JP4031838B2 - Data transfer processing management device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a data transfer processing management device, and in particular, controls the timing of accumulating data in a buffer memory and transferring the data to a storage device such as a disk device or an output device such as a display device by a channel device. The present invention relates to a data transfer processing management apparatus in a computer to be executed.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, data processing in a computer system tends to perform simultaneously a large amount of continuous data processing called batch processing and discrete processing for processing data by interaction with a computer. In such a form of data transfer processing, the batch processing is required to reduce the overall processing time, and the interactive processing is required to reduce the response time.
[0003]
[Prior art]
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional data transfer processing management system. The conventional data transfer processing management system includes a buffer memory 100, a buffer memory management unit 210, a data transfer unit 410, and a storage unit or output unit 510.
[0004]
When the buffer memory management unit 210 outputs the data in the buffer memory 100 via the data transfer unit 410, the data transfer unit 410 waits for data transfer until the data transfer unit 410 becomes usable. When the data transfer unit 410 completes the current data transfer process and becomes ready for use, the buffer memory management unit 210 instructs the data transfer unit 410 to transfer data from the buffer memory 100, thereby Data transfer to the unit 510 becomes possible.
[0005]
FIG. 7 is a diagram specifically illustrating conventional data transfer. The system shown in the figure includes a shared buffer 120 that stores data before transfer, a shared buffer management unit 212 that manages data transfer of the shared buffer 120, a disk device 520 that stores transferred data, and a disk device 520. It is comprised by the channel apparatus 420 which controls the data transfer to.
[0006]
First, a data transfer request is sent from the shared buffer management unit 212 to the channel device 420. At this time, if the channel device 420 is in an unused state, the channel device 420 notifies the shared buffer management unit 212 of data transfer permission. As a result, the shared buffer management unit 212 instructs the shared buffer 120 to transfer a predetermined amount of data to the disk device 520. The shared buffer 120 transfers the data accumulated by the batch processing to the disk device 520 via the channel device 420.
[0007]
On the other hand, when the channel device 420 is in the use state, the channel device 420 waits without notifying the shared buffer management unit 212 of any instruction. When batch processing is performed, a series of batch processing data is held in the shared buffer 120, and the number of times of output to the disk device 520 is minimized, thereby reducing the processing time. It is.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above conventional method, data is held in the buffer memory until the channel device becomes usable, so that batch processing is efficient. However, in interactive information processing, the CPU is accessed. There is a problem that the response time from when the response is returned to when the response is returned becomes longer. Accordingly, while the CPU is accessing the CPU from the terminal device, the terminal cannot perform other processes such as input, and the processing efficiency decreases.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can control the timing of data transfer from a buffer memory and reduce the response time in discrete data processing (interactive processing). An object is to provide a management apparatus.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
FIG. 1 shows a principle configuration diagram of the present invention.
[0011]
A data transfer processing management apparatus according to the present invention is a data transfer management apparatus for a computer that holds data in a buffer memory (100) and transfers data to storage means or output means (500) by data transfer means (400). When the data transfer means (400) is in use, the switching time calculation means (200) for obtaining the time until switching to the unused state and the time obtained by the switching time calculation means (200) are a predetermined time. In the case where the length is shorter, the data transfer management unit transfers data from the buffer memory (100).
[0012]
[Action]
In the present invention, when data is transferred from a buffer memory to another storage device or an output device or the like, even if a device (channel device) for controlling data transfer is in use, the data transfer is completed. If the time (t1) is predicted and shorter than the preset time (t2) (t1 ≦ t2), data transfer from the buffer memory is performed.
[0013]
If the time until termination (t1) is longer than the preset time (t2) (t1> t2), data transfer from the buffer memory is not performed. However, in a state where the buffer memory overflows, it is possible to remove the restriction and perform data transfer.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of data transfer according to an embodiment of the present invention. The data transfer system shown in the figure includes an input / output device 540, a CPU 530, a shared buffer management unit 320, a channel monitoring unit 340, a channel device 420, a shared buffer 120, and a disk device 520.
[0016]
In the example shown in the figure, data is output from the shared buffer 120 to the disk device 520 by the channel device 420.
[0017]
The shared buffer management unit 320 includes information 322 on the amount of data to be output from the shared buffer 120 and limit value information 324 on the amount of data that can be stored in the shared buffer 120, manages the shared buffer 120, When the information 322 exists, the transfer request is notified to the channel monitoring unit 340 and the data amount limit value information 324 is also notified.
[0018]
The output data amount 322 of the shared buffer management unit 320 is in units of blocks (one block is 2048 bytes) which is a transfer unit to the hard disk device 520. The unit of the data amount is conveniently determined according to the specifications of the storage device or the output device, and is not limited to the block.
[0019]
The output data amount limit value 324 of the shared buffer management unit 320 is a value set in advance by the system, and is in blocks as in the output data amount 322. The output data amount 324 may be determined according to the size of the segmentation of the shared buffer 120 or the like.
[0020]
The channel monitoring unit 340 includes a channel monitoring process 350 and a channel management area 360.
[0021]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the channel management area 360 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The channel management area 360 includes a channel use state flag 362, a transfer data amount 364, a data transfer speed 366, a data transfer start time 368, a data transfer permission remaining time 370, and a current time 372 as configuration data.
[0022]
The channel use state flag 362 is 1-bit information for indicating whether the channel device 420 is transferring data or not transferring data, and is “1” during data transfer and “0” when data transfer is not in progress. ”. The value of the channel use state flag 362 is used to reduce the processing time by outputting data without calculating the remaining data transfer time when the channel device 420 is not transferring data. In the embodiment, 1-bit information is used, but it is only necessary to represent 1-bit information.
[0023]
The transfer data amount 364 is the amount of data being transferred by the channel device 420. In the embodiment, a block (2048 bytes) which is a unit of transfer to the hard disk device 520 is used as a unit. The unit of the data amount is conveniently determined according to the storage device / output device, and is not limited to the block.
[0024]
The data transfer speed 366 indicates the speed at which the channel device 420 transfers data. In the embodiment, it is expressed by the number of transfer blocks per 1 msec. The data transfer rate 366 can be determined according to the combination of the channel device 420 to be used and the storage device / output device.
[0025]
The data transfer start time 368 is the time when the channel device 420 starts transferring data that is currently being transferred.
[0026]
The data transfer permission remaining time 370 is a value set in advance by the system, and in the embodiment, msec is a unit. However, the data transfer permission remaining time 370 is not limited to the embodiment as long as the unit can express the time interval. The setting of the data transfer permission remaining time 370 is not limited to a method set in advance by the system, and may be set by a method such as a setting by the shared buffer management unit 320.
[0027]
In this embodiment, the current time 372 uses the system clock of the computer, but it is only necessary to know the passage of time.
[0028]
The channel monitoring process 350 of the channel monitoring unit 340 controls the channel device 420 based on the information in the channel management area 360 and the information from the shared buffer management unit 320.
[0029]
The channel monitoring process 350 performs processing such as monitoring of presence / absence of output data, monitoring of the usage state of the channel device 420, calculation of switching time, data transfer processing, data transfer completion processing, and the like. The channel monitoring process 350 is described in detail below.
[0030]
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a series of operations of the channel monitoring process 350 in one embodiment of the present invention. The same processing is performed when the shared buffer management unit 320 monitors the output data amount 322, and when the output data amount 322 is not 0, a data transfer request is made to the channel monitoring unit 340. explain.
[0031]
Step 10) The channel monitoring process 350 accepts a data transfer request from the shared buffer manager 320.
[0032]
Step 20) If the output data amount 322 exceeds the output data amount limit value 324, the process proceeds to Step 80.
[0033]
Step 30) The channel use state flag 362 in the channel management area 360 is monitored. When the use state flag 362 is “0”, the channel device 420 is not used, and the process proceeds to Step 60.
[0034]
Step 40) Since the channel device 420 is in use when the use state flag 362 is “1”, the switching time to the unused state is calculated.
[0035]
The remaining transfer time calculation in the switching time calculation is performed as follows.
[0036]
Remaining transfer time (T) = transfer data amount (D) / data transfer rate (R) − (current time (C) −data transfer start time (L))
In the above equation, T is the remaining transfer time, and the following items are data set in the channel management area 360, D is the transfer data amount 364, R is the data transfer rate 366, C is the current time 370, and , L represents the data transfer start time 372, respectively.
[0037]
The value (D / R) obtained by dividing the transfer data amount (D) 364 by the data transfer rate (R) 366 is the time required to transfer all the current data for which a transfer command has been issued to the channel device. Expressed in units.
[0038]
The time when the transfer command is issued to the channel device 420 is the data transfer start time (L) 368 and the elapsed time up to the current time (C) 370 is “CL”. Therefore, the remaining time obtained by subtracting the elapsed time (CL) from the time (D / R) for transferring all the data gives the remaining transfer time (T) required for the data transfer of the channel device 420. The remaining transfer time (T) is a predicted value of the remaining time because it is assumed that data transfer is performed at a constant data transfer speed 366 during the elapsed time.
[0039]
Step 50) If the remaining transfer time T, which is the result of calculating the switching time in Step 40, is compared with the predetermined data transfer permission remaining time P, and the remaining time is within the data transfer permission remaining time (T ≦ P), Step Proceed to 80. When the remaining time T exceeds the data transfer permission remaining time P (T> P), the series of operations is terminated without performing the data transfer process.
[0040]
Step 60) Since the channel device 420 is in an unused state based on the determination in Step 30, it is confirmed that the channel device 420 has become unused because the data transfer has been completed. If there is a notification of completion of data transfer from the channel device 420, the process proceeds to step 70. If there is no notification of completion of data transfer, the process proceeds to step 80.
[0041]
Step 70) Immediately after the completion of data transfer and immediately before a new data transfer command, the transfer data amount 364 is reset to “0”, and the process proceeds to Step 75.
[0042]
Step 75) Since it is immediately before the new data transfer command, the current time 372 is set to the data transfer start time 368.
[0043]
Step 80) Grant permission for data transfer to the shared buffer manager 320. The shared buffer manager 320 issues a data transfer command to the channel device 420. After the data transfer process, the process proceeds to step 90. If it is determined in step 20 that the output data amount 322 ≧ the output data amount limit value 324, the data transfer is forcibly executed, and the efficiency reduction due to the shortage of the area of the shared buffer 120 due to the excessive output data amount 322 is caused. It can be avoided.
[0044]
Step 90) The transfer data amount commanded by the shared buffer management unit 320 to the channel device 420 is added to the transfer data amount 364, and the series of operations is terminated.
[0045]
A series of operations is repeatedly executed while the shared buffer 120 and the channel device 420 are available.
[0046]
In the above embodiment, the channel monitoring unit 340 is activated in response to a data transfer request from the shared buffer management unit 320. However, as another embodiment, the channel monitoring unit 340 always operates and the channel device 420 is within a predetermined time. There is a form in which data transfer is requested to the shared buffer management unit 320 when it becomes unused.
[0047]
FIG. 5 shows a series of operations of a channel monitoring process 350 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this processing, the channel monitoring process 350 is always operated, and the channel device 420 is not used, or the channel device 420 is in use and the remaining time (T) is the data transfer permission remaining time (P). A case where a data transfer request is made to the shared buffer management unit 320 in the following cases (T ≦ P) will be described.
[0048]
Step 100) The channel monitoring process 350 monitors the channel use state flag 362 in the channel management area 360. When the channel use state flag 362 is “0”, the channel device 420 is not used, and the process proceeds to Step 106. To do.
[0049]
Step 102) When the use state flag 362 is “1”, since the channel device 420 is in the use state, the switching time to the unused state is calculated.
[0050]
The remaining transfer time calculation in the switching time calculation is performed in the same manner as step 40 in the above-described embodiment.
[0051]
Step 104) The remaining transfer time T, which is the switching time calculation result obtained in Step 102, is compared with a predetermined data transfer permission remaining time P. If the remaining time is within the data transfer permission remaining time (T ≦ P ), Go to step 112. When the remaining time T exceeds the data transfer permission remaining time P (T> P), the series of operations is terminated.
[0052]
Step 106) Since the channel device 420 is in an unused state based on the determination in Step 100, it is confirmed that the channel device 420 has become unused because data transfer from the shared buffer 120 has been completed. If there is a notification of completion of data transfer from the channel device 420, the process proceeds to step 108. If there is no notification of completion of data transfer, the process proceeds to step 112.
[0053]
Step 108) Immediately after the completion of data transfer and immediately before a new data transfer command, the transfer data amount 364 is reset to “0” and the process proceeds to Step 110.
[0054]
Step 110) Since it is just before the new data transfer command, the current time 372 is set to the data transfer start time 368.
[0055]
Step 112) The data transfer permission is given to the shared buffer manager 320. The shared buffer manager 320 issues a data transfer command to the channel device 420. The channel device 420 selects the disk device 520 to which data is transferred, and transfers data from the shared buffer 120.
[0056]
Step 114) The transfer data amount commanded to the channel device 420 by the shared buffer management unit 320 is added to the transfer data amount 364, and the series of operations is terminated.
[0057]
Also in the present embodiment, the series of operations is repeatedly executed while the shared buffer 120 and the channel device 420 are available.
[0058]
In the embodiment, the description has been made on the assumption that there is one job, but the present invention can be implemented with the same configuration as in the embodiment even when a plurality of jobs on a computer perform data transfer. .
[0059]
Finally, in one embodiment of the present invention, a utilization method for reducing response time in interactive information processing will be described.
[0060]
If the data transfer permission remaining time 370 is set to a small value, the delay of the CPU response time caused by the data transfer waiting time can be kept within the data transfer permission remaining time 370. Therefore, by setting the data transfer permission remaining time 370 to be equal to or shorter than the response time required for interactive information processing, interactive information processing with good responsiveness can be realized.
[0061]
In addition to the response time reduction in interactive information processing, the following effects can be obtained.
[0062]
First, when the data transfer permission remaining time 370 is set to a large value, the data transfer amount per data transfer increases and the number of data transfers decreases. Therefore, data transfer suitable for batch processing can be realized.
[0063]
Next, in the data processing in which the interactive data processing and the batch processing are performed simultaneously, the data transfer permission remaining time (T1) suitable for the interactive data processing and the data transfer permission remaining time (T2) suitable for the batch processing are set to the interactive data. A value obtained by performing a weighted average (T1 × O1 + T2 × O2) based on the processing occupancy rate (O1) and the batch processing occupancy rate (O2) is set as the data transfer permission remaining time 370, so that interactive data processing and batch A data transfer process that smoothly processes both of the processes can be realized.
[0064]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the data transfer timing can be controlled in the data transfer of the buffer memory of the computer. As a result, the following effects can be obtained.
[0065]
By increasing the frequency of data transfer, the response time required for interactive data processing can be reduced.
[0066]
Further, if the frequency of data transfer is reduced and the data transfer amount per time is increased, data transfer suitable for batch processing can be realized.
[0067]
Furthermore, in data processing in which interactive data processing and batch processing are performed simultaneously, both interactive data processing and batch processing are smoothly processed by adjusting an appropriate data transfer timing according to the specific gravity of both processing. Data transfer can be realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a principle configuration diagram of a data transfer processing management apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a channel management area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an operation (part 1) of a channel monitoring process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation (part 2) of the channel monitoring process according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional data transfer system.
FIG. 7 is a diagram specifically illustrating a conventional data transfer system.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 buffer memory 120 shared buffer 200 switching time calculation unit 210 buffer memory management unit 212 shared buffer management unit 300 data transfer management unit 320 shared buffer management unit 322 output data amount 324 output data amount limit value 340 channel monitoring unit 350 channel monitoring process 360 Channel management area 362 Channel use state flag 364 Transfer data volume 366 Data transfer speed 368 Data transfer start time 370 Data transfer permission remaining time 372 Current time 400 Data transfer unit 410 Data transfer unit 420 Channel device 500 Storage unit / output unit 510 Storage unit Output unit 520 Disk device 530 CPU
540 I / O device

Claims (1)

In a data transfer processing management device of a computer that holds data in a buffer memory and transfers the data to a storage means or an output means by a data transfer means,
When the data transfer means is in the process of transferring data, the switching time calculating means for predicting the time until the data transfer process is completed and becomes usable , and
If the time until the usable state determined by the switching time calculating means is shorter than a predetermined time set in advance, the data held in the buffer memory the data transfer means for transferring A data transfer management means for issuing a data transfer command of
A data transfer processing management device comprising:

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