JP4056325B2

JP4056325B2 - Condenser and refrigerator

Info

Publication number: JP4056325B2
Application number: JP2002251082A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 陽一郎入谷; 関　　亘; 芳典白方; 尚浩山▲崎▼
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date: 2002-08-29
Filing date: 2002-08-29
Publication date: 2008-03-05
Anticipated expiration: 2022-08-29
Also published as: JP2004092928A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、冷却液と冷媒との間で熱交換を行わせて冷媒を凝縮、液化する凝縮器と、該凝縮器を具備する冷凍機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えばビルのような大規模構造物においては、冷凍機で冷却した冷水を構造物内に布設した配管を通じて構内を循環させ、居室の空気と熱交換させて冷房を行うようにしている。
【０００３】
この冷凍機に具備される従来の凝縮器の一例を図１８に示す。
この図に示す凝縮器１は、冷媒が導入される円筒形の容器２の中に、冷却水を流通する多数の伝熱管３が千鳥状に束になって管群をなして配設された構造となっている。伝熱管３は、冷却水入口４に連通する伝熱管群３ａと冷却水出口５に連通する伝熱管群３ｂとに分かれており、内部を流れる冷却水の向きは互いに異なっている。また容器２の上部には冷媒が導入される冷媒入口８が設けられ、容器２の下部には冷媒が導出される冷媒出口９が設けられている。
【０００４】
冷却水入口４から流入した冷却水は容器２内を抜け、水室（図示略）にいたって折り返し、再び容器２内を抜けて冷却水出口５から流出される。この過程で圧縮機（図示略）から冷媒入口８を通して容器２に導入された高温高圧のガス冷媒は、伝熱管３の表面で冷却液と熱交換を行い冷却、凝縮、液化され、冷媒出口９を抜けて蒸発器（図示略）に供給される。一方の冷却水は冷媒から熱を奪って昇温して容器２から導出される。
【０００５】
熱交換により凝縮した冷媒液が伝熱管表面に付着して液膜が厚くなると、液膜自体の熱抵抗が大きくなり伝熱管表面での熱伝達性能が低下すること、及び液膜によって冷媒ガスが直接伝熱管に触れる面積は減少することになって熱交換率が低下する。特に前記容器２の下方に位置する伝熱管３には、上方の伝熱管３から降り注ぐ凝縮液が付着して熱伝達が行い難くなる。そこで、降り注ぐ冷媒液が下方の伝熱管へ付着することを回避して排除する各種の構造が従来から提案されている。
図１８においては、束になった伝熱管群３ａと３ｂの層間に、水平面に対して傾斜した液切り板６を設けることによって、容器２内上方から降り注ぐ凝縮液を途中で一旦受け、下方の伝熱管３に降りかかる量を減少させようとしている（例えば特許文献１参照）。
【０００６】
また、凝縮器の他の例を図１９に示す。この図に示す凝縮器１では、容器２内に伝熱管３によって群を成して配設されている伝熱管群の一部を抜きとって前記容器２内の上下方向（鉛直方向）に貫通する空間部７を形成させることによって、該空間部内に凝縮液を落下させて下方の伝熱管３に降りかかる量を減少させようとしている（例えば特許文献２参照）。
【０００７】
（特許文献１）
特開２００１−３４９６４１
（特許文献２）
特開２００２−１３０８６７
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、図１８に図示する凝縮器１は、容器２内の上方から下方へと流れる冷媒ガスが液切り板６に遮られることによって、液切り板６よりも下方に配設された伝熱管３との熱交換が行い難くなり、結果的に凝縮器の性能が十分に発揮できなくなるという問題があった。
【０００９】
また、図１９に図示する凝縮器１は、空間部７周囲以外の伝熱管群内部に配設された伝熱管３から液状のまま落下した冷媒は、依然、より下方に配設された伝熱管３に降り注ぐため、該伝熱管表面に冷媒液が多く付着して液膜が厚くなることにより熱交換が行い難くなり、結果的に凝縮器の性能が十分に発揮できなくなるという問題があった。
【００１０】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みて成されたものであり、凝縮液を速やかに伝熱管群から排除させるとともに、凝縮器内における冷媒と伝熱管との熱伝達率を高め、これによって冷却効率の高い凝縮器及び冷凍機を提供することを目的とする。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、以下の手段を採用する。
請求項１に記載の発明は、冷媒が上方から下方へ向けて導入される容器と、該容器内に上下方向に２以上の層をなすように配置された多数の伝熱管からなる伝熱管群と、該伝熱管群の各層間に水平面に対して傾斜して配置された液切り板とを備えた凝縮器において、前記各層の伝熱管群内に、上下方向に幅をもって延在する空間部が設けられ、前記液切り板には、上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部と下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部とを連通させる開口部が形成され、前記上位の伝熱管群内の空間部と、前記下位の伝熱管群内の空間部とが、前記液切り板に設けられた開口部を通じて上下方向に連続して位置するように配置され、かつこれら空間部の前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成される空間部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の幅よりも小さくされていることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、液切り板よりも上方に配設されている伝熱管から下方に向けて降り注ぐ凝縮液は、液切り板によって遮られて液切り板表面を流れ、開口部から下方に形成された空間部を落下して容器外へ排除される。さらに、空間部及び液切り板の開口部が、容器上方から導入された冷媒ガスが容器内を下方に流れる際の通り道となって、下方の伝熱管群への冷媒の導入が促進される。また、容器上方に形成されている空間部を取り囲む伝熱管群から降り注ぐ凝縮液が、容器下方に形成されている空間部を落下することから、直下の伝熱管に直接降りかかることがない。
【００１３】
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１記載の凝縮器において、前記上位の伝熱管群内の空間部と、前記下位の伝熱管群内の空間部とが、前記上位の伝熱管群内上方から、前記下位の伝熱管群内下方に向けて幅が漸次大きくなるように形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、容器上方に形成されている空間部を取り囲む伝熱管群から降り注ぐ凝縮液が、容器下方に形成されている空間部を落下することから、直下の伝熱管に直接降りかかることがない。
【００１５】
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２記載の凝縮器において、前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも下端部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも上端部の幅より小であって、かつ前記液切り板の開口部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の上端部とほぼ同じ大きさであることを特徴とする。
【００１６】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、容器上方に形成されている空間部を取り囲んで配設された伝熱管から凝縮液が落下しても、容器下方に形成されている空間部を取り囲んで配設された伝熱管に直接降りかかることがない。さらに、液切り板表面を流れる凝縮液は、液切り板の開口部から下方に形成された空間部を落下していくことによって、直接下方伝熱管に降りかかる量を減らすことができる。
【００１７】
請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２記載の凝縮器において、前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも下端部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも上端部の幅より小であって、かつ前記液切り板の開口部の幅が、前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の下端部とほぼ同じ大きさであることを特徴とする。
【００１８】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、容器上方に形成された空間部を取り囲む伝熱管群から凝縮液が落下しても液切り板上に降り注ぐため、下方に形成された空間部を取り囲む伝熱管に直接ふりかかることがない。さらに、冷媒ガス流入に伴う容器内圧の高まりに伴い容器下方から逆流する冷媒ガスによって、上方に配設されている伝熱管群から降り注ぐ凝縮液が空間部内を下方から上方に再び押し戻されても、液切り板に遮られて上方の伝熱管群に凝縮液が再び降りかかることを抑えることができる。
【００１９】
請求項５に記載の発明は、冷媒が上方から下方へ向けて導入される容器と、該容器内に上下方向に２以上の層をなすように配置された多数の伝熱管からなる伝熱管群と、該伝熱管群の各層間に水平面に対して傾斜して配置された液切り板とを備えた凝縮器において、前記各層の伝熱管群内に、上下方向に幅をもって延在する空間部が設けられ、前記液切り板には、上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部と下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部とを連通させる開口部が形成され、前記上位の伝熱管群内の空間部と、前記下位の伝熱管群内の空間部とが、前記液切り板に設けられた開口部を通じて上下方向に連続して位置するように配置され、かつこれら空間部の前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成される空間部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の幅よりも大きくされていることを特徴とする。
【００２０】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、液切り板よりも上方に配設されている伝熱管から下方に向けて降り注ぐ凝縮液は、液切り板によって遮られて液切り板表面を流れ、開口部から下方に形成された空間部を落下して容器外へ排除される。さらに、空間部及び液切り板の開口部が、容器上方から導入された冷媒ガスが容器内を下方に流れる際の通り道となって、下方の伝熱管群への冷媒の導入が促進される。また、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ誘導する量を増やすことができる。さらに、空間部外周面を形成する伝熱管間から伝熱管群内部へ多くの冷媒ガスを行き渡らせることができる。これにより多くの該伝熱管を冷媒ガスに触れさせることが可能となる。
【００２１】
請求項６に記載の発明は、請求項５記載の発明において、前記上位の伝熱管群内の空間部と、前記下位の伝熱管群内の空間部とが、前記上位の伝熱管群内上方から、前記下位の伝熱管群内下方に向けて幅が漸次小さくなるように形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００２２】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ誘導する量を増やすことができる。さらに、空間部外周面を形成する伝熱管間から伝熱管群内部へ多くの冷媒ガスを行き渡らせることができる。これにより多くの該伝熱管を冷媒ガスに触れさせることが可能となる。
【００２３】
請求項７に記載の発明は、請求項５又は６記載の発明において、前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも下端部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも上端部の幅より大であって、かつ前記液切り板の開口部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の上端部とほぼ同じ大きさであることを特徴とする。
【００２４】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ誘導する量を増やすことができる。さらに、液切り板表面を流れる凝縮液が、液切り板開口部から下方に落下しても直接容器下方に配設された伝熱管に降りかからない。
【００２５】
請求項８に記載の発明は、請求項５又は６記載の発明において、前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも下端部の幅が、前記下位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の少なくとも上端部の幅より大であって、かつ前記液切り板の開口部の幅が、前記上位の伝熱管群内に形成された空間部の下端部とほぼ同じ大きさであることを特徴とする。
【００２６】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ流れる量を増やすことができる。さらに、容器下方に配設されている伝熱管群の上端部であって、容器上方の空間部に晒された伝熱管間からも冷媒ガスを取り込むことができる。
【００２７】
請求項９に記載の発明は、請求項１ないし８のいずれかに記載の発明において、前記液切り板の開口部近傍及び端部に、冷媒を案内する湾曲部が形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００２８】
この発明に係る凝縮器によれば、容器上方から入って空間部内及び容器内周面に沿って流れる冷媒ガスは、湾曲部にあたって容器下方の伝熱管群内へと誘導される。また、上方に配設されている伝熱管から落下する凝縮液は、湾曲部を通じて液切り板表面を流れるように誘導される。よって、下方の伝熱管群に直接落下する凝縮液量を減少させるとともに、液切り板直下に配設された伝熱管群に直接降りかかるのを抑えることができる。
【００２９】
請求項１０に記載の発明は、冷凍機において、請求項１から９のいずれかに記載の凝縮器と、液化された冷媒を減圧する膨張弁と、減圧された冷媒を蒸発、気化する蒸発器と、気化された冷媒を圧縮したうえで前記凝縮器に供給する圧縮機とを備えることを特徴とする。
【００３０】
この発明に係る冷凍機によれば、上記のように凝縮器における伝熱管の熱交換率が高められるので、エネルギー消費を抑えても従来と同等の性能が得られるとともに軽量化を図ることが可能となる。
【００３１】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明に係る冷凍機凝縮器の第１の実施形態について図１〜図３を参照して説明する。
冷凍機の概略構成を図１に示す。この冷凍機は、冷却水と気体状の冷媒との間で熱交換を行わせて冷媒を凝縮、液化する凝縮器１０と、凝縮された冷媒を減圧する膨張弁１１と、凝縮された冷媒と冷水との間で熱交換を行わせて冷水を冷却するとともに冷媒を蒸発、気化する蒸発器１２と蒸発器１２で蒸発、気化した冷媒を圧縮したあとに上記凝縮器１０に供給する圧縮機１３とを備えている。なお、上記蒸発器１２において冷却された冷水は、ビルの空調等に利用するものである。
【００３２】
凝縮器１０は、気体状の冷媒が導入される円筒形の容器１４内の中に、冷却水を流通する多数の伝熱管１５が千鳥状に束になって（図１では簡略して図示）容器１４の長手方向に配設された構造となっている。伝熱管１５は、冷却水入口１６に連通する容器１４の下方にあって往路側管路を構成する伝熱管群１５ａと、冷却水出口１７に連通する容器１４の上方にある復路側管路を構成する伝熱管群１５ｂとの２層に分かれており、往路側管路と復路側管路とでは冷却水の流れる方向が異なっている。また、容器１４の上部には冷媒が導入される冷媒入口１８が設けられ、容器１４の下部には冷媒が導出される冷媒出口１９が設けられている。
【００３３】
伝熱管群１５ａ〜１５ｂの層間には、水平面に対して傾斜した液切り板２０が容器長手方向に延在して、配設されている。液切り板２０には開口部２１が形成されている。
伝熱管群１５ａ及び１５ｂ内には、開口部２１を貫通し上下方向（鉛直方向）に延在する抜き列（空間部）２２が形成されている。この抜き列２２は一定の幅寸法をもって上下方向に延在し、かつ同一定の幅をもって水平方向の所定の領域に延在するように形成されたものである。
【００３４】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、冷媒入口１８から容器１４内部に導入された冷媒は、容器１４内周面と伝熱管群１５との間隙と抜き列２２及び開口部２１を通り抜けて伝熱管群１５ａ、１５ｂの内部へ誘導され、伝熱管１５の表面に供給される。この過程で凝縮、液化され凝縮液となる。凝縮液はその重みにより容器下方へ落下する。
伝熱管群１５ｂから下方に向けて降り注ぐ凝縮液は、液切り板２０に落下しその表面を流れて液切り板２０に開けられた開口部２１から抜き列２２の下方及び容器１４内周面と液切り板２２端との間隙部から下方へ落下して排除される。
【００３５】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、凝縮液は、液切り板の開口部及び下方伝熱管群内に形成された抜き列等を通じて容器下方へ落下するため、伝熱管群内への滞留が抑えられ伝熱管への冷媒凝縮液付着量を減少させることができる。また、抜き列から伝熱管群内部へ冷媒の導入が促進され、容器下方に配設された伝熱管に付着する凝縮液量を減少させることができ、熱伝達率の低下を抑えることができる。
さらに、落下する凝縮液量が多量となる伝熱管群が配設される領域のみに液切り板を配設することによって、凝縮器の性能を維持した状態で重量を軽量化できる。
【００３６】
なお、上記凝縮器１０では、開口部２１及び抜き列２２は伝熱管群１５ａ及び１５ｂ中央部に配設されているが、左右対称位置に複数設けることも可能である（図示せず）。また液切り板２０は一方向に傾斜しているが、下方に位置する伝熱管群にむけて降り注ごうとする凝縮液を異なる２方向に分かれて受け流すため、山形の液切り板を配設することも可能である（図示せず）。これにより落下する凝縮液がさらに分散されるので、下方に配設された伝熱管に付着する凝縮液量を減少させることができる。
【００３７】
図４は、本発明の第２の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図４に示す凝縮器１０は、上記第１の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、液切り板２０の開口部近傍及び端部に上方に向かう湾曲部２３と下方に向かう湾曲部２４とが形成されている。
【００３８】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、冷媒入口１８から導入されて抜き列２２及び容器１４内周囲に沿って流れる冷媒ガスは、前記湾曲部２３、２４にあたって容器下方の伝熱管群１５ａへ誘導される。
前記上方に向かう湾曲部２３は、上方の伝熱管群１５ｂの表面から落下する凝縮液を、下方の伝熱管群１５ａ内に直接落下させることなく液切り板２０の表面を流れるように誘導する。
また前記下方に向かう湾曲部２４は、液切り板２０の開口部２１及び端部から下方へ落下する凝縮液が液切り板２０直下の伝熱管１５に直接かかるのを抑える。
【００３９】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、容器上方から入って空間部内及び容器内周面に沿って流れる冷媒ガスは、湾曲部にあたって容器下方の伝熱管群内へと誘導され、上方に配設されている伝熱管から落下する凝縮液は、湾曲部によって液切り板表面を流れるように誘導されて下方の伝熱管群に直接落下する凝縮液量を減少させるとともに、液切り板直下に配設された伝熱管群に直接降りかかるのを抑えることができるため、下方に配設されている伝熱管表面に付着する凝縮液の膜厚量を減少させることができる。
【００４０】
図５は、本発明の第３の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図５に示す凝縮器１０は、上記第１の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、伝熱管群１５ａ内の抜き列２２、液切り板２０の開口部２１、及び伝熱管群１５ａ内の抜き列２５の幅が、容器１４内の上方から下方に向けて漸次大きくなるようにそれぞれ形成されている。
【００４１】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、抜き列２２、２５を形成する周囲の伝熱管１５の表面で熱交換により凝縮、液化した冷媒液は、ほぼ鉛直下方に落下するため、抜き列２５を形成する周囲の伝熱管１５に降りかからない。
【００４２】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、抜き列周囲を中心に容器下方に配設されている伝熱管の表面に付着する凝縮液量を減少させることができる。
【００４３】
図６は、本発明の第４の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図６に示す凝縮器１０は、上記第１の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、容器１４の上方に形成された抜き列２２の幅が下方に形成された抜き列２５の幅よりも小さく、抜き列幅はそれぞれ一定の大きさであって、液切り板２０の開口部２１の開口幅は、抜き列２５の幅と同じ大きさに形成されている。
【００４４】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、開口部２１の幅が大きいことによって、容器１４の上方に配設された伝熱管１５から液切り板２０上に落下した凝縮液は、液切り板２０上に滞留することなく抜き列２５へ落下する。
【００４５】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、液切り板の直上に配設されている伝熱管が液切り板に溜まった凝縮液に浸されることが避けられ、伝熱管表面に付着する凝縮液量を減少させることができる。
【００４６】
図７は、本発明の第５の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図７に示す凝縮器１０は、第１の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、容器１４の上方の抜き列２２の幅が下方の抜き列２５の幅よりも小さく、抜き列幅はそれぞれ一定の大きさであって、液切り板２０の開口部２１の開口幅は、上方の抜き列２２の幅と同じ大きさに形成されている。
【００４７】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、抜き列２２及び開口部２１の幅のほうが、下方の抜き列２５の幅よりも小さいことから、上方の伝熱管群１５ｂから抜き列２２を落下する冷媒液及び液切り板２０に溜まった凝縮液は、冷媒入口１８から吹き付ける冷媒ガスにより飛散しても、十分大きい下方の抜き列２５によって周囲の伝熱管に降りかからずに下方へ落下する。
【００４８】
この冷凍機からなる凝縮器によれば、容器下方に配設された伝熱管に凝縮液が降りかかることが抑えられる。
【００４９】
図８は、本発明の第６の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図８に示す凝縮器１０は、第１の実施形態と同様の構成要素を有するが、伝熱管群１５ｂ内の抜き列２２、液切り板２０の開口部２１、及び伝熱管群１５ａ内の抜き列２５の幅が、容器１４内の上方から下方に向かって漸次小さくなるように形成されている。
【００５０】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、冷媒入口１８から導入された冷媒ガスは、幅の大きい抜き列２２から幅の小さい抜き列２５に沿って下方の伝熱管群１５ａに誘導される。
【００５１】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、冷媒ガスは下方の伝熱管群内を通り抜け易くなるため、冷媒ガスを伝熱管により多く接触させることができ、熱交換率の向上を図ることができる。
【００５２】
図９は、本発明の第７の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図９に示す凝縮器１０は、第１の実施形態と同様の構成要素を有するが、容器１４の上方の抜き列２２の幅が下方の抜き列２５の幅よりも大きく、抜き列幅がそれぞれ一定の大きさであって、液切り板２０の開口部２１の開口幅は、下方の抜き列２５の幅と同じ大きさに形成されている。
【００５３】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、冷媒ガスは幅の広い抜き列２２から幅の狭い抜き列２５に沿って誘導されて下方の伝熱管群１５ａ内を通り抜ける。また、容器１４上方から降り注ぐ凝縮液は、液切り板２０に落下後開口部２１から下方の抜き列２５内を落下する。
【００５４】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、下方の伝熱管に降りかかる凝縮液量を減らすことができるとともに、下方の伝熱管群内にも多くの冷媒ガスが供給され、伝熱管により多く接触して熱交換を促進させることができる。
【００５５】
図１０は、本発明の第８の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１０に示す凝縮器１０は、第１の実施形態と同様の構成要素を有するが、容器１４の上方の抜き列２２の幅が下方の抜き列２５の幅よりも大きく、抜き列の幅がそれぞれ一定の大きさであって、液切り板２０の開口部２１の開口幅が上方の抜き列２２の幅と同じ大きさに形成されている。
【００５６】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、液切り板２０の開口部２１の幅が、容器１４上方の抜き列２２の広い幅とほぼ同等に形成されていることによって、下方に配設されている伝熱管１５にも冷媒ガスが流れ込む。
【００５７】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、冷媒ガスを液切り板に遮られることなく容器下方に配設された伝熱管に導入させることができる。
【００５８】
図１１から図１７に図示する凝縮器１０は、図１に示す冷凍機において、冷却水入口１６に連通し容器１４内最下方に配設されている伝熱管群１５ａ（１パス目）と、冷却水出口１７に連通し容器１４内最上方に配設されている伝熱管群１５ｂ（３パス目）と、折り返されて容器１４内の中間に位置する新たな伝熱管群１５ｃ（２パス目）と、３層から構成される３パス型凝縮器と呼ばれるものである。
【００５９】
図１１は、本発明の第９の実施形態示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１１に示す凝縮器は、伝熱管群１５ａ〜１５ｃの各層間に水平面から傾斜して液切り板２０が配設されている。前記液切り板２０には開口部２１が形成されており、伝熱管群１５ａ〜１５ｃ内部には、開口部２１を貫通して容器１４内に上下方向（鉛直方向）に延在する抜き列２２が形成されている。
【００６０】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０は、伝熱管群が２層からなる第１の実施形態と同様の作用、効果を有する。
【００６１】
図１２は、本発明の第１０の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１２に示す凝縮器１０は、第９の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、液切り板２０が伝熱管群１５ａ〜１５ｃの層間のみに配設されている。
【００６２】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、容器の下方に配設される伝熱管１５ほど冷却水入口温度に近く低温であることから、伝熱管１５表面における熱交換によって生成される凝縮液量が増大する。
【００６３】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、液切り板を、凝縮液量の落下量が相対的に多い容器下方に配設された伝熱管群の層間のみに設置することによって、伝熱管に付着する凝縮液量を減らすとともに、凝縮器の部品点数及び重量の削減を図ることができる。
【００６４】
図１３は、本発明の第１１の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１３に示す凝縮器１０は、第９の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、液切り板２０が伝熱管群１５ｂ〜１５ｃの層間のみに配設されている。
【００６５】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器１０において、冷媒入口１８から導入された冷媒が、最初に熱交換されるのは容器１４内の上方に配設された伝熱管群１５ｂを構成する伝熱管１５であって、冷媒ガスと該伝熱管１５表面の温度差が大きい場合は、伝熱管群１５ｂにおける凝縮液量が最も多くなる。
【００６６】
この冷凍機の凝縮器によれば、液切り板を冷媒凝縮液量の落下量が多い上方に配設された伝熱管群の層間のみに設置することによって、伝熱管に付着する凝縮液量を減らすとともに、凝縮器の部品点数及び重量を削減できる。
【００６７】
図１４は、本発明の第１２の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１４に示す凝縮器は、第１０の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、伝熱管群１５ｂ〜１５ｃを貫通し容器１４の上下方向に一定の幅をもって延在する抜き列２２と、それよりも大きい一定の幅にて伝熱管群１５ａの上下方向に延在する抜き列２５と、抜き列２５と同じ大きさの幅の開口部２１が形成されている。
【００６８】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器は、伝熱管群が２層からなる第４の実施形態及び第１０の実施形態と同様の作用、効果を有する。
【００６９】
図１５は、本発明の第１３の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１５に示す凝縮器は、第１０の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、伝熱管群１５ｂ〜１５ｃを貫通し容器１４の上下方向に一定の幅をもって延在する抜き列２２と、それよりも大きい一定の幅にて伝熱管群１５ａの上下方向に延在する抜き列２５と、抜き列２２と同じ大きさの幅の開口部２１が形成されている。
【００７０】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器は、伝熱管群が２層からなる第５の実施形態及び第１０の実施形態と同様の作用、効果を有する。
【００７１】
図１６は、本発明の第１４の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１６に示す凝縮器は、第１１の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、伝熱管群１５ｂに一定の幅をもって上下方向に延在する抜き列２２と、それよりも大きい一定の幅にて伝熱管群１５ａ〜１５ｃを貫通し上下方向に延在する抜き列２５と、抜き列２５と同じ大きさの幅の開口部２１が形成されている。
【００７２】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器は、伝熱管群が２層からなる第４の実施形態及び第１１の実施形態と同様の作用、効果を有する。
【００７３】
図１７は、本発明の第１５の実施形態を示す。なお、以下の説明において、上記第１の実施形態において説明した構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
冷凍機の概略構成は、図１に示すものと同じである。
図１７に示す凝縮器は、第１１の実施形態と同様の構成を有するが、伝熱管群１５ｂに一定の幅をもって上下方向に延在する抜き列２２と、それよりも大きい一定の幅にて伝熱管群１５ａ〜１５ｃを貫通し、上下方向に延在する抜き列２５と、抜き列２２と同じ大きさの幅の開口部２１が形成されている。
【００７４】
上記の構成からなる凝縮器は、伝熱管群が２層からなる第５の実施形態及び第１１の実施形態と同様の作用、効果を有する。
【００７５】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の凝縮器及び冷凍機は以下の効果を奏する。
請求項１に係る発明によれば、液切り板よりも上方に配設されている伝熱管から下方に向けて降り注ぐ凝縮液は、液切り板によって遮られて液切り板表面を流れ、開口部から下方に形成された空間部を落下して容器外へ排除される。さらに、空間部及び液切り板の開口部が、容器上方から導入された冷媒ガスが容器内を下方に流れる際の通り道となって、空間部外周面から伝熱管群へ冷媒の導入が促進されるため、冷媒と伝熱管との熱伝達率が高まり、冷却効率の高い冷凍機を提供することができる。容器上方に形成されている空間部を取り囲む伝熱管群から降り注ぐ凝縮液が、容器下方に形成されている空間部を落下することから、凝縮液が下方の伝熱管群に降りかかる量を減少させて、冷媒と伝熱管との熱交換を向上させることができる。
【００７６】
請求項２に係る発明によれば、容器上方に形成されている空間部を取り囲む伝熱管群から降り注ぐ凝縮液が、容器下方に形成されている空間部を落下することから、凝縮液が下方の伝熱管群に降りかかる量を減少させて、冷媒と伝熱管との熱交換を向上させることができる。
【００７７】
請求項３に係る発明によれば、容器上方に形成されている空間部を取り囲んで配設された伝熱管から凝縮液が落下しても、容器下方に形成されている空間部を取り囲んで配設された伝熱管に直接降りかかることがない。さらに、液切り板表面を流れる凝縮液は、液切り板の開口部から下方に形成された空間部を落下していくことによって、直接下方伝熱管に降りかかる量を減らすことができ、冷媒と伝熱管との熱交換を向上させることができる。
【００７８】
請求項４に係る発明によれば、容器上方に形成された空間部を取り囲む伝熱管群から凝縮液が落下しても液切り板上に降り注ぐため、下方に形成された空間部を取り囲む伝熱管に直接ふりかかることがない。さらに、冷媒ガス流入に伴う容器内圧の高まりに伴い容器下方から逆流する冷媒ガスによって、上方に配設されている伝熱管群から降り注ぐ凝縮液が空間部内を下方から上方に再び押し戻されても、液切り板に遮られて上方の伝熱管群に凝縮液が再び降りかかることを抑えることができ、冷媒と伝熱管との熱交換率の低下を防止できる。
【００７９】
請求項５に係る発明によれば、液切り板よりも上方に配設されている伝熱管から下方に向けて降り注ぐ凝縮液は、液切り板によって遮られて液切り板表面を流れ、開口部から下方に形成された空間部を落下して容器外へ排除される。さらに、空間部及び液切り板の開口部が、容器上方から導入された冷媒ガスが容器内を下方に流れる際の通り道となって、空間部外周面から伝熱管群へ冷媒の導入が促進されるため、冷媒と伝熱管との熱伝達率が高まり、冷却効率の高い冷凍機を提供することができる。また、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ誘導する量を増やすことができる。さらに、空間部外周面を形成する伝熱管間から伝熱管群内部へ多くの冷媒ガスを行き渡らせることができる。これにより多くの該伝熱管を冷媒ガスに触れさせることが可能となり、冷媒と伝熱管との熱伝達率を高めることができる。
【００８０】
請求項６に係る発明によれば、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ誘導する量を増やすことができる。さらに、空間部外周面を形成する伝熱管間から伝熱管群内部へ多くの冷媒ガスを行き渡らせることができる。これにより多くの該伝熱管を冷媒ガスに触れさせることが可能となり、冷媒と伝熱管との熱伝達率を高めることができる。
【００８１】
請求項７に係る発明によれば、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ誘導する量を増やすことができる。さらに、液切り板表面を流れる凝縮液が液切り板開口部から下方に落下しても、直接容器下方に配設された伝熱管に降りかかる量を減らせることができるため、冷媒と伝熱管との熱交換を向上させることができる。
【００８２】
請求項８に係る発明によれば、冷媒ガス入口側に位置する容器上方に形成されている空間部に多くの冷媒ガスが取り込まれることによって、容器下方に形成された空間部へ流れる量を増やすことができる。さらに、容器下方に配設されている伝熱管群の上端部であって、容器上方の空間部に晒された伝熱管間からも冷媒ガスを取り込むことができることから、冷媒と伝熱管との熱伝達率を高めることができる。
【００８３】
請求項９に係る発明によれば、容器上方から入って空間部内及び容器内周面に沿って流れる冷媒ガスは、湾曲部にあたって容器下方の伝熱管群内へと誘導され、また上方に配設されている伝熱管から落下する凝縮液は、湾曲部を通じて液切り板表面を流れるように誘導される。
よって、下方の伝熱管群に直接落下する凝縮液量を減少させるとともに、液切り板直下に配設された伝熱管群に直接降りかかるのを抑えることができ、冷媒と伝熱管との熱伝達率を高めることができる。
【００８４】
請求項１０に係る発明によれば、上記のように凝縮器における伝熱管の熱伝達率が高められ、その結果として熱交換率が高められるので、エネルギー消費を抑えても従来と同等の性能が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る第１の実施形態を示す図であって、冷凍機の構成図である。
【図２】本発明に係る第１の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面（図１におけるＩＩ−ＩＩ矢視断面）図である。
【図３】本発明に係る第１の実施形態を示す凝縮器の平面及び側面図である。
【図４】本発明に係る第２の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図５】本発明に係る第３の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図６】本発明に係る第４の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図７】本発明に係る第５の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図８】本発明に係る第６の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図９】本発明に係る第７の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１０】本発明に係る第８の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１１】本発明に係る第９の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１２】本発明に係る第１０の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１３】本発明に係る第１１の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１４】本発明に係る第１２の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１５】本発明に係る第１３の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１６】本発明に係る第１４の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１７】本発明に係る第１５の実施形態を示す凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１８】冷凍機に具備される従来の凝縮器の断面図である。
【図１９】冷凍機に具備される他の従来の凝縮器の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１０凝縮器
１１膨張弁
１２蒸発器
１３圧縮機
１４容器
１５伝熱管
２０液切り板
２１開口部
２２、２５空間部
２３、２４湾曲部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a condenser that condenses and liquefies a refrigerant by exchanging heat between the cooling liquid and the refrigerant, and a refrigerator that includes the condenser.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  For example, in a large-scale structure such as a building, cold water cooled by a refrigerator is circulated through a pipe laid in the structure, and heat is exchanged with air in a room to perform cooling.
[0003]
  An example of a conventional condenser provided in this refrigerator is shown in FIG.
  In the condenser 1 shown in this figure, a large number of heat transfer tubes 3 that circulate cooling water are arranged in a zigzag bundle in a cylindrical container 2 into which refrigerant is introduced. It has a structure. The heat transfer tube 3 is divided into a heat transfer tube group 3 a communicating with the cooling water inlet 4 and a heat transfer tube group 3 b communicating with the cooling water outlet 5, and the directions of the cooling water flowing inside are different from each other. A refrigerant inlet 8 through which a refrigerant is introduced is provided at the upper part of the container 2, and a refrigerant outlet 9 through which the refrigerant is led out is provided at the lower part of the container 2.
[0004]
  The cooling water flowing in from the cooling water inlet 4 passes through the container 2, returns to the water chamber (not shown), returns through the container 2, and flows out from the cooling water outlet 5. In this process, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant introduced from the compressor (not shown) into the container 2 through the refrigerant inlet 8 is cooled, condensed, and liquefied by exchanging heat with the coolant on the surface of the heat transfer tube 3. And is supplied to an evaporator (not shown). One cooling water draws heat from the refrigerant, rises in temperature, and is led out from the container 2.
[0005]
  If the refrigerant liquid condensed by heat exchange adheres to the surface of the heat transfer tube and the liquid film becomes thicker, the thermal resistance of the liquid film itself increases, and the heat transfer performance on the surface of the heat transfer tube decreases. The area directly touching the heat transfer tube is reduced, and the heat exchange rate is lowered. In particular, the condensate poured from the upper heat transfer tube 3 adheres to the heat transfer tube 3 positioned below the container 2, making it difficult to transfer heat. In view of this, various structures have been conventionally proposed in which the poured coolant liquid is prevented from adhering to the lower heat transfer tube.
  In FIG. 18, by providing a liquid draining plate 6 that is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane between the bundled heat transfer tube groups 3a and 3b, the condensate poured from inside the container 2 is temporarily received on the way, The amount that falls on the heat transfer tube 3 is to be reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0006]
  Another example of the condenser is shown in FIG. In the condenser 1 shown in this figure, a part of a heat transfer tube group arranged in a group by a heat transfer tube 3 in the vessel 2 is extracted and penetrated in the vertical direction (vertical direction) in the vessel 2. By forming the space portion 7 to be formed, an attempt is made to reduce the amount of the condensate falling into the space portion and falling on the heat transfer tube 3 below (see Patent Document 2, for example).
[0007]
  (Patent Document 1)
  JP 2001-349441 A
  (Patent Document 2)
  JP 2002-130867 A
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  By the way, the condenser 1 illustrated in FIG. 18 is configured such that the refrigerant gas flowing from the upper side to the lower side in the container 2 is blocked by the liquid cutting plate 6, so that the heat transfer tube 3 disposed below the liquid cutting plate 6. As a result, there was a problem that the condenser performance could not be fully exhibited.
[0009]
  Further, in the condenser 1 shown in FIG. 19, the refrigerant that has fallen in liquid form from the heat transfer tubes 3 disposed inside the heat transfer tube group other than the periphery of the space portion 7 still has the heat transfer tubes disposed below. 3, the refrigerant liquid adheres to the surface of the heat transfer tube and the liquid film becomes thick, thereby making it difficult to perform heat exchange. As a result, there is a problem that the performance of the condenser cannot be exhibited sufficiently.
[0010]
  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and quickly removes the condensate from the heat transfer tube group and increases the heat transfer coefficient between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube in the condenser, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency. An object is to provide a condenser and a refrigerator.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
  The invention according to claim 1 is a heat transfer tube group comprising a container into which a refrigerant is introduced from above to below, and a large number of heat transfer tubes disposed in the container so as to form two or more layers in the vertical direction. And a condenser that includes a liquid draining plate disposed at an inclination with respect to a horizontal plane between the layers of the heat transfer tube group, and a space portion extending in the vertical direction in the heat transfer tube group of each layer The liquid drainage plate is formed with an opening for communicating the space formed in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space formed in the lower heat transfer tube group.The space portion in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space portion in the lower heat transfer tube group are arranged so as to be continuously located in the vertical direction through an opening provided in the liquid draining plate, And the width of the space part formed in the upper heat transfer tube group of these space parts is made smaller than the width of the space part formed in the lower heat transfer tube group.It is characterized by that.
[0012]
  According to the condenser according to the present invention, the condensate that pours downward from the heat transfer tube disposed above the liquid drain plate is blocked by the liquid drain plate and flows on the surface of the liquid drain plate, and the opening portion. The space formed below is dropped from the container and removed out of the container. Further, the space and the opening of the liquid draining plate serve as a passage when the refrigerant gas introduced from above the container flows downward in the container, and the introduction of the refrigerant into the lower heat transfer tube group is promoted.Further, since the condensate poured from the heat transfer tube group surrounding the space formed above the container falls in the space formed below the container, the condensate does not directly drop onto the heat transfer tube directly below.
[0013]
  Claim2The invention described in claim1In the described condenser,The space portion in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space portion in the lower heat transfer tube group gradually increase in width from the upper side in the upper heat transfer tube group toward the lower side in the lower heat transfer tube group. It is formed so that it may become.
[0014]
  According to the condenser according to the present invention, the condensate poured from the heat transfer tube group surrounding the space portion formed above the container drops in the space portion formed below the container, so that the heat transfer tube directly below There is no direct landing.
[0015]
  Claim3The invention described inThe condenser according to claim 1 or 2,The width of at least the lower end portion of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is smaller than the width of at least the upper end portion of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining is performed. The width of the opening of the plate is approximately the same as the upper end of the space formed in the lower heat transfer tube group.
[0016]
  According to the condenser of the present invention, even if the condensate falls from the heat transfer tube disposed surrounding the space formed above the container, the space formed around the container is surrounded. It does not fall directly on the installed heat transfer tube. Furthermore, the amount of the condensate flowing on the surface of the liquid draining plate falls directly on the lower heat transfer tube by dropping through the space formed below from the opening of the liquid draining plate.
[0017]
  Claim4The invention described inThe condenser according to claim 1 or 2,The width of at least the lower end portion of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is smaller than the width of at least the upper end portion of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining is performed. The width of the opening of the plate is approximately the same as the lower end of the space formed in the upper heat transfer tube group.
[0018]
  According to the condenser according to the present invention, even if the condensate falls from the heat transfer tube group surrounding the space portion formed above the container, it falls onto the liquid draining plate, and therefore the heat transfer tube surrounding the space portion formed below. There is no direct splash. Furthermore, even if the condensate that pours down from the heat transfer tube group disposed above by the refrigerant gas that flows backward from the lower side of the container as the pressure inside the container increases due to the refrigerant gas inflow, It is possible to prevent the condensate from falling again on the upper heat transfer tube group by being blocked by the liquid cutting plate.
[0019]
  Claim5The invention described inA container into which the refrigerant is introduced from the upper side to the lower side, a heat transfer tube group including a plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed in the container so as to form two or more layers in the vertical direction, and each layer of the heat transfer tube group In the condenser provided with a liquid cutting plate disposed at an inclination with respect to the horizontal plane, a space portion extending in the vertical direction with a width is provided in the heat transfer tube group of each layer, and the liquid cutting plate Is formed with an opening that communicates the space formed in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, the space in the upper heat transfer tube group, and A space portion in the lower heat transfer tube group is disposed so as to be continuously located in the vertical direction through the opening provided in the liquid draining plate, and is formed in the upper heat transfer tube group in these space portions. The width of the space portion is larger than the width of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group. Characterized in that it is.
[0020]
  According to the condenser according to the present invention, the condensate that pours downward from the heat transfer tube disposed above the liquid drain plate is blocked by the liquid drain plate and flows on the surface of the liquid drain plate, and the opening portion. The space formed below is dropped from the container and removed out of the container. Further, the space and the opening of the liquid draining plate serve as a passage when the refrigerant gas introduced from above the container flows downward in the container, and the introduction of the refrigerant into the lower heat transfer tube group is promoted. In addition, since a large amount of refrigerant gas is taken into the space formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, the amount of guidance to the space formed below the container can be increased. Furthermore, a large amount of refrigerant gas can be distributed from between the heat transfer tubes forming the outer peripheral surface of the space portion to the inside of the heat transfer tube group. As a result, many of the heat transfer tubes can be brought into contact with the refrigerant gas.
[0021]
  Claim6The invention described in6. The invention according to claim 5, wherein a space portion in the upper heat transfer tube group and a space portion in the lower heat transfer tube group are arranged in the lower heat transfer tube group from above in the upper heat transfer tube group. It is characterized by being formed so that the width gradually decreases downward.
[0022]
  According to the condenser according to the present invention, a large amount of the refrigerant gas is taken into the space portion formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, whereby the amount guided to the space portion formed below the container is reduced. Can be increased. Furthermore, a large amount of refrigerant gas can be distributed from between the heat transfer tubes forming the outer peripheral surface of the space portion to the inside of the heat transfer tube group. As a result, many of the heat transfer tubes can be brought into contact with the refrigerant gas.
[0023]
  Claim7The invention described inIn the invention according to claim 5 or 6,The width of at least the lower end portion of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is larger than the width of at least the upper end portion of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining The width of the opening of the plate is approximately the same as the upper end of the space formed in the lower heat transfer tube group.
[0024]
  According to the condenser according to the present invention, a large amount of the refrigerant gas is taken into the space portion formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, whereby the amount guided to the space portion formed below the container is reduced. Can be increased. Further, even if the condensate flowing on the surface of the liquid cutting plate falls downward from the opening of the liquid cutting plate, it does not fall directly on the heat transfer tube disposed below the container.
[0025]
  Claim8The invention described inIn the invention according to claim 5 or 6,The width of at least the lower end portion of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is larger than the width of at least the upper end portion of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining The width of the opening of the plate is approximately the same as the lower end of the space formed in the upper heat transfer tube group.
[0026]
  According to the condenser of the present invention, a large amount of refrigerant gas is taken into the space formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, thereby increasing the amount flowing into the space formed below the container. be able to. Furthermore, it is possible to take in the refrigerant gas from the heat transfer tube exposed at the upper space of the heat transfer tube group disposed below the container and exposed to the space above the container.
[0027]
  Claim9The invention described inThe invention according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a curved portion for guiding the refrigerant is formed in the vicinity of the opening portion and the end portion of the liquid cutting plate.
[0028]
  According to the condenser according to the present invention, the refrigerant gas that enters from above the container and flows along the space and the inner peripheral surface of the container is guided into the heat transfer tube group below the container at the curved portion. Further, the condensate falling from the heat transfer tube disposed above is guided to flow on the surface of the liquid draining plate through the curved portion. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of the condensate directly falling on the lower heat transfer tube group and to prevent the condensate from directly falling on the heat transfer tube group disposed immediately below the liquid draining plate.
[0029]
  Claim10The invention described in claim 1 is a refrigerator.9The condenser according to any one of the above, an expansion valve that decompresses the liquefied refrigerant, an evaporator that evaporates and vaporizes the decompressed refrigerant, and a compression that compresses the vaporized refrigerant and then supplies it to the condenser And a machine.
[0030]
  According to the refrigerator according to the present invention, since the heat exchange rate of the heat transfer tube in the condenser is increased as described above, the same performance as the conventional one can be obtained and the weight can be reduced even if the energy consumption is suppressed. It becomes.
[0031]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Next, a first embodiment of a refrigerator condenser according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
  A schematic configuration of the refrigerator is shown in FIG. This refrigerator includes a condenser 10 that condenses and liquefies the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the cooling water and the gaseous refrigerant, an expansion valve 11 that decompresses the condensed refrigerant, and a condensed refrigerant. Heat exchanger is exchanged with the cold water to cool the cold water and evaporate and vaporize the refrigerant, and the compressor 13 that supplies the condenser 10 after compressing the refrigerant evaporated and vaporized by the evaporator 12. And. The cold water cooled in the evaporator 12 is used for air conditioning of a building.
[0032]
  In the condenser 10, a large number of heat transfer tubes 15 that circulate cooling water are bundled in a zigzag shape in a cylindrical container 14 into which a gaseous refrigerant is introduced (simply shown in FIG. 1). The container 14 is arranged in the longitudinal direction. The heat transfer pipe 15 is provided with a heat transfer pipe group 15 a constituting the forward-side pipe line below the container 14 communicating with the cooling water inlet 16 and a return-side pipe line located above the container 14 communicating with the cooling water outlet 17. The heat transfer tube group 15b is divided into two layers, and the flow direction of the cooling water is different between the forward path side pipeline and the return path side pipeline. In addition, a refrigerant inlet 18 through which a refrigerant is introduced is provided at the upper part of the container 14, and a refrigerant outlet 19 through which the refrigerant is led out is provided at the lower part of the container 14.
[0033]
  Between the layers of the heat transfer tube groups 15a to 15b, a liquid draining plate 20 inclined with respect to a horizontal plane is disposed extending in the container longitudinal direction. An opening 21 is formed in the liquid cutting plate 20.
  In the heat transfer tube groups 15a and 15b, a draw-out line (space portion) 22 that penetrates the opening 21 and extends in the vertical direction (vertical direction) is formed. The extraction row 22 is formed so as to extend in the vertical direction with a constant width dimension and to extend in a predetermined region in the horizontal direction with the same constant width.
[0034]
  In the condenser 10 configured as described above, the refrigerant introduced into the container 14 from the refrigerant inlet 18 passes through the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the container 14 and the heat transfer tube group 15, the draw line 22 and the opening 21, and the heat transfer tube. They are guided into the groups 15 a and 15 b and supplied to the surface of the heat transfer tube 15. In this process, it is condensed and liquefied to become a condensate. The condensate falls to the bottom of the container due to its weight.
  The condensate that pours downward from the heat transfer tube group 15 b falls on the liquid draining plate 20, flows on the surface of the condensate, and opens from the opening 21 opened in the liquid draining plate 20 to the lower side of the extraction line 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the container 14. The liquid is dropped and removed from the gap with the end of the liquid draining plate 22 to be eliminated.
[0035]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, the condensate falls down the container through the opening of the liquid draining plate and a draw line formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, so that the stay in the heat transfer tube group is suppressed. Thus, the amount of refrigerant condensate adhering to the heat transfer tube can be reduced. Further, the introduction of the refrigerant from the extraction line to the inside of the heat transfer tube group is promoted, the amount of the condensate adhering to the heat transfer tube disposed below the container can be reduced, and the decrease in the heat transfer coefficient can be suppressed.
  Furthermore, the weight can be reduced while maintaining the performance of the condenser by disposing the liquid draining plate only in the region where the heat transfer tube group in which the amount of condensate falling is large is disposed.
[0036]
  In the condenser 10, the opening 21 and the extraction line 22 are arranged at the center of the heat transfer tube groups 15 a and 15 b, but a plurality of them can be provided at symmetrical positions (not shown). In addition, although the liquid draining plate 20 is inclined in one direction, a conical liquid draining plate is provided to separate and receive the condensate to be poured down toward the heat transfer tube group located below. It is also possible (not shown). As a result, the falling condensate is further dispersed, so that the amount of condensate adhering to the heat transfer tube disposed below can be reduced.
[0037]
  FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 4 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but includes a curved portion 23 that is upward and a curved portion 24 that is directed downward at and near the opening of the liquid draining plate 20. Is formed.
[0038]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant gas introduced from the refrigerant inlet 18 and flowing along the inner periphery of the extraction line 22 and the container 14 is guided to the heat transfer tube group 15a below the container at the curved portions 23 and 24. The
  The upwardly curved portion 23 guides the condensate falling from the surface of the upper heat transfer tube group 15b to flow on the surface of the liquid draining plate 20 without being dropped directly into the lower heat transfer tube group 15a.
  Further, the downwardly curved portion 24 prevents the condensate falling downward from the opening 21 and the end of the liquid draining plate 20 from being directly applied to the heat transfer tube 15 immediately below the liquid draining plate 20.
[0039]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, the refrigerant gas that enters from above the container and flows along the space and the inner peripheral surface of the refrigerator is guided into the heat transfer tube group below the container at the curved portion, and is disposed above. The condensate falling from the heat transfer pipe is guided to flow on the surface of the liquid cutting plate by the curved portion, reducing the amount of condensate falling directly to the lower heat transfer tube group, and disposed immediately under the liquid cutting plate. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the film thickness of the condensate adhering to the surface of the heat transfer tube disposed below.
[0040]
  FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 5 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the extraction line 22 in the heat transfer tube group 15a, the opening 21 of the liquid draining plate 20, and the extraction in the heat transfer tube group 15a. The width of the row 25 is formed so as to gradually increase from the upper side to the lower side in the container 14.
[0041]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant liquid condensed and liquefied by heat exchange on the surface of the surrounding heat transfer tubes 15 forming the extraction rows 22 and 25 falls almost vertically downward, so that the extraction row 25 is formed. Do not get down to the surrounding heat transfer tube 15.
[0042]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, it is possible to reduce the amount of condensate adhering to the surface of the heat transfer tube disposed below the container around the periphery of the draw line.
[0043]
  FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 6 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the width of the extraction row 22 formed above the container 14 is smaller than the width of the extraction row 25 formed below. The extraction row width is a constant size, and the opening width of the opening 21 of the liquid draining plate 20 is formed to be the same as the width of the extraction row 25.
[0044]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the condensate that has fallen onto the liquid draining plate 20 from the heat transfer tube 15 disposed above the container 14 due to the width of the opening 21 is large on the liquid draining plate 20. It falls to the extraction row | line | column 25, without staying in.
[0045]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, the amount of condensate adhering to the surface of the heat transfer tube is avoided by avoiding that the heat transfer tube disposed immediately above the liquid cut plate is immersed in the condensate accumulated on the liquid cut plate. Can be reduced.
[0046]
  FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 7 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the width of the upper row 22 of the container 14 is smaller than the width of the lower row 25, and the width of each row is constant. The opening width of the opening 21 of the liquid draining plate 20 is formed to be the same size as the width of the upper extraction row 22.
[0047]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, since the width of the extraction row 22 and the opening 21 is smaller than the width of the lower extraction row 25, the refrigerant liquid that drops the extraction row 22 from the upper heat transfer tube group 15b. And even if the condensate accumulated in the liquid draining plate 20 is scattered by the refrigerant gas blown from the refrigerant inlet 18, it falls down without falling down to the surrounding heat transfer tubes by the sufficiently large draw-out 25.
[0048]
  According to the condenser composed of the refrigerator, the condensate can be prevented from falling on the heat transfer tube disposed below the container.
[0049]
  FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 8 has the same components as those in the first embodiment, but the extraction row 22 in the heat transfer tube group 15b, the opening 21 of the liquid draining plate 20, and the extraction in the heat transfer tube group 15a. The width of the row 25 is formed so as to gradually decrease from the upper side to the lower side in the container 14.
[0050]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant gas introduced from the refrigerant inlet 18 is guided to the lower heat transfer tube group 15a from the wide draw line 22 along the narrow draw line 25.
[0051]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, since the refrigerant gas easily passes through the lower heat transfer tube group, more refrigerant gas can be brought into contact with the heat transfer tube, and the heat exchange rate can be improved.
[0052]
  FIG. 9 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 9 has the same components as those in the first embodiment, but the width of the upper row 22 of the container 14 is larger than the width of the lower row 25, and the width of the lower row is respectively. The opening width of the opening 21 of the liquid draining plate 20 is the same size as the width of the lower drawing row 25.
[0053]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant gas is guided from the wide draw line 22 along the narrow draw line 25 and passes through the lower heat transfer tube group 15a. Further, the condensate poured from above the container 14 falls on the liquid draining plate 20 and then falls in the lower draw line 25 from the opening 21.
[0054]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, the amount of condensate falling on the lower heat transfer tube can be reduced, and a large amount of refrigerant gas is also supplied into the lower heat transfer tube group so that the heat transfer tube is more in contact with the heat. Exchange can be promoted.
[0055]
  FIG. 10 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 10 has the same components as in the first embodiment, but the width of the upper row 22 of the container 14 is larger than the width of the lower row 25, and the width of the lower row is larger. Each of them has a constant size, and the opening width of the opening portion 21 of the liquid draining plate 20 is formed to be the same size as the width of the upper extraction row 22.
[0056]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the width of the opening 21 of the liquid draining plate 20 is substantially equal to the wide width of the extraction row 22 above the container 14, thereby being disposed below. The refrigerant gas also flows into the heat transfer tube 15.
[0057]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, the refrigerant gas can be introduced into the heat transfer tube disposed below the container without being blocked by the liquid draining plate.
[0058]
  The condenser 10 illustrated in FIGS. 11 to 17 includes a heat transfer tube group 15a (first pass) that communicates with the cooling water inlet 16 and is disposed at the lowermost position in the container 14 in the refrigerator illustrated in FIG. A heat transfer tube group 15b (third pass) that communicates with the cooling water outlet 17 and is disposed at the top of the container 14 and a new heat transfer tube group 15c that is folded and positioned in the middle of the container 14 (second pass). ) And a three-pass condenser composed of three layers.
[0059]
  FIG. 11 shows a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser shown in FIG. 11 is provided with a liquid draining plate 20 that is inclined from the horizontal plane between the layers of the heat transfer tube groups 15a to 15c. An opening 21 is formed in the liquid draining plate 20, and a draw line 22 that penetrates the opening 21 and extends in the vertical direction (vertical direction) through the opening 21 inside the heat transfer tube groups 15 a to 15 c. Is formed.
[0060]
  The condenser 10 having the above-described configuration has the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment in which the heat transfer tube group includes two layers.
[0061]
  FIG. 12 shows a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 12 has the same configuration as that of the ninth embodiment, but the liquid draining plate 20 is disposed only between the layers of the heat transfer tube groups 15a to 15c.
[0062]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the amount of condensate generated by heat exchange on the surface of the heat transfer tube 15 increases because the heat transfer tube 15 disposed below the container is closer to the cooling water inlet temperature. To do.
[0063]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, the liquid draining plate is attached to the heat transfer tube by being installed only between the layers of the heat transfer tube group disposed below the container where the amount of the condensed liquid falls is relatively large. While reducing the amount of condensate, the number of parts and weight of the condenser can be reduced.
[0064]
  FIG. 13 shows an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser 10 shown in FIG. 13 has the same configuration as that of the ninth embodiment, but the liquid draining plate 20 is disposed only between the layers of the heat transfer tube groups 15b to 15c.
[0065]
  In the condenser 10 having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant introduced from the refrigerant inlet 18 is first subjected to heat exchange with the heat transfer tubes 15 constituting the heat transfer tube group 15 b disposed above the inside of the container 14. When the temperature difference between the refrigerant gas and the surface of the heat transfer tube 15 is large, the amount of condensate in the heat transfer tube group 15b is the largest.
[0066]
  According to the condenser of this refrigerator, the amount of condensate adhering to the heat transfer tubes can be reduced by installing the liquid draining plate only between the layers of the heat transfer tube group disposed above where the amount of refrigerant condensate drops is large. It is possible to reduce the number of condenser parts and the weight.
[0067]
  FIG. 14 shows a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser shown in FIG. 14 has the same configuration as that of the tenth embodiment, but a draw line 22 that penetrates the heat transfer tube groups 15b to 15c and extends with a certain width in the vertical direction of the container 14, and Further, there are formed a row 25 extending in the vertical direction of the heat transfer tube group 15a with a large constant width, and an opening 21 having the same width as the row 25.
[0068]
  The condenser having the above-described configuration has the same operations and effects as the fourth and tenth embodiments in which the heat transfer tube group is composed of two layers.
[0069]
  FIG. 15 shows a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser shown in FIG. 15 has the same configuration as that of the tenth embodiment, but the extraction row 22 that penetrates the heat transfer tube groups 15b to 15c and extends with a certain width in the vertical direction of the container 14, and Also, a draw row 25 extending in the vertical direction of the heat transfer tube group 15 a with a large constant width and an opening 21 having the same width as the draw row 22 are formed.
[0070]
  The condenser having the above-described configuration has the same functions and effects as those of the fifth and tenth embodiments in which the heat transfer tube group is composed of two layers.
[0071]
  FIG. 16 shows a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser shown in FIG. 16 has the same configuration as that of the eleventh embodiment. However, the condenser row 15b extends vertically with a certain width and has a certain width larger than that. An extraction row 25 penetrating through the heat transfer tube groups 15 a to 15 c and extending in the vertical direction, and an opening 21 having the same width as the extraction row 25 are formed.
[0072]
  The condenser having the above-described configuration has the same functions and effects as those of the fourth and eleventh embodiments in which the heat transfer tube group is composed of two layers.
[0073]
  FIG. 17 shows a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the components described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
  The schematic configuration of the refrigerator is the same as that shown in FIG.
  The condenser shown in FIG. 17 has the same configuration as that of the eleventh embodiment. However, the heat exchanger tube group 15b has a fixed width extending in the vertical direction and a constant width larger than that. An extraction row 25 that passes through the heat transfer tube groups 15 a to 15 c and extends in the vertical direction, and an opening 21 having the same size as the extraction row 22 are formed.
[0074]
  The condenser having the above-described configuration has the same operations and effects as the fifth and eleventh embodiments in which the heat transfer tube group is composed of two layers.
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, the condenser and the refrigerator of the present invention have the following effects.
  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the condensate that pours downward from the heat transfer tube disposed above the liquid draining plate is blocked by the liquid drainage plate and flows on the surface of the liquid drainage plate. The space formed below is dropped from the container and removed out of the container. Furthermore, the space and the opening of the liquid draining plate serve as a passage when the refrigerant gas introduced from above the container flows downward in the container, and the introduction of the refrigerant from the outer peripheral surface of the space to the heat transfer tube group is promoted. Therefore, the heat transfer coefficient between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube is increased, and a refrigerator with high cooling efficiency can be provided.Since the condensate poured from the heat transfer tube group surrounding the space formed above the container falls in the space formed below the container, the amount of the condensate falling on the heat transfer tube group below is reduced. The heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube can be improved.
[0076]
  Claim2According to the invention, the condensate poured from the heat transfer tube group surrounding the space portion formed above the container falls in the space portion formed below the container, so the condensate is below the heat transfer tube group. It is possible to improve the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube.
[0077]
  Claim3According to the invention related to the above, even when the condensate falls from the heat transfer tube disposed so as to surround the space formed above the container, it is disposed so as to surround the space formed below the container. It does not fall directly on the heat transfer tube. Furthermore, the amount of the condensate flowing on the surface of the liquid draining plate falls directly from the opening of the liquid draining plate to the space formed below, so that the amount of the condensate falling directly on the lower heat transfer tube can be reduced. Heat exchange with the heat pipe can be improved.
[0078]
  Claim4According to the present invention, even if the condensate falls from the heat transfer tube group surrounding the space formed above the container, it falls onto the liquid draining plate, so that the heat transfer tube surrounding the space formed below is directly shaken. There is no such thing. Furthermore, even if the condensate that pours down from the heat transfer tube group disposed above by the refrigerant gas that flows backward from the bottom of the container as the pressure inside the container increases due to the refrigerant gas inflow, It is possible to prevent the condensate from falling again on the upper heat transfer tube group by being blocked by the liquid cutting plate, and to prevent a reduction in the heat exchange rate between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube.
[0079]
  Claim5According to the invention according toThe condensate that pours downward from the heat transfer tube disposed above the liquid draining plate is blocked by the liquid draining plate, flows on the surface of the liquid draining plate, and falls through the space formed below from the opening. To be removed from the container. Further, the space and the opening of the liquid draining plate serve as a passage when the refrigerant gas introduced from above the container flows downward in the container, and the introduction of the refrigerant from the outer peripheral surface of the space to the heat transfer tube group is promoted. Therefore, the heat transfer coefficient between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube is increased, and a refrigerator with high cooling efficiency can be provided. In addition, since a large amount of refrigerant gas is taken into the space formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, the amount of guidance to the space formed below the container can be increased. Furthermore, a large amount of refrigerant gas can be distributed from between the heat transfer tubes forming the outer peripheral surface of the space portion to the inside of the heat transfer tube group. As a result, many of the heat transfer tubes can be brought into contact with the refrigerant gas, and the heat transfer rate between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tubes can be increased.
[0080]
  Claim6According to the invention according to the above, a large amount of refrigerant gas is taken into the space formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, thereby increasing the amount of guidance to the space formed below the container. it can. Furthermore, a large amount of refrigerant gas can be distributed from between the heat transfer tubes forming the outer peripheral surface of the space portion to the inside of the heat transfer tube group. As a result, many of the heat transfer tubes can be brought into contact with the refrigerant gas, and the heat transfer rate between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tubes can be increased.
[0081]
  Claim7According to the invention according to the above, a large amount of refrigerant gas is taken into the space formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, thereby increasing the amount of guidance to the space formed below the container. it can. Furthermore, even if the condensate flowing on the surface of the liquid cutting plate falls downward from the opening of the liquid cutting plate, the amount that falls directly on the heat transfer tube disposed below the container can be reduced. The heat exchange can be improved.
[0082]
  Claim8According to the invention, a large amount of refrigerant gas is taken into the space formed above the container located on the refrigerant gas inlet side, whereby the amount flowing into the space formed below the container can be increased. . Furthermore, since the refrigerant gas can be taken in from the upper end portion of the heat transfer tube group disposed below the vessel and exposed to the space portion above the vessel, the heat of the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube The transmission rate can be increased.
[0083]
  Claim9According to the invention, the refrigerant gas that enters from above the container and flows along the space and along the inner peripheral surface of the container is guided into the heat transfer tube group below the container at the curved portion, and is disposed upward. The condensate falling from the heat transfer tube is guided to flow on the surface of the liquid cutting plate through the curved portion.
  Therefore, the amount of condensate falling directly on the lower heat transfer tube group can be reduced, and it can be prevented that the condensate falls directly on the heat transfer tube group disposed immediately below the liquid draining plate, and the heat transfer coefficient between the refrigerant and the heat transfer tube. Can be increased.
[0084]
  Claim10According to the invention according to the present invention, the heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer tube in the condenser is increased as described above, and as a result, the heat exchange rate is increased. Therefore, even if energy consumption is suppressed, the same performance as the conventional one can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment according to the present invention and is a configuration diagram of a refrigerator.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (a cross-section taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1) of the condenser showing the first embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view and a side view of the condenser showing the first embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a condenser showing a second embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a condenser showing a third embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a condenser showing a fourth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a condenser showing a fifth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a condenser showing a sixth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a condenser showing a seventh embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a condenser showing an eighth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a condenser showing a ninth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a condenser showing a tenth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a condenser showing an eleventh embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a condenser showing a twelfth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a condenser showing a thirteenth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a condenser showing a fourteenth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a condenser showing a fifteenth embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional condenser provided in a refrigerator.
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of another conventional condenser provided in the refrigerator.
[Explanation of symbols]
  10 Condenser
  11 Expansion valve
  12 Evaporator
  13 Compressor
  14 containers
  15 Heat transfer tube
  20 Liquid cutting board
  21 opening
  22, 25 Space
  23, 24 Curved part

Claims

A container into which the refrigerant is introduced from the upper side to the lower side, a heat transfer tube group including a plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed in the container so as to form two or more layers in the vertical direction, and each layer of the heat transfer tube group In the condenser provided with a liquid draining plate arranged to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane,
In each heat transfer tube group of each layer, a space portion extending in the vertical direction is provided, and the liquid draining plate has a space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group and a lower heat transfer tube group. An opening that communicates with the formed space is formed ,
The space part in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space part in the lower heat transfer tube group are arranged so as to be continuously located in the vertical direction through the opening provided in the liquid draining plate, and The condenser characterized in that the width of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group of these space portions is smaller than the width of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group .

The space portion in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space portion in the lower heat transfer tube group gradually increase in width from the upper side in the upper heat transfer tube group toward the lower side in the lower heat transfer tube group. The condenser according to claim 1, wherein the condenser is formed as follows .

The width of at least the lower end of the space formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is smaller than the width of at least the upper end of the space formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining The condenser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the width of the opening of the plate is substantially the same as the upper end of the space formed in the lower heat transfer tube group.

The width of at least the lower end portion of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is smaller than the width of at least the upper end portion of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining is performed. The condenser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the width of the opening of the plate is substantially the same as the lower end of the space formed in the upper heat transfer tube group.

A container into which the refrigerant is introduced from the upper side to the lower side, a heat transfer tube group including a plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed in the container so as to form two or more layers in the vertical direction, and each layer of the heat transfer tube group In the condenser provided with a liquid draining plate arranged to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane,
In each heat transfer tube group of each layer, a space portion extending in the vertical direction is provided, and the liquid draining plate has a space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group and a lower heat transfer tube group. An opening that communicates with the formed space is formed,
The space part in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space part in the lower heat transfer tube group are arranged so as to be continuously located in the vertical direction through the opening provided in the liquid draining plate, and The condenser characterized in that the width of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group of these space portions is larger than the width of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group.

The width of the space portion in the upper heat transfer tube group and the space portion in the lower heat transfer tube group gradually decrease from the upper side in the upper heat transfer tube group toward the lower side in the lower heat transfer tube group. 6. The condenser according to claim 5 , wherein the condenser is formed as follows .

The width of at least the lower end portion of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is larger than the width of at least the upper end portion of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining The condenser according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the width of the opening of the plate is substantially the same as the upper end of the space formed in the lower heat transfer tube group.

The width of at least the lower end portion of the space portion formed in the upper heat transfer tube group is larger than the width of at least the upper end portion of the space portion formed in the lower heat transfer tube group, and the liquid draining The condenser according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the width of the opening of the plate is substantially the same as the lower end of the space formed in the upper heat transfer tube group.

The condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a curved portion for guiding the refrigerant is formed in the vicinity of the opening of the liquid draining plate or at an end of the plate.

The condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , an expansion valve that decompresses the liquefied refrigerant, an evaporator that evaporates and vaporizes the decompressed refrigerant, and the condensation after compressing the vaporized refrigerant. And a compressor for supplying to the refrigerator.