JP4029905B2 - Infant tree protector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an infant tree protector used for protecting an infant tree from feeding damage by wild animals such as deer, monkeys, rabbits, and mice, and an installation method thereof.

  In recent years, in Japan, wild animals such as deer and monkeys have caused a lot of damage to young planted trees (seedlings), and the damage is getting worse year by year. For this reason, forestry officials have taken measures such as installing protective fences in the afforestation area and applying repellents to them, but have not yet reliably prevented food damage.

Therefore, it has been proposed to protect each young tree by covering it with a plastic tube one by one. For example, a so-called “hexatube” disclosed in Patent Document 1 is widely available. . As shown in FIG. 7, the tube 1 is made of a semi-transparent polypropylene resin cylinder having a regular hexagonal shape in cross-section, and has recessed portions 2 formed at respective corners so that the whole can be folded flat. It has become. Therefore, after carrying into the forest in a flatly folded state, as shown in FIG. 8, it can be covered with the target young tree 3 from above to prevent food damage caused by the deer 4 and the like.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-220032

  However, even if the tube 1 is folded flat, it becomes bulky as a plate-like body having a length of about 1.5 m, so it cannot be said that transportation is easy, and it can be spread and covered in a beautiful hexagonal cylinder shape on site. Not easy. Further, as the young tree 3 grows, it hits the peripheral wall of the tube 1 and cannot be corrected from the outside, so that there is a problem that a deformed tree is likely to occur, or if the grown tree exceeds the height of the tube 1 There is also a problem that the tube 1 is rubbed and easily scratched at the opening edge. Furthermore, when covering the young tree 3 planted on the slope, since the tube 1 is inclined, the growth of the young tree 3 tends to be hindered. And since it is a lightweight cylinder, it is easy to fall down when receiving wind on the side surface, and it is necessary to attach a tough support column, but there is also a problem that it is difficult to fix the support column and the tube 1.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can be easily and appropriately installed around a young tree, and has an excellent protective effect on a young tree, and its excellent young tree protector Its purpose is to provide an installation method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a protective device for enclosing and protecting a young tree, and is provided with at least two support columns standing at a predetermined interval around the young tree, and the support columns. A cylindrical net that stands upright and is held around a young tree through the spar , the strut and the cylindrical net are both biodegradable, and the cylindrical net has a fineness of 100 to 800 denier. The gist of the present invention is an infant tree protector composed of biodegradable fibers, woven by bag weaving having a weaving density of 7 to 30 per inch in both warp and weft, and an ear width of 10 to 50 mm .

  The young tree protector of the present invention is easy to transport and install and easy to handle. And when installed around a young tree, the circumference of the young tree is surrounded by a cylindrical net, so the growth of the young tree can be grasped from the outside, Can be corrected. In addition, even for gusts and the like, a load is not applied to the cylindrical net, and this can be sufficiently supported by a small number of support columns. And since it is excellent in the light transmittance and ventilation property compared with the conventional tube shape thing, a young tree can be raised in a state nearer nature.

  Moreover, according to the installation method of the juvenile tree protector of this invention, the said infant tree protector can be easily installed in parallel with the direction where the juvenile tree extends.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the young tree protector of the present invention. This young tree protector is composed of two struts 5 and a cylindrical net 6 standing and held on the outside thereof.

  The support column 5 is formed of a pipe made of biodegradable plastic, and is erected at 180 ° intervals on a virtual circle surrounding a target young tree. In addition, as the biodegradable plastic, a plastic mainly composed of polylactic acid is suitable, but polyester-based biodegradable plastic other than polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polybutyl succinate, polybutyl succinate adipate, etc. Other biodegradable plastics can be used. The polylactic acid is naturally decomposed into water and carbon dioxide in 5 to 7 years. From the viewpoint of environmental conservation, it is preferable to use 100% biodegradable plastic such as polylactic acid. In order to obtain degradability, it is sufficient to contain 50% or more, particularly 60% or more of biodegradable plastic with respect to the whole. Therefore, in order to intentionally adjust the degradation rate, i.e., to maintain the form of the protective equipment until the young tree grows enough and does not need to be protected from wildlife damage, It is also possible to mix plastics other than plastic. Examples of such other plastics for mixing include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester having no biodegradability, and the like.

  And since the dimension of the said support | pillar 5 determines the magnitude | size of the protection space required from the kind, size, etc. of the target young tree, after specifying the cylindrical net 6 of the magnitude | size which can protect this, This is set as a size that can be supported. When a general young tree is targeted, it is preferable to form a pipe having an outer diameter of 10 to 30 mm, a wall thickness of 0.8 to 1.5 mm, and a length of 1000 to 1500 mm. In addition, it is preferable to set the length to 1400 mm or more from the viewpoint that it is difficult to reach even if the deer is stretched. Moreover, as the support | pillar 5, not a pipe but a solid rod can be used. In that case, it is preferable to use one having an outer diameter of about 8 to 10 mm.

Further, the cylindrical net 6 is formed by a tubular body made of biodegradable fibers, in particular, the outer surface of cylindrical form, since even ears 7 extending in the vertical direction is formed. The ears 7 may be formed on both edges of the cylindrical net 6 in a flat folded state, or may be formed on one edge. The ear portion 7 has a higher fiber density than the other portions and has a certain rigidity. Therefore, when the cylindrical net 6 is in the standing posture, the ear portion 7 functions as a rib for guiding the standing posture. Is .

  In addition, the biodegradable fiber used for the cylindrical net 6 is a fiber made of the same biodegradable plastic as that used for the support 5 and both are made of the same material but different from each other. However, it is preferable to set so that both disappear at the same time.

The fineness of the biodegradable fibers are those set to 1 00 to 800 denier. In other words, the fineness is 100 denier or more, in the case of upright holding the cylindrical net 6, excellent retention of tubular is when: 800 denier, because easy tubular form by weaving. In particular, when the denier is set to 500 denier or less, the net fabric becomes soft, so that it is easy to wind and handling such as transfer becomes convenient.

Incidentally, the cylindrical net 6, the case of forming into a tubular shape by weaving, towards the warps are, it is preferable to use a thick thread than the weft. That is, this is because when the cylindrical net 6 is held upright, the standing posture is easily held.

Further, the cylindrical net 6, as a method of forming a tubular, but weaves The biodegradable fibers by weaving bag. That is, according to the above-mentioned bag weaving, it is possible to set so that the whole is formed in a cylindrical shape while forming the ear portion 7 in one step without going through steps such as sewing and bonding. In this case, the weaving density is preferably set to 7 to 30 pieces / inch for both the warp and the weft, and particularly preferably about 10 to 24 pieces / inch. That is, when the weave density is 7 or more, misalignment hardly occurs and the operation stability of the weaving machine is good. In addition, there is no risk that the branch tip protrudes from between the eyes and the shoots are damaged. When the weaving density is 30 or less, the productivity of the weaving machine is good, and the air permeability and light transmittance of the net fabric are extremely preferable values.

At the time of the weaving, towards the warps is, it is preferable to set to density weave than the weft is increased. That is, this is because when the cylindrical net 6 is held upright, it is easier to maintain the upright posture.

  The dimension of the cylindrical net 6 is set as a dimension capable of protecting the necessary protective space from the kind, size, etc. of the target young tree as described above. However, it is usually preferable to set the bag width to be 100 to 1000 mm, particularly 200 to 800 mm. The bag length (cylinder length) is preferably set to 1000 to 1500 mm.

Further, it is preferable that an ear portion 7 is formed on the cylindrical net 6 and the ear width of the ear portion 7 is set to 10 to 50 mm, particularly 10 to 25 mm. That is, when the ear width is 10 mm or more, the guide function by the ear part 7 as described above is exhibited extremely effectively. When the ear width is 50 mm or less, the ear part 7 is deformed by the winning of the ear or the net cloth is used. This is because there is no risk of pulling.

  Furthermore, the net fabric of the cylindrical net 6 preferably has a light transmittance of 92% or more so as not to hinder the healthy growth of young trees. And in order to ensure the healthy growth of a young tree and the performance of maintaining a standing posture against gusts or the like, it is preferable that a certain degree of ventilation is ensured. However, the light transmittance is obtained as follows.

[Calculation method of light transmittance]
First, a sample of a film form (thickness 20 μm) of a target fiber material was prepared, and a transmittance curve between specific wavelengths (λ _{1 to} λ ₂ ) was obtained as shown in FIG. For example, the transmittance curve of sample A is X, and the transmittance curve of sample B is Y. Then, the ratio of the areas S _A and S _B of the portion cut out by the transmittance curves X and Y to the area S ₀ when there is no film was defined as the light transmittance (%) of each sample A and B.

In addition, although the said light transmittance is with respect to the visible light in general, the heat-insulating effect is so high that the heat absorption in the daytime is good and the heat dissipation at night is suppressed, and the growth promoting effect on the young tree is high. Therefore, the light transmittance T ₁ for the UV to VL region (wavelength region of 0.2 to 0.9 μm) during the day is high, and the light for the IR to DIR region (wavelength region of 1.5 to 25 μm) at night. Those having a low transmittance T ₂ are preferred. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a material in which the difference between the two light transmittances (T ₁ −T ₂ ) is 20% or more as the net fabric of the cylindrical net 6. Incidentally, the polylactic acid described above as a material suitable for forming the cylindrical net 6 of the present invention is formed as a 20 μm-thick film, and has a light transmittance as shown below. The net fabric is also suitable because a value equal to or higher than the above value can be obtained.
T ₁ (light transmittance with respect to UV to VL region) = 99.8%
T ₂ (light transmittance with respect to IR to DIR region) = 75.4%.

  The juvenile tree protector having the above-described configuration can be installed, for example, as follows. That is, first, the support column 5 and the cylindrical net 6 are separately bundled and transported to a target young tree planting area. Then, after struts 5 are erected on both sides of the young tree, the tubular net 6 is covered with the struts 5 while opening the cylindrical net 6 in a cylindrical shape.

  Thereby, the lower part of the support | pillar 5 is embed | buried under the ground and fixed upright, and the cylindrical net | network 6 is stood up and hold | maintained cylindrically. Note that the lower end opening of the cylindrical net 6 is in contact with the ground. In this way, since the periphery of the young tree is surrounded by the cylindrical net 6 and is protected, the young tree can be protected from feeding damage by wild animals such as deer. And since the above-mentioned young tree protective equipment naturally decomposes due to its biodegradability several years after the inner young tree grows high and no longer needs protection, it will not pollute the environment even if left unattended. There is no cause.

  And according to the said young tree protective equipment, since the circumference | surroundings are in the state enclosed by the cylindrical net | network 6, it can grasp | ascertain the growth length of a young tree from the outside, and it is impossible for a branch tip. When a branch extends in a direction that is burdened, the direction can be corrected. And since the net cloth of the said cylindrical net 6 is excellent in light transmittance and ventilation, the growth of a young tree is not prevented and can grow up soundly. In addition, a load is not applied to the cylindrical net 6 even against a gust of wind or the like, and this can be sufficiently supported by the two columns 5.

  In addition, the use of the young tree protector suppresses the occurrence of extra branches at the trunk of the tree. Since it is difficult to grow, an accompanying effect is obtained in that the lower mowing work is also reduced. In the past, when an undercutting operation occurred, there was an accident in which an young tree to be raised was accidentally discarded, but such an accident can also be prevented.

  In addition, when the installation place of the said young tree protective equipment is a slope, as shown in FIG. 2, the two support | pillars 5 were chosen, the two places with as little height difference as possible, and the cylindrical net 6 was covered. After that, it is preferable to pull down the lower end edge of the cylindrical net 6 and fix it to the ground with a driving pin or the like so that no gap is generated between the lower end opening of the cylindrical net 6 and the ground. In this way, the young tree protector can be installed in parallel with the young tree even on the inclined surface.

  Further, in the above example, the cylindrical net 6 is merely standing in a cylindrical shape along the two support columns 5, but for example, as shown in FIG. The cylindrical net 6 may be fixed by sandwiching and engaging the post 20 with the clip 20. This is preferable because the cylindrical net 6 can be supported more stably. Instead of the clip 20, it may be fixed by a string-like object or the like. The fixing means such as the clip 20 and the string-like object is preferably formed of biodegradable plastic and biodegradable fiber, like the column 5 and the cylindrical net 6.

  Furthermore, in the above example, two support columns 5 are provided, but the number of support columns 5 may be three or more. However, as the number increases, it takes time to install, so it is preferable to make the number as small as possible.

  And when there are few support | pillars 5, when it is two like said example, for example, it is not easy to maintain the state which opened the cylindrical net 6 roundly in cylindrical shape, Therefore FIG. 3 (a) It is preferable to combine the ring 8 as shown in FIG.

  The ring 8 is formed by forming a wire 9 made of a biodegradable plastic in an annular shape, like the support column 5 and the cylindrical net 6, so that both ends thereof can be detachably connected by a joint member 10. As shown in 3 (b), the columns 5 are connected to each other in an annular shape by passing through a through hole 5 a provided in the upper portion of the column 5.

  The diameter of the wire 9 of the ring 8 is set to such a size that the cylindrical net 6 can be opened in a cylindrical shape. The thickness of the wire 9 is appropriately set in consideration of the balance with the whole, but it is usually preferable to set it to 20000 to 30000 denier.

  The joint member 10 attached to one end of the wire 9 may be formed of a plastic or metal other than the biodegradable plastic, even if the joint member 10 is formed of a biodegradable plastic. However, considering the influence on the environment, it is preferable to form the biodegradable plastic like the other parts.

  Moreover, the support | pillar 5 may be driven into the ground as it is, or after drilling a pilot hole beforehand with a drill etc., you may make it drive in using the pilot hole. And you may make it make the lower end part of the support | pillar 5 sharply sharp.

  Furthermore, in order to raise the standing strength of the support | pillar 5, you may make it comprise the support | pillar 5 with the support | pillar main body 11 and the peg 12, as shown, for example in FIG. That is, the peg 12 is also formed of a biodegradable plastic, and reinforcing ribs 13 are formed to protrude in four directions on the peripheral surface. A plurality of claws 14 for obtaining a throwing effect are provided on the left and right ribs 13 at predetermined intervals. The upper end of the peg 12 is fitted with the lower end of the column main body 11 so that it can be connected like a single bar. Since this peg 12 is shorter and easier to handle than the prop body 11, the peg 12 is parallel to the young tree regardless of the hardness of the soil at the position where the prop 5 is erected, the presence or absence of inclination, the presence of stones in the soil, etc. And, it has the advantage that it can be driven in reliably. Further, even if it is once bent and driven, there is an advantage that the correction can be easily performed.

  Therefore, when using a juvenile tree protector composed of the main column 11 and the peg 12 as the column 5, first, the peg 12 is driven into the ground as shown in FIG. Secure in a state of protruding on the ground. Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the lower end portion of the column main body 11 is fitted to the projecting portion of the peg 12, and this is vertically set. Next, the cylindrical net 6 is covered from above, and the young tree can be surrounded as shown in FIG.

  According to this young tree protector, in addition to the same effects as those shown in FIG. 1, it is simple and sufficient to drive the peg 12 when the column 5 is erected and to fit the column main body 11 therewith. There is an effect that the column 5 can be erected with high strength.

  When installing the young tree protector of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), at the stage where the support column 5 is erected, the periphery of the young tree is shown, for example, by cardboard. Or the like, and is wrapped with a covering auxiliary member 20 ′ that is harder than the cylindrical net 6 and has excellent shape retention, and after covering the cylindrical net 6, the covering auxiliary member 20 ′ is attached to the cylindrical net 6. You may make it extract from the inside. According to this method, the branch tip of the young tree extending upward is not damaged by being pushed down from above by being caught on the net fabric during the operation of covering the cylindrical net 6. Installation work can be performed smoothly.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

  Two struts 5 have a combination structure of a strut body 11 and a peg 12 shown in FIG. Further, a ring 8 as shown in FIG. And the cylindrical net 6 shown in FIG. 1 was combined with this, and it was set as the target infant tree protector. Detailed conditions are as follows.

[Conditions for young tree protection equipment]
(1) Strut body shape: pipe having a diameter of 20 mm, a thickness of 1 mm, and a length of 1000 mm.
Material: 100% polylactic acid biodegradable plastic.
(2) Peg shape: length 400 mm, outer shape as shown in FIG.
Material: 100% polylactic acid biodegradable plastic.
(3) Ring shape: A wire having a diameter of 2 mm is bent into a circle having a diameter (outer diameter) of 140 mm.
Material: 100% polylactic acid biodegradable plastic including joints.
(4) Cylindrical net shape: a cylindrical shape with a bag width of 260 mm and a bag length of 1000 mm, and an ear width of 15 mm.
Material: 100% polylactic acid biodegradable plastic.
Net Fabric: warps 500 denier, with hollow weave fabric using a yarn of the weft 380 denier, through weaving density of 22 yarns / inch, weft weaving density is set to 14 lines / inch.

  The above-mentioned young tree protective equipment was carried into the following tree planting area, and one protective equipment was installed for each young tree that was planted. And after 3 years, when the growth state of each young tree was observed, all the young trees were in a good growth state. In all three seasons, no wild animals caused food damage.

[Outline of tree planting area]
(1) Types of planted trees Conifers: Sudajii, Arakan, Birch, Japanese yam, Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, Japanese cypress, Japanese maple, Japanese red pine, Japanese black pine hardwoods: Japanese cherry, Japanese maple, Japanese oak, Japanese cypress, Japanese cypress, Japanese chestnut, Japanese cypress , Enoki, Akigumi, Sharinbai (2) Number of trees planted 300.

It is a block diagram which shows one Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the installation aspect of the said Example. (A) is explanatory drawing of the ring used for the other Example of this invention, (b) is explanatory drawing of the attachment aspect. It is explanatory drawing of other Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the modification of the support | pillar used for the other Example of this invention. (A), (b), (c) is explanatory drawing of the procedure which all install the said other Example. It is a partial explanatory view showing an example of the conventional infant tree protector. It is explanatory drawing of the installation aspect of the said prior art example. It is a diagram for demonstrating the calculation method of the light transmittance.

Explanation of symbols

5 Prop 6 Tubular net

Claims (1)

A protective device for enclosing and protecting a young tree, and having at least two pillars erected at a predetermined interval around the young tree, and in a cylindrical shape around the young tree via the pillar. A cylindrical net that is held upright, both the column and the cylindrical net are biodegradable, the cylindrical net is composed of biodegradable fibers having a fineness of 100 to 800 denier, and the weaving density is A juvenile tree protector characterized by being woven with a bag weave having a warp and weft of 7 to 30 pieces / inch and an ear width of 10 to 50 mm .

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