-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-03
Also published as: JP2004036223A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、外装面を構築するための外装材又は上部外装構造を支持する支持材を保持する保持部材の取付構造をその構造中に含む外装構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、外装面（屋根面）を施工するには、外装材（屋根材）を固定又は保持するための保持部材を、下地である構造材に、ボルト等による締着や溶接等の接着によって固定し、その後、必要に応じて断熱材などを敷設して外装材（屋根材）を敷設していた。即ち外装面（屋根面）の取付強度及び安定性は、保持部材と構造材の取付安定性に大きく影響されるものであった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、保持部材を構造材にボルト等による締着によって固定する場合には、構造材にボルト等の締着具を貫通させるための孔を予め設ける必要がある上、締着具が構造材の裏面（フランジの下面側）に位置するため極めて作業性が悪いものであった。
また、保持部材を構造材に溶接によって固定する場合には、より具体的には構造材の固定箇所に墨出しを行い、その墨出し線に対して保持部材を溶接して固定するので、溶接時の墨出し線に対してずれが生じると位置がずれて働き幅が変わり、その結果、外装材の組み付け不良を起こすという問題があった。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記に鑑み提案されたもので、屋根面の支持構造を備える建築物の外装構造であって、上フランジ部を有する構造材と上フランジ部に立設する保持部材の取付構造をその構造中に含み、前記構造材は、上フランジ部と、該上フランジ部から垂下する縦片部と、該縦片部の下端に下フランジ部とを有し、前記保持部材は、少なくとも１つ以上の係止部を備える取付部と、該取付部から上方へ延在して保持部側と取付部側とを断熱的に接続する起立部と、該起立部の上端に設けられ、屋根面を構築するための外装材又は上部外装構造を支持する支持材が取り付けられる保持部とを有し、構造材の上フランジ部と保持部材の取付部は係止と固定の２つの手段によって取り付けられる取付構造をその構造中に含み、構造材の下フランジ部にはマイナスイオン発生機能、遠赤外線放射機能、断熱、吸音、遮音、防耐火から選ばれる１つ以上の特性を有する機能性ボードが取り付けられ、該機能性ボードの上に断熱材が敷設され、該断熱材上に保持部が位置することを特徴とする建築物の外装構造に関するものである。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１，２に示す外装構造は、本発明の取付構造の一実施例を含むものであり、その要部（３倍拡大図）は図３に示す通りである。以下に、本発明の取付構造に用いる構造材１及び保持部材２について、更に外装構造に用いたその他の部材である外装材５、カバー材６、断熱材７、機能性ボード８について説明する。
【０００６】
本発明に用いる構造材１は、上フランジ部１１と、そこから垂下する縦片部１２とを備える構成であり、図示実施例の構造材１は更に縦片部１２の下端に下フランジ部１３を備えている。
この構造材１は、複数の軽量型鋼を溶接やボルト締め等により一体に形成したものでも良いし、Ｃ型鋼等の軽量型鋼そのものを構造材として良いし、或いはアルミの押出成形体でも良いし、図１〜３の実施例のように亜鉛メッキ鋼板をロール成形したものでも良い。
【０００７】
上フランジ部１１は、図１〜３の実施例のように左右の何れか一方（内側か外側）に延出するものでも良いし、両方に延出するものでもよく、後述する保持部材２の固定箇所である。尚、構造材１を屋根の傾斜勾配に直交するように配設する態様において、左右の何れか一方のみに上フランジ部１１を延出させる場合には、軒側に上フランジ部１１が延出するように配設する。
【０００８】
縦片部１２は、図１〜３の実施例のように二重で隙間を有する構成としても良いし、単層板状に形成しても良い。そして、図示実施例のようにＬ型のアングル材３の縦片３１を縦片部１２の隙間に挿入して挟持状に固定し、これを横鋼材４などに固定しても良い。また、縦片部１２には開口部を形成しても良い。この開口部は楕円形、円形等どのような形状でも良く、適宜間隔で設ければ良い。この開口部は、Ｌ型のアングル材の取付孔として用いても良いし、図示しない天井材等、或いは天井材等を支持する受材、或いは受材を連結させる連結材などを取り付ける取付孔として用いても良い。或いは図示しない照明や太陽電池等の電気配線、その他の配線・配管などを通すようにしても良い。
【０００９】
本発明に用いる保持部材２は、屋根面等の外装面を構築する外装材５、或いは上部外装構造を支持するための支持材９を取り付け保持するための部材であって、働き幅方向（左右方向）において位置を規制するための係止部２１１を少なくとも１つ以上備える取付部２１と、該取付部２１から上方へ延在する起立部２２と、外装材５又は支持材９が取り付けられる保持部（外装材保持部２３、支持材保持部２６）を有する構成であって、図示実施例の保持部材２は下方に位置する断熱金具２Ａと上方に位置する受金具２Ｂの複数部材をボルトの締着により組み合わせる構成であるが、溶接等の接着によって組み合わせるものでも良いし、一部材からなるものでも良い。
断熱金具２Ａは、取付部２１と起立部２２を備える構成であり、受金具２Ｂは、外装材保持部２３を備える構成である。
【００１０】
図示実施例の断熱金具２Ａは、取付部２１と起立部２２を備える構成である。取付部２１に設ける係止部２１１は、図３（ｃ）に示すように垂下片に溝を設けた態様でも良いし、後述する図４に示すように取付部２１の一辺を裏面内側に折曲した態様でも良い。尚、図示実施例の取付部２１には、構造材１の縦片部１２に当接する垂下状の規制部２１２を形成したが、この規制部２１２は働き幅方向（左右方向）において係止部２１１と逆方向の位置規制を行うものであり、図では係止部２１１が取付部２１の右側方向へのずれを防止するのに対し、規制部２１２は左側方向へのずれを防止する。さらに係止部２１１は、係止、係合、嵌合等の如何なる態様であっても良く、例えば嵌合の例としては、後述する図５に示すように構造材１の上フランジ部１１の外側端に膨出部１１１を設けてその膨出部１１１と保持部材２の係止部２１１が弾性嵌合するようにしても良い。
起立部２２は、図示実施例では樹脂製の筒体とし、上方の外装材保持部２３側と下方の取付部２１側とを断熱するものとした。起立部２２の上端には受金具２Ｂと連結するためのボルト２２１が一体に取り付けられている。
【００１１】
図示実施例の受金具２Ｂは、外装材５が取り付けられる外装材保持部２３を備える構成である。
この受金具２Ｂは、後述する外装材５の寸法、所要強度等に応じて通常０.６乃至３.２mm程度のステンレス鋼板やメッキ鋼板等をプレス加工する等して成形され、図３（ｂ）に示すようにそれぞれ前後に左右対称形状に形成された受け部分２４が起立する断面Ｕ字状に成形されたピース材であり、施工に際しては底面部分２５を前記断熱金具２Ａと接合（ボルト２２１ナット２２２による締着）する。そして、受け部分２４の上端（第２被係合部２３２）及び左右側縁（第１被係合部２３１）には、外装材５と弾性係合（嵌合）する外装材保持部２３が設けられている。尚、外装材保持部２３は、外装材５が取り付けられるものであれば、使用する外装材５の形状等に応じてどのような形状としても良い。
【００１２】
図示実施例の外装材５は、１つの谷部（平面部５１）と、左右側縁に取付手段を有する成形部５２とを備える縦葺き折板であって、代表的には概ね０.４〜１.６mm程度の表面化粧鋼板、ステンレス鋼板、ラミネート鋼板、溶融亜鉛メッキ鋼板やガルバリウム鋼板等の防錆処理鋼板、特殊鋼及び非鉄金属、アルミ合金板、鉛板、亜鉛板、チタン合金板、銅板等の公知の金属素材をロール成形やプレス成形、その他の手段で所定の形状に成形される。尚、外装材５の左右側縁の成形部５２に設けられる取付手段は、前記第１被係合部２３１及び第２被係合部２３２にそれぞれ弾性係合する断面略く字状の第１係合部５２１及び断面Ｕ字状の第２係合部５２２であるが、これに限定されるものではなく、嵌合、ハゼ締め、ビス等の固定具による直止め等の公知の取付手段を備えていれば良い。即ち前記保持部材２にて保持されるものであれば形状等についても公知のどのようなものでも良く、例えば縦葺き、横葺き、折板等の屋根構造でも良いし、太陽電池パネル、緑化構造であっても良く、その構成は特に限定するものではない。
【００１３】
図示実施例のカバー材６は、前記外装材５と同様の素材からなり、左右側縁に外装材５に弾性嵌合するための取付手段が設けられている。
【００１４】
図示実施例の断熱材７は、非透水性材からなり、１以上の山部７１と、左右側縁に平坦部７２を備え、表面には、流れ方向に沿って複数の排水溝７２１が形成されており、端部に隣接する断熱材７と重合可能な重合部７２２及び被重合部７２３が設けられ、且つ重合部分内に排水用の空間部７２４が形成される構成である。この場合、排水溝７２１及び空間部７２４にて雨水を排水でき、断熱材７の裏面側（室内側）に雨水が至ることがない。また、同様に流れ方向の端縁にも、軒棟方向に隣接する断熱材７と重合可能な重合部７２５及び被重合部７２６を設けた。
そして、施工後の外装構造では、断熱材７の山部７１上には隣接する外装材５，５の側縁が、断熱材７，７の接続部分上には外装材５の谷部（平面部５１）が位置するように敷設する。
【００１５】
図示実施例の機能性ボード８は、室内側へマイナスイオンを放出するマイナスイオン発生機能並びに遠赤外線を放射する遠赤外線放射機能を建材に付与した構成である。この機能性ボード（マイナスイオン発生建材）８から発生するマイナスイオン及び遠赤外線は、室内側へ放出、放射される。
具体的にはアクリル酸の共重合エマルジョンを主成分とする水性塗料（元旦フューテック株式会社製フュアコートＦＸ）に、導電材として粉末状炭素繊維（東レ株式会社製トスカ）を、水性塗料１００重量部に対して１０重量部添加すると共に、ガーネット５wt％とジルコニウム、バリウム、ランタン、セリウム、ネオジウム等の鉱物焼成による酸化物からなる励起材９５wt％からなる混合微粉末（平均粒径５μm）を１０重量部添加して充分に撹拌混合して作製した液状組成物を、元旦ビューティ工業株式会社製元旦ボード４０mm（木毛セメント板）にコーティングし、充分に乾燥させた。
その他にも機能性ボード８としては、断熱、吸音、遮音、防耐火から選ばれる１つ以上の特性を有する板状成形体であって、グラスウール、発泡樹脂等からなるマット状又はボード状等の断熱材、吸音材、防火材、或いは各種素材を用いることができ、単一材質からなるものでも、異材質の積層体であっても良く、さらには硬質でも軟質であっても良く、その厚みについても適宜設定すればよい。
尚、図示しないが、機能性ボード８の下面（室内側）又は上面（屋根側）、或いはその両方に、受け材として複数のワイヤー、Ｔジョイナー、鋼棒材、フラットバー等を適宜間隔で配置したり、金網、パンチングメタル、メッシュ（落下防止用ネット）等を配設したり、これらを組み合わせて用いることにより、機能性ボード８やその上に配される断熱材７の撓み、変形、落下等を防止するようにしても良い。
【００１６】
このような各部材から構成される図１，２の外装構造は、適宜間隔で構造材１を横鋼材４上に配設した後、構造材１の下フランジ部１３に機能性ボード８を取り付け、続いて構造材１の上フランジ部１１に断熱金具２Ａの取付部２１を固定する。その際、取付部２１には係止部２１１及び規制部２１２が設けられているので、取付部２１を傾斜させた状態でまず上フランジ部１１の先端に係止部２１１を係合させ、次に係止部２１１を支点として回動させて規制部２１２を縦片部１２に当接させることができ、係止部２１１及び規制部２１２で嵌合状に取り付けられる。そのため、上フランジ部１１に対して適正な位置に取付部２１を位置規制することができる。この状態で溶接等の接着、或いは取付部２１に設けた取付孔２１３の上方からビス等を挿入して止着することにより、取付部２１を適性位置にて上フランジ部１１に一体に固定することができる。その後、断熱材７を配し、断熱金具２Ａに受金具２Ｂを取り付け（ボルト２２１ナット２２２による締着）、さらに外装材５を敷設し、カバー材６を取り付けて施工される。
【００１７】
このように本発明の取付構造及び外装構造は、保持部材２の構造材１への固定が係止部２１１による係止（位置規制）を伴うものであるため、現場での作業手間が著しく削減され、作業性が極めて良好である。特に図示実施例では係止部２１１に加えて規制部２１２をも設けて嵌合状に取り付けられるようにしたので、ボルト等による締着や溶接等の接着により固定する作業時に左右方向（働き幅方向）にずれ動いたりすることがなく適切に作業を行うことができる。
また、図示実施例では起立部２２が上方の外装材保持部２３側と下方の取付部２１側とを断熱するものとしたので、外装面からの熱を室内側へ伝熱することがなく、断熱性が高く、夏季の冷房効率、冬季の暖房効率を低下させることがないものである。
【００１８】
また、図示実施例の外装構造は、外装材５の側縁と断熱材７の側縁を鉛直方向のずれた位置に配して敷設したため、外装材の側縁からの侵入水が断熱材７の側縁に至ることがなく、断熱材７の裏側へ回り込むことがない。また、外装材５を２重に構築していないので、経済的にも優れている。
【００１９】
図４、図５に示す保持部材２は、取付部２１の構成が異なる以外は、前記図１〜３の実施例と全く同様である。
【００２０】
図４における取付部２１には、取付部２１の一辺（図面左側）を裏面内側に折曲した態様の係止部２１１が設けられ、この係止部２１１と規制部２１２とで弾性嵌合状に上フランジ部１１に取り付けられる。この取付部２１の上フランジ部１１への取り付けは、前記図１〜３の実施例と同様に行っても良いし、或いは先に規制部２１２を縦片部１２に当接させ、その状態で係止部２１１を弾性に抗して広げて上フランジ部１１の先端に係合させるようにしても良い。尚、規制部２１２の縦片部１２への当接は、面で接触するものでも、線や点で部分的に接触するものでも良く、弾性力によるものでも良い。
【００２１】
図５は、構造材１の上フランジ部１１の外側端に膨出部（被係合部）１１１を設け、その膨出部１１１と係合（弾性嵌合）する空部を有するような係止部兼規制部２１１（２１２）を形成した。この取付部２１の上フランジ部１１への取り付けは、取付部２１を上フランジ部１１の先端側から略水平状にスライドさせるだけで良い。尚、膨出部１１１に代えて窪み状の被係合部を設けても良く、また上フランジ部１１の外側端に限定するものではなく、例えば上フランジ部１１の裏面の途中に設けても良い。それに応じて係止部兼規制部２１１（２１２）も被係合部１１１と係合可能であれば形状は限定するものでなく、凹凸の係合関係であっても、凹又は凸に対して係合する爪（返し片）状などであっても良い。また係合は弾性力によるものでも良い。
【００２２】
図６は、保持部材２が図示しない上部外装構造を支持する支持材９を取り付け保持する支持材保持部２６を備える構成であって、それ以外の構成は、前記図１〜３の実施例とほぼ同様であるから図面に同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
即ちこの図示実施例の保持部材２は、前記構成の断熱金具２Ａの上部に受金具２Ｂに代えて取付金具２Ｃを組み合わせ、さらに支持材９の取り付けに際して定着用金具２Ｄを組み合わせる構成であり、これら取付金具２Ｃ及び定着用金具２Ｄにより支持材９を保持する支持材保持部２６が形成される。
図示実施例の支持材９は、断面略ハット型で、内側へ湾曲した係合部９１及び底片部９２が左右に設けられる形状であり、この支持材９が支持する上部外装構造はどのような構成でも良い。
また、取付金具２Ｃは、前後に左右対称形状に形成された起立部分２７が対向すると共に底面部分２８から左右に延在して左右側縁に折返し部２９が形成されたピース材であり、施工に際しては底面部分２８を断熱金具２Ａと接合（ボルト２２１ナット２２２による締着）する。
定着用金具２Ｄは、断面略ハット型の支持材９を配した状態で取り付けるものであり、前後方向にスライドさせて左右端が係合部９１の外側及び折返し部２９に噛合状に取り付けられる。
そして、起立部分２７の左右に形成された被係合部に、支持材９の係合部９１（の内側）が弾性的に嵌合し、支持材９の底片部９２を取付金具２Ｃ（の左右の延在片）と定着用金具２Ｄの間に挟み込むように取り付ける。したがって、支持材保持部２６とは、具体的にはこれら被係合部及び取付金具２Ｃと定着用金具２Ｄの間を指す。
また、図示実施例では２種の断熱材７Ａ，７Ｂが用いられ、上面側に配される断熱材７Ａが、前記図１〜３の実施例における非透水性材からなる断熱材７に相当する。即ち表面には、流れ方向に沿って複数の排水溝７３が形成され、端部に隣接する断熱材７Ａと重合可能な重合部７４及び被重合部７５が設けられ、且つそれぞれの先端には凸部７４１，７５１が設けられ、重合部分内に排水用の空間部７６が形成される構成である。そして、排水溝７３及び空間部７６にて雨水を排水でき、断熱材７Ａの裏面側（室内側）に雨水が至ることがない。このような断熱材７Ａにて形成される下部外装構造に対し、図示しないが上部外装構造を支持材９に取り付け支持させると、二重の外装構造となり、二重の外装構造が構築されることとなり、雨仕舞性や耐久性に優れたものとなる。
【００２３】
以上本発明を図面の実施の形態に基づいて説明したが、本発明は前記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載の構成を変更しない限りどのようにでも実施することができる。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の取付構造及び外装構造は、保持部材の係止部を構造材に係止させるので、現場での作業工程が大幅に削減され、作業性が極めて良好である。即ち保持部材をボルト等による締着によって固定する場合には従来のように位置調整をしながら締着具を構造材の裏面に位置させる必要がなく、締着具を保持部材の取付部上から締着することができ、また保持部材を溶接等による接着によって固定する場合にも従来のように墨出しなどを行う必要がなく、適正な位置で固定することができ、外装材の組み付け不良を起こす虞もない。
【００２５】
保持部材が、構造材の縦片部に当接する規制部を有する場合や、構造材に被係合部を設けて該被係合部と係合する係止部兼規制部を保持部材に設けた場合には、係止部のみで係止させる場合に比べてより安定に位置規制することができ、左右方向の動きが規制され、固定作業時に働き幅方向にずれることがなく、適切に作業を行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の取付構造の一実施例を含む外装構造を示す正面図である。
【図２】図１の外装構造の側断面図である。
【図３】（ａ）図１，２の外装構造に用いた取付構造を示す正面図、（ｂ）それに用いた受け金具の正面図、平面図、側面図、（ｃ）それに用いた断熱金具の正面図、平面図、側面図、（ｄ）それに用いた構造材の正面図である。
【図４】（ａ）他の取付構造の一実施例を示す正面図、（ｂ）それに用いた取付部の正面図、平面図、側面図である。
【図５】（ａ）他の取付構造の一実施例を示す正面図、（ｂ）それに用いた取付部の正面図、平面図、側面図である。
【図６】上部外装構造を欠載した他の取付構造の一実施例を示す正面図である。
【符号の説明】
１構造材
１１上フランジ部
１２縦片部
２保持部材
２１取付部
２１１係止部
２２起立部
２３外装材保持部
２６支持材保持部
５外装材
６カバー材
７断熱材
８機能性ボード[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exterior structure including an attachment structure for holding a support member for holding an exterior material for constructing an exterior surface or a support material for supporting an upper exterior structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to construct an exterior surface (roof surface), a holding member for fixing or retaining the exterior material (roof material) is bonded to the underlying structural material by fastening such as bolts or welding. After that, the exterior material (roof material) was laid by laying a heat insulating material or the like as necessary. That is, the mounting strength and stability of the exterior surface (roof surface) are greatly influenced by the mounting stability of the holding member and the structural material.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the holding member is fixed to the structural material by fastening with a bolt or the like, it is necessary to previously provide a hole for allowing the bolt or the like to pass through the structural material. Since it is located on the back surface (lower surface side of the flange), workability was extremely poor.
In addition, when fixing the holding member to the structural material by welding, more specifically, marking is performed on the fixing portion of the structural material, and the holding member is welded and fixed to the marking line. When a deviation occurs with respect to the ink marking line at the time, the position is displaced and the working width is changed. As a result, there is a problem in that the exterior material is not assembled correctly.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and is an exterior structure of a building including a support structure for a roof surface, and includes a structure material having an upper flange portion and a mounting structure for a holding member standing on the upper flange portion. In the structure, the structural material includes an upper flange portion, a vertical piece portion depending from the upper flange portion, and a lower flange portion at a lower end of the vertical piece portion, and the holding member is at least 1 A mounting portion provided with two or more locking portions, an upright portion extending upward from the mounting portion to adiabatically connect the holding portion side and the mounting portion side, and provided at an upper end of the upright portion, And a holding portion to which a supporting material for supporting the outer covering structure or the upper covering structure is attached. The upper flange portion of the structural material and the attaching portion of the holding member are attached by two means of locking and fixing. In the lower flange part of the structural material. A functional board having one or more characteristics selected from a negative ion generation function, a far-infrared radiation function, heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, and fireproofing is attached, and a heat insulating material is laid on the functional board. The present invention relates to an exterior structure of a building characterized in that a holding portion is positioned on a material .
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The exterior structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes an embodiment of the mounting structure of the present invention, and its main part (3-fold enlarged view) is as shown in FIG. Below, the structural material 1 and the holding member 2 used for the mounting structure of the present invention will be described with respect to the exterior material 5, the cover material 6, the heat insulating material 7, and the functional board 8, which are other members used for the exterior structure.
[0006]
The structural material 1 used in the present invention is configured to include an upper flange portion 11 and a vertical piece portion 12 depending therefrom, and the structural material 1 of the illustrated embodiment further has a lower flange portion 13 at the lower end of the vertical piece portion 12. It has.
This structural material 1 may be formed by integrally forming a plurality of lightweight steels by welding, bolting, or the like, or may be a lightweight steel such as C-type steel itself as a structural material, or may be an extruded aluminum body. A galvanized steel sheet may be roll-formed as in the embodiment of FIGS.
[0007]
The upper flange portion 11 may extend either to the left or right (inner side or outer side) as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, or may extend to both sides. It is a fixed part. In addition, in the aspect which arrange | positions the structural material 1 so as to be orthogonal to the inclination of a roof, when extending the upper flange part 11 only to either one of right and left, the upper flange part 11 is extended to the eaves side. It arrange | positions so that it may do.
[0008]
The vertical piece 12 may be configured to have a double gap as in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3 or may be formed in a single-layer plate shape. Then, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, the vertical piece 31 of the L-shaped angle member 3 may be inserted into the gap between the vertical piece portions 12 and fixed in a sandwiched manner, and this may be fixed to the horizontal steel member 4 or the like. Further, an opening may be formed in the vertical piece 12. The opening may have any shape such as an ellipse or a circle, and may be provided at an appropriate interval. This opening may be used as an attachment hole for an L-shaped angle member, or as an attachment hole for attaching a ceiling material (not shown), a receiving material for supporting the ceiling material, or a connecting material for connecting the receiving material. It may be used. Or you may make it let electrical wiring, such as illumination which is not shown in figure, a solar cell, and other wiring and piping pass.
[0009]
The holding member 2 used in the present invention is a member for attaching and holding an exterior material 5 for constructing an exterior surface such as a roof surface, or a support material 9 for supporting an upper exterior structure, and has a working width direction (left and right) Direction), a mounting portion 21 provided with at least one locking portion 211 for regulating the position, a standing portion 22 extending upward from the mounting portion 21, and the holding member 5 or the support material 9 attached thereto. The holding member 2 in the illustrated embodiment includes a plurality of members of a heat-insulating metal fitting 2A positioned below and a receiving metal fitting 2B positioned above. Although it is the structure combined by fastening, it may be combined by adhesion such as welding, or may be composed of one member.
The heat insulating metal fitting 2 </ b> A is configured to include the attachment portion 21 and the upright portion 22, and the metal fitting 2 </ b> B is configured to include the exterior material holding portion 23.
[0010]
The heat insulating metal fitting 2 </ b> A in the illustrated embodiment is configured to include a mounting portion 21 and an upright portion 22. As shown in FIG. 3C, the locking portion 211 provided in the attachment portion 21 may be provided with a groove in the hanging piece, or one side of the attachment portion 21 is folded inside the back surface as shown in FIG. A curved form may be used. In the illustrated embodiment, the attachment portion 21 is formed with a hanging restriction portion 212 that abuts the vertical piece portion 12 of the structural member 1. This restriction portion 212 is a locking portion in the working width direction (left-right direction). In the drawing, the locking portion 211 prevents the mounting portion 21 from shifting in the right direction, whereas the limiting portion 212 prevents shifting in the left direction. Further, the locking portion 211 may be in any form such as locking, engagement, fitting, etc. For example, as an example of the fitting, as shown in FIG. A bulging portion 111 may be provided at the outer end, and the bulging portion 111 and the locking portion 211 of the holding member 2 may be elastically fitted.
In the illustrated embodiment, the upright portion 22 is a resin cylinder and insulates the upper exterior material holding portion 23 side and the lower mounting portion 21 side. A bolt 221 for connecting to the bracket 2B is integrally attached to the upper end of the upright portion 22.
[0011]
The receiving metal fitting 2B of the illustrated embodiment is configured to include an exterior material holding portion 23 to which the exterior material 5 is attached.
This receiving metal fitting 2B is formed by pressing a stainless steel plate or a plated steel plate or the like of about 0.6 to 3.2 mm, depending on the dimensions, required strength, etc. of the exterior member 5 described later, as shown in FIG. ), Each piece is formed in a U-shaped cross section in which a receiving portion 24 formed in a symmetrical shape on the front and rear is erected, and the bottom portion 25 is joined to the heat-insulating metal fitting 2A (bolt 221) at the time of construction. Fasten with nut 222). The exterior material holding portion 23 that elastically engages (fits) the exterior material 5 is provided at the upper end (second engaged portion 232) and the left and right side edges (first engaged portion 231) of the receiving portion 24. Is provided. The exterior material holding portion 23 may have any shape depending on the shape of the exterior material 5 to be used as long as the exterior material 5 is attached.
[0012]
The exterior material 5 of the illustrated embodiment is a vertically folded plate including one valley portion (plane portion 51) and a molded portion 52 having attachment means on the left and right side edges, and is typically approximately 0.4. ~ 1.6mm surface decorative steel plate, stainless steel plate, laminated steel plate, rust-proof steel plate such as hot dip galvanized steel plate and galvalume steel plate, special steel and non-ferrous metal, aluminum alloy plate, lead plate, zinc plate, titanium alloy plate, A known metal material such as a copper plate is formed into a predetermined shape by roll forming, press forming, or other means. Note that the attachment means provided in the molding part 52 at the left and right side edges of the exterior member 5 is a first section having a substantially square shape in cross section that elastically engages with the first engaged part 231 and the second engaged part 232, respectively. The engaging portion 521 and the second engaging portion 522 having a U-shaped cross section are not limited to this, and well-known attachment means such as fitting, gouge fastening, and direct fixing with a fixing tool such as a screw may be used. It only has to be prepared. That is, as long as it is held by the holding member 2, any known shape may be used, for example, a roof structure such as a vertical wall, a horizontal wall, a folded plate, a solar cell panel, a greening structure, etc. The configuration is not particularly limited.
[0013]
The cover material 6 of the illustrated embodiment is made of the same material as the exterior material 5 and is provided with attachment means for elastically fitting to the exterior material 5 on the left and right side edges.
[0014]
The heat insulating material 7 in the illustrated embodiment is made of a water-impermeable material and includes one or more peaks 71 and flat portions 72 on the left and right side edges, and a plurality of drain grooves 721 are formed on the surface along the flow direction. In this configuration, the heat insulating material 7 adjacent to the end portion, a polymerizable portion 722 that can be polymerized, and a polymerized portion 723 are provided, and a space portion 724 for drainage is formed in the overlapped portion. In this case, rainwater can be drained by the drainage groove 721 and the space portion 724, and rainwater does not reach the back surface side (indoor side) of the heat insulating material 7. Similarly, a superposition part 725 and a superposition part 726 capable of being superposed on the heat insulating material 7 adjacent to the eaves-ridge direction were also provided at the edge in the flow direction.
And in the exterior structure after construction, the side edge of the adjacent exterior materials 5 and 5 is on the peak portion 71 of the heat insulating material 7, and the valley portion (planar surface) of the exterior material 5 is on the connection portion of the heat insulating materials 7 and 7. Laying so that part 51) is located.
[0015]
The functional board 8 in the illustrated embodiment has a structure in which a negative ion generating function for emitting negative ions to the indoor side and a far infrared radiation function for radiating far infrared radiation are added to the building material. Negative ions and far infrared rays generated from the functional board (negative ion generating building material) 8 are emitted and emitted to the indoor side.
Specifically, water-based paint (New Year's Futec Co., Ltd., Furecoat FX) containing a copolymer emulsion of acrylic acid as a main component, powdered carbon fiber (Tosca Co., Ltd., Toray Co., Ltd.) as a conductive material, 10 parts by weight of garnet and 10 wt. Of mixed fine powder (average particle size 5 μm) consisting of 5 wt.% Garnet and 95 wt.% Exciter composed of oxides of minerals such as zirconium, barium, lanthanum, cerium and neodymium. A liquid composition prepared by adding a part and mixing thoroughly was coated on New Year's Day Board 40 mm (wooden cement board) made by New Year Beauty Industry Co. , Ltd. and dried sufficiently.
In addition, the functional board 8 is a plate-like molded body having one or more characteristics selected from heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, fireproofing and fireproofing, such as a mat or board made of glass wool, foamed resin or the like. A heat insulating material, a sound absorbing material, a fireproofing material, or various materials can be used, which may be a single material or a laminate of different materials, and may be hard or soft, and its thickness What is necessary is just to set suitably about.
Although not shown, a plurality of wires, T-joiners, steel bars, flat bars, etc. are arranged at appropriate intervals on the lower surface (inside the room) and / or the upper surface (the roof side) of the functional board 8 as receiving materials. Or by arranging a wire net, punching metal, mesh (drop prevention net), etc., or using them in combination, the functional board 8 or the heat insulating material 7 disposed on the functional board 8 is bent, deformed or dropped. Etc. may be prevented.
[0016]
In the exterior structure of FIGS. 1 and 2 constituted by such members, after the structural material 1 is disposed on the horizontal steel material 4 at appropriate intervals, the functional board 8 is attached to the lower flange portion 13 of the structural material 1. Subsequently, the mounting portion 21 of the heat insulating metal fitting 2 </ b> A is fixed to the upper flange portion 11 of the structural material 1. At that time, since the attaching portion 21 is provided with the engaging portion 211 and the restricting portion 212, the engaging portion 211 is first engaged with the tip of the upper flange portion 11 in a state in which the attaching portion 21 is inclined. Thus, the restricting portion 212 can be rotated with the engaging portion 211 as a fulcrum to bring the restricting portion 212 into contact with the vertical piece portion 12, and the engaging portion 211 and the restricting portion 212 are attached in a fitting manner. Therefore, it is possible to restrict the position of the attachment portion 21 at an appropriate position with respect to the upper flange portion 11. In this state, the attachment portion 21 is fixed to the upper flange portion 11 at an appropriate position by bonding such as welding, or by inserting and fixing a screw or the like from above the attachment hole 213 provided in the attachment portion 21. be able to. Thereafter, the heat insulating material 7 is arranged, the metal fitting 2B is attached to the heat insulating metal fitting 2A (fastening with bolts 221 and nuts 222), the exterior material 5 is further laid, and the cover material 6 is attached.
[0017]
As described above, in the mounting structure and the exterior structure of the present invention, the fixing of the holding member 2 to the structural material 1 involves the locking (position restriction) by the locking portion 211, so that the labor on site is significantly reduced. Workability is very good. In particular, in the illustrated embodiment, the restricting portion 212 is also provided in addition to the locking portion 211 so that the fitting portion can be attached. It is possible to work properly without shifting in the direction).
In the illustrated embodiment, the upright portion 22 insulates the upper exterior material holding portion 23 side and the lower attachment portion 21 side, so that heat from the exterior surface is not transferred to the indoor side, It has high heat insulation and does not reduce the cooling efficiency in summer and the heating efficiency in winter.
[0018]
Further, in the exterior structure of the illustrated embodiment, the side edge of the exterior material 5 and the side edge of the heat insulating material 7 are arranged at positions shifted in the vertical direction, so that intrusion water from the side edge of the exterior material is insulated from the heat insulating material 7. It does not reach the side edge of the heat insulating material 7 and does not go around to the back side of the heat insulating material 7. Moreover, since the exterior material 5 is not constructed twice, it is economically superior.
[0019]
The holding member 2 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is exactly the same as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 except that the configuration of the attachment portion 21 is different.
[0020]
The mounting portion 21 in FIG. 4 is provided with a locking portion 211 having a shape in which one side (the left side in the drawing) is bent to the inner side of the back surface, and the locking portion 211 and the regulating portion 212 are elastically fitted. It is attached to the upper flange portion 11. The attachment of the attachment portion 21 to the upper flange portion 11 may be performed in the same manner as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, or the restriction portion 212 is first brought into contact with the vertical piece portion 12 in this state. The locking portion 211 may be expanded against the elasticity and engaged with the tip of the upper flange portion 11. The contact of the restricting portion 212 with the vertical piece portion 12 may be a surface contact, a partial contact with a line or a point, or an elastic force.
[0021]
FIG. 5 shows a relationship in which a bulging portion (engaged portion) 111 is provided at the outer end of the upper flange portion 11 of the structural member 1 and an empty portion that engages (elastically fits) with the bulging portion 111. A stop and restricting portion 211 (212) was formed. The attachment portion 21 may be attached to the upper flange portion 11 only by sliding the attachment portion 21 from the front end side of the upper flange portion 11 in a substantially horizontal shape. It should be noted that a recessed engagement portion may be provided instead of the bulging portion 111, and is not limited to the outer end of the upper flange portion 11. For example, it may be provided in the middle of the back surface of the upper flange portion 11. good. Accordingly, the shape of the locking and restricting portion 211 (212) is not limited as long as it can be engaged with the engaged portion 111. It may be in the form of a claw (return piece) to engage. The engagement may be by elastic force.
[0022]
FIG. 6 shows a configuration in which the holding member 2 includes a support material holding portion 26 for attaching and holding a support material 9 that supports an upper exterior structure (not shown). The other configurations are the same as those in the embodiment of FIGS. Since they are almost the same, the same reference numerals are given to the drawings and description thereof is omitted.
That is, the holding member 2 of the illustrated embodiment has a configuration in which the mounting bracket 2C is combined with the upper portion of the heat insulating bracket 2A having the above configuration in place of the receiving bracket 2B, and the fixing bracket 2D is combined when the support member 9 is mounted. A support material holding portion 26 for holding the support material 9 is formed by the mounting metal fitting 2C and the fixing metal fitting 2D.
The support member 9 in the illustrated embodiment has a substantially hat-shaped cross section, and has a shape in which an engagement portion 91 and a bottom piece portion 92 that are curved inward are provided on the left and right. What is the upper exterior structure supported by the support member 9? It may be configured.
The mounting bracket 2C is a piece material in which standing portions 27 formed symmetrically in the front-rear direction are opposed to each other and extend from the bottom surface portion 28 to the left and right, and folded portions 29 are formed on the left and right side edges. At this time, the bottom surface portion 28 is joined to the heat insulating metal fitting 2A (fastening with a bolt 221 and a nut 222).
The fixing bracket 2D is attached in a state in which the support member 9 having a substantially hat-shaped cross section is disposed, and the right and left ends are attached to the outside of the engaging portion 91 and the folded portion 29 in a meshing manner by sliding in the front-rear direction.
Then, the engagement portion 91 (inside) of the support member 9 is elastically fitted to the engaged portions formed on the left and right of the standing portion 27, and the bottom piece 92 of the support member 9 is attached to the mounting bracket 2C It is attached so as to be sandwiched between the left and right extending pieces) and the fixing bracket 2D. Therefore, the support material holding portion 26 specifically refers to the engaged portion and between the mounting bracket 2C and the fixing bracket 2D.
Further, in the illustrated embodiment, two types of heat insulating materials 7A and 7B are used, and the heat insulating material 7A disposed on the upper surface side corresponds to the heat insulating material 7 made of a water-impermeable material in the embodiment of FIGS. . That is, a plurality of drain grooves 73 are formed on the surface along the flow direction, and a superposition portion 74 and a superposed portion 75 that can be superposed with the heat insulating material 7A adjacent to the end portion are provided, and convex portions are formed at the respective tips. Portions 741 and 751 are provided, and a space 76 for drainage is formed in the overlapping portion. And rainwater can be drained in the drain groove 73 and the space part 76, and rainwater does not reach the back surface side (indoor side) of the heat insulating material 7A. Although not shown in the figure, when the upper exterior structure is attached to and supported by the support material 9 for the lower exterior structure formed of such a heat insulating material 7A, a double exterior structure is formed. It will be excellent in rain performance and durability.
[0023]
Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments of the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be implemented in any way as long as the configuration described in the claims is not changed. Can do.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the mounting structure and the exterior structure of the present invention lock the locking portion of the holding member to the structural material, so that the work process at the site is greatly reduced and the workability is extremely good. That is, when fixing the holding member by fastening with a bolt or the like, it is not necessary to position the fastening tool on the back surface of the structural material while adjusting the position as in the prior art. It can be fastened, and even when the holding member is fixed by adhesion by welding or the like, there is no need to perform ink marking as in the prior art, it can be fixed at an appropriate position, and the assembly of the exterior material is poor. There is no risk of it happening.
[0025]
When the holding member has a restricting portion that comes into contact with the vertical piece of the structural material, or the holding member is provided with an engaging portion and a restricting portion that engages with the engaged portion by providing the engaged portion on the structural material. In this case, the position can be regulated more stably than when locking only with the locking part, the movement in the left-right direction is restricted, the work is not shifted in the width direction during the fixing work, and the work is performed properly. It can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an exterior structure including an embodiment of a mounting structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the exterior structure of FIG.
3A is a front view showing the mounting structure used in the exterior structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 3B is a front view, a plan view, and a side view of the receiving metal fitting used therein, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view, a plan view, a side view, and (d) a front view of a structural material used therefor.
4A is a front view showing an embodiment of another mounting structure, and FIG. 4B is a front view, a plan view, and a side view of a mounting portion used therefor.
5A is a front view showing an embodiment of another mounting structure, and FIG. 5B is a front view, a plan view, and a side view of a mounting portion used therefor.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an embodiment of another mounting structure in which the upper exterior structure is omitted.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structure material 11 Upper flange part 12 Vertical piece part 2 Holding member 21 Attachment part 211 Locking part 22 Standing part 23 Exterior material holding part 26 Support material holding part 5 Exterior material 6 Cover material 7 Heat insulating material 8 Functional board

Claims

A building exterior structure having a support structure for the roof surface, including a structural material having an upper flange portion and a mounting structure for a holding member standing on the upper flange portion,
The structural material has an upper flange portion, a vertical piece portion depending from the upper flange portion, and a lower flange portion at the lower end of the vertical piece portion,
The holding member includes an attachment portion including at least one locking portion, an upright portion extending upward from the attachment portion and adiabatically connecting the holding portion side and the attachment portion side, and the upright portion And a holding part to which a support material for supporting the exterior material or the upper exterior structure for constructing the roof surface is attached.
The upper flange part of the structural material and the attachment part of the holding member include an attachment structure attached by two means of locking and fixing, and the lower flange part of the structural material has a negative ion generation function and a far infrared radiation function. A functional board having one or more characteristics selected from heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, fireproofing and fireproofing is attached, a heat insulating material is laid on the functional board, and a holding portion is positioned on the heat insulating material. The exterior structure of a building characterized by

The exterior structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the holding member includes an attachment structure having a restricting portion for restricting a position in a direction opposite to the locking portion in the working width direction.

3. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising an attachment structure in which the engaging portion is provided in the structural member, and the engaging member and the restricting portion that engage with the engaged portion are provided in the holding member. Exterior structure of the building described.