JP4063608B2 - Filled artificial grass and athletic field - Google Patents

Filled artificial grass and athletic field Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4063608B2
JP4063608B2 JP2002223701A JP2002223701A JP4063608B2 JP 4063608 B2 JP4063608 B2 JP 4063608B2 JP 2002223701 A JP2002223701 A JP 2002223701A JP 2002223701 A JP2002223701 A JP 2002223701A JP 4063608 B2 JP4063608 B2 JP 4063608B2
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granular material
elastic
filler
layer
expandable
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JP2004060393A (en
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知幸 西川
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Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ロングパイル人工芝のパイル間に充填材を充填した充填材入り人工芝に関し、さらに詳しく言えば、充填材に吸水・乾燥によって膨張・収縮する膨張性弾性粒状物を含む充填材入り人工芝に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
パイル長さが例えば30mm以上あるロングパイル人工芝は、天然芝に近い踏み心地やボールの転がり特性などの良さから、サッカーや野球などの球技場向けサーフェースとして普及しつつある。
【0003】
このロングパイル人工芝には、ゴムチップなどの弾性粒状物や珪砂などの硬質粒状物を充填材として充填した充填材層が設けられており、この充填材層がクッション層の役割を果たすため、人工芝の安定性や弾力性を向上するようにしている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、ロングパイル人工芝は長期間にわたって使用されると、プレーヤの踏圧により充填材層が踏み締まる、すなわち充填材間の空隙率が低下することにより、施工当初よりも弾力性が低下する。
【0005】
充填材層が締まると、ロングパイル人工芝本来のクッション性が得られなくなるばかりでなく、局所的に踏み締まると表面に凹凸が発生し、イレギュラーバウンドなどプレーへの障害を引き起こしかねない。
【0006】
そこで、本発明は上述した課題を解決するためになされたものであって、その目的は、長期間使用しても弾力性が低下しにくい充填材入りロングパイル人工芝を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述した目的を達成するため、本発明は、基布に植設されたパイル間に粒状物からなる充填材を充填してなる充填材入り人工芝において、上記充填材には、上記基布側に配置される硬質粒状物を主材とする硬質層と、上記硬質層上に配置される弾性粒状物を主材とする弾性層とが含まれ、上記弾性層には、吸水により初期体積の1.2倍以上に膨張し、乾燥によりほぼ初期体積まで収縮する膨張性弾性粒状物と、吸水などによって体積変化がほとんどない通常弾性粒状物とが含まれ、上記弾性粒状物全体に対し上記膨張性弾性粒状物が体積比にして10〜90%含まれているとともに、最大膨張時における上記膨張性弾性粒状物の最大粒径は、上記通常弾性粒状物の最大粒径以下で、かつ、上記膨張性弾性粒状物の真比重は、最大膨張時および収縮時に関わらず上記通常弾性粒状物の真比重以上で、上記硬質粒状物の真比重よりも小さいことを特徴としている。
【0008】
これによれば、膨張性弾性粒状物が吸水によって膨張し、乾燥によって元の大きさに戻ることにより、膨張・収縮によって各充填材間の空隙率が回復するため、施工当初に近い弾力性が維持できる。なお、膨張率が1.2倍未満の場合には、充填材層の締まり、すなわち空隙率が回復しにくく、弾力性が元に戻りにくい。
【0009】
本発明において、通常弾性粒状物は、一般に用いられている例えば廃タイヤを粉砕して得られるゴムチップやウレタンやその他の弾性体の粉砕品などであってよい。また、硬質粒状物としては、天然珪砂が好適であるが、セラミックスや各種石類などを用いることもできる。なお、本発明の膨張性弾性粒状物には吸熱・放熱によって膨張−収縮サイクルするものも含まれる。
【0010】
膨張性弾性粒状物は、充填層の表面よりも内部に存在することがより効果的である。これを満足するため、本発明では、最大膨張時における上記膨張性弾性粒状物の最大粒径を上記通常弾性粒状物の最大粒径以下とし、上記膨張性弾性粒状物の真比重を最大膨張時および収縮時に関わらず上記通常弾性粒状物の真比重以上で、かつ、上記硬質粒状物の真比重よりも小さくしている
【0011】
すなわち、膨張性弾性粒状物の最大粒径が通常弾性粒状物よりも小さく、真比重が大きい場合には、粒状物の充填作業やプレーによる充填材の掻き出しにより、膨張性弾性粒状物が表層に表れにくい。結果、膨張性弾性粒状物が締まった通常弾性粒状物を押し上げる(解す)効果が大きく、締まり抑制効果が高い。
【0012】
逆に、膨張性弾性粒状物の最大粒径が通常弾性粒状物よりも大きく、真比重が小さい場合には、膨張性弾性粒状物が表層に表れやすい。結果、膨張性弾性粒状物の体積変化は、通常弾性粒状物の解し効果に寄与しにくく、充填材層の回復効果が得られにくい。
【0013】
また、上記膨張性弾性粒状物の弾性粒状物全体に対する含有率が体積比にして10%未満の場合には締まり抑制効果(回復効果)が得にくくなるおそれがある。逆に、90%を超える場合には、締まり抑制効果(回復効果)が大きすぎるため、パイル間での充填材の収まりが悪くなり、充填材の移動量が大きく、不陸などを発生するおそれがある。
【0014】
さらに、充填材を飛散しにくくするため、上記充填材の表面から上記パイル先端までのパイル突出量が10mm以上であることが好ましい。
【0015】
本発明には、この充填材入り人工芝によって構築された運動競技場も含まれるが、人工芝全体が適度な湿り気を帯び、芝面温度の上昇を抑制する効果やプレーヤのスライディングによる摩擦熱の低減にも効果があるため、より好ましくは、サッカーや野球などの球技場に好適である。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施形態について図1を参照しながら説明する。この充填材入り人工芝1は、基布2に所定間隔でパイル3がタフティングされた人工芝であって、そのパイル3間には、充填材4が充填されている。
【0017】
基布2は、例えばポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエチレン(PE)、ナイロン(NY)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)などの樹脂製の基布原糸を一軸延伸または短繊維を寄り合わせて長繊維としたものを織り込んで布状にしたものであってよい。
【0018】
また、基布2を2枚重ねて用いてもよい。これによれば、2枚重ねの方が寸法安定性が高く、敷設後に外力によってシワになりにくいのでより好適である。基布2を2枚重ねにする場合、その下側の基布には、合成繊維を綿状にしたものをパンチング加工した基布を用いることにより、寸法安定性やシワ防止性がさらによくなる。
【0019】
この基布2の裏側(図1では下側)には、タフティングされたパイル3の抜け落ちを防止するためのバッキング材21が設けられている。バッキング材21には、SBRラテックス、ウレタン樹脂などを用いることができる。
【0020】
パイル3は、例えばポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエチレン(PE)、ナイロン(NY)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)などの合成樹脂製のスプリットヤーンまたはモノフィラメントヤーンであってよく、その太さは5000〜11000dtex程度が好ましい。なお、モノフィラメントヤーンは、500〜1100dtexの単糸を数本〜数十本撚り合わせて1本の太いヤーンとし、それを基布2に植設する。
【0021】
なお、ナイロン製パイルは吸水により劣化するおそれがあるため、後述する膨張性弾性粒状物として吸水によって膨張するものを用いた場合には、ナイロン製以外のパイル素材を用いることが好ましい。
【0022】
パイル3には、基布2の表面からパイル先端に至るまでのパイル長さHが30〜60mmで、基布2に対して所定の植設間隔(例えば10〜20mm)にて植設されたいわゆるロングパイルが採用される。
【0023】
パイル3間には、充填材4がその表面からパイル先端に至るまでのパイル突出量h1が少なくとも10mm以上(好ましくは、10〜20mm)となるように充填されている。
【0024】
充填材4は、弾性粒状物を主材とする弾性層41と、硬質粒状物を主材とする硬質層42との2層構造からなり、充填材層全体の総厚さh2は30〜40mmとされている。なお、充填材層の総厚さおよび各層の厚さは、少なくとも上記パイル突出量h1が10mm以上を満足するように充填したものであれば、仕様に応じて適宜選択されてよい。
【0025】
この実施形態において、充填材4は下層側(基布2側)に硬質層42が、上層側(芝面側)に弾性層41が積層された2層構造とされているが、これ以外にさらに別の層を設けてもよい。また、この2層構造を1単位層として、繰り返し積層するようにしてもよい。さらには、弾性粒状物と硬質粒状物とを層状化せず、混合した状態で充填してもよい。いずれにせよ、上述したパイル突出量h1の条件を満たせば、充填材4の層構造は任意であってよい。
【0026】
また、硬質層4と弾性層4との界面は、実質的に硬質粒状物と弾性粒状物とが混在した状態となっており、充填材4にはこのような混在物も含まれる。さらに、用途によっては弾性粒状物の単層構造であってもよい。
【0027】
弾性粒状物には、吸水により初期体積の1.2倍以上に膨張し、乾燥によりほぼ初期体積まで収縮する膨張性弾性粒状物411と、吸水などによっても体積変化がほとんどない通常弾性粒状物412とが含まれている。なお、膨張率が1.2倍未満の場合には、充填材層の締まり、すなわち空隙率が回復しにくく、弾力性が元に戻りにくい。
【0028】
吸水によって膨張する膨張性弾性粒状物41の代表的なものとしては、吸水性ポリマーが配合されたゴムやウレタンなどの破砕品が例示される。この吸水ポリマーは、例えば地中や海中などに埋設されるコンクリート2次製品のジョイント部分の漏水を防ぐ目地材などによく使用されているものであってよい。
【0029】
この種の吸水性ポリマーとしては、例えばポリビニルアルコール架橋重合体などのポリビニルアルコール系、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム架橋体などのアクリル系などの高分子体や、デンプン、セルロースなどの天然高分子などが一般的である。これ以外のものでも、吸水・乾燥により上述した膨張率が得られるものがあれば適宜選択することができる。
【0030】
吸水性ポリマーを含む膨張性弾性粒状物411を使用することにより、人工芝全体が定常的に適度な湿り気を帯びることになるため、芝面温度の上昇を抑制する効果やプレーヤのスライディングによる摩擦熱の低減にも効果がある。
【0031】
通常弾性粒状物412は、安価かつ容易に手に入れることができる材料として廃タイヤを粉砕したリサイクル品が好適であり、粒径が0.3〜3mmのものを80%以上含むものがより好ましい。これ以外に、ウレタンやその他の弾性体の粉砕品であってもよく、また、専用に製造したものであってもよい。
【0032】
膨張性弾性粒状物411は、充填材4の表面よりも内部に存在することがより効果的である。これを満足するため、最大膨張時における膨張性弾性粒状物411の最大粒径は、通常弾性粒状物412の最大粒径以下であることが好ましく、さらに、膨張性弾性粒状物411の真比重は、最大膨張時および収縮時に関わらず通常弾性粒状物412の真比重以上であることが好ましい。
【0033】
これによれば、膨張性弾性粒状物が表層に表れにくい。結果、膨張性弾性粒状物が締まった通常弾性粒状物を押し上げる(解す)効果が大きく、締まり抑制効果が高い。
【0034】
逆に、膨張性弾性粒状物の最大粒径が通常弾性粒状物よりも大きく、真比重が小さい場合には、膨張性弾性粒状物が表層に表れやすい。結果、膨張性弾性粒状物の体積変化は、通常弾性粒状物の解し効果に寄与しにくく、充填材層の回復効果が得られにくい。
【0035】
膨張性弾性粒状物411は、弾性粒状物全体に対し体積比にして10〜90%含まれていることが好ましい。すなわち、10%未満の場合には締まり抑制効果(回復効果)が得にくくなるおそれがある。逆に、90%を超える場合には、締まり抑制効果(回復効果)が大きすぎるため、結果、パイル間での充填材の収まりが悪くなり、充填材の移動量が大きく、不陸などを発生するおそれがある。
【0036】
硬質粒状物は、少なくとも膨張性弾性粒状物よりも真比重が大きいものが用いられ、安価かつ容易に入手できる材料として天然珪砂が好適であり、粒径が0.3〜3mmものもを80%以上含むものがより好ましい。なお、これ以外にセラミックスや各種石類などであってもよく、硬質粒状物は使用時応じて適宜選択可能である。
【0037】
本発明の充填材入り人工芝1は、各種の人工芝施設に適用可能であるが、特に野球場、テニスコート、サッカー場などの球技場に好適である。球技場に適用するに当たっては、必ずしも全面を膨張性弾性粒状物を含む充填材を充填する必要はなく、少なくともプレイエリアにのみ充填材を充填するようにしてもよい。
【0038】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の具体的な実施例1〜と、その比較例1〜5について説明する。まず、各例ともに下記の方法にて人工芝を作製した。
【0039】
(人工芝の作製)
PE製のスプリットヤーン(幅:12mm、繊度8000dtex)をPP製平織り布からなる基布に、パイル間隔(ゲージ)15mm、ニードルの送り量(ステッチ)5.5mmで、パイル長さHが50mmになるようにタフトした後、基布裏面にSBRラテックスを一様に塗布して人工芝(1m×1m)を作製した。
(充填材の充填)
作製された人工芝をあらかじめ整地された下地上に敷設して、各実施例1〜9および比較例1に示す条件に基づき充填材をパイル間に充填した。なお、いずれの例においても、硬質粒状物には、真比重が2.6、粒径が0.2〜0.6mmのものが85%以上を占める珪砂を用い、通常弾性粒状物には、真比重が1.1、粒径が0.2〜3mm(最大粒径4mm)のものが90%を占める廃タイヤ(黒色)の粉砕品を用い、膨張性弾性粒状物には、ポリエチレンオキサイド架橋体からなる吸水性ポリマーを含む吸水ゴムの粉砕品を用いた。なお、充填材の表面での動きを確認するため、吸水ゴムはあえて茶色に着色した。しかる後、上記方法にて作製した人工芝を以下の方法で評価した。
【0040】
(踏圧・散水試験)
実施例1〜、比較例1〜5ともに2枚の試験体を作製し、一方の試験体は、300回踏み固めた後、十分な散水を行った。他方の試験体は、30回踏み込んで人工芝内に充填物を落ち着かせ放置し、ほぼ施工当初と同じ初期状態とした。
(締まり具合・粒状物飛散性の評価)
散水した試験体を自然乾燥した後、踏み付け、初期状態の試験体との比較で締まり具合の回復性を評価した。また、散水した試験体を乾燥後に、30回踏み付けて充填材の飛散状態を確認し、さらに膨張性弾性粒状物(茶色)と通常弾性粒状物(黒色)の分布状態を色から判断した。なお、実施例1〜,比較例1〜5において、「砂」は硬質粒状物、「膨ゴム」は膨張性弾性粒状物、「ゴム」は通常弾性粒状物を意味している。
【0041】
《実施例1》
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→膨ゴム3mm→ゴム12mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕25%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態とほぼ同等
〔表面の状態〕 黒/茶混合
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散無し
【0042】
《実施例2》
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→ゴム13mm→膨ゴム3mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕25%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態とほぼ同等
〔表面の状態〕 黒/茶混合
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散無し
【0043】
《実施例3》
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂7.5mm→膨ゴム3mm→砂7.5mm→ゴム12mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕25%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態とほぼ同等
〔表面の状態〕 黒/茶混合
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散無し
【0044】
《実施例4》
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→膨ゴム12mm→ゴム3mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕75%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態とほぼ同等
〔表面の状態〕 黒/茶混合
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散無し
【0045】
《実施例5》
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂25mm→膨ゴム3mm→ゴム12mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕25
〔パイル突出量〕 mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態とほぼ同等
〔表面の状態〕 黒が目立つ
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散あり
【0046】
〈比較例1〉
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.1,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→膨ゴム3mm→ゴム12mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕25%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態よりも硬く感じる
〔表面の状態〕 黒/茶混合
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散なし
【0047】
〈比較例2〉
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:5mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→膨ゴム3mm→ゴム12mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕30%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態よりもやや硬い
〔表面の状態〕 やや茶が目立つ
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散あり
【0048】
〈比較例3〉
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:0.9,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→膨ゴム3mm→ゴム12mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕25%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態よりもやや硬く感じる
〔表面の状態〕 茶が目立つ
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散無し
【0049】
〈比較例4〉
膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→膨ゴム1mm→ゴム14mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕7%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態よりもやや硬く感じる
〔表面の状態〕 茶が目立つ
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散無し
【0050】
〈比較例5〉
〔膨張性弾性粒状物〕真比重:1.3,膨張率:1.8,最大粒径:3mm
〔充填順序と厚み〕
(基布側)砂15mm→膨ゴム15mm(芝面側)
各層毎にブラシをかけて充填。
〔膨ゴム/ゴム体積比〕100%
〔パイル突出量〕 20mm
〔締まり具合の回復性〕初期状態よりも若干柔らかい
〔表面の状態〕 茶一色
〔粒状物の飛散状況〕 粒状物の飛散あり
【0051】
参考までに、上記実施例1〜と比較例1〜5の仕様および回復性、粒状物の飛散状態の評価をまとめて表1に示す。
【0052】
【表1】

Figure 0004063608
【0053】
この試験の結果により、以下の(1)〜(8)の知見が得られた。すなわち、
(1)比較例1は、膨張率が低いゴム(1.1倍)を使用しているため、充填材の締まりの回復性が悪い。
(2)比較例2は、最大粒径が大きい膨張性弾性粒状物(膨ゴム)を使用しているため、表面に膨張性弾性粒状物が多く存在し、締まりの回復性および粒状物飛散性がやや劣る。
(3)比較例3は、真比重の小さい膨張性弾性粒状物(膨ゴム)を使用しているため、表面に膨ゴムが多く存在し、締まりの回復性、粒状物飛散防止効果がともにやや劣る。
(4)比較例4は、膨張性弾性粒状物の混合率が低く、締まりの回復性がやや劣る。
(5)比較例5は、膨張性弾性粒状物のみを充填しているため、締まりの回復性は初期状態よりも若干柔らかく、飛散が激しい。
(6)実施例1〜3は、充填材の積層順位がそれぞれ異なるが、締まりの回復性、充填物の混ざり具合、飛散状態とも大きな差異は見られなかった。
(7)実施例4も実施例1とほぼ同様の結果を得たが、締まりの回復性は他の実施例よりもややよかった。
(8)実施例5は、他の実施例とほぼ同等の締まりの回復性が得られるが、パイル突出量が短いため、粒状物の飛散が見られる。
【0054】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、基布に植設されたパイル間に粒状物からなる充填材を充填してなる充填材入り人工芝において、上記充填材には、上記基布側に配置される硬質粒状物を主材とする硬質層と、上記硬質層上に配置される弾性粒状物を主材とする弾性層とが含まれ、上記弾性層には、吸水により初期体積の1.2倍以上に膨張し、乾燥によりほぼ初期体積まで収縮する膨張性弾性粒状物と、吸水などによって体積変化がほとんどない通常弾性粒状物とが含まれ、上記弾性粒状物全体に対し上記膨張性弾性粒状物が体積比にして10〜90%含まれているとともに、最大膨張時における上記膨張性弾性粒状物の最大粒径は、上記通常弾性粒状物の最大粒径以下で、かつ、上記膨張性弾性粒状物の真比重は、最大膨張時および収縮時に関わらず上記通常弾性粒状物の真比重以上で、上記硬質粒状物の真比重よりも小さいことにより、充填材が踏み固められたとしても、再び良好な弾力性が得られるため、経年使用しても弾力性が低下しにくいロングパイル人工芝が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態に係る充填材入り人工芝の模式的な断面図。
【符号の説明】
1 充填材入り人工芝
2 基布
21 バッキング材
3 パイル
4 充填材
41 弾性層
42 硬質層
411 膨張性弾性粒状物
412 通常弾性粒状物[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an artificial turf with a filler in which a filler is filled between the piles of a long pile artificial turf. More specifically, the filler includes an inflatable elastic granular material that expands and contracts by water absorption and drying. Related to artificial grass.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Long pile artificial turf with a pile length of, for example, 30 mm or more is becoming popular as a surface for ball sports fields such as soccer and baseball because of its good footing feeling close to natural turf and rolling characteristics of the ball.
[0003]
This long pile artificial turf is provided with a filler layer filled with elastic granular materials such as rubber chips and hard granular materials such as silica sand as fillers. It tries to improve the stability and elasticity of turf.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the long pile artificial turf is used for a long period of time, the filler layer is stepped on by the player's stepping pressure, that is, the porosity between the fillers is reduced, so that the elasticity is lowered from the beginning of construction.
[0005]
When the filler layer is tightened, the original cushioning property of the long pile artificial turf cannot be obtained, and when it is stepped locally, irregularities are generated on the surface, which may cause irregularities such as irregular bounce.
[0006]
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a long pile artificial turf with a filler that hardly deteriorates in elasticity even when used for a long period of time.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an artificial turf with a filler, in which a filler made of a granular material is filled between piles planted on a base cloth. And a hard layer mainly composed of the hard granular material disposed on the elastic layer and an elastic layer principally composed of the elastic granular material disposed on the hard layer. The elastic layer has an initial volume due to water absorption. Inflatable elastic granular material that expands 1.2 times or more and shrinks to almost the initial volume by drying, and normal elastic granular material that hardly changes in volume due to water absorption etc. are included. The elastic elastic granular material is contained in a volume ratio of 10 to 90%, and the maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granular material at the time of maximum expansion is not more than the maximum particle size of the normal elastic granular material, and the above The true specific gravity of expandable elastic granules is Above true specific gravity of the normal elastic granules irrespective of the time of shrinkage, and being smaller than the true specific gravity of the hard granular object.
[0008]
According to this, since the expandable elastic granular material expands due to water absorption and returns to its original size by drying, the porosity between the fillers is recovered by expansion / contraction, so the elasticity close to the beginning of construction is obtained. Can be maintained. When the expansion coefficient is less than 1.2 times, the tightness of the filler layer, that is, the porosity is difficult to recover, and the elasticity is difficult to return.
[0009]
In the present invention, the usually elastic granular material may be a generally used rubber chip obtained by pulverizing a waste tire, a pulverized product of urethane or other elastic body, or the like. Moreover, natural quartz sand is suitable as the hard granular material, but ceramics and various stones can also be used. The expandable elastic granular material of the present invention includes those that undergo expansion / contraction cycles by endothermic / heat dissipation.
[0010]
It is more effective that the expandable elastic granular material exists inside than the surface of the packed bed. To satisfy this, in the present invention, the maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granules and a maximum particle diameter or less under the above Symbol Normal resilient granules during maximum expansion, the true specific gravity of the upper Symbol expandable elastic granules top above true specific gravity of a large expansion and during the normal elastic granules irrespective of the time of shrinkage, and is smaller comb than the true specific gravity of the hard granular object.
[0011]
That is, when the maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granular material is smaller than that of the normal elastic granular material and the true specific gravity is large, the expandable elastic granular material is formed on the surface layer by filling the granular material or scraping the filler material by play. Hard to appear. As a result, the effect of pushing up (unraveling) the normal elastic granular material in which the expandable elastic granular material is tightened is large, and the tightening suppressing effect is high.
[0012]
Conversely, when the maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granule is larger than that of the normal elastic granule and the true specific gravity is small, the expandable elastic granule tends to appear on the surface layer. As a result, the volume change of the expandable elastic granular material hardly contributes to the unraveling effect of the normal elastic granular material, and the recovery effect of the filler layer is hardly obtained.
[0013]
In the case of less than 1 0% content that for the entire elastic granules of the expandable elastic granules in the volume ratio, there is a possibility that interference suppression effect (recovery effect) it is difficult to obtain. On the other hand, if it exceeds 90%, the tightening suppression effect (recovery effect) is too great, so that the packing material between the piles becomes poor, the amount of movement of the packing material is large, and there is a risk of causing unevenness. There is.
[0014]
Furthermore, in order to make it difficult for the filler to scatter, it is preferable that the amount of pile protrusion from the surface of the filler to the tip of the pile is 10 mm or more.
[0015]
The present invention includes an athletic field constructed with this artificial turf filled with filler, but the entire artificial turf is moderately moistened, suppresses the increase in turf surface temperature, and the frictional heat generated by the player's sliding. Since the reduction is also effective, it is more preferable for a ball game field such as soccer or baseball.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The artificial turf 1 with a filler is an artificial turf in which piles 3 are tufted at a predetermined interval on a base cloth 2, and a filler 4 is filled between the piles 3.
[0017]
The base fabric 2 is, for example, a base fiber made of resin such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), nylon (NY), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or the like, uniaxially stretched or short fibers are brought together to make long fibers. May be made into a cloth shape.
[0018]
Further, two base fabrics 2 may be used in an overlapping manner. According to this, two-ply stacking is more preferable because it has higher dimensional stability and is less likely to be wrinkled by external force after laying. When two base fabrics 2 are stacked, by using a base fabric obtained by punching synthetic fiber in the form of cotton, the dimensional stability and wrinkle prevention properties are further improved.
[0019]
A backing material 21 for preventing the tufted pile 3 from falling off is provided on the back side (the lower side in FIG. 1) of the base fabric 2. For the backing material 21, SBR latex, urethane resin, or the like can be used.
[0020]
The pile 3 may be a split yarn or a monofilament yarn made of synthetic resin such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), nylon (NY), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the thickness is about 5000 to 11000 dtex. preferable. The monofilament yarn is formed by twisting several to several tens of single yarns of 500 to 1100 dtex into one thick yarn, which is planted on the base fabric 2.
[0021]
Since nylon piles may deteriorate due to water absorption, it is preferable to use a pile material other than nylon when an expandable elastic granular material to be described later is expanded by water absorption.
[0022]
In the pile 3, the pile length H from the surface of the base fabric 2 to the top of the pile was 30 to 60 mm, and was planted on the base fabric 2 at a predetermined planting interval (for example, 10 to 20 mm). So-called long pile is adopted.
[0023]
Between the piles 3, the filler 4 is filled so that the pile protrusion amount h <b> 1 from the surface to the pile tip is at least 10 mm or more (preferably 10 to 20 mm).
[0024]
The filler 4 has a two-layer structure of an elastic layer 41 whose main material is elastic granular material and a hard layer 42 whose main material is hard granular material, and the total thickness h2 of the whole filler layer is 30 to 40 mm. It is said that. The total thickness of the filler layer and the thickness of each layer may be appropriately selected according to the specifications as long as at least the pile protrusion amount h1 is filled so as to satisfy 10 mm or more.
[0025]
In this embodiment, the filler 4 has a two-layer structure in which a hard layer 42 is laminated on the lower layer side (base fabric 2 side) and an elastic layer 41 is laminated on the upper layer side (turf surface side). Still another layer may be provided. Further, this two-layer structure may be repeatedly stacked as one unit layer. Further, the elastic granular material and the hard granular material may be filled in a mixed state without being layered. In any case, the layer structure of the filler 4 may be arbitrary as long as the condition of the pile protrusion amount h1 described above is satisfied.
[0026]
Further, the interface between the hard layer 4 2 and the elastic layer 4 1 is in a state in which the substantially rigid granules and resilient granules are mixed, the filler 4 includes such a mixed product. Furthermore, a single layer structure of an elastic granular material may be used depending on applications.
[0027]
The elastic granular material includes an expandable elastic granular material 411 that expands to 1.2 times or more the initial volume by water absorption and contracts to almost the initial volume by drying, and a normal elastic granular material 412 that hardly changes in volume due to water absorption or the like. And are included. When the expansion coefficient is less than 1.2 times, the tightness of the filler layer, that is, the porosity is difficult to recover, and the elasticity is difficult to return.
[0028]
The typify expandable elastic granules 41 1 expand due to water absorption, crush items such as rubber or urethane water-absorbing polymer is blended can be exemplified. For example, the water-absorbing polymer may be used as a joint material for preventing water leakage at a joint portion of a secondary concrete product embedded in the ground or the sea.
[0029]
As this type of water-absorbing polymer, for example, polyvinyl alcohol-based polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked polymers, acrylic polymers such as sodium polyacrylate crosslinked polymers, and natural polymers such as starch and cellulose are generally used. It is. Other than this, any one that can obtain the above-described expansion coefficient by water absorption / drying can be appropriately selected.
[0030]
By using the expandable elastic granular material 411 containing the water-absorbing polymer, the entire artificial turf is steadily and appropriately moistened, so that the effect of suppressing the increase in the turf surface temperature and the frictional heat due to the sliding of the player It is also effective in reducing this.
[0031]
Generally, the elastic granular material 412 is preferably a recycled product obtained by pulverizing waste tires as a material that can be easily obtained at low cost, and more preferably 80% or more containing 0.3 to 3 mm in particle size. . In addition to this, it may be a pulverized product of urethane or other elastic body, or may be a specially manufactured product.
[0032]
It is more effective that the expandable elastic granular material 411 exists inside the surface of the filler 4. In order to satisfy this, it is preferable that the maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granular material 411 at the time of maximum expansion is usually equal to or less than the maximum particle size of the elastic granular material 412, and the true specific gravity of the expandable elastic granular material 411 is In general, it is preferably not less than the true specific gravity of the elastic granular material 412 regardless of the maximum expansion and contraction.
[0033]
According to this, the expandable elastic granular material hardly appears on the surface layer. As a result, the effect of pushing up (unraveling) the normal elastic granular material in which the expandable elastic granular material is tightened is large, and the tightening suppressing effect is high.
[0034]
Conversely, when the maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granule is larger than that of the normal elastic granule and the true specific gravity is small, the expandable elastic granule tends to appear on the surface layer. As a result, the volume change of the expandable elastic granular material hardly contributes to the unraveling effect of the normal elastic granular material, and the recovery effect of the filler layer is hardly obtained.
[0035]
It is preferable that the expandable elastic granular material 411 is contained in a volume ratio of 10 to 90% with respect to the entire elastic granular material. That is, when it is less than 10%, it is difficult to obtain a tightening suppression effect (recovery effect). On the other hand, if it exceeds 90%, the tightening suppression effect (recovery effect) is too large, resulting in poor packing of the filler between the piles, a large amount of filler movement, and unevenness. There is a risk.
[0036]
As the hard granular material, a material having a true specific gravity larger than at least the expandable elastic granular material is used, and natural quartz sand is suitable as a material that is inexpensive and easily available, and 80% of the particle size is 0.3 to 3 mm. What contains the above is more preferable. In addition, ceramics and various stones may be used, and the hard granular material can be appropriately selected according to the time of use.
[0037]
The artificial turf 1 with a filler according to the present invention can be applied to various artificial turf facilities, but is particularly suitable for baseball stadiums, tennis courts, soccer stadiums and the like. When applied to the ball game field, it is not always necessary to fill the entire surface with the filler containing the expandable elastic granular material, and the filler may be filled only at least in the play area.
[0038]
【Example】
Next, specific Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 will be described. First, artificial turf was prepared by the following method in each example .
[0039]
(Production of artificial grass)
PE split yarn (width: 12mm, fineness: 8000dtex) on a base fabric made of PP plain weave, pile spacing (gauge) 15mm, needle feed (stitch) 5.5mm, pile length H 50mm After being tufted so that SBR latex was uniformly applied to the back of the base fabric, an artificial turf (1 m × 1 m) was produced.
(Filling material)
The produced artificial turf was laid on a ground surface prepared in advance, and a filler was filled between piles based on the conditions shown in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1. In any example, the hard granular material is silica sand having a true specific gravity of 2.6 and a particle size of 0.2 to 0.6 mm and occupying 85% or more. A waste tire (black) pulverized product with a true specific gravity of 1.1 and a particle size of 0.2 to 3 mm (maximum particle size of 4 mm) occupying 90% is used. A pulverized product of water-absorbing rubber containing a water-absorbing polymer composed of a body was used. In addition, in order to confirm the movement on the surface of the filler, the water-absorbing rubber was intentionally colored brown. Thereafter, the artificial turf prepared by the above method was evaluated by the following method.
[0040]
(Treading pressure / watering test)
Examples 1 5 to prepare a comparative example 1-5 together two specimens, one specimen, after beaten 300 times, was sufficient watering. The other specimen was stepped 30 times and the filler was allowed to settle in the artificial turf, leaving the initial state almost the same as the initial construction.
(Evaluation of tightness and scattering of granular materials)
The sprayed specimen was naturally dried and then stepped on, and the recovery of tightening was evaluated by comparison with the specimen in the initial state. Moreover, after spraying the watered test body, it stepped on 30 times, the scattering state of the filler was confirmed, and the distribution state of the expandable elastic granular material (brown) and the normal elastic granular material (black) was judged from the color. In Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 , “sand” means hard granular materials, “expanded rubber” means expandable elastic particles, and “rubber” usually means elastic particles.
[0041]
Example 1
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Expanded rubber 3mm → Rubber 12mm (turf side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 25%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recoverability of tightening condition] Almost the same as the initial state [Surface condition] Black / brown mixture [Dispersion of granular material] No scattering of granular material [0042]
Example 2
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Rubber 13mm → Expanded rubber 3mm (turf surface side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 25%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recoverability of tightness] Almost the same as the initial state [Surface condition] Black / Brown mixture [Spattering state of granular material] No scattering of granular material [0043]
Example 3
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) sand 7.5mm → expanded rubber 3mm → sand 7.5mm → rubber 12mm (turf surface side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 25%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recoverability of tightening condition] Almost the same as the initial state [Surface condition] Black / Brown mixture [Dispersion of granular material] No scattering of granular material [0044]
Example 4
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Expanded rubber 12mm → Rubber 3mm (turf side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 75%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recoverability of tightness] Almost the same as the initial state [Surface condition] Black / Brown mixture [Dispersion of granular material] No scattering of granular material [0045]
Example 5
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle size: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) sand 25mm → expanded rubber 3mm → rubber 12mm (turf surface side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 25 %
[Pile protrusion] 8 mm
[Recoverability of tightening condition] Almost the same as the initial state [Surface condition] Black is conspicuous [Scattering state of particulate matter] There is scattering of particulate matter [0046]
<Comparative example 1>
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.1, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Expanded rubber 3mm → Rubber 12mm (turf side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 25%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Resilience of tightness] Feels harder than the initial state [Surface condition] Black / Brown mixture [Spattering condition of granular material] No scattering of granular substance [0047]
<Comparative example 2>
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 5 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Expanded rubber 3mm → Rubber 12mm (turf side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 30%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recoverability of tightness] Slightly harder than the initial state
[Surface condition] Slightly noticeable tea
[Particulate matter scattering status] There is particulate matter scattering. [0048]
<Comparative Example 3>
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 0.9, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Expanded rubber 3mm → Rubber 12mm (turf side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / Rubber volume ratio] 25%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recovery of tightness] Feels slightly harder than the initial state
[Surface condition] Tea stands out
[Particulate matter scattering] No particulate matter scattering [0049]
<Comparative example 4>
[ Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Expanded rubber 1mm → Rubber 14mm (turf side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / rubber volume ratio] 7%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recovery of tightness] Feels slightly harder than the initial state
[Surface condition] Tea stands out
[Dispersion status of granular materials] No scattering of granular materials [0050]
<Comparative Example 5>
[Expandable elastic granular material] True specific gravity: 1.3, expansion coefficient: 1.8, maximum particle diameter: 3 mm
[Filling order and thickness]
(Base fabric side) Sand 15mm → Expanded rubber 15mm (turf side)
Fill each layer with a brush.
[Expanded rubber / rubber volume ratio] 100%
[Pile protrusion] 20mm
[Recoverability of tightening] slightly softer than the initial state
[Surface condition] Brown
[Dispersion of particulate matter] There is particulate matter scattering. [0051]
For reference, specifications and recovery of Comparative Example 1-5 as Example 1-5, collectively evaluated for scattering a granular state shown in Table 1.
[0052]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004063608
[0053]
As a result of this test, the following findings (1) to (8) were obtained. That is,
(1) Since the comparative example 1 uses rubber (1.1 times) having a low expansion coefficient, the recovery of the tightening of the filler is poor.
(2) Since Comparative Example 2 uses an expandable elastic granular material (expanded rubber) having a large maximum particle size, a large amount of the expandable elastic granular material is present on the surface. Slightly inferior.
(3) Since Comparative Example 3 uses an expandable elastic granular material (expanded rubber) having a small true specific gravity, there is a large amount of expanded rubber on the surface, and both the recovery of tightening and the effect of preventing the scattering of the granular material are both somewhat. Inferior.
(4) In Comparative Example 4 , the mixing rate of the expandable elastic granular material is low, and the recovery of tightening is slightly inferior.
(5) Since Comparative Example 5 is filled only with an expandable elastic granular material, the recovery of tightening is slightly softer than the initial state and the scattering is intense.
(6) In Examples 1 to 3, the stacking order of the fillers was different, but no significant difference was found in the recovery of tightening, the degree of mixing of the filler, and the scattering state.
(7) Example 4 also obtained almost the same result as Example 1, but the recovery of tightening was slightly better than the other examples.
(8) In Example 5, the recovery performance of tightening which is almost the same as that of the other examples can be obtained. However, since the pile protrusion amount is short, scattering of the granular material is observed.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in a filled synthetic turf made by filling a filling material consisting of granules between piles implanted in the base fabric, the above-mentioned filler, the base fabric side And a hard layer mainly composed of the hard granular material disposed on the elastic layer and an elastic layer principally composed of the elastic granular material disposed on the hard layer. The elastic layer has an initial volume due to water absorption. Inflatable elastic granular material that expands 1.2 times or more and shrinks to almost the initial volume by drying, and normal elastic granular material that hardly changes in volume due to water absorption etc. are included. The elastic elastic granular material is contained in a volume ratio of 10 to 90%, and the maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granular material at the time of maximum expansion is not more than the maximum particle size of the normal elastic granular material, and the above The true specific gravity of the expandable elastic granules is at maximum expansion and Above true specific gravity of the normal elastic granules irrespective of contraction upon, since by less than the true specific gravity of the hard granular object, even as a filler has been beaten, resulting again good elasticity, long-term use Even so, a long pile artificial turf that does not easily lose its elasticity can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an artificial grass with a filler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Artificial grass with filler 2 Base cloth 21 Backing material 3 Pile 4 Filler 41 Elastic layer 42 Hard layer 411 Expandable elastic granular material 412 Normal elastic granular material

Claims (3)

基布に植設されたパイル間に粒状物からなる充填材を充填してなる充填材入り人工芝において、
上記充填材には、上記基布側に配置される硬質粒状物を主材とする硬質層と、上記硬質層上に配置される弾性粒状物を主材とする弾性層とが含まれ、
上記弾性層には、吸水により初期体積の1.2倍以上に膨張し、乾燥によりほぼ初期体積まで収縮する膨張性弾性粒状物と、吸水などによって体積変化がほとんどない通常弾性粒状物とが含まれ、上記弾性粒状物全体に対し上記膨張性弾性粒状物が体積比にして10〜90%含まれているとともに、
最大膨張時における上記膨張性弾性粒状物の最大粒径は、上記通常弾性粒状物の最大粒径以下で、かつ、上記膨張性弾性粒状物の真比重は、最大膨張時および収縮時に関わらず上記通常弾性粒状物の真比重以上で、上記硬質粒状物の真比重よりも小さいことを特徴とする充填材入り人工芝。
In the artificial turf with filler filled with a filler made of granular material between piles planted in the base fabric,
The filler includes a hard layer mainly composed of hard granular material arranged on the base fabric side, and an elastic layer mainly composed of elastic granular material arranged on the hard layer,
The elastic layer includes expandable elastic granules that expand to 1.2 times or more of the initial volume due to water absorption and contract to almost the initial volume when dried, and normal elastic granules that hardly change in volume due to water absorption or the like. And 10% to 90% of the expandable elastic granular material is contained in a volume ratio with respect to the entire elastic granular material,
The maximum particle size of the expandable elastic granule at the maximum expansion is not more than the maximum particle size of the normal elastic granule, and the true specific gravity of the expandable elastic granule is the above regardless of the maximum expansion and contraction. An artificial turf with a filler , which is usually more than the true specific gravity of the elastic granular material and smaller than the true specific gravity of the hard granular material.
上記充填材の表面から上記パイル先端までのパイル突出量が10mm以上である請求項1に記載の充填材入り人工芝。The artificial grass with filler according to claim 1, wherein a pile protrusion amount from the surface of the filler to the tip of the pile is 10 mm or more. 上記請求項1または2に記載の充填材入り人工芝より構築されてなる運動競技場。An athletic field constructed from the artificial grass with a filler according to claim 1 or 2 .
JP2002223701A 2002-07-31 2002-07-31 Filled artificial grass and athletic field Expired - Fee Related JP4063608B2 (en)

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NL1032724C2 (en) 2006-10-23 2008-04-25 Ten Cate Thiolon Bv Artificial grass field, in particular for an artificial grass sports field.
NL1032719C2 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-04-25 Ten Cate Thiolon Bv Artificial grass fiber and an artificial grass field provided with at least one such artificial grass fiber.
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WO2010075098A1 (en) 2008-12-15 2010-07-01 Textile Management Associates, Inc. Method of recycling synthetic turf and infill product
JP5637592B2 (en) * 2010-08-20 2014-12-10 住友ゴム工業株式会社 Artificial grass structure
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