JPH02126587A - Heater element and heater unit for fluid heating purpose and their manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the manufacture easier and to improve the safety and the thermal efficiency by winding a ceramics insulating wire in a close multilayer thin winding on a metallic hollow tube by using a winding machine. CONSTITUTION:A ceramics insulating wire is wound in a close multilayer thin winding on a metallic hollow tube 11 by using a winding machine to form a winding 12, and a heater element 10 is composed of the ceramics insulating wire winding 12 and the hollow tube 11. Since the ceramics insulating wire is wound on the metallic hollow tube 11 in a close multilayer thin winding, the heat generating area and the contact area with a cooling fluid can be made large. And when the temperature rises further, the current flowing to the ceramics insulating wire is reduced by the increase of the line resistance of the ceramics insulating wire, and the excessive rise of the temperature can be prevented. Consequently, the manufacture is made easier, and the thermal efficiency and the safety can be improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (1) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a heating element for heating a fluid, a heating element unit, and a manufacturing method thereof, and is particularly suitable for heating elements that avoid generating high-temperature fluids such as hot air and hot water. ing.

(2) Conventional technology When it comes to heaters used in home appliances, the typical example is the coiled nichrome wire used in electric stoves, etc. However, in the case of nichrome wire, its surface is not insulated. Because of this, I was unable to wrap it tightly.

Therefore, a heating element was proposed in which an electrical insulation layer was provided on the surface of an electrical resistance heating wire, and the heating element was tightly wound into a coil to increase the heat generating area.
This is already known as shown in Publication No. 40 and the like.

As shown in FIG. 17, this known heating element is made by creating an electric resistor by providing an electric coating layer 4 on a heating wire 3 formed into a coil, and then applying an electric current to the surface of a metal tube 1 on the central axis of the coil. A rod-shaped insulator with an insulating layer 2 formed thereon is inserted to serve as a heating element.

Methods of forming this electrical resistor into a coil shape and providing an electrically insulating layer on its surface include providing an electrically insulating layer of metal oxide on the surface of a heating wire, or melting an iron-chromium-aluminum electrical resistor. It is immersed in alkaline solution to form a film mainly composed of iron hydroxide on the surface, and then heated in a strongly oxidizing atmosphere to change the coating mainly composed of iron hydroxide to a coating mainly composed of aluminum oxide. The method is to form an iron-chromium-aluminum heating wire into a tightly wound coil, and after cleaning the surface, stretch the coil within the elastic limit, and roughen the surface with plasting while avoiding rotation of the coil. There is a method in which zirconia powder is thermally sprayed and coated by plasma spraying after plasting.

Ceramic insulated wires have recently been developed as wires with excellent high-temperature insulation, and are used as lead wires for high-temperature sensors as heat-resistant wires in high-temperature regions.

(3) Problems to be solved by the invention However, since conventional heating elements are made by forming a heating wire into a coil shape and then providing an electrically insulating layer on the surface, manufacturing is cumbersome and costly, making it unsuitable for mass production. In addition, although the insulation between the coils could withstand practical use, it could not be said to be sufficient.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, a separate electrical insulating layer 2 was required between the metal tube 1 and the heating wire provided with the insulating coating layer 4. In addition, if the heating wire 3 is wound in multiple layers so as to have a thickness in the radial direction, the heating wire windings in layers other than the outermost layer will not be sufficiently cooled, and as mentioned above, The first problem is that the electrical insulation layer may be destroyed and a short circuit may occur between the coils due to insufficient insulation.
As shown in Figure 7, the heating wire wound around the metal tube was wound in a single layer.

Furthermore, conventional heating elements such as nichrome wires or metal oxide coatings have the problem of becoming red hot when energized and burning when dust or the like adheres to them.

Further, in the conventional heating element shown in FIG. 17, no special consideration was given to protecting the heating element or cooling the heating element itself, and no special consideration was given to fluid heating.

Furthermore, recently developed ceramic insulated wires have been used as heat-resistant wires, but there has been no attempt to actively use them as heating elements.

The present invention (Yuko) discovered that an insulated wire with high heat generation can be obtained by changing the material and size of the conductor of a ceramic insulated wire, and using this ceramic insulated wire, it is easy to manufacture without the above problems. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating element and a heating element unit for heating a fluid that are compact, highly safe, and have good thermal efficiency.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a heating element and a heating element unit suitable for fluid heating that do not use ceramic insulated wires.

(4) Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the configuration shown below, and has the following effects corresponding to the configuration.

(1) The present invention has a construction of a heating element for heating a fluid, in which a ceramic insulated wire is wound in a thin, multi-layer tightly wound manner around a hollow metallic cylinder.

Therefore, since the present invention uses a ceramic insulated wire as the heating wire, the electrical insulation is much better than that of the conventional heating wire which is formed into a coil shape and then an electrical insulation layer is formed on the surface. Multi-layer thin winding is now possible. Although the calorific value per unit length of the ceramic insulated wire is considerably inferior to that of nichrome wire, by winding it in close-contact multi-layer thin layers, the calorific value can be increased to the extent that it can be used as a heating element. The body element has a hollow cylindrical shape, so it has a large surface area that comes in contact with the cooling fluid, and is cooled from the inside and outside of the cylinder.The winding is thin, so it has a good heat dissipation effect and effectively dissipates the heat generated inside the heating wire. Since it dissipates heat, it prevents wire breakage due to overheating.

In addition, since the surface of the heating element of the present invention is made of ceramic, the heating element does not become red hot when electricity is applied, so even if dust or the like adheres to the heating element, it will not emit a flame and start burning. can be prevented.

Further, since the number of layers of the ceramic insulated wire can be easily adjusted, the amount of heat generated can be easily adjusted.

In addition, in the past, the heating wire was formed into a coil shape and then an electrically insulating layer was provided on the surface, which was cumbersome and costly to manufacture, but the method of the present invention coils high-quality ceramic insulated wire that was produced at a large loss. Since it is simply wound around a hollow tube using a wire machine, manufacturing is simple, the cost is low, and the quality and safety are high.

Furthermore, since ceramic insulated wires have a characteristic that their wire resistance increases as the temperature rises, when the temperature of a heating element using the ceramic insulated wires increases, the current flowing through the ceramic insulated wires naturally decreases. Therefore, the heating element of the present invention is highly safe because it can prevent the temperature from rising excessively.

In addition, the hollow cylinder around which the ceramic insulated wire is wound is made of metal, so it is durable and has good heat transfer.If the shape of the hollow cylinder is changed, the shape of the winding wire wound around it also changes, so heating elements of various shapes can be used depending on the application. It's easy to make. In addition,
The effect of producing a heat generating element by thinly winding the ceramic insulated wire in multiple layers in close contact with each other is an effect common to all the heat generating elements using the ceramic insulated wire of the present invention.

(2) Furthermore, in the present invention, a heating element for heating a fluid in the shape of a hollow polygonal cylinder is produced by winding ceramic insulated wires in a thin, multi-layered manner around three or more support rods.

By increasing the number of support rods, it is possible to make quadrilateral, pentagonal, and hexagonal shapes.
It is possible to easily manufacture heating element elements in various hollow cylinder shapes such as rectangular shapes.

This heat generating element has a good cooling effect because the heat generating parts on the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the hollow cylinder can be brought into direct contact with the cooling fluid.

(2) Furthermore, in the present invention, a ceramic insulated electric wire is tightly wound in a thin multi-layered manner around a thin plate or two or more support rods to form a plate-shaped heating element for heating a fluid.

Since this heating element is plate-shaped, it is easy to manufacture, easy to use, and has good cooling and heat dissipation effects.

(2) Furthermore, the present invention covers the heating element elements of (1) to (3) above with an outer cylinder made of a material with good heat conductivity and whose inner surface has the same shape as that of the heating element,
The outer cylinder has a plurality of openings on the circumferential surface and a plurality of cut and raised parts adjacent to the openings and bent outward,
The cut and raised portion serves as a heating element for heating a fluid, which also functions as a heat sink, a rectifying plate, a support plate, and a spacer.

By covering the heating element with an outer cylinder, the ceramic insulated wire is protected and prevented from being damaged, and the ceramic insulated wire winding portion in the opening is cooled by direct contact with the cooling fluid.
The multiple cut and raised parts bent outward serve as heat sinks, increasing the contact area with the cooling fluid, rectifying the cooling fluid, supporting the heating element on the casing, etc., and adjusting the spacing of the fluid passages. It has multiple functions, such as acting as a spacer for removing.

(2) Furthermore, the heating elements of (1) to (3) above have a casing made of a material with good heat conductivity and having an inner surface having the same shape as the heating elements, and have a sealed structure.

Therefore, even if the ceramic insulated wire is used underwater, the ceramic insulated wire will not come into contact with the ceramic insulated wire, resulting in high safety.Also, since the heating element is protected by the casing, it is durable.

(2) A plurality of protrusions extending in the axial direction are formed on the outer periphery of the casing (2), and the protrusions serve as a heat sink, a rectifier plate, a support plate, and a spacer. Since the plurality of protrusions serve as a heat sink, a rectifying plate, a support plate, and a spacer, it is suitable for heating fluids, especially liquids.

(2) Furthermore, the present invention generates heat for fluid heating by winding a ceramic insulated wire tightly into a thin, multi-layered plate shape between two support plates that are attached with a small gap through a hollow cylindrical support member. It is considered as a body element.

Since the ceramic insulated wire is simply wound around a hollow cylinder between two supporting plates, it is easy to manufacture, and since it is a plate-shaped heating element, it is easy to use and has good cooling and heat dissipation effects.

Furthermore, both ends of the ceramic insulated wire winding are supported by the support plates, and the entire winding portion is protected by the support plates, resulting in a compact heating element that is hard to break.

(2) In (2) above, the support plate has a plurality of openings and a plurality of cut and raised parts adjacent to the openings and bent outward, and the cut and raised parts are connected to the heat sink, the rectifier plate, the support plate, and the spacer. It is also used as.

Since the support plate has multiple openings and cut-and-raised portions, the ceramic insulated wires in the openings come into direct contact with the cooling fluid and are cooled, and the cut-and-raised portions serve as heat sinks so that they do not come into contact with the cooling fluid. The area increases and the cooling effect is good.

Further, since the cut and raised portions serve as a rectifying plate, a support plate, and a spacer, materials are saved and the heating element is compact and suitable for fluid heating.

(2) A plurality of heating element elements as described in (1), (2), and (3) are provided at intervals in a hollow cylindrical casing with both ends open to form a heating element unit for heating a fluid.

This makes it possible to obtain a heating element unit suitable for fluid heating that is easy to handle, has a high cooling effect, can extract a large amount of heat to the outside, and is easy to manufacture.

[Phase], rii In the fluid heating heating element unit, a plurality of hollow cylindrical or hollow regular polygonal cylindrical heating element elements of different sizes are provided concentrically.

As a result, the fluid can be rectified and flowed almost evenly, so the fluid can be heated almost evenly, and it is easy to manufacture and handle.

(2) A plurality of the heating element elements of (1) to (4) above are provided at intervals in the casing to form a heating element unit, and between the intervals, a pipe through which cooling fluid flows is arranged, and a pipe through which cooling fluid flows is arranged, and no fluid flows in other than the pipes. The heating element unit is described as a fluid heating heating element unit in which the heating element unit is encapsulated.

This prevents direct contact between the ceramic insulated wire winding and the fluid, so that fluids such as water, which are undesirable to come into contact with the ceramic insulated wire, can be safely heated.

In addition, since a dedicated tube for cooling fluid to flow between the heating element elements is provided, there is a greater degree of freedom in determining the size and arrangement of the tubes, and the heating element unit for fluid heating has a closed structure and is simple in structure and easy to manufacture. can be provided.

@ A plurality of heating element elements of the above (■) are installed at intervals in a casing to form a heating element unit, and the casing has openings at both ends corresponding to the hollow tubes of the heating element elements, which also serve as support plates for the heating element elements. A lid is fitted and the heating element unit is encapsulated so that the cooling fluid does not flow outside the hollow cylinder, thereby making the heating element unit suitable for heating fluid.

Since this invention encapsulates the heating element unit,
Water, etc. can be safely heated.

In addition, the lid of the casing that houses the heating element is used as a support member for the heating element, and the hollow cylinder of the heating element is also used as a cooling fluid passage, which saves on materials and makes manufacturing easier. It's easy.

Note that since water has a large heat capacity, the heating element can be sufficiently cooled by cooling only from within the hollow station.

(1), Furthermore, the present invention involves winding an unfired ceramic insulated wire in a thin multi-layer tightly wound manner around a hollow cylinder, a thin plate, or two or more support plates, and then heat-treating the unfired ceramic insulated wire that has been subjected to vaginal winding. We manufacture heating element elements for heating fluids using ceramic insulated wires.

In addition, the first step is to wind an unfired ceramic insulated wire in a thin, multi-layer coil around a hollow metal tube, and heat-treat and fire the wound unfired ceramic insulated wire to produce a fired heating element. a second step of forming an element; a third step of marking a developed view of the outer cylinder on a flat metal plate and cutting a portion of the outer periphery of the developed view and a portion of the plurality of openings so as to have the shape of the developed view;
a fourth step of bending the cut opening portion outward to create a cut and raised portion; and a second step of folding the metal plate made in the fourth step
A fifth step of creating an outer cylinder by curving or bending it to fit the shape of the heating element produced in the process and then connecting its ends by welding or the like, and inserting the heating element produced in the second process into the outer cylinder. A heating element for heating a fluid is manufactured by the sixth step of attaching the heating element.

In addition, the first step is to create a hollow cylinder with a very short axial length, and the second step is to mark on a flat metal plate the shape of a support plate that has a plurality of openings and an opening in the center that has the same shape as the hollow cylinder. 2
a third step of cutting the entire opening in the center of the flat metal plate and a portion of the plurality of openings; and a fourth step of bending the partially cut opening portion outward to create a cut-raised portion. and a fifth step of inserting and fixing the support plate made in the fourth step into both ends of the hollow tube, and tightly wrapping an unfired ceramic insulated wire into a thin multilayered winding in the hollow tube made in the fifth step. A heating element for heating a fluid is manufactured through a sixth step of flatly winding the ceramic insulated wire and a seventh step of heat-treating and firing the ceramic insulated wire after the sixth step.

When a heating element is manufactured by these manufacturing methods, a heating element suitable for fluid heating can be easily manufactured at low cost.

(2) Furthermore, the present invention provides, in the fluid heating heating element of (1), (2), and (4), the ceramic insulated wire winding is replaced with a single-layer winding of electrical resistance heating wire having an electrically insulating layer formed on the surface; , In the fluid heating heating element units of ① to ＠ above, the ceramic insulated wire winding is replaced with a single-layer winding of electrical resistance heating wire having an electrically insulating layer formed on its surface.

Therefore, in this invention, except for the effect of thinly wound ceramic insulated wire in multiple layers, the above-mentioned ■, ■, ■ and ~@
This produces the effects shown in .

(5) Examples In order to explain the present invention in more detail, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a heating element according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a ceramic insulated wire is wound in a thin, multi-layered tight coil around a metal hollow cylinder 11 using a winding machine (not shown). The ceramic insulated wire winding portion I2 and the hollow cylinder 11 constitute a heating element 10.

A ceramic insulated wire is a conductor coated with a ceramic insulating layer, and by changing the material of the conductor, ceramic insulated wires with different heat generation characteristics can be obtained.

The structure of this ceramic insulated wire is shown in FIGS. 14 to 16.

The wire shown in Figure 14 is an unfired type ceramic insulated wire that has both the characteristics of a ceramic insulated wire with excellent high-temperature insulation and the characteristics of a synthetic enamelled wire with excellent winding properties. The surface of the unfired ceramic layer is further coated with a protective layer of resin.

When the wire is heat-treated at a high temperature after winding, the outermost protective layer decomposes and disappears, and the inner insulating layer becomes a complete ceramic insulator.

The wire shown in Figure 15 is an unfired type ceramic insulated wire with excellent flexibility in which the conductor is coated with an unfired ceramic layer. , the insulator becomes completely ceramic.

The wire shown in FIG. 16 is a ceramic insulated wire in which a conductor is coated with a ceramic insulating layer, and since it is a completely ceramic insulated wire that has been fired at a high temperature, no heat treatment is required when incorporating it into a device.

The conductor materials for these ceramic insulated wires include aluminum constantum, nickel plated copper, silver, nickel stainless clad copper, nickel stainless clad copper nichrome, gold/platinum/platinum rhodium, nickel, nickel plated copper There are copper, Inconel, alumel, chromel, nichrome, etc., and depending on the material of the conductor, it can be used in a temperature range of 400 to 800°C.

The above three types of ceramic insulated wires are shown below. These ceramic insulated wires have a characteristic that the wire resistance increases as the temperature rises.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical hollow cylinder is shown, but the hollow cylinder does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, and may have a polygonal or fan-shaped cross section. Since heating element elements of various shapes can be formed depending on the shape of this hollow cylinder, the shape of the heating element element can be selected depending on the application.

Further, winding the ceramic insulated wire in a close-contact multilayer means that the ceramic insulated wire is wound around a hollow tube in a coiled manner to the extent that the wires are in contact with each other, and the thickness of the winding wire is not very thick.

Since the heating element of the present invention has a ceramic insulated wire wrapped thinly in multiple layers around a hollow metal cylinder, it has a large heat generating area and a large contact area with the cooling fluid, and has a good heat dissipation effect. The current flowing through the ceramic insulated wire decreases due to the increased wire resistance of the ceramic insulated wire, which prevents the temperature of the heating element from rising excessively, resulting in high safety due to its good heat dissipation effect. .

In addition, since the surface of the heating element of the present invention is made of ceramic, the heating element does not become red hot even when electricity is applied, so even if dust or the like adheres to the heating element, it will emit a flame and burn out. Can you prevent something like this?

Furthermore, the heating element of the present invention is very easy to manufacture because it simply involves winding a ceramic insulated wire around a hollow cylinder using a winding machine, and the amount of heat generated can be easily adjusted by adjusting the tub in which it is wound.

Other embodiments of the heating element of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 2 to 9. The one shown in FIG. It constitutes a body element 10.

The ceramic insulated wire winding part I2 may be wound up to both ends of the support rod I3, but as shown in FIG. When installing, it can be used as a part.

Note that the three support rods 13 are mutually supported by a support member 14. Furthermore, by increasing the number of support rods 13, hollow heating element elements having various shapes such as quadrangular, pentagonal, and hexagonal cross sections can be easily manufactured.

In this embodiment, the heat generating portions of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the hollow cylindrical heat generating element can be brought into direct contact with the cooling fluid.

The one shown in FIG. 3 is a plate-shaped heating element 1 made by winding a ceramic insulated wire thinly in multiple layers around a rectangular thin plate 15.
It constitutes 0.

In this embodiment, a ceramic insulated wire is wound around a rectangular thin plate 15, but the thin plate I5 does not necessarily have to be 6 rectangular, and may be a thin plate curved in the axial direction or a ring-shaped thin plate. It's good.

Part B shown in FIG. 4 is a plate-shaped heating element 10 made by thinly winding ceramic insulated wires around two support rods 13.
It consists of

The one shown in FIG. 5 has a heating element made of a ceramic insulated wire 12 wound thinly in multiple layers around a metal hollow cylinder II.
The outer cylinder 16 is made of a material with good heat conductivity and has the same inner surface shape as the heating element. It has a plurality of cut and raised portions 18 which are bent into a shape, and the cut and raised portions 18 serve as a heat dissipation plate, a rectifying plate, a support plate, and a spacer, and are suitable for heating a fluid.

The opening portion 17 is provided by cutting out a part of the side wall of the outer cylinder, and the remaining three sides except one of the long sides of a rectangle having long sides along the axial direction of the outer cylinder are cut off. The rectangular part is bent outward along the uncut long side and cut up.

The cut and raised portion 18 is not symmetrical on the left and right,
If the cut-and-raised portion 18 on the left side is located on the lower side of the rectangular opening portion 17, the cut-and-raised portion 18 on the right side wall is provided on the upper side of the rectangular opening portion 17, and two heating elements of the same type are provided. When arranged side by side in the horizontal direction or height direction, the cut and raised portions 18 do not interfere with each other and function as spacers on their own.

The cooling fluid flows in the axial direction on the outside of the outer cylinder 16 and the inside of the hollow cylinder 11, and the cut and raised portion 18 functions as a heat dissipation plate and also as a rectifying plate to regulate the flow of the cooling fluid.

Further, when this heating element is housed in a casing (not shown), this cut-and-raised portion I8 can be used as a support plate and a spacer.

Note that support plates or lids (not shown) may be provided at both ends of the outer cylinder 16 and the hollow cylinder 11 to connect them and prevent them from being removed.

This heating element element protects the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 by being covered with the outer cylinder 16.
6 is provided with a plurality of openings 17, the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 is cooled while being in direct contact with the cooling fluid, and the cut and raised portion 18 serves as a heat sink, increasing the area of contact with the cooling fluid. There is no wastage of materials.

In the device shown in FIG. 6, a metal hollow cylinder 20 having an inner diameter approximately the same as the outer diameter of the heating element 10 is inserted into the heating element 10 of FIG. - It is a heating element having a closed structure closed with a hollow-shaped lid 21.

In this embodiment, the thin hollow cylinder 11 around which the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 is wound serves as the casing inner cylinder 11, and the hollow cylinder 20 inserted so as to be almost in contact with the outer periphery of the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 serves as the casing outer cylinder 20. The casing inner tube 11, the casing outer tube 20, and the lids 21 fitted on both ends constitute a casing 22 having a sealed structure that covers the heating element.

In other words, the lid body 21 is the casing inner cylinder 1! and is liquid-tightly coupled to the casing outer cylinder 20 by welding or the like. Also, lid body 2
1 is provided with a small hole 24 for passing a connection cord 23 to the power source of the ceramic insulated wire winding 12,
The hole 24 through which the connection cord is passed is sealed with suitable knoll means (not shown) to prevent liquid from entering the casing.

In this embodiment, the heating element has a sealed structure, so even if it is used in water, water or the like will not come into contact with the ceramic insulated wire. In addition, the heating element is protected by the casing to prevent damage, and since the hollow cylinder is effectively used as a part of the casing with a closed structure, it is easy to manufacture and saves on materials.

Note that in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the heating element shown in FIG. The heating element shown in FIG. 4 may be covered with a casing having the same shape. At that time, ceramic insulated wire winding part 1
2, it is easier to tilt the casing if the support rod 13 and the thin plate I5 are wound to both ends.

What is shown in FIG. 7 is a plurality of protrusions 18 extending in the axial direction on the casing 22 of the heating element element having a sealed structure as shown in FIG.
This is a heating element for fluid heating in which the projecting portion 18 is attached by welding or the like and serves as a heat sink, a rectifier plate, a support plate, and a spacer, and is particularly suitable for heating liquid.

The ceramic insulated wire winding 12 shown in FIG.
A plate-shaped heating element 10 is constructed by winding a flat sheet f2.

In this embodiment, a hollow cylindrical support member 25 is connected to a support plate 26.
It is attached by appropriate fixing means such as press fit, shrink fit, welding, etc. The support plate 26 may be provided with a plurality of fan-shaped openings (not shown) in a radial manner. By appropriately selecting the shape of the support member and the support plate, the shape of the heat generating element can be selected from among disc, triangular, and square plates.

In this example, a ceramic insulated wire is wound around a hollow cylindrical support member so that it is thin in the axial direction and extremely thick in the radial direction, and the overall shape is plate-shaped, making it easy to use and having good cooling and heat dissipation effects. .

Further, since both ends of the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 are supported by the support plate 26 and the entire winding portion is protected by the support plate 26, the heating element is compact and hard to break.

In addition, if the support plate 26 is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped openings, ceramic insulated wire windings can be used! 2 is directly tangential to the cooling fluid, the cooling and heat dissipation effects are further enhanced.

In the device shown in FIG. 9, a support plate 26 of the heating element 10 shown in FIG. The cut-and-raised portion 28 is a heating element for heating a fluid, which serves as a heat sink, a rectifying plate, a support plate, and a spacer.

The opening portion 27 is formed by cutting out a part of the support plate 26 into a rectangular shape, and is bent outward along one of the long sides of the rectangle to form a cut and raised portion 28, as in the case of FIG.

The positions of the cut and raised portions 28 are not symmetrical, and when two or more heating element elements 10 of the same type are arranged horizontally, the cut and raised portions 28 are installed so that they do not interfere with each other and function effectively as spacers. I have to.

What is shown in FIG. 1O is a fluid heating heating element unit 30 in which a plurality of heating element elements shown in FIG. 9 are installed at intervals in a hollow cylindrical casing 31 with both ends open.

A wedge may be inserted between the casing 31 and the support plate 26 or the cut-and-raised portion 28 to prevent the heating element 10 from coming out from both ends of the casing 31 or by welding. There are some means of stopping it.

Note that the cooling fluid for the heating element 10 flows in a direction perpendicular to the paper plane in FIG. 10.

In this embodiment, the cut-and-raised portion 28 of the support plate 26 in the heating element 10 serves as a heat sink, a rectifying plate, and a spacer, so that the heating element 0 can be easily attached to the casing 31, and it is easy to manufacture and handle. A fluid heating heating element unit 30 that is simple and has good heat exchange performance can be obtained.

In this example, the heating element unit is constructed using the heating element shown in FIG. 9, but it is not necessarily limited to this, and the heating element shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 is used. It is possible to construct a heating element unit using the elements.

However, when the heating element shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, 6, and 8 is used, there is no cut-and-raised part, so it is necessary to separately provide a spacer or a support member.

In addition, when a sealed structure is used as the heating element 10, the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 does not come into direct contact with the fluid, so fluids such as water, which are undesirable when in contact with the ceramic insulated wire winding, are heated. Suitable for heating unit.

What is shown in FIG. 11 is a hollow cylindrical casing in which a plurality of hollow cylindrical or hollow regular polygonal cylindrical heating elements 10 of different sizes of the type shown in FIG. 5 or 7 are housed with open ends. A heating element unit (30) for heating a fluid is attached concentrically to the inside (31).

Cut-and-raised portion 18 of the casing outer cylinder of the heating element 10
Since it serves as a heat sink, rectifier plate, support plate, and spacer, the heating element unit 3o can be easily assembled, and the cooling fluid can be rectified and flowed almost evenly, so the cooling fluid can be distributed almost evenly. It is heated, easy to manufacture and easy to handle.

In the device shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of plate-shaped heating element elements 10 as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 8 are installed in a casing 31 at intervals to form a heating element unit 30. A tube 32 having a rectangular cross section through which fluid for cooling the heating element flows is arranged between the tubes 32 and the heating element element, and a lid body 33 having openings corresponding to the tubes 32 at both ends of the casing 31. The end face of the casing 31, the end face of the pipe 32, and the lid 33 are liquid-tightly connected by welding or the like, and the heating element unit 30 is encapsulated so that fluid does not flow outside the pipe 32. It has become

In FIG. 12, the plate-shaped heating element arranged between the tubes 32 is hidden behind the lid 33 and cannot be seen.

Further, the power supply connection cord of the ceramic insulated wire winding is omitted from illustration.

Although FIG. 12 shows the case of a plate-shaped heating element, it is not necessarily limited to this, and other types of heating element may be used, and the hollow tube 11 is used as the heating element.
When using a type of lance that has this hollow cylinder I
An opening corresponding to I may be provided in the fluid 33 to encapsulate the fluid so that it flows not only through the tube 32 but also through the hollow cylinder 11.

Further, the tube 32 through which the fluid for cooling the heat generating element flows does not necessarily have to be a tube having a rectangular shape with five cross sections, and may be appropriately selected according to the shape of the heat generating element.

In this embodiment, the cooling fluid flows only through the tubes 32, so that the cooling fluid does not come into direct contact with the ceramic insulated wires. Therefore, it can be used to heat fluids (such as water) that are undesirable to come into contact with ceramic insulated wires.

In the system shown in FIG. 13, a heating element 10 in which a ceramic insulated wire is thinly wound around a hollow cylinder 11 is attached to a cylindrical casing 3.
1, a plurality of heating element units 30 are provided at intervals,
At both ends of the casing 31, a lid body 33 having an opening corresponding to the hollow tube is fitted, and the hollow tube is opened! This is a heating element unit for heating fluid, in which the heating element unit 30 is encapsulated so that no fluid flows except inside the heating element unit 1.

Both ends of the hollow cylinder 11 wrapped with ceramic insulated wire are fitted into the opening of the lid 33, and the heating element is supported by the lid 33 at a distance from the casing 3I. The surface caning 3I and the end of the hollow cylinder 11 and the lid 33 are liquid-tightly connected by welding or the like, and the fluid is
As shown by the arrow in FIG. 3, it flows only inside the hollow cylinder 11.

In this embodiment, since the cooling body A only flows inside the hollow cylinder 11, the cooling effect is inferior to that flowing inside and outside the heating element, but when water is used as the cooling fluid, the water Since the heat capacity is large, cooling only from the inside of the hollow cylinder 11 is sufficient.

In this embodiment, the hollow tube II carrying the ceramic insulated wire is also used as the tube 11 through which the cooling fluid flows, and the lid 33 is also used as the support for the heating element 10. It's easy and requires less material cost.

Next, the method for manufacturing the heating element of the present invention will be described.

The heating element shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is manufactured as follows.

An unfired ceramic insulated wire is wound around a hollow metal cylinder 11, a thin plate I5, or two or more support rods 13 in a thin, multi-layered manner using a winding machine. The reason for using unfired ceramic insulated wire is that it has better flexibility than either unfired ceramic insulated wire or fired ceramic insulated wire, and in particular, the type of ceramic insulated wire shown in Figure 14 is It is desirable to use a ceramic insulated wire of the type shown in FIG. 14 because it has excellent winding properties.

Next, when the wound unfired ceramic insulated wire is treated at high temperature in a furnace, the outermost protective layer resin (urethane, polyester, amide-imide, polyimide, etc.) decomposes and disappears, and the inner insulation layer is completely removed. A ceramic insulator is obtained, and the heating element shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is manufactured.

In addition to this, the heating element shown in FIG. 5 has a manufacturing process of an outer cylinder and a process of attaching the outer cylinder to the heating element.

Manufacture the outer cylinder as follows.

In other words, using the example shown in FIG. 5, the development view of the outer cylinder 16 shown in FIG. Opening part 3
The sides are cut, and then the cut open [-] portions are bent outward to form a plurality of opening portions 17 and a number of steps of cut and raised portions I8 adjacent to the opening portions 17.

Then, the metal plate produced in this step is bent along the developed view to match the shape of the heating element, and both ends are connected by welding or the like to form the outer cylinder 16.

The heat generating element 10 is inserted into the outer cylinder 16 thus formed, and a suitable means for preventing the heat generating element 10 from falling out is provided to prevent the heat generating element 10 from falling out.

As a means for preventing removal, a plurality of support plates or fluids that interconnect both ends of the outer cylinder 16 and the hollow cylinder II may be attached by welding or the like.

In this way, a heating element of the type shown in FIG. 5 is manufactured.

Note that the heat treatment of the unfired ceramic insulated wire may be performed in the final step after the outer cylinder is placed over the heating element.

The heating element shown in FIG. 9 is manufactured as follows.

First, a hollow cylinder 25 with a very short axial length is made,
Next, the shape of a supporting plate 26 which has a shape similar to the enlarged hollow cylinder 25 and has a plurality of openings 27 and an opening in the center having the same shape and shape as the hollow cylinder 25 is marked on a flat metal plate. .

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the hollow cylinder 25 and the support vi 26 are square, but they may have other shapes.

Next, the entire opening at the center of the flat metal plate and a portion of the plurality of openings 27 are cut, and the partially cut opening 27 is bent outward to cut and raise a portion adjacent to the opening 27. Make 28.

Note that the position of this cut and raised portion 28 is the same as that of the heating element 10.
Two types of support plates are made so that the support plate 26 on the right side and the support plate 26 on the left side are different.

Next, the two types of support plates 26 made in this step are inserted and fixed into both ends of the hollow tube 25, and an unfired ceramic insulated wire is tightly wound thereon in a thin, multi-layered manner.

However, the ceramic insulated wire is wound thinly in the axial direction and extremely thickly in the radial direction to form the plate-shaped heating element 10.

Thereafter, this green ceramic insulated wire is heat treated to produce a heating element of the type shown in FIG.

The technical idea regarding the fluid heating heating element and heating element unit of the present invention can be applied to conventional heating elements of the type that do not use ceramic/I-insulated wires.

In other words, Figures 5, 7, 9, and 10 to 1
In the heating element and heating element unit for heating fluid shown in Figure 3, even if the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 is replaced with a conventional single-layer winding of electrical resistance heating wire with an electrical insulating layer formed on the surface, There are still specific effects as a heating element and a heating element unit.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, in a 4° type heating element element, an outer cylinder 1 having an opening 1 of 15 minutes, 17 recesses, and a cut-and-raised portion 18 is shown.
6, that is, the protection of the heating element by the outer cylinder, and the cut-and-raised portion 18 serving as a heat sink, rectifier plate, support plate, and spacer. It still exists even if it is replaced by a single-layer winding of an electric resistance heating wire with an electrically insulating layer formed on the surface of the conventional one.

Furthermore, in the heating element unit as shown in FIGS. 1O and 13, the ceramic insulated wire winding 12 is replaced with a conventional single-layer winding of electrical resistance heating wire having an electrically insulating layer formed on its surface, as described above. There are, after all, the unique effects of such a heating element unit for heating fluids.

The present invention has been described above using several embodiments, but
The present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and design changes may be made in accordance with the technical idea of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 9 are diagrams showing embodiments of a heating element for heating a fluid according to the present invention, FIGS. 1O to 13 are diagrams showing an embodiment of a heating element unit for heating a fluid according to the present invention, and FIG. 16 to 16 are diagrams showing the structure of a ceramic insulated wire, and FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a conventional electrical resistance heating wire having an electrically insulating layer formed on its surface. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Metal tube, 2... Electrical insulating layer, 3... Heating wire, 4... Insulating coating layer, 10... Heating element, 11...
...Hollow tube, 12...Ceramic insulated wire winding, 13
...Support rod, 14...Support member, I5...Thin plate, 16...Outer cylinder, 17...Opening part, 18...
...Cut and raised part, 20...Casing outer cylinder,
21...Fluid, 22...Casing with sealed structure, 2
3... Connection cord to power supply, 24... Hole, 25...
-Hollow cylindrical support member, 26... support plate, 27...
Opening portion, 28...Cut and raised portion, 30...Heating element unit, 3I...Casing, 32...Pipe through which cooling fluid flows, 33...Lid body diagram diagram diagram diagram diagram

Claims (17)

[Claims] (1) A heating element for heating a fluid, in which a ceramic insulated wire is thinly wound in multiple layers around a hollow metal tube. (2) A heating element for heating a fluid, in which ceramic insulated wires are tightly wound in a thin multi-layered manner around three or more support rods. (3) A heating element for heating a fluid, in which a ceramic insulated wire is flatly wound in a thin, multi-layered manner around a thin plate or two or more support rods. (4) The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is covered with an outer cylinder made of a material with good heat conductivity and having an inner surface having the same shape as that of the heating element, and the outer cylinder has a periphery. A fluid having a plurality of openings on a surface and a plurality of cut and raised parts adjacent to the openings and bent outward, the cut and raised parts serving as a heat sink, a rectifier plate, a support plate and a spacer. Heating element for heating. (5) For fluid heating in which the heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is covered with a casing made of a material with good heat conductivity and whose inner surface has the same shape as that of the heating element to have a sealed structure. heating element. (6) The fluid according to claim 5, wherein the outer periphery of the casing has a plurality of protrusions extending in the axial direction, and the protrusions serve as a heat sink, a rectifier plate, a support plate, and a spacer. Heating element for heating. (7) A heating element for heating a fluid, in which a ceramic insulated wire is tightly wound in a thin, multi-layered manner into a flat plate between two support plates attached with a small gap through a hollow cylindrical support member. (8) The support plate has a plurality of openings and a plurality of cut-and-raised portions that are bent outward adjacent to the openings, and the cut-and-raised portions are connected to the heat dissipation plate, the rectifying plate, the support plate, and the spacer. A heating element for heating a fluid according to claim 7, which also serves as a heating element for heating a fluid. (9) A fluid heating heating element unit comprising a plurality of heating element elements according to claim 4, 6, or 8 provided at intervals in a hollow cylindrical casing with both ends open. . (10) A heating element unit for heating a fluid according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of heating element elements of different sizes in the shape of a hollow cylinder or a hollow regular polygonal cylinder are provided concentrically. (11) A plurality of heating element elements according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are provided in a casing at intervals to form a heating element unit, and a pipe through which cooling fluid flows between the intervals. A heating element unit for heating a fluid, wherein the heating element unit is encapsulated so that the fluid does not flow outside the pipe. (12) A plurality of heating element elements according to claim 1 are installed at intervals in a casing to form a heating element unit, and openings corresponding to the hollow cylinders of the heating element elements are provided at both ends of the casing. A heating element unit for heating a fluid, wherein a lid body that also serves as a support plate for a heating element element is fitted, and the heating element unit is encapsulated so that cooling fluid does not flow outside the hollow cylinder. (13) A ceramic in which an unfired ceramic insulated wire is tightly wound in a multilayer thin winding around a hollow cylinder, a thin plate, or two or more support plates, and then the wound unfired ceramic insulated wire is heat-treated and fired. A method of manufacturing a heating element for heating a fluid using an insulated wire. (14) The first step is to wind an unfired ceramic insulated wire in a thin, multi-layer coil around a hollow metal cylinder, and heat-treat and fire the wound unfired ceramic insulated wire to generate heat from the fired product. a second step of forming a body element; and a third step of marking a developed view of the outer cylinder on a flat metal plate and cutting a portion of the outer periphery of the developed view and a portion of the plurality of openings to have the shape of the developed view. , a fourth step of bending the cut opening portion outward to create a cut and raised portion, and curving or bending the metal plate made in the fourth step to match the shape of the heating element produced in the second step. manufacturing a heating element for heating a fluid, which consists of a fifth step of connecting both ends by welding or the like to form an outer cylinder; and a sixth step of inserting and attaching the heating element made in the second step to the outer cylinder. Method. (15), the first step to create a hollow cylinder with a very short axial length.
a second step of marking on a flat metal plate the shape of a support plate having a plurality of openings and an opening having the same shape as the hollow tube in the center; a third step of cutting a part of the opening portion of the hollow tube; a fourth step of bending the partially cut opening portion outward to create a cut and raised portion; and a supporting plate made in the fourth step of the hollow cylinder. A fifth step of inserting and fixing the wire into both ends, a sixth step of flatly winding the unfired ceramic insulated wire into a thin, multi-layered coil around the hollow tube formed in the fifth step, and a step of rolling the ceramic insulated wire after the sixth step. A method of manufacturing a heating element for heating a fluid, comprising a seventh step of heat-treating and firing. (16) In the heating element for heating a fluid according to claim 4, 6, or 8, a single layer of an electric resistance heating wire having a ceramic insulated wire winding and an electric insulation layer formed on the surface thereof. A heating element for fluid heating that replaces windings. (17) In the heating element unit for fluid heating according to any one of claims 9 to 12, a single layer of an electric resistance heating wire having a ceramic insulated wire winding and an electric insulation layer formed on the surface thereof. A heating element unit for fluid heating that replaces windings.