JP4056327B2 - Burnishing device, automatic lathe equipped with burnishing device, and burnishing method using automatic lathe - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a burnishing device provided with at least three pressing members. The present invention further relates to an automatic lathe equipped with such a burnishing device and a burnishing method using the automatic lathe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A burnishing device that burns a metal surface (burnishing) using a pressing member such as a hard roller or a ball is used in various product manufacturing processes. For example, in a machining process using an automatic lathe typified by an NC lathe (that is, a lathe capable of automatic machining), after turning a bar-like or plate-like workpiece material, as a mirror finishing process of the surface to be turned Burnishing using a burnishing device has been carried out. In general, the burnishing method has the advantage that the surface roughness can be remarkably improved in a short time compared to other surface finishing methods that involve material removal such as grinding, polishing, and superfinishing. This has the effect of improving the mechanical strength of the finished surface.
[0003]
In a conventional burnishing apparatus, the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical material part using a disk-shaped roller is particularly suitable for burnishing the surface of a cylindrical part (hereinafter referred to as a cylindrical material part) of a workpiece material. Burnishing (for example, see Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-34069), or burnishing the outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical material portion using a plurality of columnar rollers (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 10- No. 146756 and JP 2002-127001 A) are known. In particular, the burnishing device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-127001 can itself be used as a burnishing rotary tool mounted on a machine tool such as an automatic lathe. For example, if this rotating tool for burnishing is mounted on a tool post equipped on an automatic lathe, the workpiece is automatically burnished as a desired finishing step in a series of machining programs on the automatic lathe. Can do.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, an automatic lathe is required to reduce as much as possible the cycle time (time from the start to the end of a series of machining programs) required for machining one product for the purpose of improving the productivity of the product. Therefore, when the burnishing device is used on an automatic lathe as described above, it is necessary to reduce the time consumed for burnishing as much as possible. In particular, when burnishing the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical material part, the burnishing device can be freely moved relative to the cylindrical material part in the axial direction and the radial direction as in the case of a general external turning tool such as a cutting tool. Having a machine configuration capable of feeding operation is important in reducing the time required for positioning and the like.
[0005]
Here, for example, a conventional outer surface burnishing device as disclosed in, for example, the above-mentioned JP-A-10-146756 has a plurality of cylindrical rollers arranged in a circumferential direction around one axis, and along the axis. The outer peripheral surface of the placed cylindrical material portion is burnished by these cylindrical rollers. In such an apparatus configuration, for example, when burnishing is started from one axial end of a cylindrical material portion, the material portion is axially moved into a space surrounded by a plurality of cylindrical rollers as the burnishing progresses. On the other hand, after the burnishing is finished, the material part is moved in the opposite direction along the axis, and the mirror-finished part after machining over a predetermined length is moved by a plurality of cylindrical rollers. It will be detached from the enclosed space. In other words, with this device configuration, the burnishing device can only be moved in the axial direction relative to the cylindrical material portion, so one cylindrical material portion can move to another cylindrical material portion (or from one workpiece material to another). When moving the burnishing device), an axial detachment operation that is not necessary for the machining itself must be performed. As a result, in the configuration of the conventional outer surface burnishing device, it tends to be difficult to shorten the time spent for burnishing in a series of machining programs in an automatic lathe.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a series of processing when the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical material portion can be mirror-finished in a short time and used on an automatic lathe in a burnishing device having at least three pressing members. An object of the present invention is to provide a burnishing apparatus capable of effectively reducing the time spent for burnishing in a program.
[0007]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed and multifunctional automatic lathe equipped with such a burnishing device. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a burnishing method that contributes to shortening the cycle time of a machining program executed by the automatic lathe.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 includes at least three pressing members and one supporting member that supports the pressing members in a circumferentially discrete arrangement around one axis. In the burnishing apparatus for burnishing the surface of the workpiece material placed along the axis with at least three pressing members, the support member has two predetermined pressings adjacent in the circumferential direction as viewed from the axis. Material passage provided at a position corresponding to the mutual gap between members And at least two second positions separated by an angle greater than 90 ° and less than 180 ° from the first position and the first position opposite to the material path to both sides in the circumferential direction, respectively. Mounting grooves for mounting the pressing members individually As a result, the workpiece material passes between the working position along the axis and the non-working position separated from the burnishing device, passes through the gap between the pressing members and the material path in the direction intersecting the axis, and becomes a support member. Provided is a burnishing device characterized by being movable.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the burnishing device according to the first aspect, the two predetermined pressing members continuously have a pressing action surface that bulges toward the axial line at each outer peripheral edge. A burnishing device comprising two disc-shaped rollers rotatably mounted on a support member is provided.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the burnishing device according to the second aspect, the at least three pressing members continuously have a pressing action surface that bulges toward the axis on the outer peripheral edge. The main roller and the two rollers are respectively positioned at the apexes of a triangle that includes the axis line. Further, a burnishing device that is spaced apart from each other is provided.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the burnishing device according to the third aspect, the support member rotatably supports at least one of the main body having the material passage, the main roller, and the two rollers. And a burnishing device comprising at least one roller attachment attached to the body in a position-adjustable manner.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the burnishing device according to the second aspect, at least three pressing members have a pressing action surface that bulges toward the axis and is installed on the support member. Including one pressing element, and the pressing element and the two rollers are positioned so that the apex portion of the pressing action surface of the pressing element and the rotation center of the two rollers are located at the apex of a triangle containing the axis, respectively. A burnishing device is provided that is spaced apart from each other.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 6 is the burnishing device according to claim 5, wherein the support member has a main body having a material passage, and one pressing element attached to the main body so as to be adjustable in position by supporting the pressing element. There is provided a burnishing device comprising: a tool, and at least one of the two rollers, wherein at least one of the two rollers is rotatably supported and attached to a main body so as to be positionally adjustable.
[0014]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the burnishing device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the mutual gap between the two predetermined pressing members is such that each of the pressing members and another pressing member are A burnishing device larger than the gap between the two is provided.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 8 provides an automatic lathe characterized in that the burnishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is mounted on a tool post.
[0016]
The invention according to claim 9 provides the automatic lathe according to claim 8, wherein the support member of the burnishing device has a shank portion that is detachably mounted on the tool post.
[0017]
The invention described in claim 10 is a burnishing method for burnishing a workpiece using the automatic lathe according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the workpiece is turned by a turning tool mounted on a tool post. Then, a cylindrical outer peripheral surface including a small diameter portion is formed, and the tool post is operated during the burnishing process to form a workpiece material on which the cylindrical outer peripheral surface is formed. It moves through the gap and is moved with respect to the support member between the working position and the non-working position so that the portion having the cylindrical outer peripheral surface passes through the material passage of the burnishing device in the direction intersecting the axis. A burnishing method is provided.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Corresponding components are denoted by common reference symbols throughout the drawings.
Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 is a front view of a burnishing device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the burnishing device 10. The burnishing apparatus 10 is particularly suitable for being mounted on an automatic lathe and automatically performing burnishing in a series of machining programs. However, the application of the burnishing device according to the present invention is not limited to this.
[0019]
The burnishing device 10 includes three pressing members 12 and one supporting member 14 that supports the pressing members 12 in a circumferentially discrete arrangement around one axis 10a. The three pressing members 12 include one disk-shaped main roller 18 continuously having a pressing action surface 16 bulging toward the axis 10a along the outer peripheral edge, and similarly bulging toward the axis 10a. It consists of two disk-shaped sub-rollers 22 that continuously have pressing action surfaces 20 that extend along their outer peripheral edges. The main roller 18 and the sub-roller 22 are individually rotatably installed on the support member 14 with the centers of the respective annular pressing surfaces 16 and 20 as pivot points.
[0020]
The main roller 18 and the two sub rollers 22 are spaced apart from each other so that the rotation centers 18a and 22a of the main roller 18 and the sub roller 22 are located at the vertices of a triangle containing the axis 10a. The With this arrangement, the main roller 18 and the sub-roller 22 apply pressure to the cylindrical outer peripheral surface S of the workpiece (or cylindrical material portion) W placed along the axis 10a. Then, the outer peripheral surface S is burnished while rotating together with the workpiece W. In the illustrated embodiment, both the main roller 18 and the sub roller 22 have the same size and shape.
[0021]
The support member 14 is rotatably attached to the main body 24 by rotatably supporting a main body 24 extending substantially annularly about the axis 10a and the main roller 18 and the two sub-rollers 22 3. Individual roller attachments 26. The main body 24 has a C-ring shape divided at a predetermined circumferential position, and a material passage 28 extending in the radial direction is defined at the divided position. The material passage 28 has a size and a shape that allow the workpiece material W to be processed to pass through the main body 24 without contact. Further details of the material passage 28 will be described later.
[0022]
The main body 24 is formed with mounting grooves 30 having a rectangular cross section extending radially about the axis 10a at predetermined three locations on the front end surface 24 in the axial direction, and each mounting groove 30 has a roller mounting tool 26 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. Are individually fitted and mounted without rattling. The mounting grooves 30 are formed at two positions that are separated from each other by an angle of (90 ° + α) from the position to the opposite sides of the material passage 28 with the axis 10a as the center. Here, α is an angle in a range of 0 <α <90 °, and corresponds to the shape and size of the workpiece material W to be processed on the assumption that the formation of the material passage 28 and each mounting groove 30 is not hindered. Thus, an appropriate angle is selected so that an optimum burnishing method (described later) can be carried out.
[0023]
The main body 24 is further formed with a female screw 32 that opens at a predetermined position on the bottom surface (end surface in the axial direction) of each mounting groove 30 so as to extend in parallel to the axial line 10a. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the roller fixture 26 attached to the attachment groove 30 has an adjustment hole 34 having a long hole cross section and a roller shaft support having a circular cross section in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped structure. Holes 36 are formed in parallel with each other. A mounting bolt 38 (FIG. 2) having a male screw that can be screwed into the female screw 32 is inserted through the adjustment hole 34 through an appropriate gap.
[0024]
When the roller fixture 26 is properly fitted in the mounting groove 30, the adjustment hole 34 overlaps the female screw 32 in the axial direction. In this state, the roller bolt 26 is fixed to the main body 24 in the mounting groove 30 by screwing and tightening the mounting bolt 38 inserted through the adjustment hole 34 to the female screw 32. At this time, within the range of the gap between the adjustment hole 34 and the attachment bolt 38, the radial position around the axis 10a of the roller attachment 26 in the attachment groove 30 can be appropriately adjusted and fixed. The roller fixture 26 usually has one end 26a (FIG. 3) in the longitudinal direction in which the roller shaft support hole 36 is disposed protruded from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 24a of the main body 24 in the radial direction by an appropriate dimension. , Fixed to the mounting groove 30.
[0025]
A female screw is formed in the roller shaft support hole 36 penetrating the roller attachment 26, and a shaft support bolt 40 (FIG. 2) having a male screw that can be screwed into the female screw is screwed into the roller shaft support hole 36. It has become so. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, a bearing member 42 is fixedly fitted to each of the main roller 18 and the sub-roller 22 on the cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 18b and 22b. The bearing member 42 can be constituted by, for example, a roller bearing in which the outer ring is fixed to the rollers 18 and 22 and the inner ring is fixed to the shaft support bolt 40.
[0026]
Accordingly, the shaft support bolt 40 assembled with the rollers 18 and 22 via the bearing member 42 is screwed into the roller shaft support hole 36 and tightened, so that the rollers 18 and 22 can freely rotate to the corresponding roller attachment 26. Installed. In this state, when all the roller fixtures 26 are properly mounted in the corresponding mounting grooves 30 as described above, the main roller 18 and the two sub rollers 22 have their pressing action surfaces 16 and 20 aligned with the axis 10a. It arrange | positions through the suitable mutual space | gap according to the outer-diameter dimension of the raw material W to oppose mutually in the vicinity.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 1, the material passage 28 provided in the main body 24 of the support member 14 has two predetermined pressing members 12 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction when viewed from the axis 10a (that is, two sub rollers 22). Are provided at positions (angles) corresponding to the mutual gaps. Therefore, the mutual gap between the two sub rollers 22 is formed at a position opposite to the main roller 18 with the axis 10a as the center. With such a configuration, as will be described later, the workpiece material W passes through the gap between the two sub-rollers 22 and also passes through the material passage 28 and intersects (preferably orthogonally) the axis 10a (arrow β). It becomes possible to move relative to the support member 14.
[0028]
In order to enable the above-described radial relative movement of the work material W, for example, the work material W previously processed by an automatic lathe or the like is in the axial direction of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface S as shown in FIG. The small diameter part T which reduced the outer diameter size should just be in a predetermined position. The small-diameter portion T has an outer diameter that can pass through the gap between the two auxiliary rollers 22 in a direction that intersects (preferably orthogonally) the axis 10a. At this time, it is preferable that the small-diameter portion T has a size that does not contact both the sub-rollers 22, but both sub-rollers 22 can freely rotate even when they are in contact with each other. There is nothing.
[0029]
In the illustrated embodiment, the main body 24 of the support member 14 is integrally formed with a hollow cylindrical shank portion 44 for detachably mounting the burnishing device 10 to a tool rest (described later) of an automatic lathe. Accordingly, a substantially annular axial inner end surface 24b orthogonal to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 24a is formed on the main body 24. The workpiece material W has a shape in which the distance from the tip to the small diameter portion T is shorter than the axial length of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 24a of the main body 24 of the support member 14. In such a dimensional configuration, the workpiece W can perform the above-described radial relative movement without interfering with the main body 24. Thus, in the burnishing apparatus 10, the workpiece W intersects the axis 10 a with respect to the support member 14 between the work position along the axis 10 a and the non-work position detached from the pressing member 12 and the support member 14. Relative movement in the direction (preferably orthogonal).
[0030]
The burnishing device 10 can be used by being mounted on a tool post 52 of an automatic lathe 50 shown as an embodiment of the present invention in FIG. The automatic lathe 50 includes a spindle 54 that grips and rotates a bar-shaped workpiece material W supplied from the outside of the lathe, and a tool post 52 that is equipped with a plurality of tools 56 and performs indexing and machining operations. The main shaft 54 is configured to linearly move along a feed control axis (Z1 axis) parallel to its own rotation axis. At a predetermined position in the axial direction of the main shaft 54, a guide bush 58 serving as an auxiliary support device that supports the workpiece W gripped by the main shaft 54 in the vicinity of the processed portion at the tip thereof is coaxial with the main shaft 54. Installed.
[0031]
The tool post 52 is disposed on the opposite side of the main shaft 54 with the guide bush 58 interposed therebetween, and is along a feed control axis (X axis) perpendicular to the Z1 axis of the main shaft 54 and a feed control axis (Z2 axis) parallel to the Z1 axis. Configured to move linearly. The tool post 52 is a so-called turret tool post provided with a plurality of tool mounting portions 60 that hold a plurality of tools 56 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and has a rotation index control axis (TI axis) parallel to the Z2 axis. In addition, a turning tool such as a cutting tool or a drill or a rotary tool such as a milling cutter can be provided in an arrangement that can be positioned orthogonally or parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft 54. The tool post 52 interpolates, for example, the NC program according to the NC program by cooperating the X-axis movement and the Z2-axis movement of the tool rest 52 itself by selecting the desired tool 56 indexed by its own TI-axis rotation. As a result, a desired cutting process is performed on the workpiece W gripped by the main shaft 54.
[0032]
Various types of tools 56 can be detachably mounted on each tool mounting portion 60 of the tool rest 52 using an appropriate tool holder 62. The burnishing device 10 is mounted on a desired tool mounting portion 60 of the tool post 52 as one of various tools 56 by holding the shank portion 44 of the support member 14 fixedly by a tool holder 62. In this way, as a desired finishing stage in a series of machining programs in the automatic lathe 50, high-precision burnishing by the burnishing device 10 is automatically performed on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W that has been turned. Can be implemented.
[0033]
Next, a burnishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention that is performed by the automatic lathe 50 will be described.
First, a cylindrical outer peripheral surface S including a small-diameter portion T (see FIG. 2) is obtained by performing turning processing such as outer diameter cutting on the workpiece W gripped by the spindle 54 with a required tool 56 mounted on the tool post 52. ) And rough finish the turning surface if necessary. On the other hand, on the tool rest 52, the burnishing device 10 in which the rollers 18 and 22 are adjusted in advance so as to conform to the outer diameter of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface S of the workpiece W is mounted on a predetermined tool mounting portion 60. Keep it. This adjustment work is performed at a position having a target outer diameter dimension of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface S of the workpiece W in the insertion hole 46 (FIG. 2) formed through the shank portion 44 of the support member 14 of the burnishing device 10 in the axial direction. It can be implemented by inserting an alignment jig (not shown) from the rear (right side in FIG. 2) and pressing the pressing action surfaces 16, 20 of the rollers 18, 22 against the outer peripheral surface of the alignment jig. The burnishing device 10 is mounted on the tool post 52 in such a posture that a straight line connecting the axis 10 a and the center line of the material passage 28 extends parallel to the X axis of the automatic lathe 50.
[0034]
Next, the tool post 52 is indexed and X-axis fed, and the burnishing device 10 is placed at the origin position facing the workpiece W in the axial direction so that the axis 10a coincides with the rotation axis of the main shaft 54. To do. Therefore, the main shaft 54 is rotated at a high speed and the tool post 52 is moved in the Z2 axis direction to move the workpiece W into the space surrounded by the main roller 18 and the sub roller 22 of the burnishing device 10 from the tip in the axial direction. Approach gradually in the direction. When the pressing surfaces 16 and 20 of the main roller 18 and the sub roller 22 come into contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface S of the workpiece W that rotates at high speed, the rollers 18 and 22 are passively moved on the support member 14. The outer peripheral surface S of the work material W is automatically burnishing processed by the pressing surfaces 16 and 20 by rotating at high speed.
[0035]
When the burnishing process on the outer peripheral surface region extending from the axial front end of the workpiece W to the small diameter portion T is completed, the tool post 52 is slightly X-axis fed as necessary to press the main roller 18 of the burnishing device 10. The working surface 16 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion T and the transition taper portion reaching the small-diameter portion T, and burnishing is performed. When the burnishing is completed, the rotation of the main shaft 54 is stopped, and the tool rest 52 is moved while the main roller 18 and the sub roller 22 of the burnishing device 10 are aligned with the small diameter portion T of the workpiece W. The workpiece W is moved relative to the burnishing device 10 in a direction perpendicular to the axis 10a by performing an X-axis feed operation. This relative movement is performed in a direction in which the small diameter portion T of the workpiece W passes through the gap between the two sub rollers 22 in the burnishing device 10. As a result, the workpiece W has a small diameter portion T passing through the gap between the two sub-rollers 22 without hindrance, and a portion having a mirror-finished outer peripheral surface S on the tip side of the small diameter portion T is the support member 14. The material passage 28 passes through the material passage 28 without any obstacle, thereby moving from the working position to the non-working position and leaving the burnishing apparatus 10.
[0036]
Further, when the outer peripheral surface region on the back side of the small-diameter portion T of the workpiece W is burnished, if the turret 52 is moved in the Z2 axis feed operation in succession to the above-described burnishing to the small-diameter portion T. Good. At this time, the axial direction front-end | tip part of the workpiece material W is penetrated by the penetration hole 46 of the shank part 44 of the burnishing apparatus 10 non-contactingly. When the required burnishing of the outer peripheral surface area is completed, the tool rest 52 is fed in the Z2 axis in the reverse direction until the main roller 18 and the sub-roller 22 of the burnishing device 10 are positioned at the small diameter portion T of the workpiece W. The workpiece material W can be detached from the burnishing device 10 by operating it and operating the tool post 52 at that position as described above.
[0037]
Further, at the start of burnishing on the workpiece W, the burnishing device 10 is disposed at a position where the mutual gap between the two sub rollers 22 is aligned in the radial direction with respect to the small diameter portion T, and the tool rest 52 is placed on the X axis. By performing the feeding operation, the work material W can be introduced into the work position between the main roller 18 and the sub roller 22 through the material passage 28 of the support member 14 and the mutual gap between the two sub rollers 22. Then, the outer peripheral surface S of the work material W on the tip end side in the axial direction of the small diameter portion T or on the opposite side can be burnished as described above by appropriately performing the Z2-axis feed operation of the tool post 52.
[0038]
Thus, in the automatic lathe 50, the burnishing device 10 can be appropriately moved in both the axial direction and the radial direction with respect to the workpiece W, for example, under NC control. In the machining program, the moving direction and moving distance of the tool post 54 at the time of transition between turning and burnishing can be optimized. Therefore, according to the automatic lathe 50 and the burnishing method implemented there, the cycle time of a series of machining programs including burnishing can be extremely effectively reduced.
[0039]
In the configuration of the present invention described above, whether or not the workpiece W can be moved in the radial direction through the mutual gap between the two sub rollers 22 depends on the diameter of each sub roller 22 and the arrangement angle α (see FIG. 1) and the diameter of the outer peripheral surface S and the diameter of the small diameter portion T of the workpiece W. That is, when the diameter of the sub-roller 22 is D and the diameter of the outer peripheral surface S of the workpiece W is d, the difference in diameter Δ between the outer peripheral surface S and the small diameter portion T is:
Δ ≧ (d / 2 + D / 2) × (1−cos α)
At this time, the small diameter portion T of the workpiece W can be passed through the gap between the two sub rollers 22 in the radial direction.
[0040]
In addition, the length in the axial direction of the pressing surface 20 of each sub-roller 22 is shorter than the length in the axial direction of the small-diameter portion T of the work material W. This is a condition for passing through in the radial direction. Therefore, in general, in order to enhance the mirror finish effect, it is desirable that the axial length of the pressing action surface 20 of the auxiliary roller 22 is long. However, in the present invention, the auxiliary roller 22 has an axial length of the pressing action surface 20. Is a short disk-shaped roller. Here, each of the rollers 18 and 22 is made of a material having extremely high rigidity, but desirably has a shape (FIG. 4) in which the thickness of the central portion is increased in order to reinforce the disk shape. Since the main roller 18 does not participate in the radial movement of the workpiece W, it can also be constituted by a cylindrical roller having a long axial length of the pressing surface 16. However, by forming the main roller 18 from a disk-like roller similar to the sub-roller 22, the main roller 18 can be used for burnishing the small diameter portion T and the transition taper portion of the workpiece W as described above. Occurs.
[0041]
In the configuration of the burnishing device 10 described above, as described above, depending on the position of the small diameter portion T formed on the workpiece W, the workpiece W may be moved in the radial direction from the working position. There is a concern that the material W may collide with the main body 24 of the support member 14. In order to eliminate such inconvenience, as shown in FIG. 6, instead of the shank portion 44 extending in the axial direction from the main body 24, a shank portion 48 protruding to the side of the main body 24 is formed on the support member 14. It is advantageous to do so. In this case, the material passage 28 extends over the entire length of the main body 24 in the axial direction. According to such a configuration, as illustrated, the distance from the tip in the axial direction to the small-diameter portion T is relative to the workpiece W having an outer shape longer than the axial length of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 24a of the main body 24. However, after burnishing the outer peripheral surface S, the small-diameter portion T is passed through the gap between the two sub-rollers 22 'to move the workpiece W from the working position to the non-working position in the radial direction (arrow β). Can be moved.
[0042]
In the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the work material W has a shape of a stepped shaft, a small-diameter outer peripheral surface S that is a turning surface, and a shoulder surface (axial direction) of a larger-diameter base shaft portion P. An annular groove, that is, a small-diameter portion T for ensuring the orthogonality of the surfaces is formed between the end face and the end face. Therefore, the main roller 18 'and the two sub rollers 22' of the burnishing device 10 can burn this small diameter portion T by the main roller 18 'and can pass through the mutual gap between the sub rollers 22'. These are configured so as to have the edge-shaped pressing action surfaces 16 and 20 having extremely small axial lengths (see FIG. 7).
[0043]
In order to deal with the workpiece W having such a small-diameter portion T having a short axial length, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the distance from the adjustment hole 34 gradually changes. A roller fixture 26 'having an inclined roller shaft support hole 36 can also be used. If this roller fixture 26 'is used, the disc-shaped rollers 18 and 22 shown in FIG. 4 can exert a burnishing action by the edge portions of the pressing action surfaces 16 and 20 (FIG. 8). Also, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, rollers 18 ″ and 22 ″ having a shape that does not interfere with the shoulder surface of the large-diameter base shaft portion P are formed on the stepped shaft-shaped workpiece W. It can be advantageously used by being attached to the roller fixture 26 '.
[0044]
Also, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, it is also possible to use a roller fixture 26 ″ having a roller shaft support hole 36 inclined to the side while maintaining a uniform distance from the adjustment hole 34. When the roller fixture 26 ″ is used, for example, in the rollers 18 ″ and 22 ″ shown in FIG. 11, the pressing action surfaces 16 and 20 abut on the outer peripheral surface S of the workpiece W so as to draw independent spirals. Is done.
[0045]
In the burnishing apparatus 10 described above, as the outer diameter dimension of the workpiece W is reduced, the concern that mutual interference between the main roller 18 and the two sub-rollers 22 is increased. FIG. 14 shows a burnishing device 70 according to another embodiment of the present invention for burnishing a small-diameter workpiece W while eliminating such concerns. The burnishing device 70 has substantially the same configuration as the burnishing device 10 described above, except that one of the three pressing members 12 is not a disc-shaped roller. Accordingly, corresponding constituent elements are denoted by common reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0046]
The three pressing members 12 of the burnishing device 70 each have a pressing element 74 having a pressing action surface 72 bulging toward the axis 70a and a pressing action surface 20 bulging toward the axis 70a. And two disk-shaped sub-rollers 22 that are continuously provided on the outer peripheral edge. The pressing element 74 and the two sub rollers 22 are arranged such that the apex portion of the pressing action surface 72 of the pressing element 74 and the rotation center 22a of the two sub rollers 22 are positioned at the apexes of a triangle that includes the axis 70a. Are spaced apart from each other. With this arrangement, the pressing element 74 and the sub roller 22 are pressed under pressure on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter workpiece material (or cylindrical material portion) W placed along the axis 70a. The outer peripheral surface is burnished by contact.
[0047]
The support member 14 of the burnishing device 70 includes a main body 24 having a material passage 28, one pressing element attachment 76 that supports the pressing element 74 and is attached to the main body 24 so that the position of the pressing member 74 can be adjusted, and two sub rollers 22. And two roller attachments 26 that are rotatably attached to the main body 24 so as to be positionally adjustable. The pressing element attachment 76 is fitted and attached to the attachment groove 30 on the main body 24 at the position opposite to the material passage 28 with the axis 70a as the center.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 15, an adjustment hole 34 having an elongated hole-shaped cross section is formed through the pressing element attachment 76 in the vicinity of the longitudinal end of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped base. A mounting bolt 38 is inserted into the adjustment hole 34 through an appropriate gap, and the pressing element mounting tool 76 is mounted by screwing the mounting bolt 38 onto the female screw 32 (FIG. 2) formed in the main body 24 and tightening it. It is fixed to the main body 24 in the groove 30. At this time, the radial position around the axis 70a of the pressing element attachment 76 in the attachment groove 30 can be appropriately adjusted and fixed within the gap between the adjustment hole 34 and the attachment bolt 38.
[0049]
In the illustrated embodiment, the pressing element 74 is constituted by a hemispherical tip portion integrally formed at the other longitudinal end of the pressing element attachment 76. Alternatively, the pressing element 74 can be configured by a ball that is rotatably supported at the other longitudinal end of the pressing element attachment 76. Furthermore, the pressing element 74 can be constituted by a cemented carbide chip attached to the other longitudinal end of the pressing element attachment 76 by brazing or the like. The pressing element attachment 76 is fixed to the mounting groove 30 by causing the pressing element 74 to protrude from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 24a of the main body 24 by an appropriate dimension inward in the radial direction. When the pressing element fixture 76 and the two roller fixtures 26 are properly installed in the corresponding mounting grooves 30, the pressing element 74 and the two auxiliary rollers 22 have their pressing surfaces 72 and 20 near the axis 70a. Are arranged so as to be opposed to each other with an appropriate mutual gap according to the outer diameter dimension of the workpiece W.
[0050]
The material passage 28 provided in the main body 24 of the support member 14 is a position corresponding to the mutual gap between two predetermined pressing members 12 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction as viewed from the axis 70a (that is, two sub rollers 22). (Angle) is provided. Accordingly, the mutual gap between the two sub rollers 22 is formed at a position opposite to the pressing element 74 around the axis 70a. Also in the burnishing device 70 having such a configuration, a cylindrical outer periphery including a small-diameter portion that can pass through the mutual gap between the two sub-rollers 22 in a direction intersecting (preferably orthogonal) the axis 70a. If the surface is formed, the workpiece W is passed through the gap between the two sub-rollers 22 during the burnishing process and through the material passage 28 in the direction β intersecting (preferably orthogonal) the axis 70a. , And can be moved relative to the support member 14. Moreover, the burnishing device 70 employs a small-sized pressing element 74 that can avoid interference with the two sub-rollers 22, so that high-precision burnishing can be performed quickly even on small-diameter workpieces W. Can be implemented.
[0051]
The configuration of the burnishing device according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications and variations can be made. For example, in the burnishing apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the support member 14 is attached to the main body 14 so that the position of the support member 14 can be adjusted by rotatably supporting at least one of the main roller 18 and the two sub rollers 22. If the roller attachments 26 are provided, it is possible to cope with a change in the outer diameter of the workpiece W. Similarly, the burnishing device 70 of FIG. 14 may include at least one of the pressing element attachment 76 and the two roller attachments 26. It will be understood that the present invention can also be applied to a burnishing device including four or more pressing members.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, in the burnishing device provided with at least three pressing members, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical material portion can be mirror-finished in a short time and mounted on an automatic lathe. When used, it is possible to effectively reduce the time consumed for burnishing in a series of machining programs. Moreover, according to the high-speed and multifunctional automatic lathe equipped with such a burnishing device, the cycle time of the machining program can be effectively shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a burnishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, together with a workpiece W. FIG.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the burnishing device of FIG. 1 along line II-II.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are views of a roller fixture installed in the burnishing device of FIG. 1, (a) a front view and (b) a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III.
4 is a view of a roller equipped in the burnishing device of FIG. 1, (a) a front view, and (b) a partially cutaway side view.
5 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention on which the burnishing device of FIG. 1 can be mounted.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a burnishing device according to a modification.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a roller according to a modified example.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a burnishing device according to another modification.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are views of a roller fixture according to a modification, in which FIG. 9A is a front view, and FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a burnishing device according to still another modification.
FIG. 11 is a side view of a roller according to another modification.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a burnishing device according to still another modification.
FIGS. 13A and 13B are views of a roller fixture according to another modification, in which FIG. 13A is a front view, FIG. 13B is a side view, and FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII.
FIG. 14 is a front view of a burnishing device according to another embodiment and is shown together with a workpiece W.
FIGS. 15A and 15B are views of a pressing element mounting device installed in the burnishing device of FIG. 14, and FIG. 15A is a front view, and FIG. 15B is a side view.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 70 ... burnishing device
12 ... Pressing member
14: Support member
16, 20, 72 ... pressing surface
18 ... Main Roller
22 ... Deputy roller
24 ... Body
26 ... Roller fitting
28 ... Material passage
30 ... Mounting groove
34 ... Adjustment hole
44, 48 ... Shank
50 ... Automatic lathe
52 ... Tool post
74 ... Pressing element
76 ... Pressing element attachment
S ... outer peripheral surface
T: Small diameter part
W ... Material to be processed

Claims (10)

Comprising at least three pressing members and one supporting member for supporting these pressing members in a circumferentially discrete arrangement around one axis, and the surface of the workpiece material placed along the axis is In a burnishing apparatus burnishing by at least three pressing members,
The support member includes a material passage provided at a position corresponding to a gap between two predetermined pressing members adjacent in the circumferential direction as viewed from the axis, and a first position opposite to the material passage. And at least two second positions spaced apart from each other by more than 90 ° and less than 180 ° on both sides in the circumferential direction from the first position, and mounting grooves for individually mounting the at least three pressing members has and in which, the workpiece it, between a non-working position disengaged from the working position and the burnishing device along said axis, through in a direction intersecting the mutual gaps and said workpiece passageway to the axis line The burnishing device is capable of moving with respect to the support member. The two predetermined pressing members are two discs that are rotatably installed on the support member having a pressing action surface that bulges toward the axis continuously at each outer peripheral edge. The burnishing device according to claim 1, comprising a roller in the shape of a ring. One disk-shaped main roller in which the at least three pressing members continuously have a pressing action surface that bulges toward the axis on the outer peripheral edge and is rotatably installed on the support member. The main roller and the two rollers are spaced apart from each other such that the rotation center of the main roller and the rollers is located at the apex of a triangle containing the axis. The burnishing device described. The support member has at least one of a main body having the material passage, and at least one of the main roller and the two rollers, and is rotatably attached to the main body by rotatably supporting the roller. The burnishing device according to claim 3, further comprising a roller attachment. The at least three pressing members include one pressing element installed on the support member having a pressing action surface bulging toward the axis, the pressing element and the two pressing elements. 3. The rollers are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other so that the apex portion of the pressing surface of the pressing element and the rotation center of the two rollers are positioned at the apexes of a triangle including the axis. The burnishing device described in 1. The support member is capable of rotating at least one of a main body having the material passage, one pressing element mounting member that supports the pressing element and is attached to the main body so as to be position-adjustable, and the two rollers. The burnishing device according to claim 5, further comprising at least one attachment among at least one roller attachment that is supported and attached to the main body so as to be positionally adjustable. The burnishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mutual gap between the two predetermined pressing members is larger than a gap between each of the pressing members and the other pressing member. An automatic lathe, wherein the burnishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is mounted on a tool post. The automatic lathe according to claim 8, wherein the support member of the burnishing device has a shank portion that is detachably attached to the tool post. A burnishing method for burnishing a workpiece using the automatic lathe according to claim 8 or 9,
Turning the work material with a turning tool mounted on the tool post to form a cylindrical outer peripheral surface including a small diameter portion,
In the burnishing process, the tool post is operated to form the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, and the small diameter portion passes through the mutual gap between the two predetermined pressing members, and the cylindrical shape Moving the support member between the working position and the non-working position so that a portion having an outer peripheral surface passes through the material passage of the burnishing device in a direction intersecting the axis.
A burnishing method characterized by the above.

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