JP4043179B2 - Pipe heater and fluid heating apparatus using pipe heater - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pipe heater and a fluid heating apparatus using the pipe heater. More specifically, the water flowing through the pipe material is efficiently heated, and even when directly immersed in a fluid such as a pipe heater and water used to provide hot water in a short time, water resistance and corrosion resistance are extended for a long time. The present invention relates to a fluid heating apparatus that is excellent in heating a fluid such as water flowing in and out of a pipe material and providing hot water in a short time.
[0002]
[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
There are devices and appliances that provide warm water at an appropriate temperature in a short time, such as electric water heaters and toilet seats with water heaters. Among these devices, in the type of flowing water as the medium to be heated in the pipe, in order to raise tap water immediately to the desired temperature immediately if possible, a tank for storing hot water is usually provided in advance. There is a type in which the water in the tank needs to be continuously heated and a type in which a sheathed heater is wound around the pipe.
[0003]
However, these types of heaters require energy to keep the water warm, and indirectly heat the pipe from the outside, so the heat exchange efficiency is inferior and it takes time to heat, Effective use of thermal energy has not been achieved.
[0004]
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a pipe heater that is excellent in thermal efficiency and can obtain hot water in a short time, and a fluid heating device that uses the pipe heater.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The fluid heating device of the present invention has a pipe material in which one end is an inlet and the other end is closed and a flow hole is formed in the vicinity of the closed side, and an insulating glass laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material A pipe heater comprising a terminal connected to the end of the heat generating part, and a heat generating part and a protective glass layer;
The heat generating part and the outer periphery of the circulation hole are secured to cover the outer periphery of the heat generating part and the circulation hole, and the outer body is formed with a supply port for guiding the fluid to the outside. The heat generating unit is a fluid heating device including a silver-transition metal resistor layer , wherein an epoxy resin layer and a fluororesin layer are further laminated on the protective glass layer .
[0007]
Also, the fluid heating device of the present invention has a pipe material in which one end is an inlet and the other end is closed and a flow hole is formed in the vicinity of the closed side, and an insulation laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material. A pipe heater comprising a glass, a heating part, a protective glass layer, and a terminal connected to an end of the heating part;
The heat generating part and the outer periphery of the circulation hole are secured to cover the outer periphery of the heat generating part and the circulation hole, and the outer body is formed with a supply port for guiding the fluid to the outside. A first circulation path in which at least two pipe heaters are disposed in the exterior body, the exterior bodies are disposed in multiples, and a fluid flows in or out between the pipe heaters of adjacent exterior bodies; A second circulation path for circulating a fluid is provided between the pipe heaters in the outer package of the row, and the heat generating portion is formed of a silver-transition metal resistor layer.
[0008]
Furthermore, the fluid heating device of the present invention has a pipe material in which one end is an inlet and the other end is closed and a flow hole is formed in the vicinity of the closed side, and a fluid flow path is secured in the pipe material. Extrapolated and closed at both ends, and a large-diameter pipe material in which a flow hole connected to the flow path is formed, insulating glass and heat generating part and protective glass layer laminated on the outer peripheral surface of each pipe material, And a multi-pipe heater comprising a terminal connected to the end of the heat generating part,
An exterior in which a fluid flow path is secured on the outer periphery of the heat generating portion and the circulation hole of the large-diameter pipe material to cover the outer peripheral portion of the heat generating portion and the circulation hole, and a supply port for guiding the fluid outward is formed A fluid heating device in which the heat generating part is composed of a silver-transition metal resistor layer , wherein an epoxy resin layer and a fluororesin layer are further laminated on the protective glass layer. To do.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a pipe heater of the present invention and a fluid heating apparatus using the pipe heater will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a pipe heater according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a development view of the pipe heater in FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the fluid heating apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the fluid heating apparatus in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 8 is a development view of the pipe heater in FIG. 5, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the fluid heating apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway view showing the exterior body in FIG. 9, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid heating apparatus in FIG. 11, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the fluid heating apparatus of the present invention. However, in order to facilitate the explanation, hatching is given in the drawings other than the cross-sectional views, and the dimensions of the respective layers are enlarged or reduced.
[0010]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a pipe heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heat generating portion laminated on a pipe material 2, a protection portion 11, and a terminal 7 connected to the heat generating portion. That is, the pipe material 2, the insulating glass layer 3 laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 2, and the silver-transition metal of the heat generating part laminated on the insulating glass layer 3, such as silver-palladium, silver-ruthenium A silver-rhodium-based resistor layer 4, a terminal 7 connected to the end 5 of the resistor layer 4 via a conductive layer 6, and a protective layer on the silver-transition metal resistor layer 4 The glass layer 8 is composed of a protective portion 11 in which an epoxy resin layer 9 and a fluororesin layer 10 are laminated in this order. Reference numeral 12 denotes a brazed portion of the terminal 7. Moreover, the said protection part 11 is not limited only to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 2, but can also be given to the inner wall of the pipe material 2. FIG.
[0011]
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the pipe heater of the present invention includes a pipe member 22 piped to a faucet 21 of a water heater, a laminated portion 23 composed of a heat generating portion and a protective portion, and a terminal connected to the heat generating portion. It can be used as a pipe heater 24 provided.
[0012]
As the pipe material 2, various metals can be used. For example, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, iron and the like can be mentioned, and stainless steel is particularly preferable because it is inexpensive and has good corrosion resistance. The cross-sectional shape may be circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, or irregular.
[0013]
As for the dimensions of the pipe heater, when the cross-sectional shape is circular, a resistor layer printing surface (reference numeral 13 in FIG. 1) is formed on the outer surface of the pipe material having an outer diameter of about 8 to 300 mm and a length of about 10 to 1000 mm. Those having a length of about 8 to 990 mm are suitable. These pipe heaters can be used alone or in combination.
[0014]
The insulating glass layer 3 usually has a thickness of about 0.06 to 0.1 mm, and the glass type is BaO / SiO ₂ / CaO / SrO (for example, weight ratio: 30 to 50/15 to 30 / 10-20 / 1-5) glass, in particular, crystallized glass having this composition can be used.
[0015]
A silver-transition metal resistor layer 4 is patterned on the insulating glass layer 3, and the resistor layer 4 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 6 for the terminal 7 mainly composed of silver at the end 5. Has been. The thickness of the resistor layer 4 is about 8 to 15 μm.
[0016]
Next, the protection unit 11 of the present embodiment will be described. The protective part 11 is composed of an epoxy resin layer 9 and a fluororesin layer 10 laminated on the protective glass layer 8, and by providing this protective part 11, the electrical insulation and water resistance of the heater are improved. Can be made. Therefore, when the pipe heater of the present invention is used in a place with high humidity or a place where there is a risk of being exposed to water, it is preferable to provide such a protection unit 11.
[0017]
First, the protective glass layer 8 provided on the resistor layer 4 has a function of physically and electrically protecting the resistor layer 4. Examples of the glass used for the protective glass layer 8 include PbO—B ₂ O ₃ —SiO ₂ , BaO—SiO ₂ —SrO—CaO, and the like. preferable. The thickness of the protective glass layer 8 is usually 0.02 to 0.07 mm. The protective glass layer 8 needs to completely cover at least the resistor layer 4.
[0018]
The epoxy resin layer 9 laminated on the protective glass layer 8 has a function of ensuring insufficient electrical insulation by the protective glass layer 8 alone. In general, resins have poor heat conductivity, and among them, epoxy resins have relatively good heat conductivity. In the present invention, in order to further improve the thermal conductivity, an additive excellent in corrosion resistance and electrical insulation, such as a highly heat conductive aluminum-based ceramic powder such as Al ₂ O ₃ may be blended. A compounding quantity is 10-200 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of epoxy resins, Preferably it is 180-200 weight part. The epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it has excellent electrical insulation and good thermal conductivity. In addition, other resins such as silicone resins can be used in combination as long as the electrical insulation and thermal conductivity are not impaired. For example, a curing catalyst such as a modified aliphatic polyamine or a curing accelerator may be added as appropriate. The thickness of the epoxy resin layer 6 is 0.05 to 2.0 mm, preferably 1.0 to 1.5 mm. If the thickness is too thin, the required electrical insulation cannot be obtained, and if the thickness is too thick, the thermal efficiency of the heater decreases.
[0019]
A fluororesin layer 10 is further provided on the epoxy resin layer 9. This is because the epoxy resin layer alone has insufficient water resistance and corrosion resistance over a long period of time. As the fluororesin used for the fluororesin layer 10, a fluororesin composition having a curing temperature of 200 ° C. or lower is used so as not to adversely affect the epoxy resin layer 9 and the heat generating part when thermally cured. Examples of such a fluororesin composition include a mixture of a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) and an epoxy resin (particularly a bisphenol-based epoxy resin). preferable. In particular, a mixture of PTFE and an epoxy resin is preferable from the viewpoint of good adhesion to the epoxy resin layer 9, excellent water resistance, and low curing temperature. The mixing ratio of the fluororesin and the epoxy resin is preferably such that the fluororesin / epoxy resin (weight ratio) is 7/3 to 8/2. The thickness of the fluororesin layer 10 is usually 0.02 to 0.04 mm, preferably 0.03 to 0.04 mm.
[0020]
Next, the manufacturing method will be briefly described.
[0021]
First, if necessary, the surface of the pipe material 2 is subjected to roughening such as sand blasting, and then the pipe material 2 is degreased and cleaned (for example, ultrasonic cleaning) with an organic solvent such as alcohol or a detergent. The pipe material 2 is coated with insulating glass (brush coating method, roll coating method, dispenser method, screen printing method, etc.), dried and fired to form the insulating glass layer 3. Next, a silver paste is printed on one end portion of the insulating glass portion 3 (screen printing method, dispenser method, etc.), dried and fired to form the terminal 7, and then a silver-transition metal ( For example, a paste of silver-palladium or the like) is printed (screen printing method, dispenser method, etc.), dried and fired to form the resistor layer 4. Thereafter, the protective glass composition 8 is coated, dried and fired to form the protective glass layer 8.
[0022]
Next, the epoxy resin composition is coated (dipping method, brush coating method, roll coating method, dispenser method, screen printing method, etc.), and after drying, it is about 15 to 20 minutes in a drying oven up to 200 ° C. (for example, 150 ° C.). The epoxy resin layer 9 is formed by heating and curing.
[0023]
Finally, the fluororesin layer 10 that is the outermost layer is formed. First, in order to avoid the occurrence of pinholes by coating the fluororesin composition (spray method, dipping method, brush coating method, roll coating method, dispenser method, screen printing method, etc., spray method is common) After primary curing at about 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, secondary curing is performed at a temperature of about 200 ° C.
[0024]
Next, the fluid heating apparatus of the present invention will be described.
[0025]
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, a fluid heating apparatus 51 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pipe heater 52 and an outer body 53 that covers the heater 52. That is, one end is an inlet 54 and the other end is closed by a plug 55, and a pipe material 57 in which a flow hole 56 is formed in the vicinity of the closed side, and insulation laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 57 A pipe heater 52 comprising a glass layer 63, a silver-transition metal resistor layer 64 as a heat generating portion, a protective portion 59, and a terminal 60 connected to an end portion 58 of the resistor layer 64 of the heat generating portion, and the heat generation. A fluid flow path 61 is secured on the outer periphery of the resistor layer 64 and the circulation hole 56 of the part to cover the outer peripheral part of the resistor layer 64 and the circulation hole 56 of the heat generating part, and supply the fluid to the outside It is comprised from the exterior body 53 in which the opening | mouth 62 is formed. The protective part 59 is not limited to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 57 but can be applied to the inner wall of the pipe material 57.
[0026]
Similarly to the heat generating part, the heat generating part is composed of a pattern of a silver-transition metal resistor layer 64 laminated on the insulating glass layer 63, and the protective part 59 is protected similarly to the protective part 11. It consists of an epoxy resin layer 66 and a fluororesin layer 67 laminated on the glass layer 65 for use.
[0027]
As the pipe material 57, various metals similar to the pipe material 22 can be used. In addition, as the exterior body 53, a rectangular hollow body 53a made of a heat resistant alloy or synthetic resin and a cover 53b are assembled and assembled, but the flow passage 61 can be secured and covered. If it is a shape, it can be circular like the pipe material 57. In this embodiment, in order to secure the flow passage, the exterior body is a hollow body. However, in the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this, and a spiral flow passage is previously provided inside. It can also be formed.
[0028]
A silver-transition metal resistor layer 64 is patterned on the insulating glass layer 63, and the resistor layer 64 is electrically connected to a terminal conductive layer 69 mainly composed of silver at an end portion 64a. ing.
[0029]
Next, the protection part 59 of the present embodiment is composed of an epoxy resin layer 66 and a fluororesin layer 67 laminated on the protective glass layer 65, and by providing this protection part 59, the electric power of the heater Although insulation and water resistance can be improved, in the present invention, only the protective glass layer 65 can be used.
[0030]
The protective glass layer 65 provided on the resistor layer 64, the epoxy resin layer 66 laminated on the protective glass 65, and the fluororesin layer 67 further laminated on the epoxy resin 66 are respectively provided with the protective layer. The same glass layer 8, epoxy resin layer 9 and fluororesin layer 10 can be used.
[0031]
In the present embodiment, a fluid such as water or oil injected from the inlet 54 of the pipe heater 52 is heated by the resistor layer 64 of the heat generating portion while flowing through the pipe material 57, and the flow hole 56. While flowing through the flow passage 61, the resistor layer 64 of the heat generating part is heated. Thereby, the fluid flowing out from the supply port 62 is heated to a high temperature.
[0032]
Next, another embodiment of the fluid heating apparatus will be described.
[0033]
In the present embodiment, the heating process of the fluid is lengthened to generate a higher temperature fluid. That is, in the fluid heating device of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 10, two pipe heaters 52 are disposed in the exterior body 71 and the exterior bodies 71 are disposed so as to be combined in four rows. Yes. On the outer periphery of each pipe heater 52, a flow passage 72 is formed in a spiral shape in advance inside a synthetic resin exterior body 71. Reference numeral 73 denotes an auxiliary for closing the flow passage 72 opened at the end of the exterior body 71, which is formed when the flow passage 72 and the insertion hole of the pipe heater 52 are formed by a spiral jig or the like and then the jig is removed. It is a lid. In this embodiment, the flow path is a spiral flow path of resin. However, in the present invention, the flow path can be formed by a spiral pipe instead.
[0034]
After each pipe heater 52 and the exterior body 71 are fitted to each other, the flow passage 72 and the flow hole 56 (see FIG. 6) of the pipe heater 52 are aligned, and then fluid does not leak to the outer surface. It is fixed together with the auxiliary lid 73 by welding or the like. The fluid flowing in from the inflow port 54 passes through the flow path 72 from the inside of the pipe material 57 and the flow hole 56, and then flows from the pipe heater of the adjacent exterior body 71a through the first circulation path 74a from the supply port 62a. It flows into the inlet 54a. Similarly, it flows into the pipe heaters of the adjacent exterior bodies 71b and 71c via the first circulation paths 74b and 74c. Then, the fluid is circulated through the second circulation path 75 only between the upper pipe heater 52 and the lower pipe heater 52 in the exterior body 71c of the last row. Next, the fluid is circulated from the lower pipe heater 52 of the outer body 71c in the final row to the lower pipe heaters 52 of the adjacent outer bodies 71b, 71a, and 71 via the first circulation paths 76c, 76b, 76a. . As a result, the fluid flowing into the inflow port 54 is heated by the pipe heater 52 of each of the exterior bodies 71 to 71 c and flows out from the supply port 62. For example, if the output of each pipe heater 52 in each exterior body 71 to 71c is 370 W, thermal energy of 2960 W (370 W × 8) can be obtained from the fluid flowing out from the supply port 62.
[0035]
Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 12, the fluid is heated to a high temperature by a multiple pipe heater. That is, in the fluid heating apparatus of the present embodiment, pipe heaters 83 and 84 having large-diameter pipe materials 81 and 82 that are sequentially inserted by securing the fluid flow passage 61 in the pipe material 57 of the pipe heater 52 are arranged. ing. Each large-diameter pipe material 81, 82 is formed with a laminated portion 85 composed of a heat generating portion and a protective portion, similarly to the pipe heater 52, and a terminal 60 is connected to the end of the heat generating portion. In the present embodiment, both ends of the pipe heater 52 of the pipe material 57 and the pipe heaters 83 and 84 of the large diameter pipe materials 81 and 82 are supported by the lid member 87 of the exterior body 86. Therefore, the fluid flowing in from the inflow port 54 passes through the flow passage 56 from the inside of the pipe material 57 and then passes through the flow holes 88 and 89 of the large-diameter pipe materials 81 and 82 and the flow passages 90 and 91. 92.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is excellent in thermal efficiency and warm water can be obtained in a short time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a pipe heater according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
3 is a development view of the pipe heater in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of use of a pipe heater.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a fluid heating apparatus of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid heating device in FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
8 is a development view of the pipe heater in FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the fluid heating apparatus of the present invention.
10 is a partial cutaway view showing a part of the fluid heating device in FIG. 9. FIG.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the fluid heating apparatus of the present invention.
12 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid heating device in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 52 Pipe heater 2, 57 Pipe material 3, 63 Insulating glass layer 4, 64 Heating part (resistor layer)
5, 58, 64a End portion 6, 69 Conductive layer 7, 60 Terminal 8, 65 Protective glass layer 9, 66 Epoxy resin layer 10, 67 Fluororesin layer 11, 59 Protective portion 12 Brazing portion 51 Fluid heating device 53 Exterior Body 54 Inlet 55 Plug 56 Flow hole 61 Flow path 62 Supply port 68 Printing surface

Claims (5)

One end is an inflow port, the other end is closed, and a pipe material in which a flow hole is formed in the vicinity of the closed side, insulating glass, a heat generating portion, and a protective glass layer laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material And a pipe heater comprising a terminal connected to the end of the heat generating part,
The heat generating part and the outer periphery of the circulation hole are secured to cover the outer periphery of the heat generating part and the circulation hole, and the outer body is formed with a supply port for guiding the fluid to the outside. The fluid heating device , wherein the heat generating portion is a silver-transition metal resistor layer, and an epoxy resin layer and a fluororesin layer are further laminated on the protective glass layer . Fluid heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said outer body is formed by a hollow body. One end is an inflow port, the other end is closed, and a pipe material in which a flow hole is formed in the vicinity of the closed side, insulating glass, a heat generating portion, and a protective glass layer laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material And a pipe heater comprising a terminal connected to the end of the heat generating part,
The heat generating part and the outer periphery of the circulation hole are secured to cover the outer periphery of the heat generating part and the circulation hole, and the outer body is formed with a supply port for guiding the fluid to the outside. A first circulation path in which at least two pipe heaters are disposed in the exterior body, the exterior bodies are disposed in multiples, and a fluid flows in or out between the pipe heaters of adjacent exterior bodies; A fluid heating apparatus comprising a second circulation path for circulating a fluid between pipe heaters in the outer package of the row, wherein the heat generating portion is made of a silver-transition metal resistor layer. It said flow passage is exhibiting a helical shape according to claim 1, 2 or 3 the fluid heating apparatus according. One end is an inflow port, the other end is closed, and a pipe material in which a flow hole is formed in the vicinity of the closed side, the pipe material is extrapolated to ensure a fluid flow path, and both ends are closed And a large-diameter pipe material in which a flow hole connected to the flow passage is formed, insulating glass laminated on the outer peripheral surface of each pipe material, a heat generating part, a protective glass layer, and an end of the heat generating part A multi-pipe heater consisting of terminals to be
An exterior in which a fluid flow path is secured on the outer periphery of the heat generating portion and the circulation hole of the large-diameter pipe material to cover the outer peripheral portion of the heat generating portion and the circulation hole, and a supply port for guiding the fluid outward is formed A fluid heating device comprising a body and the heat generating portion comprising a silver-transition metal resistor layer , wherein an epoxy resin layer and a fluororesin layer are further laminated on the protective glass layer .

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