JP4022671B2 - Interlocking device and key system in the flute foot tube - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In this case, in the flute H foot tube, the D # key is pressed down to open the ton hole D #, and at the same time the H foot tube C key is pressed down. The present invention relates to an invention of a key system having an interlocking device that can be used. In the present invention, the flutes to which it is directed are all kinds of flute genus. The present invention can also be applied to a flute C foot tube, and can also be applied to a woodwind instrument having the same mechanism as a flute.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Before entering the explanation, a brief explanation of the term is given (FIG. 4). The key name is derived from the ton hall name (sound hole name) corresponding to the key. Similarly, the name of the cup that opens and closes and closes the ton hole directly with the pad that is integrated with the key and inserted inside is also derived from the ton hole name (sound hole name). Corresponds to the ton hole D #, hereinafter, the D key and D cup correspond to the ton hole D, the C # key and C # cup correspond to the ton hole C #, and the C key and C cup correspond to the ton hole C, respectively. However, if the ton hole C # is opened, the C # sound is produced. For example, if the ton hole D is closed by closing the ton hole D by pressing the D key of the foot tube with the right hand little finger, the adjacent ton hall C When # is released, a C # sound lower than the key name D by half a tone is generated. The key name / cup name matches the ton hall name, but the ton hole is closed and closed, and the note name that is pronounced is a semitone lower than that. Incidentally, the lowest tone H sound of the H foot tube is pronounced by the tube end (tube opening) (81) of the foot tube, and the lowest sound C sound of the C foot tube is also generated by the tube end (tube) of the foot tube. (91). Therefore, there is no processed ton hole corresponding to them. Note that the H sound is read as “Hon”, and the H foot tube is read as “Herokubukan”. H is the name of the Doremi scale, which has been adopted in Japan since the Meiji era. In English-speaking countries, H is written as B.
[0003]
The flute foot tube has two C foot tubes (FIG. 8) having C sound as the lowest sound and H foot tubes (FIG. 7) having H sound semitone lower than C sound as the lowest sound. There are types. The C foot tube has 3 (D #, D, C #) keys and 3 tonholes corresponding to each, and the H foot tube has 4 (D #, D, C #, C) keys. And there are four ton halls corresponding to each. Four to five posts are erected vertically on the tube body, and a drilling process (88, FIG. 4) or a screw process (89, FIG. 4) is performed on the spherical upper part. Prepare the key assembly and key movement by penetrating a single threaded mandrel (86, 87, FIG. 4) to skew the posts. All keys are joined with pipes for rotational swinging. The metal core spring (85) provided on the post is inserted into the pipe, and one end of the metal wire spring (85) is hung on the key pipe spring hook (84, Fig. 1a). It is a mechanism that allows the key to rotate by the repulsive force of the wire spring and opens and closes the ton hall. Both foot tubes are moved using only the little finger of the right hand when playing, but when not in use, the D # cup (43) attached to the D # key (42) closes the tonhole D # (41). The cups (D, C #, C) attached to the other keys (D, C #, C) stand by at a height of about 4 mm above the corresponding ton holes. The C # key (22) and the C key (12) are equipped with a rotating roller (FIG. 3b) in order to obtain a smooth movement of the right hand little finger.
[0004]
The D key (32, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8) is pressed down to close and close the ton hole D, and the C # sound in the lowest range can be generated, and the C # key (22, FIG. 3a) is used for the synchro cam (28). The cushioning material (26) bonded to the lower part (25) is in contact with the D-key connecting plate (38) mounted on the D-key (32). Closes and closes the ton hall C #, which is its role, together with the hall D, and enables the sound of the C sound in the lowest range. On the other hand, the D # key (42, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8) is an independent key not interlocked with other keys, and when pressed down, the D # cup (43) attached to the key is closed and closed. (41) is used to sound the D # sound, which is the original role, and the H, C, and C # sounds in the lowest range of the 37 to 38 sound groups normally required for flute・ D key, D sound of middle range, A # sound of highest range, H sound, C sound, all keys except 8 sounds are always used together, and the most frequently used key for playing flute It is one of. On the other hand, the C key of the H foot tube (FIGS. 1b and 7) is also an independent key, but it is the original function except for the auxiliary use (15) in generating the C sound in the highest range. However, it is a key that is used only when the lowest sound H is generated and is used very often to close and close the ton hole C (11) that has been opened by being depressed. From the 19th century to the second half of the 20th century, the C foot tube was the mainstream, but since the second half of the 20th century, the spread of the H foot tube has progressed remarkably.
[0005]
In general, the H foot tube has a different taste in tone, volume, reverberation, pitch, and feel compared to the C foot tube, in addition to enabling H sounds that cannot be obtained with the C foot tube. Are known. It has been pointed out that there are shortcomings such as a sound that is mixed with noise and a feeling of clogging that is choked with respect to the favorable evaluation of a calm tone and stable pitch like Ibushi Silver. In both of the relative evaluations, (ii) the weight change caused by the fact that the tubular body became longer by a semitone and the key (C key) was increased by one (FIG. 7). The main reason is that an increase in the number of holes C) by one (FIG. 7) caused some acoustic influence on the formation of overtones. In addition, the H foot tube has created the breadth of musical expression by having the lowest sound H sound. However, in terms of performance techniques, from three C foot tube keys (D #, D, C #) (FIG. 8) to four keys (D #, D, C #, C) (FIG. 7). It is said that the range of operation with the little finger of the right hand has already reached its limit, except for the performance of special works, by increasing one. As with the C foot tube, which has been highly completed, the H foot tube has reached the point of completion, although some ideas have been added.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, we have fundamentally examined and examined the relative evaluation of the flute with the H foot tube and the flute with the C foot tube, especially the shortcomings such as the sound of noise and clogging. In order to correct this, various technical experiments and performance experiments were tried for [1] flute with H foot tube and [2] flute with C foot tube, respectively.
[0007]
[1] Regarding the H foot tube (FIG. 7). While pressing the C key (12) using auxiliary means such as a rubber band without using the little finger of the right hand, the C cup (13) closes and closes the ton hole C (11), and the D # key (42) is held as usual. Playing a group of sounds from the lowest note D to the highest note C while using the little finger together eliminates the shortcomings such as the sound of noise and clogged winds. The sound, pitch, tone, volume, sound uniformity, stability and certainty that have been pursued as The result of this experiment does not fluctuate a little depending on the flute maker, the material of the flute (silver plating, total silver, gold silver, total gold, etc.) and the type of flute. Apart from this experiment, almost the same result was obtained in a performance experiment in which the C key was removed from the H foot tube and the tonhole C was fully visible. In this way, since the result can be obtained by closing or removing, the C cup (13) is always at a height of about 4 mm above the ton hole C (11) when sound is generated without using the C key. It is sufficient to avoid the normal state of waiting. This is a conclusion that is beyond unexpected common sense. The H foot tube and C key have been used since the latter half of the 19th century due to the role and charm of producing H sounds despite their extremely low frequency of use. The fact that the C cup is always waiting for use above the ton hall C itself has had a significant influence on the sound of the entire flute. However, the act of removing the C key from the H foot tube is unrealistic at this time. From the above experiments and considerations, when playing the flute with the H foot tube, the C key (12) is pressed down and the C cup (13) is ton-holed in all sounds except the lowest C and C # sounds. It was concluded that creating a closed and closed state of C (11) could fundamentally eliminate the shortcomings such as the sound of noise and the feeling of choking.
[0008]
[2] Regarding the C foot tube (FIG. 8). An experiment in which the C # cup (23) closes and closes the tonhole C # (21) by pushing down the C # key (22) using auxiliary means such as a rubber band without using the right little finger as in the H foot tube. Try. However, before that (FIG. 3a), the connecting part, commonly referred to as the D-key connecting plate (38), must be removed from the D-key (32). This is because the buffer material (26) bonded to the lower part (25) of the C # key synchro cam (28) is in contact with the D key connecting plate together with the H foot pipe C foot pipe, and the C # key This is because when the key is depressed, the D key is automatically depressed. Since this D-key connecting plate also serves as a key stopper for the D-key, the key stopper (57) must be newly installed at the rear of the cup (53) when the D-key connecting plate is removed (FIG. 5). . After such preparation, the C # cup (23) is depressed by using the auxiliary means such as a rubber band without using the right little finger as in the H foot tube, and the C # cup (23) is moved to the ton hole C # ( 21) When the sound group from the lowest D # sound to the highest A sound is played while using the D # key (42) with the right hand little finger as usual with the D # key (42) closed and closed, The pronunciation, pitch, tone, volume, sound uniformity, stability, and certainty were further improved over the foot tube. Separately from this experiment, the same result was obtained when the C # key was removed from the C foot tube and the performance experiment was attempted with the ton hole C # fully visible. In this way, since a good result can be obtained by closing or removing, similar to the relationship between the H foot tube and the C key, the C # key of the C foot tube does not use the C # key. Sometimes, it is only necessary to avoid a normal state in which the C # cup (23) is always waiting at a height of about 4 mm above the ton hole C # (21). Of course, the act of removing the C # key from the C foot tube as well as the act of removing the C key from the H foot tube is also unrealistic at this time. From the above experiments and considerations, when playing a flute with a C foot tube, all but the lowest C #, D, middle D, highest A #, H, C sound If the C # cup (23) closes and closes the ton hall C # (21) by pressing the C # key (22) in the sound generation, the pronunciation, volume and sound are improved and the player himself can clearly feel it. It came to the conclusion that it was possible to improve the feeling of playing.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As described above, as a result of fundamental verification and reexamination of various relative evaluations regarding the conventional H foot tube and C foot tube, the D # key in the H foot tube can be The effectiveness and importance / necessity of a key system having an interlocking device that allows the D # key and C # key on the C key or C foot tube to be depressed simultaneously are recognized. The present invention has been born as a means for solving the problem.
In the flute H foot tube, the D # key is depressed and the D # cup opens the ton hole D # and simultaneously the H foot tube C key is depressed. The present invention relates to an invention of a key system having an interlocking device that enables a hole C to be closed and closed. The D # key (42) is one of the most frequently used independent keys for playing the flute. When pressed with the little finger of the right hand, the D # cup (43) closes and closes the ton hole D # (41). To do. On the other hand, the C key (12) or C # key (22) is depressed with the right little finger, and the ton hole C (11) or ton hole C # in which the C cup (13) or C # cup (23) is opened. It is a key of very low use frequency that closes and closes (21). Therefore, a device for interlocking with the D # key (FIG. 2) is attached to the C key synchro cam (27) of the H foot tube or integrally formed with the synchro cam, and one end of the device is connected to the D # key. When touching the back side (FIG. 6), the D # key is depressed and the D # cup opens the ton hole D #. At the same time, the C key of the H foot tube is depressed to close and close the ton hole C (FIG. 6). 5).
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1a is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the interlocking device (61) as the core of the present invention. In the production of this interlocking device, the same material as that of the key sync cam is used in principle, and it can be produced by general casting or forging. The right angle surface (62) is a hard brazed portion with the lower part of the synchro cam (25, FIG. 3b), and the present invention can be carried out by hard brazing the lower part of the synchro cam or integrally molding with the synchro cam from the beginning. And The projecting portion (63) contacts the back side of the D # key and allows the interlocking device to be automatically depressed at the same time as the D # key is depressed, but the D # key is below the synchro cam lower part in the projection direction. Therefore, the protruding portion (63) has the same inclination. Further, since the projecting portion (63) also serves as a key stopper, it serves as a buffer to prevent the occurrence of a collision sound between metals at the contact between the projecting portion (63) and the back side of the D # key (FIG. 5). A felt material (49) is interposed between the two. The proper opening distance from the ton hole D # (41) of the D # cup (43) that is started up by pressing the D # key is the thickness of the cork material (46) bonded to the back side of the D # key. However, the adjustment of the thickness of the cushioning felt material (49) is also an important task (FIG. 5). This is because if the felt material is too thick, the cork of the D # key does not reach the surface of the tube and the key with the interlocking device closes first, and the ton hole D of the D # cup (43) is closed. This is because a proper opening distance from # (41) cannot be secured. On the other hand, if the felt material is too thin, the cork material of the D # key reaches the surface of the tube, and the proper opening distance from the ton hole D # (41) of the D # cup (43) can be secured, but this time with an interlocking device. Therefore, there is anxiety that the key cannot be closed and the effect of the invention cannot be obtained sufficiently. However, according to the experimental results, it is not necessary to set strict conditions for mutual adjustment, and the flexibility and elasticity of the cork material, felt material, key with interlocking device, pad inserted in the cup, etc. In order to further optimize the adjustment, the strength of the player's right hand little finger that depresses the D # key is adjusted to the normal accuracy required for the work of the flute maker and flute repairer. It can respond enough. Application and modification to the conventional H foot tube and C foot tube using the interlocking device (61) of the present invention can also be carried out.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
In the 200 years of flute key mechanism research and development, in most cases the development was limited to the sound that the key directly involved. On the other hand, the key system having the interlocking device of the present invention not only improves the D # sound that is directly involved, but also improves about 30 major sound groups that are frequently used when playing the flute. This has a feature that is significantly different from conventional development. By introducing the key system with the interlocking device of the present invention into the flute's H foot tube, the sound, pitch, tone, volume, and reverberation of all sounds that use the D # key together with the performance are improved. Realize an improved feeling of wind that can be clearly felt by oneself.
The key system with this interlocking device also realizes an improvement of the key stopper method. There are three types of flute key stoppers: (i) the top surface of the ton hole (sound hole), (ii) the surface of the tubular body, and (iii) the interlocking part of the interlocking key. Among these, (ii) when the tube surface (FIG. 1b) is at the stop position, and (iii) when the interlocking key connecting portion (FIG. 3a) is at the stop position, the back side of the key stopper and the stop position portion Between these, there are interposed cushions (16) and (26) made of a soft material (skin, paper, plastic, felt, cork, etc.) for avoiding a collision sound caused by metal. However, bringing the buffer (16) into contact with the surface of the tubular body at the stop position (ii) means that the vibration of the tubular body is suppressed, and is therefore a cause of adverse effects on the sound of the entire flute. ing. By introducing the key system having the interlocking device of the present invention, the interlocking device itself serves as a key stopper at the same time, so the interlocking device is hard brazed or the C key of the H foot tube formed integrally with the interlocking device. Therefore, the conventional key stopper is no longer necessary, and it is possible to remove the key stopper portion (17) which has been pasted with a buffer and has been on the surface of the tube body as a stop position. Therefore, we succeeded in removing some of the causes that are thought to adversely affect the sound of the entire flute.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a C key with an interlocking device for a C key synchro cam lower part showing an embodiment of the present invention. b A perspective view of a conventional C key.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view and a side view of an interlocking device for a lower synchro cam.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a C # key / D key interlocking mechanism in an a H foot tube and a conventional C foot tube. b The lower perspective view of the synchro cam to which the key connecting rod is hard soldered.
FIG. 4 is a pipe sketch of the H foot tube, a pipe sketch of the C foot tube, and a side view from the tube end side.
FIG. 5 is a key mechanism sketch and side view from the D # key side of an H foot tube with an interlocking device for a lower synchro cam and a C foot tube of the same specification.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the interlock mechanism of the C key with the interlock device for the D # key and C key synchro cam lower part.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a key mechanism and a tube body in a conventional H foot tube.
FIG. 8 is a front view of a key mechanism and a tube body in a conventional C foot tube.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 ... Ton Hall C
12 ... C key (with rotating roller)
13 ... C cup 14 ... C key connecting rod 15 ... Auxiliary key 16 for highest sound range C sound ... Buffer felt material 17 ... C cup key stopper 21 ... Tonhole C ♯
22 ... C # key (with rotating roller)
23 ... C # cup 24 ... C # key connecting rod 25 ... Synchro cam lower part 26 ... Shock felt material 27 ... C key synchro cam 28 ... C # key synchro cam 29 ..Joint area 31 of synchro cam and connecting rod ... Tonhole D
32 ... D key 33 ... D cup 38 ... D key connecting plate 41 ... ton hole D #
42 ... D # key 43 ... D # cup 46 ... Buffer cork material 49 ... Buffer felt material 52 ... Always alone movable D key 53 ... Always alone movable D cup 57 ..Key stopper 58 of the always independently movable D cup ... Key stopper 61 of the conventional C # key ... Interlocking device 62 for the lower part of the synchro cam ... Hard brazing part or integral molding connecting part 63 by casting ... -Projection part 81 in contact with the back side of the D # key ... Tube end of the H foot tube (opening that produces H sound)
82 ... Connection portion 84 between the trunk tube and the H foot tube ... Spring hook 85 ... Metal wire spring 86 ... Metal core 87 for H foot tube ... Metal core 88 for C foot tube ... Foot tube hole post 89 ... Foot tube screw post 91 ... Tube end of foot tube (opening that produces C sound)
92 ... Connection portion between trunk tube and C foot tube

Claims (1)

    In the flute H foot tube, one end is in contact with the back side of the D # key (FIG. 6), and when the D # key is depressed, the C key can be depressed simultaneously. A key system (FIG. 1a) having an interlocking device (FIG. 2) integrally formed with the C-key synchro cam.

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