JP4021505B2 - Antidiabetic drugs and functional foods - Google Patents

Antidiabetic drugs and functional foods Download PDF

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JP4021505B2
JP4021505B2 JP09753796A JP9753796A JP4021505B2 JP 4021505 B2 JP4021505 B2 JP 4021505B2 JP 09753796 A JP09753796 A JP 09753796A JP 9753796 A JP9753796 A JP 9753796A JP 4021505 B2 JP4021505 B2 JP 4021505B2
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diabetes
present
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administration
administered
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JPH08325159A (en
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徹 赤羽
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徹 赤羽
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、糖尿病治療薬及び糖尿病治療効果を有する機能性食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、糖尿病の治療薬としては、スルホニル尿素剤やピグアナイド剤が用いられている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、従来の糖尿病治療薬とは全く異なるタイプの、優れた治療効果を有する新規な糖尿病治療薬を提供することである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本願発明者は、鋭意研究の結果、ニガカシュウの根茎が優れた糖尿病治療効果を有することを見出し本発明を完成した。
【0005】
すなわち、本発明は、ニガカシュウの根茎を有効成分として含有する経口投与用の糖尿病治療薬を提供する。
【0006】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0007】
本発明の糖尿病治療薬の有効成分は、ニガカシュウ(Dioscorea bulbifera)の根茎(地中に埋まっている芋の部分)又は珠芽である。
【0008】
本発明の糖尿病治療薬は、経口又は非経口投与することができる。もっとも、経口投与は患者が自分自身で容易に行うことができ、また、薬効も経口投与で十分に得られるので、経口投与が好ましい。
【0009】
本発明の糖尿病治療薬の投与量は、患者の状態に応じて適宜選択されるが、通常、大人1日当たり、芋の乾燥粉末に換算して10〜20g程度である。
【0010】
本発明の糖尿病治療薬は、ニガカシュウの芋(皮よりも内側の部分)を含むものであれば、その形態は問わない。例えば、芋をすりつぶして乾燥又は凍結乾燥した粉末をそのまま投与することができる。あるいはこのような粉末を水やアルコール等の溶媒に溶かしたものを投与してもよいし、ラクトースのような常用の担体と共に製剤して錠剤やその他の製剤形態にすることができる。あるいは、芋の皮を剥いてあるいは剥かずにそのまま、又は水で煮たり油で揚げたりして食べてもよい。経口投与に適した製剤の一例を下記に示すがもちろんこれに限定されるものではない。
【0011】
ニガカシュウの芋の乾燥粉末 10g
25%エタノール 20ml
(そのままで飲みにくければ、水、湯あるいは茶で薄めて全量飲む)。
【0012】
本発明はまた、機能性食品の形態にある糖尿病治療薬を提供する。この機能性食品は、糖尿病の治療及び予防効果を有する。「ニガカシュウ」の「ニガ」は「苦い」から来たもので、その名の通り苦くて食べられず、従来は食用に供されることはなかった。しかしながら、本発明により、糖尿病の治療及び予防効果が確認され、機能性食品としての用途が新たに見出された。芋は、芋の皮を剥いてあるいは剥かずにそのまま、又は水で煮たり油で揚げたりして食べることができる。あるいは、その苦みを消すために、他の食品、例えば甘味料や香辛料と組合せたものを機能性食品として食することもできる。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに具体的に説明する。もっとも、本発明は下記実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0014】
実施例1
KK−AYマウスにニガカシュウの芋の乾燥粉末を1日当たり1g/kg体重の投与量で、7日、21日間又は6週間連続して経口投与した。投与後、24時間絶食させ、グルコースを2g/kg体重の投与量で経口投与し、投与後−3分(すなわち投与前3分)から360分の血糖値を測定した。なお、芋を投与しなかったことを除き、同じ餌で飼育したマウスをコントロールとした。7日連続投与した場合の結果を図1に、21日間連続投与した場合の結果を図2に、6週間連続投与した場合の結果を図3に示す。図中、「*」及び「**」を付した点は、Wilson rank sum testでコントロールに対し、p<0.05及びp<0.01の有意差をそれぞれ示すものである。図1〜図3からわかるように、ニガカシュウの芋を投与することにより、空腹時血糖及び糖付加後60分以降の血糖値が低下し、ニガカシュウの芋が血糖値の抑制に有効であること、すなわち、糖尿病の治療に有効であることが確認された。
【0015】
実施例2
糖尿病患者3人(血糖値平均272mg/dl、グループ1)及び別の糖尿病患者3人(血糖値平均282mg/dl、グループ2)にニガカシュウの芋の乾燥粉末を25%エタノールに溶解したものを1日当たり1g/kg体重(乾燥粉末基準)の投与量で連日経口投与した。投与開始から7日、14日、21日、28日及び35日後にそれぞれ血糖値及び尿糖値を測定した。結果を下記表1に示す。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 0004021505
【0017】
表1から明らかなように、臨床試験において、ニガカシュウの芋の投与により血糖値、尿糖値とも大幅な改善が見られ、特に血糖値は両群とも投与後21日以内に正常値になった。このことから、本発明の糖尿病治療薬の薬効が確認された。
【0018】
急性毒性(その1)
マウス(1群5匹)に、ニガカシュウの芋の粉末を水に溶かしたものを粉末基準で50mg/kg体重の投与量で腹腔内投与した。コントロールとして、カラジーナンを200mg/kg体重の投与量で腹腔内投与した。投与5日眼に肉眼でマウスを観察し、さらに、解剖して組織を調べた。結果は次のとおりであった。
【0019】
(1) 肉眼所見
カラジーナン投与の場合、尾先端に暗赤色化反応が認められたが、ニガカシュウを投与した場合には変化は認められなかった。
【0020】
(2) 組織所見
検索臓器:心臓、肺臓、肝臓、腎臓、脾臓
ニガカシュウ投与の場合には、いずれの臓器に対しても変化が認められなかった。
【0021】
急性毒性(その2)
ニガカシュウの芋の粉末をエタノ−ルに溶かしたものを粉末基準で下記表2に示す各種投与量で1群5匹のマウスに単回経口投与し、死亡数を測定した。結果を下記表2に示す。
【0022】
【表2】
Figure 0004021505
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明の糖尿病治療薬は、上記実施例で確認されたように、非常に優れた糖尿病治療効果を有する。しかも、2000mg/kg の大量経口投与を行っても毒性が認められなかったことから、安全性も非常に高いと考えられる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】マウスにニガカシュウの芋の乾燥粉末を7日間投与後、糖負荷をかけた場合の糖負荷後の時間と血中グルコース濃度との関係を示す図である。
【図2】マウスにニガカシュウの芋の乾燥粉末を14日間投与後、糖負荷をかけた場合の糖負荷後の時間と血中グルコース濃度との関係を示す図である。
【図3】マウスにニガカシュウの芋の乾燥粉末を6週間投与後、糖負荷をかけた場合の糖負荷後の時間と血中グルコース濃度との関係を示す図である。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a therapeutic drug for diabetes and a functional food having a therapeutic effect for diabetes.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, sulfonylurea agents and piguanide agents have been used as therapeutic agents for diabetes.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel antidiabetic agent having an excellent therapeutic effect, which is completely different from conventional antidiabetic agents.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a result of intensive studies, the inventor of the present application has found that the rhizome of bittersweet has an excellent therapeutic effect on diabetes, and has completed the present invention.
[0005]
That is, the present invention provides a therapeutic agent for diabetes for oral administration containing rhizome of bittersweet as an active ingredient.
[0006]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0007]
The active ingredient of the antidiabetic agent of the present invention is rhizome (part of the bud buried in the ground) or pearl bud of Dioscorea bulbifera .
[0008]
The therapeutic agent for diabetes of the present invention can be administered orally or parenterally. However, oral administration can be easily performed by the patient himself, and oral administration is preferred because the drug effect can be sufficiently obtained by oral administration.
[0009]
The dosage of the therapeutic agent for diabetes of the present invention is appropriately selected according to the patient's condition, but is usually about 10 to 20 g in terms of dry powder of salmon per day for an adult.
[0010]
The form of the antidiabetic agent of the present invention is not limited as long as it contains a bittersweet moth (a part inside the skin). For example, a powder obtained by grinding a candy and drying or freeze-drying can be administered as it is. Or you may administer what melt | dissolved such powder in solvents, such as water and alcohol, and can formulate with a usual carrier like lactose and can make a tablet or another formulation form. Alternatively, it may be eaten as it is, with or without being peeled, or boiled in water or fried in oil. An example of a preparation suitable for oral administration is shown below, but of course not limited thereto.
[0011]
10g dry powder of bittersweet moth
20% 25% ethanol
(If it is difficult to drink as it is, dilute with water, hot water or tea and drink the whole amount.)
[0012]
The present invention also provides a therapeutic agent for diabetes in the form of a functional food. This functional food has the effect of treating and preventing diabetes. “Niga” of “Nigakashu” came from “bitter”, and as its name suggests, it was bitter and could not be eaten. However, according to the present invention, the therapeutic and preventive effects for diabetes have been confirmed, and the use as a functional food has been newly found. The salmon can be eaten as it is, with or without being peeled, or boiled in water or fried in oil. Alternatively, in order to eliminate the bitterness, other foods such as those combined with sweeteners and spices can be eaten as functional foods.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0014]
Example 1
KK-AY mice were orally administrated with dry powder of bitter gourd at a dose of 1 g / kg body weight per day for 7 days, 21 days or 6 weeks continuously. After administration, the animals were fasted for 24 hours, glucose was orally administered at a dose of 2 g / kg body weight, and blood glucose levels were measured from -3 minutes (ie, 3 minutes before administration) to 360 minutes after administration. In addition, a mouse raised on the same diet was used as a control except that no sputum was administered. FIG. 1 shows the results when administered continuously for 7 days, FIG. 2 shows the results when administered continuously for 21 days, and FIG. 3 shows the results when administered continuously for 6 weeks. In the figure, points marked with “*” and “**” indicate significant differences of p <0.05 and p <0.01, respectively, with respect to the control in the Wilson rank sum test. As can be seen from FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, by administering the nashikashi sputum, fasting blood glucose and blood sugar level after 60 minutes after addition of sugar are reduced, and the nigakashu sputum is effective in suppressing the blood sugar level, That is, it was confirmed that it is effective for the treatment of diabetes.
[0015]
Example 2
Three diabetic patients (average blood glucose level of 272 mg / dl, group 1) and another diabetic patient (average blood glucose level of 282 mg / dl, group 2) were prepared by dissolving dry powder of bitter gourd in 25% ethanol. It was orally administered every day at a dose of 1 g / kg body weight (dry powder basis) per day. Blood glucose levels and urine glucose levels were measured 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 35 days after the start of administration, respectively. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004021505
[0017]
As is apparent from Table 1, in clinical trials, the blood glucose level and the urinary glucose level were significantly improved by administration of Nigakashu sputum, and in particular, the blood glucose level became normal within 21 days after administration in both groups. . From this, the efficacy of the therapeutic agent for diabetes of the present invention was confirmed.
[0018]
Acute toxicity (part 1)
Mice (5 per group) were administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 mg / kg body weight based on a powder based on a powder of bittersweet moth in water. As a control, carrageenan was intraperitoneally administered at a dose of 200 mg / kg body weight. On the fifth day after administration, the mouse was observed with the naked eye, and further dissected to examine the tissue. The results were as follows.
[0019]
(1) In the case of carrageenan administration with macroscopic findings, a dark red reaction was observed at the tip of the tail, but no change was observed when Nikakashu was administered.
[0020]
(2) Organ search: Organs: Heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen Nigakashu showed no change in any organ.
[0021]
Acute toxicity (2)
A solution of bitter gourd powder in ethanol was orally administered to five mice per group at various doses shown in Table 2 below on a powder basis, and the number of deaths was measured. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0022]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004021505
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
The antidiabetic agent of the present invention has a very excellent diabetes therapeutic effect as confirmed in the above examples. Moreover, since no toxicity was observed even after a large oral dose of 2000 mg / kg, the safety is considered to be very high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between time after glucose loading and blood glucose concentration when mice were given a sugar load after 7 days of administration of dry powder of bitter gourd to mice.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the time after glucose loading and blood glucose concentration when the mice were given 14 months of dry powder of bitter gourd for 14 days and then subjected to glucose loading.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the time after glucose loading and blood glucose concentration when a glucose load is applied after 6 weeks of administration of dry powder of bitter gourd to mice.

Claims (1)

ニガカシュウの根茎又は珠芽を有効成分として含有する経口投与用の糖尿病治療薬。  An antidiabetic agent for oral administration containing a rhizome or pearl bud of bittersweet as an active ingredient.
JP09753796A 1995-03-27 1996-03-27 Antidiabetic drugs and functional foods Expired - Fee Related JP4021505B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP7-93006 1995-03-27
JP9300695 1995-03-27
JP09753796A JP4021505B2 (en) 1995-03-27 1996-03-27 Antidiabetic drugs and functional foods

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WO2004054592A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-07-01 Gobind Prasad Dubey Herbal preparation for management of cardiovascular and neurologic disorders
WO2004056377A1 (en) * 2002-12-19 2004-07-08 Jorge Do Nascimento Orthochromatic rare earth elements screen film system for intra-oral odontological radiology
WO2012131651A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 Choudhary Shukariyabhai Janiyabhai Herbal compositions for increase and improvement of milk yield in cattle
JP2014201567A (en) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-27 花王株式会社 Glp-1 secretion promoter
CN114569666A (en) * 2022-03-16 2022-06-03 长三角健康农业研究院(浙江)有限公司 Extraction process of natural compound for inhibiting blood sugar

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