JP4030024B2 - Device that generates tension load on wire rope - Google Patents

Device that generates tension load on wire rope Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4030024B2
JP4030024B2 JP06078196A JP6078196A JP4030024B2 JP 4030024 B2 JP4030024 B2 JP 4030024B2 JP 06078196 A JP06078196 A JP 06078196A JP 6078196 A JP6078196 A JP 6078196A JP 4030024 B2 JP4030024 B2 JP 4030024B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
wire rope
winch
drum
inner cylinder
outer cylinder
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP06078196A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH09255287A (en
Inventor
誠治 木村
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大東重機工事株式会社
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Priority to JP06078196A priority Critical patent/JP4030024B2/en
Priority to DE1996136726 priority patent/DE19636726C2/en
Priority to GB9618866A priority patent/GB2311269A/en
Priority to FR9612503A priority patent/FR2746085A1/en
Publication of JPH09255287A publication Critical patent/JPH09255287A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/10Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by devices acting on running material and not associated with supply or take-up devices
    • B65H59/16Braked elements rotated by material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28Other constructional details
    • B66D1/36Guiding, or otherwise ensuring winding in an orderly manner, of ropes, cables, or chains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/60Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans adapted for special purposes
    • B66D1/74Capstans
    • B66D1/76Capstans having auxiliary drums or barrels for storing the ropes or cables

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Storage Of Web-Like Or Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、クレーンのウインチ等の装置に巻き取る新しいワイヤーロープに張力負荷を与える装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
クレーンのウインチ等に新しいワイヤーロープを巻き取ったり巻き替えるに際し、新しいワイヤーロープは木製等のドラムに巻かれており、そのワイヤーロープの端部をクレーンのウインチにセットしてウインチの回転力によって巻き取るものであるが、その巻き取りの際に、ワイヤーロープに張力負荷をかけ、巻き取らせるウインチ地巻き部分の巻きをウインチドラムに密着させるために新しいワイヤーロープの初期の伸びを取りながら巻き取ることが重要である。それによってクレーン作業時のワイヤーロープの割り込み等のワイヤートラブルを未然に防ぐことができる。そのためにワイヤーロープに張力負荷を与え、そのワイヤーロープをクレーンのウインチに順序よくきっちりと詰めた状態で硬く巻き取ることが要求される。
【0003】
そのためには例えば、直径30mmのような太い径のワイヤーロープではその張力負荷は10t以上が要求される。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような従来技術によると、引き出されるワイヤーロープの大きな負荷がかかるために、大きな制動力で木製のドラムの回転を制御するものであるが、その張力負荷により、木製等のドラムに数段の重層状態に巻いてあるワイヤーロープの下の層に上の層の引き出されるワイヤーロープが割り込んで乱巻き状態となってしまい、ワイヤーロープに傷を付ける問題が生じ、ひどい場合にはその割り込みが強固で巻き出し不能の固着状態となる問題がある。
【0005】
また、大きな制動力で木製のドラムを制動し、しかも大きな張力負荷で引張するために木製等のドラムが破壊してしまうこともあり、これによって巻き出し不能となる問題もある。
さらに、ウインチに十分な引張力で巻き取ることができないために、ウインチにしっかりと硬く巻き取れずにずるずるの状態になってしまう問題がある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで本発明は、内側面に螺旋羽根を複数回設けて螺旋溝を形成すると共にワイヤーロープの供給口と排出口を設けた外筒に内筒を嵌め、この内筒の少なくとも一側にブレーキディスクやブレーキシュー等の被制体を設け、内筒の回転軸を軸受け台に回転可能に支持すると共に前記被制を介して制動装置により制動可能とし、外筒を装置本体に固定したことを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態例を図面を用いて説明する。
図1は全体説明図、図2は要部断面図、図3は要部解体斜視図、図4は外筒の断面説明図であり、図において、1は木製等のドラムであり、回転テーブル2に回動可能にセットしてある。この回転テーブル2は図示しない回転制御装置によって回転制御される。
【0008】
3はこの木製等のドラム1に巻かれているワイヤーロープである。
5は制御ドラムであり、以下に説明する如く、内筒6と外筒7によって構成されている。
内筒6は、両側が閉じた筒体であり、その軸方向の中心に回転軸8があり、一側に係止用のフランジ9が形成されており、さらに両側もしくは一側にブレーキディスクもしくはブレーキシュー等の被制動体10が設けてある。
【0009】
外筒7は、上記内筒6を嵌めて覆う径を有し、内側面に螺旋羽根11を複数回設けて螺旋溝12を形成し、筒本体にワイヤーロープ3を螺旋溝12に導く供給口13と排出口14が形成されている。
上記内筒6をこのようにした外筒7に嵌め、内筒6の端部に係止フランジ15を取り付けてこの係止フランジ15とフランジ9との間で外筒7が外れないように位置させる。
【0010】
なお、この内筒6外周面と外筒7の螺旋羽根11との隙間はワイヤーロープ3が通ることがない間隙としておく。
このような状態にして内筒6と外筒7とを組み合わせ、内筒6の回転軸8を軸受け台16に支持させて回動可能にし、図示しない制動装置を被制動体10に接続し、外筒7は係止部17によって装置本体に固定状態とする。
【0011】
このようにして組み立てられた制御ドラム5は、木製等のドラム1からワイヤガイド18によって案内されたワイヤーロープ3をその供給口13から挿入し、内筒6外周面に外筒7の螺旋溝12に沿って巻き付けて排出口14から出し、その先端を図示しないクレーンのウインチにセットする。
このようにセットされたワイヤーロープ3をクレーンのウインチに巻き取るものであるが、その際に、木製等のドラム1を制動させると共に制御ドラム5の内筒6を被制動体10を介して制動させ、しかも木製等のドラム1からのワイヤーロープ3にかかる引張力Aの方が制御ドラム5からのワイヤーロープ3にかかる引張力Bより小さく、ウインチの引張力を制御ドラム5が受けてウインチの引張力が木製等のドラム1に直接伝わらないようにしてある。
【0012】
これは、制御ドラム5の内筒6に適正な制動を与えることにより、ウインチの引張力に対して、内筒6に数回巻き付けられたワイヤーロープ3は、その内筒6外周面との接触摩擦により一次の張力が発生する。
さらに、そのワイヤーロープ3は、外筒7の螺旋溝12のねじの原理によって内筒6の回転に従って順次円滑に送られて行くが、その際に、固定されている螺旋羽根11との接触摩擦によって二次の張力が発生する。
【0013】
この一次および二次の接触摩擦によってウインチの引張力に対して大きな張力となってウインチに順序よくきっちりと密着した状態で硬く巻き取らせることができることになる。しかも、このウインチの引張力は制御ドラム5によって木製等のドラム1に伝わらないためにワイヤーロープ3を木製等のドラム1の重層に巻いてある下の層に割り込ませることがない。
【0014】
したがって、制御ドラム5によるワイヤーロープ3の制動作用は、制御ドラム5の内筒6の制動能力は無論のこと制御ドラム5の内筒6の巻回数および外筒7の螺旋羽根11に接触する長さが制動作用の大きな要因となる。
なお、必要に応じて、ワイヤーロープ3を内筒6に直ちに密着させるために、図1および図5に示す如く、外筒7の供給口13の螺旋溝12の途中にワイヤー押さえローラ19を設けることにより、押さえローラ19はワイヤーロープ3を内筒6外周面に密着させるもので、木製等のドラム1からの供給速度に変化があってもこの押さえローラ19によって一定に保った状態で内筒6外周面に密着させることができる。
【0015】
この押さえローラ19の設置は、例えば図5に示す如く、外筒7に開口20を設けてその開口20から押さえローラ19の一部を螺旋溝12内に突出させる構造で、押さえローラ19を取り付けた支持材21の一端を外筒7に回動可能に取り付け、他端を外筒7に係止具22によって係止可能にし、この係止具22によって支持材21の端部を押圧して押さえローラ19の押圧力を調整できるようにしておくとよい。
【0016】
以上説明した制御ドラム5の内筒6および外筒7は両端まで同一寸法の筒体であるが、必ずしもこのような筒体である必要はなく、例えば図6に示す外筒の如く、円錐台形でもよく内筒はそれに合わせた形状にすればよく、さらには、図7に示す外筒の如く、すぼまった円錐台形のようなものでもよくその内筒もそれに合わせた形状にすればよい。
【0017】
また、上記の説明では外筒は一体の筒体として説明したが、軸方向に2分割した分割構造(図4のような分割したものを組み合わせる構造。)でもよく、分割した場合には、両端部は強固に係止されるが、その係止状態は例えば、その一側の連結部はヒンジで回動可能に連結し、他側は互いに係止連結する構造や両連結部共に係止連結する構造としておけばよい。このように分割構造にすると、外筒を開放した状態が得られるためにワイヤーロープの制御ドラム5への装着が容易になり、また、中央がすぼまった鼓状のような形状の内筒でも外筒を装着することができることになる。
【0018】
なお、以上の各説明はクレーンのウインチにワイヤーロープを巻き取る場合で説明を行ったが、必ずしもクレーンのウインチに限るものではなく、ワイヤーロープを巻いてあるドラムから巻き戻して他のウインチに巻き取る場合のどのような場合においても上記同様に有効なものである。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明した本発明によると、内側面に螺旋溝を形成すると共にワイヤーロープの供給口と排出口を設けた外筒に内筒を嵌め、この内筒を回動可能に支持すると共に制動手段に連結し、外筒を装置本体に固定したことにより、供給口より供給されて内筒に巻かれたワイヤーロープは、回転が制御されている内筒の外周面との接触摩擦と螺旋溝との接触摩擦の両方の接触摩擦によって大きな引張力を得ることができ、これによってワイヤーロープの初期の伸びを取り去って順序よくきっちりと詰めた状態で硬くウインチに巻き取ることができる効果を有する。
【0020】
このようにウインチに硬く巻き取ることができることにより、ウインチから繰り出されたワイヤーロープに大きな張力が作用してもウインチに重層されている層の中にワイヤーロープが割り込むことがないという効果となる。
また、巻き取り側の引張力はワイヤーロープが巻いてある木製等のドラムには伝わらないために、ワイヤーロープが重層状態に巻かれているワイヤーロープ間に割り込んで乱巻き状態になったり、固着状態となってしまうことがなくなる効果を有する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】形態例を示す全体説明図
【図2】要部断面図
【図3】要部解体斜視図
【図4】外筒の断面説明図
【図5】ワイヤー押さえローラと取り付けた状態の説明図
【図6】外筒を円錐台形にした場合の断面説明図
【図7】外筒をすぼまった円錐台形にした場合の断面説明図
【符号の説明】
1 木製等のドラム
2 回転テーブル
3 ワイヤーロープ
5 制御ドラム
6 内筒
7 外筒
10 被制動体
11 螺旋羽根
12 螺旋溝
13 供給口
14 排出口
19 押さえローラ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for applying tension load to the new wire rope wound into device winches etc. crane.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When winding or rewinding a new wire rope on a crane winch, etc., the new wire rope is wound around a wooden drum, and the end of the wire rope is set on the crane winch and wound by the rotational force of the winch. When winding, apply tension load to the wire rope and wind it while taking up the initial elongation of the new wire rope so that the winding of the winch ground winding part to be wound closely adheres to the winch drum This is very important. As a result, wire troubles such as interruption of the wire rope during crane work can be prevented in advance. For this purpose, it is required to apply a tension load to the wire rope, and to wind the wire rope tightly in a state where it is tightly packed in the crane winch.
[0003]
For that purpose, for example, a thick wire rope having a diameter of 30 mm requires a tension load of 10 t or more.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to such a conventional technique, since a large load is applied to the drawn wire rope, the rotation of the wooden drum is controlled with a large braking force. The wire rope that is pulled out by the upper layer of the wire rope that is wound in a multi-layered state interrupts the wire rope, causing a problem of damaging the wire rope. In severe cases, the interruption is strong. There is a problem that it becomes a fixed state that cannot be unwound.
[0005]
In addition, the wooden drum is braked with a large braking force and pulled with a large tension load, so that the wooden drum or the like may be broken, which makes it impossible to unwind.
Further, since the winch cannot be wound with a sufficient tensile force, there is a problem that the winch is not firmly wound on the winch and is in a state of slipping.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, the present invention provides an inner cylinder fitted to an outer cylinder in which spiral blades are provided a plurality of times on the inner surface to form a spiral groove and a wire rope supply port and discharge port are provided, and a brake disk is provided on at least one side of the inner cylinder. and the object braking body such as brake shoes provided to allow braked by the braking device via the object braking body while rotatably supporting the rotary shaft of the inner cylinder in the cradle axis, the outer cylinder to the apparatus main body It is characterized by being fixed.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 is a general explanatory view, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part disassembly, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an outer cylinder, and in the figure, 1 is a drum made of wood or the like. 2 is set to be rotatable. The rotation table 2 is rotationally controlled by a rotation control device (not shown).
[0008]
3 is a wire rope wound around the drum 1 of the wood and the like.
A control drum 5 includes an inner cylinder 6 and an outer cylinder 7 as described below.
The inner cylinder 6 is a cylinder closed on both sides, and has a rotating shaft 8 at the center in the axial direction. A locking flange 9 is formed on one side, and a brake disc or A braked body 10 such as a brake shoe is provided.
[0009]
The outer cylinder 7 has a diameter to which the inner cylinder 6 is fitted and covered, a spiral blade 11 is provided a plurality of times on the inner surface to form a spiral groove 12, and a supply port for guiding the wire rope 3 to the spiral groove 12 in the cylinder body 13 and a discharge port 14 are formed.
The inner cylinder 6 is fitted to the outer cylinder 7 as described above, and a locking flange 15 is attached to the end of the inner cylinder 6 so that the outer cylinder 7 does not come off between the locking flange 15 and the flange 9. Let
[0010]
The gap between the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 6 and the spiral blade 11 of the outer cylinder 7 is set so that the wire rope 3 does not pass through.
In such a state, the inner cylinder 6 and the outer cylinder 7 are combined, the rotating shaft 8 of the inner cylinder 6 is supported by the bearing base 16 to be rotatable, a braking device (not shown) is connected to the braked body 10, The outer cylinder 7 is fixed to the apparatus main body by the locking portion 17.
[0011]
In the control drum 5 assembled in this way, the wire rope 3 guided by the wire guide 18 from the wooden drum 1 is inserted through the supply port 13, and the spiral groove 12 of the outer cylinder 7 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 6. And the tip is set on a winch of a crane (not shown).
The wire rope 3 set in this way is wound around the winch of the crane. At that time, the drum 1 made of wood or the like is braked and the inner cylinder 6 of the control drum 5 is braked via the braked body 10. Moreover, the tensile force A applied to the wire rope 3 from the wooden drum 1 is smaller than the tensile force B applied to the wire rope 3 from the control drum 5, and the control drum 5 receives the tensile force of the winch and the winch The tensile force is not transmitted directly to the wooden drum 1 or the like.
[0012]
This is because, by applying appropriate braking to the inner cylinder 6 of the control drum 5, the wire rope 3 wound around the inner cylinder 6 several times in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 6 against the tensile force of the winch. Primary tension is generated by friction.
Further, the wire rope 3 is smoothly fed sequentially according to the rotation of the inner cylinder 6 according to the screw principle of the spiral groove 12 of the outer cylinder 7, but at that time, the contact friction with the fixed spiral blade 11 Due to this, secondary tension is generated.
[0013]
Due to the primary and secondary contact friction, the tension becomes large with respect to the tensile force of the winch, so that the winch can be wound tightly in order in close contact with the winch. Moreover, since the tensile force of the winch is not transmitted to the wooden drum 1 by the control drum 5, the wire rope 3 is not interrupted by the lower layer wound around the multilayer of the wooden drum 1.
[0014]
Therefore, the braking action of the wire rope 3 by the control drum 5 is not limited to the braking ability of the inner cylinder 6 of the control drum 5, and the length of contact with the number of turns of the inner cylinder 6 of the control drum 5 and the spiral blade 11 of the outer cylinder 7 is long. Sag is a major factor in braking action.
If necessary, a wire pressing roller 19 is provided in the middle of the spiral groove 12 of the supply port 13 of the outer cylinder 7 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 in order to immediately attach the wire rope 3 to the inner cylinder 6. Thus, the pressing roller 19 is used to bring the wire rope 3 into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 6, and even if there is a change in the supply speed from the drum 1 made of wood or the like, the inner cylinder is kept constant by the pressing roller 19. 6 It can be made to stick to the outer peripheral surface.
[0015]
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressing roller 19 is provided with an opening 20 in the outer cylinder 7 so that a part of the pressing roller 19 protrudes into the spiral groove 12 from the opening 20. One end of the support member 21 is pivotally attached to the outer cylinder 7, and the other end can be locked to the outer cylinder 7 by a locking tool 22, and the end of the supporting material 21 is pressed by the locking tool 22. It is preferable that the pressing force of the pressing roller 19 can be adjusted.
[0016]
The inner cylinder 6 and the outer cylinder 7 of the control drum 5 described above are cylinders having the same dimensions up to both ends. However, it is not always necessary to have such cylinders. For example, like the outer cylinder shown in FIG. However, the inner cylinder only needs to have a shape corresponding to that, and furthermore, it may be a truncated cone shape like the outer cylinder shown in FIG. .
[0017]
In the above description, the outer cylinder is described as an integral cylinder, but it may be divided into two parts in the axial direction (a structure in which the divided parts are combined as shown in FIG. 4). The part is firmly locked, but the locked state is, for example, the connecting part on one side is pivotably connected by a hinge, and the other side is locked and connected to each other, and both connecting parts are locked and connected. As a structure to do. With such a split structure, since the outer cylinder is opened, it is easy to attach the wire rope to the control drum 5, and the inner cylinder is shaped like a drum with a narrowed center. However, an outer cylinder can be attached.
[0018]
Each of the above explanations is based on the case where the wire rope is wound around the winch of the crane. However, the description is not necessarily limited to the winch of the crane, and the wire rope is unwound from the drum around which it is wound and wound around another winch. In any case, it is effective as described above.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described in detail above, a spiral groove is formed on the inner surface, and the inner cylinder is fitted to an outer cylinder provided with a supply port and a discharge port for the wire rope, and the inner cylinder is rotatably supported and braked. By connecting to the device and fixing the outer cylinder to the apparatus main body, the wire rope supplied from the supply port and wound around the inner cylinder has contact friction with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder whose rotation is controlled and the spiral groove. A large tensile force can be obtained by the contact friction of both the contact friction with the wire, and this has the effect of removing the initial elongation of the wire rope and winding it tightly in a tightly packed state on the winch.
[0020]
By being able to be wound tightly around the winch in this way, even if a large tension is applied to the wire rope fed out from the winch, the wire rope does not break into the layer stacked on the winch.
In addition, since the pulling force on the winding side is not transmitted to the wooden drum around which the wire rope is wound, the wire rope is interrupted between the wire ropes wound in a multi-layered state, resulting in a turbulent winding state or fixing. This has the effect of eliminating the state.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a general explanatory view showing an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part disassembly. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an outer cylinder. Explanatory drawing [FIG. 6] Cross-sectional explanatory drawing when the outer cylinder is a truncated cone [FIG. 7] Cross-sectional explanatory drawing when the outer cylinder is a conical truncated cone [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drums, such as wooden 2 Rotary table 3 Wire rope 5 Control drum 6 Inner cylinder 7 Outer cylinder 10 Brake object 11 Spiral blade 12 Spiral groove 13 Supply port 14 Discharge port 19 Pressing roller

Claims (1)

木製等のドラムに巻かれているワイヤーロープをクレーンのウインチにセットするに際して前記ドラムから繰出されるワイヤーロープにかかる引張力をウインチに巻き取られる引張力より小さくするためにドラムとウインチとの間に設置する制御ドラムを構成するワイヤーロープに張力負荷を発生させる装置において、
内側面に螺旋羽根を複数回設けて螺旋溝を形成すると共にワイヤーロープの供給口と排出口を設けた外筒に内筒を嵌め、この内筒の少なくとも一側にブレーキディスクやブレーキシュー等の被制体を設け、内筒の回転軸を軸受け台に回転可能に支持すると共に前記被制を介して制動装置により制動可能とし、外筒を装置本体に固定したことを特徴とするワイヤーロープに引張負荷を発生させる装置。
When setting a wire rope wound on a wooden drum or the like on a winch of a crane, in order to make the tensile force applied to the wire rope fed from the drum smaller than the tensile force wound on the winch, the space between the drum and the winch In the device for generating a tension load on the wire rope that constitutes the control drum installed in
A spiral blade is formed on the inner surface a plurality of times to form a spiral groove, and an inner cylinder is fitted to an outer cylinder provided with a wire rope supply port and a discharge port, and a brake disk, a brake shoe, etc. are provided on at least one side of the inner cylinder . the object braking body provided, wherein to allow braked by the braking device via the object braking body while rotatably supporting the rotary shaft of the inner cylinder in the cradle axis, fixing the outer cylinder to the apparatus main body A device that generates a tensile load on the wire rope.
JP06078196A 1996-03-18 1996-03-18 Device that generates tension load on wire rope Expired - Fee Related JP4030024B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP06078196A JP4030024B2 (en) 1996-03-18 1996-03-18 Device that generates tension load on wire rope
DE1996136726 DE19636726C2 (en) 1996-03-18 1996-09-10 Device for applying a tension load to a wire rope
GB9618866A GB2311269A (en) 1996-03-18 1996-09-10 A device for applying tension load to a wire-rope
FR9612503A FR2746085A1 (en) 1996-03-18 1996-10-14 DEVICE FOR APPLYING A VOLTAGE LOAD TO A METAL CABLE

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP06078196A JP4030024B2 (en) 1996-03-18 1996-03-18 Device that generates tension load on wire rope

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JPH09255287A JPH09255287A (en) 1997-09-30
JP4030024B2 true JP4030024B2 (en) 2008-01-09

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DE (1) DE19636726C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2746085A1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19636726A1 (en) 1997-09-25
DE19636726C2 (en) 1998-08-06
JPH09255287A (en) 1997-09-30
FR2746085A1 (en) 1997-09-19
GB2311269A (en) 1997-09-24
GB9618866D0 (en) 1996-10-23

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