JP4082635B2

JP4082635B2 - Ventilation system

Info

Publication number: JP4082635B2
Application number: JP23706298A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 善民野々村
Original assignee: Fujita Corp
Current assignee: Fujita Corp
Priority date: 1998-08-24
Filing date: 1998-08-24
Publication date: 2008-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2018-08-24
Also published as: JP2000065406A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は建築物の室内と室外の空気を流通させる換気システムに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えば、高層マンションなどの建築物では、玄関扉を開閉する場合、建築物の室内と室外の間に気圧差が生じると、玄関扉の開閉に支障を来すことがある。例えば、玄関扉に向かって強い風が吹きつけていたり、建築物の室内において換気扇を動作させて室内の空気を室外に排気したりしている場合には、室内の気圧が負圧となり室外の気圧が正圧となり、室内外の気圧差によって玄関扉が開けにくくなる。このような扉の開閉障害を回避するためには、室内と室外との気圧差を緩和するために室内外の空気の流通を適切に行う必要がある。
【０００３】
ところで、従来から、室内と室外との間で換気を行うために、玄関扉の近くに空気が流通する給気口が設けられたり、天井裏の空間を利用して室内と室外の空気を流通させたりすることが行われている。そして、このような室内と室外の空気の流通によって室内と室外との気圧差を緩和することが図られている。
また、玄関扉のノブと鍵の機構に、開口部と、その開口部を開閉する圧力調整用扉を設け、ノブの操作に連動して圧力調整用扉を開閉させることで、室内と室外の空気を流通させ室内と室外との気圧差を緩和する技術も提案されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、玄関扉の近くに設けられている給気口は、換気を目的としており、給気口の有効開口面積が少なく、屋外から屋内への給気量が不足しているため、室内と室外の気圧差を緩和するには至っていない。
また、天井裏の空間を利用して空気を流通させる場合も同様であり、換気を目的としており、空気の流通する経路が屋外の給気口で狭く、天井裏の空間で広くなり、屋内の給気口で再び狭くなっている。このため、屋外から屋内に流入する空気の流路面積が縮小、拡大、縮小と変化して流路間の抵抗が大きく屋外から屋内への給気量が不足してやはり室内と室外の気圧差を緩和する機能が不十分であった。
また、ノブの操作に連動して圧力調整用扉を開閉させることで、室内と室外の空気を流通させ室内と室外との気圧差を緩和する場合には、ノブと鍵の機構という限定されたスペースに開口部が設けられているため、開口部の有効開口面積が少なく、屋外から屋内への給気量が不足し、室内と室外の気圧差を緩和する機能は不十分であった。
また、屋内で換気扇を使用して屋内の空気を屋外に排気しているような場合には、室内と室外との気圧差が増大し、玄関扉がさらに開けにくくなるという問題がある。
また、屋内で換気扇を使用して屋内の空気を屋外に排気する際、室内が負圧で室外が正圧となっていると、換気扇による換気量が低下し、換気扇に過大な負荷がかかるという問題も生じる。
また、このような建築物で室内外の換気を行うためには、玄関扉やバルコニーの戸を開放したり、換気扇を動作させて室内の空気を室外に排気するなどしなくてはならず、換気の効率がよいものとはいえなかった。
本発明は前記事情に鑑み案出されたものであって、本発明の目的は、室内外の空気の流通を適切に行うことができる換気システムを提供することにある。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するため本発明は、室内と室外とを連通する玄関開口部と、該玄関開口部を開閉する玄関扉と、室内と室外とを連通するバルコニー開口部とを備え、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部とが室内を介して連通可能に構成された建築物に配設され、室内と室外の間で空気を流通させる換気システムであって、室内天井壁と、上壁と、側壁と、隔壁と、換気用開口部と、換気用圧力調整扉と、第１、第２室外給気口と、第１、第２室内給気口とを備え、前記室内天井壁はその下方に室内が臨む箇所に設けられ、前記上壁は前記室内天井壁の上方にこれら天井壁と間隔を隔てて設けられ、前記側壁は前記室内天井壁と前記上壁とを接続し、これらの壁により天井裏の空間を形成するように設けられ、前記隔壁は前記天井裏の空間を前記玄関開口部に近い側の第１空間と前記バルコニー開口部に近い側の第２空間とに区画するように設けられ、前記換気用開口部は前記第１空間と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記隔壁に設けられ、前記換気用圧力調整扉は前記換気用開口部を開閉するように設けられるとともに、前記換気用開口部の開口面積を調整することで前記換気用開口部の箇所を流れる空気の量が所定範囲となるように構成され、前記第１室内給気口は前記第１空間と該第１空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第２室内給気口は前記第２空間と該第２空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第１室外給気口は前記玄関開口部側の室外と前記第１空間とを連通するように前記玄関開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられ、前記第２室外給気口は前記バルコニー開口部側の室外と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記バルコニー開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられたことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、制御手段を設けるとともに、前記第１、第２室外給気口の少なくとも一方に開閉手段を設け、前記開閉手段は前記制御手段の制御によって前記第１、第２室外給気口の少なくとも一方を開閉するように構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、居室内の空気を室外に排気するための換気扇と、前記換気扇により排気される空気を室内から室外に導く排気ダクトと、前記換気扇が作動したことを検知する換気扇動作検知手段とを設け、前記制御手段は前記換気扇動作検知手段によって前記換気扇の作動を認識したときに前記開閉手段を開放させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記開閉手段が閉鎖されたことで作動するタイマ手段を設け、前記制御手段は前記タイマ手段が所定時間を計時したことに基づいて前記開閉手段を開放させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記開閉手段が閉鎖されたことで作動するタイマ手段を設け、前記開閉手段は前記タイマ手段が所定時間を計時したことに基づいて自ら開放するように構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記居室を区画する間仕切壁を設け、前記間仕切壁の内部に上下方向に延在する換気空間を形成し、前記換気空間と前記天井裏の空間を連通させ、前記間仕切壁に前記換気空間と連通する壁部給気口を設けたことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、室内と室外とを連通する玄関開口部と、該玄関開口部を開閉する玄関扉と、室内と室外とを連通するバルコニー開口部とを備え、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部とが室内を介して連通可能に構成された建築物に配設され、室内と室外の間で空気を流通させる換気システムであって、廊下室と、開閉扉と、室内天井壁と、上壁と、側壁と、隔壁と、換気用開口部と、換気用圧力調整扉と、第１、第２室外給気口と、第１、第２室内給気口と、玄関扉開放検知手段と、制御手段とを備え、前記廊下室は前記玄関開口部に接続されて設けられ、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部の間を連通する空間の一部を構成し、前記開閉扉は前記空間を区画して前記玄関開口部との間に風除室が形成されるように前記廊下室の中間箇所に配設され、前記室内天井壁はその下方に室内が臨む箇所に設けられ、前記上壁は前記室内天井壁の上方にこれら天井壁と間隔を隔てて設けられ、前記側壁は前記室内天井壁と前記上壁とを接続し、これらの壁により天井裏の空間を形成するように設けられ、前記隔壁は前記天井裏の空間を前記玄関開口部に近い側の第１空間と前記バルコニー開口部に近い側の第２空間とに区画するように設けられ、前記換気用開口部は前記第１空間と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記隔壁に設けられ、前記換気用圧力調整扉は前記換気用開口部を開閉するように設けられるとともに、前記換気用開口部の開口面積を調整することで前記換気用開口部の箇所を流れる空気の量が所定範囲となるように、かつ、前記制御手段の制御によって前記換気用開口部を閉鎖するように構成され、前記第１室内給気口は前記第１空間と該第１空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第２室内給気口は前記第２空間と該第２空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第１室外給気口は前記玄関開口部側の室外と前記第１空間とを連通するように前記玄関開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられ、前記第２室外給気口は前記バルコニー開口部側の室外と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記バルコニー開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられ、前記玄関扉開放検知手段は前記玄関扉のノブが開放操作されたことを検知するように構成され、前記制御手段は前記玄関扉開放検知手段が前記玄関扉の開放操作を検知したときに所定時間だけ前記換気用圧力調整扉を閉鎖させるように制御することを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記制御手段はマイクロコンピュータまたはパーソナルコンピュータから構成されていることを特徴とする。
【０００６】
本発明の換気システムでは、玄関側からバルコニー側に向かう方向に空気が吹きつけたときには、その空気は第１室外給気口から第１空間、換気用開口部、第２空間、第２室外給気口という経路を経て流通し、バルコニー側から玄関側からに向かう方向に空気が吹きつけたときには、その空気は第２室外給気口から第２空間、換気用開口部、第１空間、第１室外給気口という経路を経て流通する。すなわち、バルコニー側と玄関側の何れか気圧の高い側から低い側に向かって空気を流通させることができる。この結果、室外の空気は第１空間から第１室内給気口を経由して居室に流通し、また、第２空間から第２室内給気口を経由して居室に流通する。したがって、玄関扉やバルコニーの戸を開放したり、換気扇を作動させたりすることなく、自然の空気の流れを利用して室内外で効率よく常時換気を行うことが可能となる。
また、本発明の換気システムでは、玄関扉やバルコニーの戸を開放したり、換気扇を作動させたりすることなく、自然の空気の流れを利用して室内外で効率よく常時換気を行うことが可能となる。また、玄関扉に対して空気が吹き付けることで、玄関開口部側の室外が正圧となり室内が負圧となった場合でも、開閉扉が閉鎖されて廊下室に風除室が形成されることで、この風除室の作用によって室内外の圧力差が緩和されるため、玄関扉にかかる圧力が低減され、玄関扉を容易に開放することができる。さらに、玄関扉開放検知手段が玄関扉の開放操作を検知したときに所定時間だけ換気用圧力調整扉を閉鎖することで、バルコニー側の室外の気圧が廊下室の気圧に影響を与えることを防止して風除室による気圧緩和を確実に行なうことができる。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の換気システムを図面を参照して説明する。
図１は本発明の換気システムの実施の形態の構成を示す居室部分の平面図、図２は同実施の形態における天井裏部分の平面図、図３は図２のＡＡ線断面図であり、図４は同実施の形態における給気シャッターの制御動作を説明するフローチャート、図５は同実施の形態における制御系の構成を示すブロック図である。
【０００８】
図１、図２を参照して換気システムの全体構成について説明する。本実施の形態ではマンションなどの集合住宅を構成する建築物に本発明の換気システムを適用した例を説明する。
建築物１００には、床壁１０２、床壁１０２の側縁部から立設される側壁１０４、側壁１０４の上部を接続する上壁１０６（図３参照）、室内天井壁１０８（図２参照）、隔壁１１２、玄関室１１４、玄関開口部１１５、玄関扉１１６、廊下室１１８、開閉扉１２０、バルコニー１２２、バルコニー開口部１２３、外廊下１２４、換気用開口部１２６、換気用圧力調整扉１２８、第１、第２室外給気口１３０、１３２、第１、第２室内給気口１３４、１３６、第１、第２圧力調整扉１３８、１４０、換気扇１４２、１４４、排気ダクト１４６、１４８、１５０、室内排気口１５２、制御手段２００（図５参照）などが設けられている。
【０００９】
また、玄関開口部１１５に近い側には２つの居室１５４、１５６が、バルコニー開口部１２３に近い側には１つの居室１５８が設けられている。これら居室１５４、１５６と居室１５８の間には台所１６０、浴室１６２、トイレ室１６４、洗面所１６８が設けられている。これら各室は間仕切壁１７０によって区画されている。なお、居室１５４、１５６、１５８、台所１６０、浴室１６２、トイレ室１６４、洗面所１６８は全て特許請求の範囲の居室に相当している。
なお、図１において、１５４Ａは居室１５４の扉、１５４Ｂは居室１５４の窓、１５６Ａは居室１５６の扉、１５６Ｂは居室１５６の窓、１６０Ａ、１６０Ｂは台所１６０の出入口、１６２Ａは浴室１６２の引き戸、１６４Ａはトイレ室１６４の扉、１６８Ａは洗面所１６８の扉を示している。
【００１０】
玄関開口部１１５は室内外を連通するように設けられており、玄関扉１１６は玄関開口部１１５を開閉するように設けられている。
バルコニー開口部１２３は室内外を連通するように設けられており、バルコニー戸１２５はバルコニー開口部１２３を開閉するように設けられている。
【００１１】
図２に網掛けで示した部分は室内天井壁１０８を示しており、この室内天井壁１０８はその下方に室内が臨む箇所に設けられている。上壁１０６は室内天井壁１０８の上方にこれら天井壁１０８と間隔を隔てて設けられている。側壁１０４は室内天井壁１０８と上壁１０６とを接続し、これらの壁により天井裏の空間を形成するように設けられている。
隔壁１１２は、天井裏の空間を玄関開口部１１５に近い側の第１空間と前記バルコニー開口部１２３に近い側の第２空間とに区画するように設けられている。第１空間はその下方に居室１５４、１５６が位置する天井裏の空間であり、第２空間はその下方に居室１５８、台所１６０、浴室１６２、トイレ室１６４、洗面所１６６が位置する天井裏の空間である。
なお、図２において、網掛けを施していない箇所、すなわち廊下室１１８に対応する箇所と、居室１５８の一部の箇所（図２中左側）とには室内天井壁１０８が配設されておらず、天井裏の空間が形成されていない。
【００１２】
換気用開口部１２６は第１空間と第２空間とを連通するように隔壁１１２に設けられている。換気用圧力調整扉１２８は後述する制御手段２００（図５参照）によって換気用開口部１２６を開閉するように設けられるとともに、換気用開口部１２６の開口面積を調整することで換気用開口部１２６の箇所を流れる空気の量が所定範囲となるように構成されている。
【００１３】
第１室内給気口１３４は第１空間と該第１空間の下方に位置する居室１５４、１５６とをそれぞれ連通するように室内天井壁１０８に設けられている。
また、第２室内給気口１３６は第２空間と該第２空間の下方に位置する居室１５８、台所１６０、浴室１６２、トイレ室１６４、洗面所１６６とをそれぞれ連通するように室内天井壁１０８に設けられている。
【００１４】
第１室外給気口１３０は玄関開口部１１５側の室外と第１空間とを連通するように玄関開口部１１５側の室外に面する側壁１０４に設けられている。
第２室外給気口１３２は前記バルコニー開口部１２３側の室外と第２空間とを連通するようにバルコニー開口部１２３側の室外に面する側壁１０４に設けられている。そして、第２室外給気口１３２には後述する制御手段２００の制御によって第２外給気口を開閉する給気シャッタ１３３（特許請求の範囲の開閉手段に相当）が設けられている。
【００１５】
換気扇１４２は台所１６０内の空気を室外に排気するものであり、排気ダクト１４６はこの換気扇１４２により排気される空気を室内からバルコニー１２０側の室外に導くように配設されている。
室内排気口１５２は、浴室１６２、トイレ室１６４、洗面所１６６の室内天井壁１０８にそれぞれ設けられており、各室内排気口１５２は排気ダクト１５０によって換気扇１４４の給気口近傍の空間に連通されている。換気扇１４４は、これら排気ダクト１５０を介して浴室１６２、トイレ室１６４、洗面所１６６の室内の空気を吸引して室外に排気するものであり、排気ダクト１４８はこの換気扇１４４により排気される空気を室内からバルコニー１２０側の室外に導くように配設されている。
【００１６】
次に、図５を参照して制御系の構成について説明する。
制御手段２００は、マイクロコンピュータまたはパーソナルコンピュータから構成されており、ＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭ、インターフェース、ディスプレイなどを備えている。
制御手段２００は、換気扇動作検知手段２０２、玄関扉開放検知手段２０４、給気シャッタ操作スイッチ２０６、タイマ手段２０８、給気シャッタ１３３、換気用圧力調整扉１２８と信号線を介して接続されている。
換気扇動作検知手段２０２は、換気扇１４２、１４４にそれぞれ設けられており、換気扇が作動したことを検知し、その検知信号を制御手段２００に与えるように構成されている。
玄関扉開放検知手段２０４は、玄関扉１１６に配設されており、玄関扉１１６のノブが開放操作されたことを検知し、その検知信号を制御手段２００に与えるように構成されている。
給気シャッタ操作スイッチ２０６は、室内の箇所に配設されており、この給気シャッタ操作スイッチ２０６が操作されることで、給気シャッタ１３３を開閉するための操作信号を制御手段２００に与えるように構成されている。
タイマ手段２０８は、制御手段２００からの起動信号によって計時動作を開始し、所定時間の計時が終了したことを示す計時信号を制御手段２００に与えるように構成されている。
給気シャッタ１３３と換気用圧力調整扉１２８は、制御手段２００からの制御信号によって開閉されるように構成されている。
【００１７】
図３に示すように、トイレ室１６４と洗面所１６８とを区画する間仕切壁１７０には、その内部に上下方向に延在する換気空間１７１が形成されている。
換気空間１７１と天井裏の空間とは連通しており、間仕切壁１７０の下端部には換気空間１７１と連通する壁部給気口１７０Ａがトイレ室１６４と洗面所１６８の室内のそれぞれの側に臨むように配設されている。
【００１８】
廊下室１１８は玄関開口部１１５に接続されて設けられ、玄関開口部１１５とバルコニー開口部１２３の間を連通する空間の一部を構成している。開閉扉１２０は上記空間を区画して玄関開口部１１５との間に風除室が形成されるように廊下室１１８の中間箇所に配設されている。
【００１９】
玄関扉１１５には、第１開口部１３９が室外と風除室とを連通するように配設されている。第１圧力調整扉１３８は第１開口部１３９を開閉するように設けられるとともに、前記第１開口部１３９の開口面積を調整することで第１開口部１３９の箇所を流れる空気の量が所定範囲となるように構成されている。
開閉扉１２０には、第２開口部１４１が前記風除室と前記バルコニー開口部１２３に連通する空間とを連通するように配設されている。前記第２圧力調整扉１４０は前記第２開口部１４１を開閉するように設けられるとともに、前記第２開口部１４１の開口面積を調整することで前記第２開口部１４１の箇所を流れる空気の量が所定範囲となるように構成されている
玄関扉１１５、開閉扉１２０には不図示のドアクローザが設けられており、常に閉鎖状態となるように構成されている。
【００２０】
次に、上述の構成による通常時の換気動作について説明する。
強風などが発生していない場合、第２室外給気口１３２の給気シャッタ１３３は開放状態に保持されている。
このため、玄関側からバルコニー側に向かう方向に空気が吹きつけたときには、その空気は、第１室外給気口１３０から第１空間、換気用開口部１２６、第２空間、第２室外給気口１３２という経路を経て流通する。そして、図３において矢印で示すように、第１空間から第１室内給気口１３４を経由して居室１５４、１５６に流通するとともに、第２空間から第２室内給気口１３６を経由して居室１５８、台所１６０、トイレ室１６４、浴室１６２、洗面室１６８に流通する。
また、バルコニー側から玄関側からに向かう方向に空気が吹きつけたときには、その空気は、第２室外給気口１３２から第２空間、換気用開口部１２６、第１空間、第１室外給気口１３０という経路を経て流通し、上述と同様に第１空間から第１室内給気口１３４を経由して居室１５４、１５６に流通するとともに、第２空間から第２室内給気口１３６を経由して居室１５８、台所１６０、トイレ室１６４、浴室１６２、洗面室１６８に流通する。
したがって、本実施の形態による換気システムによれば、玄関扉やバルコニー戸を開放したり、換気扇を作動させたりすることなく、自然の空気の流れを利用して室内外で効率よく常時換気を行うことが可能となる。この際、バルコニー側と玄関側の何れか気圧の高い側から低い側に向かって空気を流通させることができる。
【００２１】
また、トイレ室１６４、洗面室１６８には、間仕切壁１７０の内部の換気空間１７１を経由して下端部に配設された壁部給気口１７０Ａから空気が流通するため、通常換気がいきとどきにくい箇所にも十分な量の空気が流通する。なお、壁部給気口１７０Ａは、その他に換気が充分に行われない箇所、例えば収納庫や押し入れ等に設けることが換気の改善を図る上で望ましい。
【００２２】
また、各居室１５４、１５６、１５８、トイレ室１６４、浴室１６２、洗面室１６８に流通する空気量は、換気用開口部１２６に設けた換気用圧力調整扉１２８の開口面積を調整することで任意に調整することができる。なお、この換気用圧力調整扉１２８の開口面積の調整は例えば次のようにして行うことができる。すなわち、換気用圧力調整扉１２８が配設されている箇所の近傍の室内天井壁１０８の箇所に操作用の開口部を設け、その開口部から手動によって換気用圧力調整扉１２８の開口面積の調整を行うようにすればよい。
【００２３】
一方、台風などの天候によって強風が発生した場合には、図４のフローチャートに示すような制御動作を行う。
まず、居住者は、開放している第２室外給気口１３２から強風が吹き込むことによって、第１、第２室内給気口１３４、１３６から騒音が発生したり、冷気が居室に侵入したりするなどの支障があるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ１０）。
居住者は、特に支障がないと判断すれば給気シャッタ操作スイッチ２０６の操作を行う必要はない。この結果、制御手段２００は第２室外給気口１３２の給気シャッタ１３３を開放状態のまま保持し（ステップＳ１８）、ステップＳ１０に移行する。
もし、強風による支障が発生している場合には、居住者は給気シャッタ操作スイッチ２０６を給気シャッタを閉鎖するように操作する。制御手段２００は、給気シャッタ操作スイッチ２０６から与えられる操作信号に基づいて給気シャッタ１３３に制御信号を与えて閉鎖させる（ステップＳ１２）。そして、タイマ手段２０８に起動信号を与えて起動させる。
次いで、制御手段２００は、換気扇１４２、１４４の換気扇動作検知手段２０２からの検知信号によって換気扇の作動の有無を判断する（ステップＳ１４）。換気扇１４２、１４４の少なくとも一方が作動していると判断したときは、第２室外給気口１３２の給気シャッタ１３３に制御信号を与えて開放させ（ステップＳ１８）、ステップＳ１０に移行する。
したがって、室外の空気を第２室外給気口１３２から第２室内給気口１３６を経由して居室に導くことで各換気扇１４２、１４４による換気量を確保し、換気扇に過大な負荷がかかるという問題を防止することができる。
【００２４】
一方、ステップＳ１４で換気扇１４２、１４４の双方が非作動であると判断したときは、第２室外給気口１３２の給気シャッタ１３３の閉鎖状態を保持する。そして、ステップＳ１２で起動されたタイマ手段２０８が所定時間（例えば８時間）を計時したことを示す計時信号を制御手段２００に与えると（ステップＳ１６）、制御手段２００は第２室外給気口１３２の給気シャッタ１３３に制御信号を与えて開放させ（ステップＳ１８）、ステップＳ１０に移行する。これにより、第２室外給気口１３２の給気シャッタ１３３が閉鎖されても、所定時間が経過した後、第２室外給気口１３２を開放させることで室内外の換気動作を自動的に開始することができる。
【００２５】
次に、上述の構成による玄関扉の開閉時における換気動作について説明する。
前述したように、廊下室１１８の中間箇所に開閉扉１２０を配設することにより、開閉扉１２０と玄関開口部１１５との間に風除室が形成されている。そして、玄関扉１１６の第１開口部１３９には第１圧力調整扉１３８が配設され、開閉扉１２０の第２開口部１４１には第２圧力調整扉１４０が配設されている。
したがって、玄関扉１１６に対して空気が吹き付けることで、玄関開口部１１５側の室外が正圧となり室内が負圧となった場合でも、開閉扉１２０が閉鎖されて廊下室１１８に風除室が形成されることで、この風除室の作用によって室内外の圧力差が緩和されるため、玄関扉１１６にかかる圧力が低減され、玄関扉１１６を容易に開放することができる。
また、第１、第２圧力調整扉１３８、１４０の開口面積を調整することで、第１、第２開口部１３９、１４１の箇所を通過する空気量を調整して上記風除室と室外との気圧差を調整することができる。
なお、開閉扉１２０の隙間の箇所において充分な空気が廊下室１１８と居室１５８の間を流通することができれば、第２開口部１４１と第２圧力調整扉１４０は省略することもできる。
【００２６】
ところで、隔壁１１２には換気用開口部１２６が設けられているため、玄関扉１１６の開放に伴い、バルコニー側の室外の気圧が第２室外給気口１３２、天井裏の第１、第２空間、第１室内給気口１３４、居室１５４、１５６の扉１５４Ａ、１５６Ａを経由して廊下室１１８の気圧に影響を与え、風除室による気圧緩和の作用を阻害するおそれがある。
このため、制御手段２００は、玄関扉開放検知手段２０２から玄関扉１１６の開放操作を検知した検知信号を受けたときに所定時間（玄関扉１１６を開放操作するために必要な時間）だけ換気用圧力調整扉１２８に制御信号を与えて閉鎖する。
これにより、バルコニー側の室外の気圧が廊下室１１８の気圧に影響を与えることが防止され、風除室による気圧緩和を確実に行なわれ、玄関扉１１６を容易に開放することができるようになっている。
【００２７】
また、換気扇１４２、１４４が作動した場合には、先に説明したように、第２室外給気口１３２の給気シャッタ１３３が開放されることによって室外の空気が天井裏の第２空間を経由して第２室内給気口１３６から流通するので、換気扇１４２、１４４による排気動作によって室内が負圧となり玄関扉１１６が開けにくくなることが防止される。
【００２８】
また、高層マンションのように高層階と低層階とで室内と室外との気圧差が異なるような場合には、換気用圧力調整扉１２８の開口面積を調整することで換気量を適切な値に調整することができる。また、これと同様に、第１、第２圧力調整扉１３８、１４０の開口面積を調整することで廊下室１１８に形成される風除室と玄関開口部１１５側の室外との気圧差を適切な値に調整することができる。
【００２９】
なお、上述した実施の形態では、タイマ手段２０８を制御手段２００と別に設けたが、タイマ手段２０８は制御手段２００に含まれているタイマＩＣなどのハードウェアによって構成してもよいし、制御手段２００の制御プログラムによって実現されるソフトウェアによって構成してもよい。
また、給気シャッタには、タイマ手段と組み合わされて構成され、このタイマ手段の計時動作に基づいて開閉動作を行うように構成されたものが知られているが、このような給気シャッタを用いてもよい。すなわち、給気シャッタ１３３は、制御手段２００の制御によって閉鎖されたことで上記タイマ手段を起動させるとともに、上記タイマ手段が所定時間を計時したことに基づいて給気シャッタ１３３を自ら開放するように構成してもよい。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、室内と室外とを連通する玄関開口部と、該玄関開口部を開閉する玄関扉と、室内と室外とを連通するバルコニー開口部とを備え、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部とが室内を介して連通可能に構成された建築物に配設され、室内と室外の間で空気を流通させる換気システムであって、室内天井壁と、上壁と、側壁と、隔壁と、換気用開口部と、換気用圧力調整扉と、第１、第２室外給気口と、第１、第２室内給気口とを備え、前記室内天井壁はその下方に室内が臨む箇所に設けられ、前記上壁は前記室内天井壁の上方にこれら天井壁と間隔を隔てて設けられ、前記側壁は前記室内天井壁と前記上壁とを接続し、これらの壁により天井裏の空間を形成するように設けられ、前記隔壁は前記天井裏の空間を前記玄関開口部に近い側の第１空間と前記バルコニー開口部に近い側の第２空間とに区画するように設けられ、前記換気用開口部は前記第１空間と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記隔壁に設けられ、前記換気用圧力調整扉は前記換気用開口部を開閉するように設けられるとともに、前記換気用開口部の開口面積を調整することで前記換気用開口部の箇所を流れる空気の量が所定範囲となるように構成され、前記第１室内給気口は前記第１空間と該第１空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第２室内給気口は前記第２空間と該第２空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第１室外給気口は前記玄関開口部側の室外と前記第１空間とを連通するように前記玄関開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられ、前記第２室外給気口は前記バルコニー開口部側の室外と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記バルコニー開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられた構成とした。
そのため、玄関側からバルコニー側に向かう方向に空気が吹きつけたときには、その空気は第１室外給気口から第１空間、換気用開口部、第２空間、第２室外給気口という経路を経て流通し、バルコニー側から玄関側からに向かう方向に空気が吹きつけたときには、その空気は第２室外給気口から第２空間、換気用開口部、第１空間、第１室外給気口という経路を経て流通する。この結果、室外の空気は第１空間から第１室内給気口を経由して居室に流通し、また、第２空間から第２室内給気口を経由して居室に流通する。したがって、玄関扉やバルコニーの戸を開放したり、換気扇を作動させたりすることなく、自然の空気の流れを利用して室内外で効率よく常時換気を行うことが可能となり、室内外に適切に空気を流通させることができる。
【００３２】
また、本発明は、室内と室外とを連通する玄関開口部と、該玄関開口部を開閉する玄関扉と、室内と室外とを連通するバルコニー開口部とを備え、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部とが室内を介して連通可能に構成された建築物に配設され、室内と室外の間で空気を流通させる換気システムであって、廊下室と、開閉扉と、室内天井壁と、上壁と、側壁と、隔壁と、換気用開口部と、換気用圧力調整扉と、第１、第２室外給気口と、第１、第２室内給気口と、玄関扉開放検知手段と、制御手段とを備え、前記廊下室は前記玄関開口部に接続されて設けられ、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部の間を連通する空間の一部を構成し、前記開閉扉は前記空間を区画して前記玄関開口部との間に風除室が形成されるように前記廊下室の中間箇所に配設され、前記室内天井壁はその下方に室内が臨む箇所に設けられ、前記上壁は前記室内天井壁の上方にこれら天井壁と間隔を隔てて設けられ、前記側壁は前記室内天井壁と前記上壁とを接続し、これらの壁により天井裏の空間を形成するように設けられ、前記隔壁は前記天井裏の空間を前記玄関開口部に近い側の第１空間と前記バルコニー開口部に近い側の第２空間とに区画するように設けられ、前記換気用開口部は前記第１空間と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記隔壁に設けられ、前記換気用圧力調整扉は前記換気用開口部を開閉するように設けられるとともに、前記換気用開口部の開口面積を調整することで前記換気用開口部の箇所を流れる空気の量が所定範囲となるように、かつ、前記制御手段の制御によって前記換気用開口部を閉鎖するように構成され、前記第１室内給気口は前記第１空間と該第１空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第２室内給気口は前記第２空間と該第２空間の下方に位置する居室とを連通するように前記室内天井壁に設けられ、前記第１室外給気口は前記玄関開口部側の室外と前記第１空間とを連通するように前記玄関開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられ、前記第２室外給気口は前記バルコニー開口部側の室外と前記第２空間とを連通するように前記バルコニー開口部側の室外に面する前記側壁に設けられ、前記玄関扉開放検知手段は前記玄関扉のノブが開放操作されたことを検知するように構成され、前記制御手段は前記玄関扉開放検知手段が前記玄関扉の開放操作を検知したときに所定時間だけ前記換気用圧力調整扉を閉鎖させるように制御するように構成した。
そのため、玄関扉やバルコニーの戸を開放したり、換気扇を作動させたりすることなく、自然の空気の流れを利用して室内外で効率よく常時換気を行うことが可能となり、室内外に適切に空気を流通させることができる。また、玄関扉に対して空気が吹き付けることで、玄関開口部側の室外が正圧となり室内が負圧となった場合でも、開閉扉が閉鎖されて廊下室に風除室が形成されることで、この風除室の作用によって室内外の圧力差が緩和されるため、玄関扉にかかる圧力が低減され、玄関扉を容易に開放することができる。さらに、玄関扉開放検知手段が玄関扉の開放操作を検知したときに所定時間だけ換気用圧力調整扉を閉鎖することで、バルコニー側の室外の気圧が廊下室の気圧に影響を与えることを防止して風除室による気圧緩和が確実に行われる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の換気システムの実施の形態の構成を示す居室部分の平面図である。
【図２】同実施の形態における天井裏部分の平面図である。
【図３】図２のＡＡ線断面図である。
【図４】同実施の形態における給気シャッターの制御動作を説明するフローチャートである。
【図５】同実施の形態における制御系の構成を示すブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
１００建築物
１０２床壁
１０４側壁
１０６上壁
１０８室内天井壁
１１２隔壁
１１５玄関開口部
１１６玄関扉
１２３バルコニー開口部
１２６換気用開口部
１２８換気用圧力調整扉
１３０第１室外給気口
１３２第２室外給気口
１３４第１室内給気口
１３６第２室内給気口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation system for circulating indoor and outdoor air in a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in a building such as a high-rise apartment, when the entrance door is opened and closed, if there is a pressure difference between the interior and the exterior of the building, the entrance and exit of the entrance door may be hindered. For example, if a strong wind is blowing toward the entrance door or the indoor fan is operated to exhaust the indoor air to the outside of the building, the indoor pressure becomes negative and the outdoor The atmospheric pressure becomes positive, and the entrance door is difficult to open due to a difference in atmospheric pressure inside and outside the room. In order to avoid such a door opening / closing failure, it is necessary to appropriately distribute the air inside and outside the room in order to reduce the pressure difference between the room and the room.
[0003]
By the way, conventionally, in order to ventilate between the room and the outside, an air supply port through which air flows is provided near the entrance door, or air in the room and outside is circulated using the space behind the ceiling. It has been done. And the atmospheric | air pressure difference of an indoor and an outdoor is relieve | moderated by the circulation | circulation of such indoor and outdoor air.
In addition, the knob and key mechanism of the entrance door is provided with an opening and a pressure adjustment door that opens and closes the opening, and by opening and closing the pressure adjustment door in conjunction with the operation of the knob, There has also been proposed a technique for reducing air pressure difference between indoors and outdoors by circulating air.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the air supply opening provided near the entrance door is for ventilation purposes, and the effective opening area of the air supply opening is small and the air supply amount from the outside to the indoor is insufficient. The pressure difference between the two has not been alleviated.
The same applies to the case where air is circulated using the space behind the ceiling, and is intended for ventilation.The air circulation route is narrow at the outdoor air inlet, wide at the space behind the ceiling, and indoor. It is narrowing again at the air inlet. For this reason, the flow area of the air flowing into the indoor from the outside is reduced, expanded, and reduced, the resistance between the flow paths is large, the air supply amount from the outdoor to the indoor is insufficient, and the atmospheric pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor The function to relax was insufficient.
In addition, when the pressure adjustment door is opened and closed in conjunction with the operation of the knob, the air between the room and the outside is circulated to reduce the pressure difference between the room and the outside, the mechanism of the knob and the key is limited. Since the opening is provided in the space, the effective opening area of the opening is small, the air supply amount from the outdoor to the indoor is insufficient, and the function of reducing the pressure difference between the indoor and the outdoor is insufficient.
Further, when indoor air is exhausted indoors using a ventilation fan, there is a problem that the pressure difference between the room and the outside increases, making it difficult to open the entrance door.
Also, when exhausting indoor air outdoors using a ventilator indoors, if the indoor pressure is negative and the outdoor pressure is positive, the ventilation amount of the ventilator will decrease and an excessive load will be applied to the ventilator Problems also arise.
In addition, in order to ventilate indoors and outdoors in such a building, you must open the entrance door and balcony door, or operate the ventilation fan to exhaust the indoor air to the outside, Ventilation efficiency was not good.
The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system that can appropriately distribute indoor and outdoor air.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises an entrance opening that allows communication between the interior and the exterior, an entrance door that opens and closes the entrance opening, and a balcony opening that allows communication between the interior and the exterior. Part and the balcony opening are arranged in a building configured to be able to communicate with each other through a room, and a ventilation system that circulates air between the room and the outside, an indoor ceiling wall, an upper wall, A side wall, a partition wall, a ventilation opening, a ventilation pressure adjustment door, first and second outdoor air inlets, and first and second indoor air inlets; The upper wall is provided above the indoor ceiling wall at a distance from the ceiling wall, the side wall connects the indoor ceiling wall and the upper wall, and these walls The partition wall is provided so as to form a space behind the ceiling. The ventilation opening is provided so as to partition into a first space close to the entrance opening and a second space close to the balcony opening, and the ventilation opening communicates the first space and the second space. The ventilation pressure adjusting door is provided so as to open and close the ventilation opening, and the opening area of the ventilation opening is adjusted by adjusting an opening area of the ventilation opening. The first indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so that the first space communicates with a living room located below the first space. The second indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the second space and a living room located below the second space, and the first outdoor air supply port is provided in the entrance opening. So that the outdoor part on the side of the room communicates with the first space. Provided on the side wall facing the outdoor side on the opening side, the second outdoor air supply port faces the outdoor side on the balcony opening side so as to communicate the outdoor on the balcony opening side and the second space. It is provided on the side wall.
In the present invention, a control means is provided, and an opening / closing means is provided in at least one of the first and second outdoor air supply ports, and the opening / closing means is controlled by the control means. It is configured to open and close at least one of the mouths.
The present invention also provides a ventilation fan for exhausting air in the room to the outside, an exhaust duct for guiding the air exhausted by the ventilation fan from the room to the outside, and a ventilation fan operation detecting means for detecting that the ventilation fan has been activated. The control means is configured to open the opening / closing means when the operation of the ventilation fan is recognized by the ventilation fan operation detection means.
Further, the present invention provides a timer means that operates when the opening / closing means is closed, and the control means is configured to open the opening / closing means based on the timer means counting a predetermined time. It is characterized by being.
Further, the present invention provides a timer means that operates when the opening / closing means is closed, and the opening / closing means is configured to open itself based on the fact that the timer means has counted a predetermined time. Features.
In addition, the present invention provides a partition wall that partitions the living room, forms a ventilation space extending in the vertical direction inside the partition wall, communicates the ventilation space and the space behind the ceiling, and the partition wall And a wall air supply port communicating with the ventilation space.
Ma The present invention further includes an entrance opening that communicates between the room and the outside, an entrance door that opens and closes the entrance opening, and a balcony opening that communicates between the room and the outside, the entrance opening and the balcony. A ventilation system that is arranged in a building that is configured to communicate with an opening through a room and circulates air between the room and the outside, and includes a corridor room, an opening / closing door, an indoor ceiling wall, Upper wall, side wall, partition wall, ventilation opening, pressure adjusting door for ventilation, first and second outdoor air supply ports, first and second indoor air supply ports, and door opening detection means And the control means, the corridor chamber is provided connected to the entrance opening, and constitutes a part of a space communicating between the entrance opening and the balcony opening, A space between the hallway chamber and a windbreak chamber is formed between the entrance opening and the space. The indoor ceiling wall is provided at a location where the room faces the lower side, the upper wall is provided above the indoor ceiling wall and spaced from the ceiling wall, and the side wall is the indoor ceiling. A wall and the upper wall are connected to each other so as to form a space behind the ceiling by these walls, and the partition wall opens the balcony to the first space on the side close to the entrance opening and the balcony opening. The ventilation opening is provided in the partition so as to communicate with the first space and the second space, and the ventilation pressure adjusting door is provided. Is provided to open and close the ventilation opening, and by adjusting the opening area of the ventilation opening, the amount of air flowing through the ventilation opening is within a predetermined range, and The ventilation means is controlled by the control means. The first indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the first space and a living room located below the first space; An indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the second space and a living room located below the second space, and the first outdoor air supply port is connected to the outside on the entrance opening side. Provided on the side wall facing the outside on the entrance opening side so as to communicate with the first space, and the second outdoor air supply port communicates the outside on the balcony opening side with the second space. As described above, the entrance door opening detection means is configured to detect that the knob of the entrance door is opened, and the control means is configured to detect the entrance of the balcony. When the door opening detection means detects the opening operation of the entrance door Control is performed so that the pressure adjusting door for ventilation is closed for a predetermined time.
According to the present invention, the control means is constituted by a microcomputer or a personal computer.
[0006]
In the ventilation system of the present invention, when air blows in the direction from the entrance side to the balcony side, the air is supplied from the first outdoor air supply port to the first space, the ventilation opening, the second space, and the second outdoor supply. When air is circulated through the route called the air vent and air is blown in the direction from the balcony side to the entrance side, the air flows from the second outdoor air supply port to the second space, the ventilation opening, the first space, It circulates through a route called one outdoor air supply port. That is, air can be circulated from either the balcony side or the entrance side toward the lower side from the higher atmospheric pressure side. As a result, the outdoor air flows from the first space to the living room via the first indoor air supply port, and also flows from the second space to the living room via the second indoor air supply port. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently and constantly ventilate indoors and outdoors using the flow of natural air without opening the entrance door or the balcony door or operating the ventilation fan.
Ma In addition, the ventilation system of the present invention makes it possible to efficiently and constantly ventilate indoors and outdoors using the flow of natural air without opening the entrance door or balcony door or operating the ventilation fan. It becomes. In addition, when air is blown against the entrance door, the open / close door is closed and a windbreak room is formed in the corridor room even when the outdoor side of the entrance opening side becomes positive pressure and the room becomes negative pressure. Thus, the pressure difference inside and outside the room is alleviated by the action of the windbreak chamber, so that the pressure applied to the entrance door is reduced, and the entrance door can be easily opened. Furthermore, by closing the ventilation pressure adjustment door for a predetermined time when the entrance door opening detection means detects the opening operation of the entrance door, it prevents the outdoor pressure on the balcony side from affecting the pressure in the corridor room Thus, it is possible to reliably reduce the atmospheric pressure by the windbreak chamber.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a ventilation system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a plan view of a living room portion showing the configuration of an embodiment of the ventilation system of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a ceiling back portion in the same embodiment, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the control operation of the air supply shutter in the embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control system in the embodiment.
[0008]
The overall configuration of the ventilation system will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the present embodiment, an example in which the ventilation system of the present invention is applied to a building constituting an apartment house such as an apartment will be described.
The building 100 includes a floor wall 102, a side wall 104 erected from a side edge of the floor wall 102, an upper wall 106 (see FIG. 3) connecting the upper part of the side wall 104, and an indoor ceiling wall 108 (see FIG. 2). , Partition 112, entrance room 114, entrance opening 115, entrance door 116, corridor room 118, opening / closing door 120, balcony 122, balcony opening 123, outer corridor 124, ventilation opening 126, ventilation pressure adjusting door 128, First and second outdoor air inlets 130 and 132, first and second indoor air inlets 134 and 136, first and second pressure regulating doors 138 and 140, ventilation fans 142 and 144, and exhaust ducts 146, 148 and 150 Further, an indoor exhaust port 152, a control means 200 (see FIG. 5) and the like are provided.
[0009]
Two living rooms 154 and 156 are provided on the side close to the entrance opening 115, and one living room 158 is provided on the side close to the balcony opening 123. Between the living rooms 154 and 156 and the living room 158, a kitchen 160, a bathroom 162, a toilet room 164, and a washroom 168 are provided. Each of these chambers is partitioned by a partition wall 170. Note that the living rooms 154, 156, 158, the kitchen 160, the bathroom 162, the toilet room 164, and the washroom 168 all correspond to the claimed rooms.
In FIG. 1, 154A is the door of the living room 154, 154B is the window of the living room 154, 156A is the door of the living room 156, 156B is the window of the living room 156, 160A and 160B are the entrances and exits of the kitchen 160, 162A is the sliding door of the bathroom 162, 164A is a door of the toilet room 164, and 168A is a door of the washroom 168.
[0010]
The entrance opening 115 is provided so as to communicate between the interior and the exterior, and the entrance door 116 is provided so as to open and close the entrance opening 115.
The balcony opening 123 is provided so as to communicate with the outside of the room, and the balcony door 125 is provided so as to open and close the balcony opening 123.
[0011]
The shaded portion in FIG. 2 shows an indoor ceiling wall 108, and this indoor ceiling wall 108 is provided at a position where the room faces below. The upper wall 106 is provided above the indoor ceiling wall 108 and spaced from the ceiling wall 108. The side wall 104 connects the indoor ceiling wall 108 and the upper wall 106 and is provided so as to form a space behind the ceiling by these walls.
The partition wall 112 is provided so as to partition the space behind the ceiling into a first space near the entrance opening 115 and a second space near the balcony opening 123. The first space is a space behind the ceiling where the living rooms 154 and 156 are located below, and the second space is the ceiling behind which the living room 158, the kitchen 160, the bathroom 162, the toilet room 164 and the washroom 166 are located. It is space.
In FIG. 2, indoor ceiling walls 108 are not provided in places that are not shaded, that is, places corresponding to the hallway room 118 and a part of the living room 158 (left side in FIG. 2). The space behind the ceiling is not formed.
[0012]
The ventilation opening 126 is provided in the partition 112 so as to communicate the first space and the second space. The ventilation pressure adjusting door 128 is provided so as to open and close the ventilation opening 126 by a control means 200 (see FIG. 5) to be described later, and the ventilation opening 126 is adjusted by adjusting the opening area of the ventilation opening 126. The amount of air flowing through the part is configured to be within a predetermined range.
[0013]
The first indoor air supply port 134 is provided in the indoor ceiling wall 108 so as to communicate the first space and the living rooms 154 and 156 located below the first space.
The second indoor air supply port 136 communicates with the second space and the living room 158 located below the second space, the kitchen 160, the bathroom 162, the toilet room 164, and the washroom 166, respectively. Is provided.
[0014]
The first outdoor air inlet 130 is provided on the side wall 104 facing the outdoor on the entrance opening 115 side so as to communicate the outdoor on the entrance opening 115 side and the first space.
The second outdoor air inlet 132 is provided in the side wall 104 facing the outdoor on the balcony opening 123 side so as to communicate the outdoor on the balcony opening 123 side and the second space. The second outdoor air supply port 132 is provided with an air supply shutter 133 (corresponding to the opening / closing device in the claims) that opens and closes the second external air supply port under the control of the control unit 200 described later.
[0015]
The ventilation fan 142 exhausts the air in the kitchen 160 to the outside, and the exhaust duct 146 is arranged to guide the air exhausted by the ventilation fan 142 from the room to the outside on the balcony 120 side.
The indoor exhaust ports 152 are respectively provided in the indoor ceiling wall 108 of the bathroom 162, the toilet room 164, and the washroom 166, and each indoor exhaust port 152 is communicated with the space near the air supply port of the ventilation fan 144 by the exhaust duct 150. ing. The ventilation fan 144 sucks the air in the bathroom 162, the toilet room 164, and the washroom 166 through these exhaust ducts 150 and exhausts the air outside the room. The exhaust duct 148 exhausts the air exhausted by the ventilation fan 144. It arrange | positions so that it may guide from the room | chamber exterior to the balcony 120 side.
[0016]
Next, the configuration of the control system will be described with reference to FIG.
The control means 200 is composed of a microcomputer or a personal computer, and includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an interface, a display, and the like.
The control means 200 is connected to the ventilation fan operation detection means 202, the entrance door opening detection means 204, the air supply shutter operation switch 206, the timer means 208, the air supply shutter 133, and the ventilation pressure adjustment door 128 via signal lines. .
The ventilating fan operation detecting means 202 is provided in each of the ventilating fans 142 and 144, and is configured to detect that the ventilating fan has been operated and to provide a detection signal to the control means 200.
The entrance door opening detection means 204 is disposed on the entrance door 116, and is configured to detect that the knob of the entrance door 116 is opened and to give a detection signal to the control means 200.
The air supply shutter operation switch 206 is disposed at a place in the room. By operating the air supply shutter operation switch 206, an operation signal for opening and closing the air supply shutter 133 is given to the control means 200. It is configured.
The timer means 208 is configured to start a time measuring operation in response to an activation signal from the control means 200 and to give a time measuring signal indicating that the time measurement for a predetermined time has ended to the control means 200.
The air supply shutter 133 and the ventilation pressure adjusting door 128 are configured to be opened and closed by a control signal from the control means 200.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 3, the partition wall 170 that partitions the toilet room 164 and the washroom 168 has a ventilation space 171 extending in the vertical direction therein.
The ventilation space 171 and the space behind the ceiling communicate with each other, and at the lower end of the partition wall 170, a wall air supply port 170A communicating with the ventilation space 171 is provided on each side of the toilet room 164 and the bathroom 168. It is arranged to face.
[0018]
The corridor room 118 is provided connected to the entrance opening 115 and constitutes a part of a space communicating between the entrance opening 115 and the balcony opening 123. The opening / closing door 120 is disposed at an intermediate position of the hallway chamber 118 so that a windbreak chamber is formed between the door opening 115 and the entrance opening 115.
[0019]
A first opening 139 is disposed in the entrance door 115 so as to communicate the outdoor and the windbreak chamber. The first pressure adjusting door 138 is provided to open and close the first opening 139, and the amount of air flowing through the first opening 139 by adjusting the opening area of the first opening 139 is within a predetermined range. It is comprised so that.
In the opening / closing door 120, a second opening 141 is disposed so as to communicate between the windbreak chamber and a space communicating with the balcony opening 123. The second pressure adjusting door 140 is provided to open and close the second opening 141, and the amount of air flowing through the second opening 141 by adjusting the opening area of the second opening 141. Is configured to be within a predetermined range
The entrance door 115 and the open / close door 120 are provided with a door closer (not shown) so that the door is always closed.
[0020]
Next, a normal ventilation operation with the above-described configuration will be described.
When strong wind or the like is not generated, the air supply shutter 133 of the second outdoor air supply port 132 is kept open.
Therefore, when air is blown in the direction from the entrance side to the balcony side, the air flows from the first outdoor air supply port 130 to the first space, the ventilation opening 126, the second space, and the second outdoor air supply. It circulates through a route called a mouth 132. Then, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 3, the air flows from the first space to the living rooms 154 and 156 via the first indoor air supply port 134 and from the second space via the second indoor air supply port 136. It distributes to the living room 158, the kitchen 160, the toilet room 164, the bathroom 162, and the washroom 168.
When air is blown in the direction from the balcony side to the entrance side, the air is supplied from the second outdoor air supply port 132 to the second space, the ventilation opening 126, the first space, and the first outdoor air supply. It circulates through the path | route called the opening | mouth 130, and distribute | circulates to the living rooms 154 and 156 via the 1st indoor air supply opening 134 from the 1st space similarly to the above, and passes the 2nd indoor air supply opening 136 from the 2nd space The living room 158, the kitchen 160, the toilet room 164, the bathroom 162, and the washroom 168 are distributed.
Therefore, according to the ventilation system according to the present embodiment, efficient ventilation is always performed indoors and outdoors using the flow of natural air, without opening the entrance door or balcony door or operating the ventilation fan. It becomes possible. At this time, air can be circulated from either the balcony side or the entrance side toward the lower side from the higher atmospheric pressure side.
[0021]
Further, since air flows from the wall air supply port 170A disposed at the lower end via the ventilation space 171 inside the partition wall 170 to the toilet room 164 and the washroom 168, normal ventilation suddenly occurs. A sufficient amount of air flows through difficult areas. The wall air supply port 170A is preferably provided in a place where ventilation is not sufficiently performed, for example, in a storage box or a closet, in order to improve ventilation.
[0022]
Further, the amount of air flowing through each of the living rooms 154, 156, 158, the toilet room 164, the bathroom 162, and the washroom 168 is arbitrary by adjusting the opening area of the ventilation pressure adjusting door 128 provided in the ventilation opening 126. Can be adjusted. The opening area of the ventilation pressure adjusting door 128 can be adjusted as follows, for example. That is, an opening for operation is provided at a location on the indoor ceiling wall 108 near the location where the ventilation pressure adjustment door 128 is disposed, and the opening area of the ventilation pressure adjustment door 128 is manually adjusted from the opening. Should be done.
[0023]
On the other hand, when a strong wind occurs due to weather such as a typhoon, a control operation as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4 is performed.
First, when a resident blows strong wind from the open second outdoor air supply port 132, noise is generated from the first and second indoor air supply ports 134 and 136, or cold air enters the living room. It is determined whether or not there is a trouble such as (step S10).
The resident is not required to operate the air supply shutter operation switch 206 if it is determined that there is no particular problem. As a result, the control means 200 holds the air supply shutter 133 of the second outdoor air supply port 132 in an open state (step S18), and proceeds to step S10.
If there is a problem caused by a strong wind, the resident operates the air supply shutter operation switch 206 to close the air supply shutter. The control means 200 gives a control signal to the air supply shutter 133 based on the operation signal given from the air supply shutter operation switch 206 and closes it (step S12). Then, the timer means 208 is activated by giving an activation signal.
Next, the control unit 200 determines whether or not the ventilation fan is activated based on the detection signal from the ventilation fan operation detection unit 202 of the ventilation fans 142 and 144 (step S14). When it is determined that at least one of the ventilation fans 142 and 144 is operating, a control signal is given to the air supply shutter 133 of the second outdoor air supply port 132 to open it (step S18), and the process proceeds to step S10.
Therefore, by guiding the outdoor air from the second outdoor air supply port 132 to the living room via the second indoor air supply port 136, the ventilation amount by the ventilation fans 142 and 144 is secured, and an excessive load is applied to the ventilation fans. The problem can be prevented.
[0024]
On the other hand, when it is determined in step S14 that both the ventilation fans 142 and 144 are inactive, the closed state of the supply shutter 133 of the second outdoor supply port 132 is maintained. Then, when the timer means 208 activated in step S12 gives a timing signal indicating that a predetermined time (for example, 8 hours) has been counted to the control means 200 (step S16), the control means 200 causes the second outdoor air supply port 132 to be measured. The air supply shutter 133 is opened by giving a control signal (step S18), and the process proceeds to step S10. As a result, even when the air supply shutter 133 of the second outdoor air supply port 132 is closed, the indoor / outdoor ventilation operation is automatically started by opening the second outdoor air supply port 132 after a predetermined time has elapsed. can do.
[0025]
Next, the ventilation operation at the time of opening and closing the entrance door with the above-described configuration will be described.
As described above, by providing the opening / closing door 120 at an intermediate position of the hallway chamber 118, a windbreak chamber is formed between the opening / closing door 120 and the entrance opening 115. A first pressure adjustment door 138 is disposed in the first opening 139 of the entrance door 116, and a second pressure adjustment door 140 is disposed in the second opening 141 of the opening / closing door 120.
Therefore, even when air blows against the entrance door 116 and the outdoor side of the entrance opening 115 side has a positive pressure and the room has a negative pressure, the opening / closing door 120 is closed and the corridor chamber 118 has a wind vent room. By being formed, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the room is relieved by the action of the windbreak chamber, so that the pressure applied to the entrance door 116 is reduced, and the entrance door 116 can be easily opened.
Further, by adjusting the opening areas of the first and second pressure adjusting doors 138 and 140, the amount of air passing through the first and second opening portions 139 and 141 is adjusted, and The atmospheric pressure difference can be adjusted.
Note that the second opening 141 and the second pressure adjustment door 140 can be omitted if sufficient air can flow between the hallway chamber 118 and the living room 158 at the gap between the opening and closing door 120.
[0026]
By the way, since the ventilation opening 126 is provided in the partition wall 112, when the entrance door 116 is opened, the outdoor air pressure on the balcony side is changed to the second outdoor air inlet 132, the first and second spaces on the ceiling. The air pressure in the corridor chamber 118 is affected via the first indoor air supply port 134 and the doors 154A and 156A of the living rooms 154 and 156, and there is a possibility that the air pressure relaxation action by the wind vent room may be hindered.
For this reason, when the control means 200 receives the detection signal that detects the opening operation of the entrance door 116 from the entrance door opening detection means 202, the control means 200 is for ventilation for a predetermined time (time required for opening the entrance door 116). A control signal is given to the pressure adjustment door 128 to close it.
As a result, the outdoor air pressure on the balcony side is prevented from affecting the air pressure in the corridor chamber 118, the air pressure is reliably reduced by the windbreak chamber, and the entrance door 116 can be easily opened. ing.
[0027]
Further, when the ventilation fans 142 and 144 are activated, as described above, the air supply shutter 133 of the second outdoor air supply port 132 is opened, so that outdoor air passes through the second space behind the ceiling. And since it distribute | circulates from the 2nd indoor air supply opening 136, it is prevented that the indoor becomes a negative pressure by the exhaust operation by the ventilation fans 142 and 144, and the entrance door 116 becomes difficult to open.
[0028]
In addition, when the atmospheric pressure difference between the high and low floors is different between the high floor and the low floor as in a high-rise apartment, the ventilation volume can be adjusted to an appropriate value by adjusting the opening area of the ventilation pressure adjustment door 128. Can be adjusted. Similarly, by adjusting the opening area of the first and second pressure adjusting doors 138 and 140, the pressure difference between the windbreak chamber formed in the hallway chamber 118 and the outside on the entrance opening 115 side is appropriately adjusted. Can be adjusted to any value.
[0029]
In the above-described embodiment, the timer unit 208 is provided separately from the control unit 200. However, the timer unit 208 may be configured by hardware such as a timer IC included in the control unit 200, or the control unit. You may comprise by the software implement | achieved by 200 control programs.
Further, there is known an air supply shutter that is configured in combination with timer means and configured to perform an opening / closing operation based on a time measuring operation of the timer means. It may be used. In other words, the air supply shutter 133 is activated by the control of the control means 200 to activate the timer means, and the air supply shutter 133 opens itself when the timer means times a predetermined time. It may be configured.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention comprises an entrance opening that communicates the interior and the exterior, an entrance door that opens and closes the entrance opening, and a balcony opening that communicates the interior and the exterior, the entrance opening and the balcony opening Is a ventilation system that is arranged in a building configured to be able to communicate with each other through a room and distributes air between the room and the outside, and includes an indoor ceiling wall, an upper wall, a side wall, a partition wall, A ventilation opening, a ventilation pressure adjusting door, first and second outdoor air supply ports, and first and second indoor air supply ports are provided, and the indoor ceiling wall is located at a position where the room faces below. The upper wall is provided above the indoor ceiling wall and spaced from the ceiling wall, and the side wall connects the indoor ceiling wall and the upper wall, and these walls provide a space behind the ceiling. The partition is provided so as to form a space behind the ceiling close to the entrance opening. And the ventilation opening is provided in the partition so as to connect the first space and the second space. The ventilation pressure adjusting door is provided so as to open and close the ventilation opening, and an amount of air flowing through the ventilation opening is predetermined by adjusting an opening area of the ventilation opening. The first indoor air supply port is provided on the indoor ceiling wall so as to connect the first space and a living room located below the first space, and the second indoor air supply port. An air vent is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the second space and a living room located below the second space, and the first outdoor air supply port is provided outside the door opening side and the first space. Facing the outside of the entrance opening side so as to communicate with one space The second outdoor air supply port is provided on the side wall, and the second outdoor air supply port is provided on the side wall facing the outdoor on the balcony opening side so as to communicate the outdoor on the balcony opening side and the second space; did.
Therefore, when air blows in the direction from the entrance side to the balcony side, the air travels from the first outdoor air supply port to the first space, the ventilation opening, the second space, and the second outdoor air supply port. When air is blown in the direction from the balcony side to the entrance side, the air flows from the second outdoor air supply port to the second space, the ventilation opening, the first space, and the first outdoor air supply port. It distributes through the route. As a result, the outdoor air flows from the first space to the living room via the first indoor air supply port, and also flows from the second space to the living room via the second indoor air supply port. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently and constantly ventilate indoors and outdoors using natural air flow without opening the entrance door or balcony door or operating the ventilation fan. Air can be circulated.
[0032]
In addition, the present invention includes an entrance opening that allows communication between the interior and the exterior, an entrance door that opens and closes the entrance opening, and a balcony opening that allows communication between the interior and the exterior. The entrance opening and the balcony A ventilation system that is arranged in a building that is configured to communicate with an opening through a room and circulates air between the room and the outside, and includes a corridor room, an opening / closing door, an indoor ceiling wall, Upper wall, side wall, partition wall, ventilation opening, pressure adjusting door for ventilation, first and second outdoor air supply ports, first and second indoor air supply ports, and door opening detection means And the control means, the corridor chamber is provided connected to the entrance opening, and constitutes a part of a space communicating between the entrance opening and the balcony opening, In the hallway room, a windbreak room is formed between the entrance opening and the space. The indoor ceiling wall is provided at a location where the room faces the lower side, the upper wall is provided above the indoor ceiling wall and spaced from the ceiling wall, and the side wall is the indoor ceiling. A wall and the upper wall are connected to each other so as to form a space behind the ceiling by these walls, and the partition wall opens the balcony to the first space on the side close to the entrance opening and the balcony opening. The ventilation opening is provided in the partition so as to communicate with the first space and the second space, and the ventilation pressure adjusting door is provided. Is provided to open and close the ventilation opening, and by adjusting the opening area of the ventilation opening, the amount of air flowing through the ventilation opening is within a predetermined range, and The ventilation is controlled by the control means. The first indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the first space and a living room located below the first space, and is configured to close the opening. An indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the second space and a living room located below the second space, and the first outdoor air supply port is connected to the outside on the entrance opening side. Provided on the side wall facing the outside on the entrance opening side so as to communicate with the first space, and the second outdoor air supply port communicates the outside on the balcony opening side with the second space. The entrance door opening detection means is configured to detect that the knob of the entrance door is opened, and the control means is configured to detect the entrance of the balcony. When the door opening detection means detects the opening operation of the entrance door And controlling to close the pressure adjusting door for ventilation for a predetermined time.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently and constantly ventilate indoors and outdoors using the flow of natural air without opening the entrance door or balcony door or operating the ventilation fan. Air can be circulated. In addition, when air is blown against the entrance door, the open / close door is closed and a windbreak room is formed in the corridor room even when the outdoor side of the entrance opening side becomes positive pressure and the room becomes negative pressure. Thus, the pressure difference inside and outside the room is alleviated by the action of the windbreak chamber, so that the pressure applied to the entrance door is reduced, and the entrance door can be easily opened. Furthermore, by closing the ventilation pressure adjustment door for a predetermined time when the entrance door opening detection means detects the opening operation of the entrance door, it prevents the outdoor pressure on the balcony side from affecting the pressure in the corridor room Thus, the pressure relief by the windbreak chamber is reliably performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a room portion showing a configuration of an embodiment of a ventilation system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a ceiling back portion in the same embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an air supply shutter control operation according to the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control system in the same embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 buildings
102 Floor wall
104 Side wall
106 Upper wall
108 Indoor ceiling wall
112 Bulkhead
115 Entrance opening
116 Entrance door
123 Balcony opening
126 Ventilation opening
128 Ventilation pressure adjustment door
130 1st outdoor air inlet
132 Second outdoor air inlet
134 First indoor air inlet
136 Second indoor air inlet

Claims

A door opening that communicates the interior and the exterior of the room, a door that opens and closes the door opening, and a balcony opening that communicates the interior and the exterior. The entrance opening and the balcony opening are provided inside the room. A ventilation system that is arranged in a building configured to be able to communicate with each other, and circulates air between indoors and outdoors,
An indoor ceiling wall, an upper wall, a side wall, a partition wall, a ventilation opening, a ventilation pressure adjusting door, first and second outdoor air inlets, and first and second indoor air inlets. Prepared,
The indoor ceiling wall is provided at a location where the room faces below,
The upper wall is provided above the indoor ceiling wall and spaced from the ceiling wall,
The side wall connects the indoor ceiling wall and the upper wall, and these walls are provided to form a space behind the ceiling,
The partition is provided so as to partition the space behind the ceiling into a first space near the entrance opening and a second space near the balcony opening,
The ventilation opening is provided in the partition so as to communicate the first space and the second space;
The ventilation pressure adjusting door is provided to open and close the ventilation opening, and an amount of air flowing through the ventilation opening by adjusting an opening area of the ventilation opening is within a predetermined range. Configured to be
The first indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the first space and a living room located below the first space,
The second indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the second space and a living room located below the second space,
The first outdoor air supply port is provided on the side wall facing the outside on the entrance opening side so as to communicate the outside on the entrance opening side and the first space,
The second outdoor air supply port is provided in the side wall facing the outdoor on the balcony opening side so as to communicate the outdoor on the balcony opening side and the second space,
Ventilation system characterized by that.

A control means is provided, and an opening / closing means is provided in at least one of the first and second outdoor air supply ports. The opening / closing means opens / closes at least one of the first and second outdoor air supply ports under the control of the control means. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation system is configured to.

A ventilation fan for exhausting the air in the living room to the outside, an exhaust duct for guiding the air exhausted by the ventilation fan from the room to the outside, and a ventilation fan operation detecting means for detecting that the ventilation fan has been operated, 3. A ventilation system according to claim 2, wherein the means is configured to open the opening / closing means when the operation of the ventilation fan is recognized by the ventilation fan operation detecting means.

Timer means that operates when the opening / closing means is closed is provided, and the control means is configured to open the opening / closing means based on the time measured by the timer means. The ventilation system according to claim 3.

4. A timer means that operates when the opening / closing means is closed is provided, and the opening / closing means is configured to open itself when the timer means times a predetermined time. The ventilation system described.

A partition wall for partitioning the living room is provided, a ventilation space extending in the vertical direction is formed inside the partition wall, the ventilation space and the space behind the ceiling are connected, and the partition wall is connected to the ventilation space. The ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a wall air supply port is provided.

A door opening that communicates the interior and the exterior of the room, a door that opens and closes the door opening, and a balcony opening that communicates the interior and the exterior. The entrance opening and the balcony opening are provided inside the room. A ventilation system that is arranged in a building configured to be able to communicate with each other, and circulates air between indoors and outdoors,
A corridor room, an opening / closing door, an indoor ceiling wall, an upper wall, a side wall, a partition, a ventilation opening, a ventilation pressure adjusting door, first and second outdoor air inlets, first, A second indoor air inlet, a door opening detection means, and a control means;
The corridor room is provided connected to the entrance opening, and constitutes a part of a space communicating between the entrance opening and the balcony opening,
The open / close door is disposed at an intermediate location of the hallway chamber so that a windbreak chamber is formed between the door opening and the entrance opening.
The indoor ceiling wall is provided at a location where the room faces below,
The upper wall is provided above the indoor ceiling wall and spaced from the ceiling wall,
The side wall connects the indoor ceiling wall and the upper wall, and these walls are provided to form a space behind the ceiling,
The partition is provided so as to partition the space behind the ceiling into a first space near the entrance opening and a second space near the balcony opening,
The ventilation opening is provided in the partition so as to communicate the first space and the second space;
The ventilation pressure adjusting door is provided to open and close the ventilation opening, and an amount of air flowing through the ventilation opening by adjusting an opening area of the ventilation opening is within a predetermined range. And is configured to close the ventilation opening under the control of the control means,
The first indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the first space and a living room located below the first space,
The second indoor air supply port is provided in the indoor ceiling wall so as to communicate the second space and a living room located below the second space,
The first outdoor air supply port is provided on the side wall facing the outside on the entrance opening side so as to communicate the outside on the entrance opening side and the first space,
The second outdoor air supply port is provided in the side wall facing the outdoor side of the balcony opening side so as to communicate the outdoor side of the balcony opening side and the second space,
The entrance door opening detection means is configured to detect that the knob of the entrance door has been opened,
The control means controls the pressure adjustment door for ventilation to be closed for a predetermined time when the entrance door opening detection means detects the opening operation of the entrance door.
Ventilation system characterized by that.

The ventilation system according to any one of claims 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 , wherein the control means comprises a microcomputer or a personal computer.