JP4084070B2 - Manufacturing method of multilayer blade - Google Patents

Description

【００２９】
〔比較例１〕
Ｃｕ８０重量％、Ｓｎ２０重量％の平均粒子径１０μｍのＣｕ−Ｓｎ合金粉末７５体積％と、１５００メッシュのダイヤモンド砥粒２５体積％を乳鉢で混合した。そして、８重量％濃度のＰＶＡ成形バインダーを体積で１０％添加して更に混合した。
乾燥後、φ１０２×３５Ｈの型に上記混合粉末を充填し、１ｔ／ｃｍ^２ の加圧により、グリーンシートで０．４５ｍｍの厚さになるように成形した。
この成形体を、φ１０２．５×３４．５Ｈのカーボン型に押入し、０．５ｔ／ｃｍ^２ で加圧成形しながら、８００℃で１０分間保持して焼成した。
これを全体の厚さが０．２２５ｍｍにラップ加工した。
得られたブレード成形体の外径、内径をそれぞれφ１０２×４０Ｈに仕上げ、上記実施例と同様の切断試験を行った。
この比較例のブレード成形体３１の断面は、図４に示す部分拡大図のように、結合材３１ｂ中に細粒子の砥粒３１ａだけを含む単層構造のものである。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
以上に詳述した本発明によれば、砥石の砥粒含有量（集中度）を容易に変えることができ、多層構造ブレードの各層の厚さや各層の厚さの割合を容易に変えることができ、結合材の選択の幅を広げることが可能な、砥粒サイズの異なる多層構造ブレードの製造方法を提供することができる。
又、本発明によれば、薄いブレードでありながら剛性や耐摩耗性があり、加工精度が高く、耐久性に優れた多層構造ブレードの製造方法を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る多層構造ブレードの実施例の一部拡大縦断面図である。
【図２】上記多層構造ブレードの使用態様を示す側面図である。
【図３】上記多層構造ブレードの使用態様を示す正面図である。
【図４】性能試験に比較例として用いたブレードの一部拡大縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 多層構造ブレード
１１〜１３ 砥石薄板
１１ａ〜１３ａ 砥粒
１１ｂ〜１３ｂ 結合材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is, or cut the ceramic or metal or for composites thereof, effective to the grooving abrasive grains size is a method for manufacturing the blade of partially different multilayer structures.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A blade having a multilayer structure with partially different abrasive grain sizes is already known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-174877.
The conventional multi-layered blade has a small diameter having an average particle size of 1/2 or less of the large diameter superabrasive grains on both sides of a central abrasive layer formed by dispersing large diameter superabrasive grains in a metal plating phase. An outer abrasive layer is formed by dispersing superabrasive grains in the metal plating phase.
(A) Since cutting into the material to be ground is performed mainly by large-diameter superabrasive grains, the sharpness and grinding speed can be improved,
(B) Since the grinding cross section of the material to be ground is ground with the small-diameter superabrasive grains, chipping and peeling in the grinding cross section can be reduced, and the planar accuracy of the grinding cross section can be improved.
(C) Since the cross-section of the blade edge portion wears convexly as the grinding operation proceeds, it is possible to prevent the blade edge from swinging and to perform straight grinding.
It has such an effect.
[0003]
However, this multi-layer blade is manufactured by an electroforming method. Therefore, only a metal-plated (Ni-plated) layer can be selected as a binder for bonding abrasive grains. In addition, it is difficult to change the abrasive content (concentration level) easily, and the rigidity and wear resistance of the blade are difficult. It was difficult to improve durability.
[0004]
In addition, when manufacturing a multi-layer blade with a partially different abrasive grain size by electroforming, it is usually necessary to transfer the blade being electroformed to another electroforming tank in order to change the abrasive grain size. In the meantime, since electroforming is stopped and the blades being electroformed are exposed to the air, when the manufactured multi-layer blades are used at high loads, there is a possibility of delamination and to suppress it Needed consideration.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the multilayer structure blade produced by the electroforming method, and to select a wide range of optimum binders according to the use of the blade. It is to provide a method for producing a distinct multilayer blade.
Another object of the present invention is to easily change the abrasive content (concentration) of each layer in the multilayer blade, and to adjust the thickness of each layer of the multilayer blade, etc. The object of the present invention is to provide a method that can provide a multi-layered blade having optimum performance suitable for the blade application.
[0006]
Another object of the present invention, electroforming abrasive size partly different method for manufacturing a multilayer structure blade which solves the problem of delamination that can occur when manufacturing the blade of a multi-layer structure by Is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The manufacturing method of the multilayer structure blade of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
Each of diamond and / or cBN abrasive grains having a plurality of abrasive grain sizes,
Comprising a mixture of the one or two or more kinds of metal-metal oxide-periodic in IVa, Va, any one of carbides, nitrides of the group consisting of VIa transition metals, borides and composites compounds Hard phase; or
One or more metal bonded phases of the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ti, Cr ;
Individually mixed with a hard alloy binder powder comprising a plurality of types of mixed powder,
Each of the above mixed powders is added with a molding binder and further individually mixed. After drying, each mixed powder is pressed to form a green sheet, and the green sheet has coarse grains on the center side. Formed on each surface of the green sheet by placing a layer of fine particles on the surface side of both sides to form a laminated structure having an inclined structure, filling the above-mentioned laminated body into a mold, and performing pressure sintering or firing. It is characterized in that a multi-layered blade molded body in which the disk-shaped grinding wheel thin plates are integrally joined is obtained.
[0010]
In a preferred embodiment of the method for producing the multilayer blade, two kinds of abrasive grains having different abrasive grain sizes are mixed with a binder powder in an amount of 5 to 50% by volume to produce first and second mixed powders. In addition, the first green sheet having coarse particles obtained by pressing and molding the mixed powder is provided on the center side, and the second green sheet having fine particles is provided on both sides thereof. A laminated body having a layer structure is formed, and a blade molded body having a three-layer structure is formed by pressure sintering or firing of the laminated body.
[0011]
Also, the laminate of the blade is usually under pressure by 10~5000kg / cm ^2, are pressure sintering or firing at a temperature of 150-1,300 ° C..
[0012]
According to the multilayer structure blade production method of the present invention having the above structure, in order to produce a multilayer structure blades by sintering the green sheet laminate, unlike conventional electroforming, according to the blade use optimal Can be freely selected from a wide range of materials that can be used for sintering or firing, and in particular, by using a hard alloy or other hard high-strength material, rigidity and wear resistance while being a thin blade, A multilayer structure blade having excellent durability can be obtained.
[0013]
In addition, when obtaining a multi-layer blade with partially different abrasive grain sizes, the abrasive content (concentration) of each layer constituting the blade can be easily changed by simply changing the mixing ratio of the abrasive grains mixed with the binder powder. The thickness of each layer of the blade can be arbitrarily changed by changing the thickness of the green sheet as appropriate.
Therefore, for example, for workpieces that are easily clogged, by reducing the abrasive content (concentration) and increasing the spacing between the abrasive grains in the blade, the sharpness can be maintained and the processing load can be reduced. In addition, for workpieces where the blades are subject to wear, it is possible to produce blades with reduced wear and improved surface roughness by increasing the abrasive content. It is possible to manufacture a multi-layer blade having the optimum performance suitable for the blade application by providing rigidity, wear resistance, and durability sufficiently suitable for the blade.
Moreover, as in the case of manufacturing a multi-layered blade having partially different abrasive grain sizes by electroforming, a multi-layered blade that eliminates the problem of delamination can be obtained.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a main part of an embodiment of a multilayer structure blade according to the present invention. This multilayer structure blade 1 is formed of each green sheet by pressure sintering or firing of at least three layers of green sheets. The disk-shaped grinding wheel thin plates 11, 12, and 13 are integrally formed into a blade molded body having a multilayer structure. Each green sheet is made of diamond or cBN abrasive grains or mixed abrasive grains having a plurality of abrasive grain sizes mixed with a binder powder to form green sheets. Each of the green sheets is formed by laminating a slant structure in which the abrasive grains are coarse particles and laminating the fine grains on both side surface layers, and by pressure sintering or firing them. The disk-shaped grindstone thin plates 11, 12, 13 are formed into a multilayered blade molded body integrally joined.
[0015]
The blade molded body of FIG. 1 has a grindstone thin plate 11 in which coarse abrasive grains 11a are mixed in a binder 11b on the center side, and fine abrasive grains 12a and 13a on both surface layers. The grinding wheel thin plates 12 and 13 mixed with the binders 12b and 13b are arranged and laminated in three layers, and are sintered or fired so as to have an inclined structure with respect to the abrasive grains. In the blade molded body shown in FIG. 1, the average particle diameter is larger than the abrasive grains 11 a in the grindstone thin plate 11 as the abrasive grains 12 a and 13 a in the grindstone thin plates 12 and 13 laminated on both surfaces of the central grindstone thin plate 11. Small particles of the same size are used.
The blade molded body of the present invention does not necessarily have three layers. For example, the blade molded body corresponding to the central wheel side thin plate 11 in FIG. 1 has two layers, or the central wheel side thin plate 11 and An appropriate number of layers may be laminated, for example, an intermediate layer may be interposed between the double-sided surface grinding stones 12 and 13.
[0016]
Examples of the binders 11b to 13b in the grinding wheel thin plates 11 to 13 include metals, resins, metal-resin composite materials, metal oxides, periodic IVa, Va, and VIa group transition metal carbides, nitrides, borides, and the like. A hard phase composed of one or a mixture of two or more of these composite compounds, or a hard alloy composed of one or more metal bonded phases of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ti, Cr, etc. Can be used.
It is desirable that the bonding material in the center grinding wheel thin plate 11 and the bonding material in the grinding stone thin plates 12 and 13 on both sides thereof be the same in order to avoid separation between them. Different materials can also be used in relation to the function of the abrasive grains. In this case, it is necessary to select a binder that does not cause delamination in the blade having a multilayer structure.
[0017]
The mixing ratio of diamond or cBN abrasive grains of each size with respect to the binder is appropriate to be 5 to 50% by volume. When the mixing ratio is less than the lower limit value, there are too few abrasive grains contributing to cutting, and the grinding resistance is large. In addition, the wear resistance is not sufficient, making it difficult to prevent deterioration of the processing accuracy, and if the mixing ratio exceeds the upper limit, the abrasive grain spacing becomes small and clogging is likely to occur during processing. In addition, the biting of the abrasive grains into the workpiece becomes worse, and in addition, it becomes weak against impact, and the blade is liable to be damaged during the cutting process, which is dangerous. The volume ratio is more preferably 10 to 35%, and thereby the desired effect can be further enhanced.
The selection of the abrasive size of the coarse and fine abrasive grains is determined by the processing quality and processing accuracy required of a workpiece such as metal, ceramics, or a composite material thereof.
[0018]
Next, a method for manufacturing the multilayer structure blade will be described.
In producing the multilayer structure blade according to the present invention, first, diamond or cBN abrasive grains, or a mixture thereof, having a plurality of abrasive grain sizes, is mixed with a binder powder in an amount of 5 to 50% by volume, Each of these mixed powders is used as a green sheet, and the green sheet is provided with a coarse grain on the center side and a fine grained abrasive grain on both surface layers. And
[0019]
As the binder, the above-described hard phase, hard alloy, or the like can be used, and these binders are appropriately selected according to the use of the blade to be manufactured. The abrasive grain content (concentration) of the green sheets constituting each grindstone thin plate can be easily adjusted by simply changing the mixing ratio of the abrasive grains mixed with the binder powder.
Therefore, for materials to be easily clogged, the blade content is reduced and the processing load is reduced by reducing the abrasive content (concentration) and increasing the spacing between the abrasive grains constituting the blade. For a material to be ground that is likely to be worn by the blade, by increasing the abrasive content (concentration), it is possible to produce a blade with reduced wear and improved surface roughness.
[0020]
And each green sheet is filled with the said laminated body, and is sintered or baked at the temperature of 150-1300 degreeC, pressing with 10-5000 kg / cm < ² > according to the kind of the binder. A multi-layer blade molded body in which the formed disc-shaped grinding wheel thin plates are integrally joined is obtained.
[0021]
At that time, by arbitrarily changing the thickness of each green sheet filled in the mold, a blade molded body having a three-layer structure in which the plate thickness of each grindstone thin plate or the plate pressure ratio of each grindstone thin plate is arbitrarily adjusted is obtained. Can do. For example, it is possible to manufacture a blade that places emphasis on cutting into the material to be ground by increasing the thickness of the grinding wheel thin plate with fine grains of abrasive grains on the center side, and the abrasive grains on both surface sides are fine grains. By increasing the thickness of the grinding wheel thin plate, it is possible to manufacture a blade that emphasizes the reduction of chipping and unevenness in the grinding section.
[0022]
Furthermore, this blade molded body needs to be able to eliminate the processing damage to the workpiece due to the abrasive grains of coarse particles in the grindstone thin plate arranged on the center side, so the thickness of each grindstone thin plate is Should be defined by the processing characteristics required for the workpiece.
However, although the processing quality is improved if the thin wheel plate on the center side is thinned, the thickness of the thin wheel plate with fine particles on both sides increases and clogging is likely to occur. It is necessary to consider that the frequency is increased and the life of the blade is shortened.
[0023]
According to such a multilayer structure blade of the present invention, since a multilayer structure blade having partially different abrasive grain sizes is formed by a sintering method, an optimum binder according to the use of the blade is selected over a wide range. By selecting from materials, it is possible to obtain a multi-layer blade suitable for the application.
The multilayer blade 1 described with reference to FIG. 1 has a plurality of them arranged at regular intervals via spacers 21 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and a rotating shaft is provided by a pair of mounting flanges 22,22. 23, and is used for cutting or the like of a workpiece in a form such as being clamped and fixed by a nut 24. In this case, the multilayer blade is an all blade type or a cored bar type blade. Can be configured.
[0024]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below in comparison with comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0025]
[Example 1]
Cu 80% by weight, Sn 20% by weight Cu-Sn alloy powder (binding material) 75% by volume and 25% by volume of 1500 mesh diamond abrasive grains (binding material), and 75% by volume of the same Cu-Sn alloy powder and 1000 mesh. 25% by volume of diamond abrasive grains were individually mixed in a mortar. Then, 10% by volume of a PVA molding binder having a concentration of 8% by weight was added to each, and further mixed.
After drying, a mixed powder of Cu—Sn alloy powder and 1500 mesh diamond abrasive grains is filled into a φ102 × 35H mold, and the green sheet is 0.15 mm thick by pressurizing at 1 t / cm ^2. Two molded bodies were prepared.
Similarly, a mixed powder of Cu—Sn alloy powder and 1000 mesh diamond abrasive grains is filled in a mold, and by pressing at 1 t / cm ² , one sheet is formed so that the green sheet has a thickness of 0.15 mm. A molded body was prepared.
[0026]
And the latter molded object using the coarse grain abrasive grain was made into the center part side, the former molded object was piled up on the both surfaces side, and the blade molded object which laminated | stacked the grindstone thin plate in 3 layers was produced.
Next, this three-layer blade molded body was pressed into a carbon mold of φ102.5 × 34.5H, and was fired by holding at 800 ° C. for 10 minutes while being pressure-formed at 0.5 t / cm ² . .
This is lapped so that the total thickness is 0.225 mm, and the 1000 mesh diamond layer on the center side is about 0.075 mm, and the 1500 mesh diamond layer on both sides is about 0.075 mm. A three-layer diamond blade molded body thus obtained was obtained.
[0027]
The outer diameter and inner diameter of the obtained blade molded body were finished to φ102 × 40H, respectively, and incorporated into a flange using a stainless steel spacer so that the protrusion was 3 mm (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and mounted on the machine.
A slicing machine was used for cutting the workpiece, and cutting was performed at a grinding wheel rotational speed of 10,000 rpm and a feed rate of 150 mm / min.
The workpiece to be cut is obtained by bonding Al ₂ O ₃ —TiC having a length of 70 mm and a thickness of 1.2 mm, which is used as a material for a magnetic head, to ferrite with an epoxy resin.
The evaluation of cutting was performed by processing 100 lines of 70 mm long Al ₂ O ₃ —TiC at a pitch of 0.5 mm to determine surface roughness, chipping size of the end surface, waviness of the processed surface, grinding resistance, and blade wear. This was done by measuring.
[0028]
Table 1 shows the processing evaluation of the blade molded body manufactured as described above and the blade molded body manufactured as a comparative example described later.
As can be seen from the table, the above-mentioned blade molded body has a chipping, grinding resistance, radial wear (blade wear), cutting bar profile (flatness), and cutting bar roughness (surface roughness) as compared with the comparative example. Also confirmed to be excellent.
[Table 1]

[0029]
[Comparative Example 1]
Cu 80% by weight, Sn 20% by weight Cu-Sn alloy powder 75% by volume with an average particle diameter of 10 μm and 1500 mesh diamond abrasive 25% by volume were mixed in a mortar. Then, 10% by volume of an 8 wt% PVA molding binder was added and further mixed.
After drying, the mixed powder was filled in a φ102 × 35H mold, and the green sheet was molded to a thickness of 0.45 mm by pressurizing at 1 t / cm ² .
This molded body was pressed into a carbon mold of φ102.5 × 34.5H, and baked while being held at 800 ° C. for 10 minutes while being pressure-formed at 0.5 t / cm ² .
This was lapped to a total thickness of 0.225 mm.
The blade molded body thus obtained was finished with an outer diameter and an inner diameter of φ102 × 40H, respectively, and the same cutting test as in the above example was performed.
The cross section of the blade molded body 31 of this comparative example has a single-layer structure in which only the fine abrasive grains 31a are included in the binder 31b, as shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described in detail above, the abrasive grain content (concentration) of the grindstone can be easily changed, and the thickness of each layer of the multilayer blade and the ratio of the thickness of each layer can be easily changed. , which can widen the range of selection of the binder, it is possible to provide a manufacturing method different multilayer structures blade of abrasive size.
Further, according to the present invention, there is a thin blade, yet rigid and wear resistance, processing accuracy is high, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a multilayer structure blade with excellent durability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a multilayer structure blade according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing how the multilayer blade is used.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing how the multilayer blade is used.
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a blade used as a comparative example in a performance test.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Multilayer structure blade 11-13 Grinding wheel thin plate 11a-13a Abrasive grain 11b-13b Binder

Claims (3)

Each of diamond and / or cBN abrasive grains having a plurality of abrasive grain sizes,
It consists of one or a mixture of two or more of carbides, nitrides, borides and complex compounds of any of the group consisting of metals, metal oxides, periodic metals of group IVa, Va, VIa Hard phase; or
One or more metal bonded phases of the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ti, Cr;
Individually mixed with a hard alloy binder powder comprising a plurality of types of mixed powder,
Each of the mixed powders is added with a molding binder and further individually mixed.After drying, each mixed powder is pressed to form a green sheet,
Those green sheets are arranged with coarse grains on the center side, and those with fine grains on both side surface layers to form a laminate with an inclined structure,
By filling the laminate into a mold and performing pressure sintering or firing, a blade shaped body having a multilayer structure in which disk-shaped grinding wheel thin plates formed of each green sheet are integrally joined is obtained.
A method for manufacturing a multilayer structure blade. Abrasive sizes two different abrasive grains each mixing 5-50% by volume of the binder powder to prepare a first and second mixed powder,
A first green sheet with coarse grains obtained by pressure molding of the mixed powder is provided on the center side, and a second green sheet with fine grains is provided on both sides of the first green sheet. A laminated body of structure,
Obtaining a blade molding of three-layer structure by the laminate,
The method for manufacturing a multilayer structure blade according to claim 1 . Sintering or firing the laminated body of blades at a temperature of 150 to 1300 ° C. while pressing at 10 to 5000 kg / cm ² .
The method for producing a multilayer blade according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein

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