JP4020506B2 - Eccentric multi-axis excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an eccentric multi-axis excavator capable of excavating and constructing tunnels having any cross-sectional shape.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With conventional tunnel excavators, in principle, only tunnels with a circular cross section that are wasteful in the height and width direction can be excavated, so when constructing a new tunnel in an underground space with many restrictions such as under a city road. In many cases, it was difficult to effectively use the excavation itself or its underground space.
[0003]
Therefore, recently, a new excavation method called so-called arbitrary section excavation method and an eccentric multi-axis excavator for realizing the method have been proposed. On the other hand, it is possible to excavate and construct an efficient tunnel having an arbitrary cross-sectional shape, and its application is actually planned.
[0004]
The eccentric multi-axis excavator includes a small cutter frame 2 similar to the shield frame 1 on the front surface of the shield frame 1 having a rectangular cross section, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the cutter frame. The cutter support beam 3 is eccentrically connected to the cutter drive shaft 5 via the rotor 4 and connected in a crank shape. The rotor 4 is rotated around the cutter drive shaft 5, and FIG. As shown in (d), the cutter frame 2 is eccentrically rotated at a predetermined radius in the radial direction of the shield frame 1 to excavate and construct a tunnel having a substantially similar (rectangular) cross-sectional shape to the shield frame 1. It is a thing.
[0005]
Accordingly, by using a cutter frame 2 similar to the cross-sectional shape of the shield frame 1 of this eccentric multi-axis excavator, in addition to the rectangular cross-section described above, for example, an elliptical cross-section, an arc-shaped rectangular cross-section, a horseshoe-shaped cross-section , Tunnels with all cross-sectional shapes such as circular cross sections with protrusions can be easily excavated and constructed.
[0006]
Further, the eccentric multiaxial excavator, in addition to possible excavation and construction of tunnels arbitrary cross-sectional shape, that all of the cutter bit 6 provided in the mosquito Ttafuremu 2 is pivoted so as to draw an independent same circular trajectory was Therefore, the wear of each cutter bit 6 is uniform, and since the rotational radius of each cutter bit 6 is small, the rotational torque can be reduced. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Application to a shield frame is also possible.
[0007]
3 and 4, 7 is a bulkhead that partitions the front end of the shield frame 1, 8 is a cutter drive motor that drives each cutter drive shaft 5, 9 is a screw conveyor that takes out excavated earth and sand, and 10 is a segment s. It is an erector for assembling.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the above-described eccentric multi-axis excavator cutter frame 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, various cutters 2a and 2a provided in the cutter frame 2 for projecting and retracting various hydraulic cylinders 16 and chemical injection ports 17 or Sensors (not shown) such as earth pressure gauges are attached. Then, utility lines L such as hydraulic pipes, electric cables, and chemical injection pipes connected to them pass through the guide pipe 11 spanned between the cutter frame 2 and the bulkhead 7 as shown in FIG. The shield frame 1 is extended. That is, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the guide pipe 11 has an end connected to the cutter frame 2 via the bearing 12 and the other end rotatably supported by the shield frame 1. has become from the axial center portion to the pipe rotating drum 13 side to be connected to a position eccentric, the axis of the guide pipe 11 and the cutter pipe rotating drum 13 and follow the movement of the cutter frame 2 is cutter pipe rotating drum 13 By rotating synchronously with the cutter frame 2 around the core, the utility line L is protected and extended toward the cutter frame 2 side.
[0009]
However, the end of the guide pipe 11 is connected to the cutter frame 2 and the cutter pipe rotating drum 13 either directly or via the bearing 12, so that the soil applied to the cutter frame 2 as shown in FIG. The pressure may be directly transmitted to the cutter pipe rotating drum 13 side through the guide pipe 11. As a result, the rotation resistance of the cutter pipe rotating drum 13 is increased, so that the bearing 14 on the cutter pipe rotating drum 13 side or the cutter pipe rotating drum 13 itself may be damaged.
[0010]
Further, when the cutter frame 2 is displaced in the radial direction due to the excavation resistance or the like of the cutter frame 2 during operation, the displacement is directly transmitted to the guide pipe 11 and an unreasonable load is applied to the guide pipe 11. There is also a risk of breakage.
[0011]
Therefore, the present invention has been devised in order to effectively solve such problems, and the object thereof is to prevent damage to the apparatus due to axial and radial displacements generated in the cutter frame, and to cut the cutter piping. A novel eccentric multi-axis excavator capable of accurately rotating a rotating drum synchronously with a cutter frame is provided.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a cutter frame that rotates eccentrically with a predetermined radius at the front of a shield frame, and provides utility lines for various devices of the cutter frame between the shield frame and the cutter frame. in covering a guide pipe so as to rotate to follow the eccentric rotation of the cutter frame, the eccentric multiaxial excavator provided with a cutter pipe rotary drum to eccentrically rotated following the guide pipe to the shield frame side of the guide pipe, The cutter pipe rotating drum is driven by being connected to a cutter driving unit for rotating the cutter frame via a synchronous rotating device.
[0013]
According to this, since the cutter pipe rotating drum can be directly rotated from the cutter driving unit without using the cutter frame as in the prior art by the synchronous rotating device, the guide pipe needs to have rigidity as in the conventional case. No. Accordingly, the earth pressure applied to the cutter frame can be relieved by the guide pipe, and the earth pressure can be prevented from being directly transmitted to the cutter pipe rotating drum side, which is caused by the axial and radial displacement generated in the cutter frame. The apparatus can be prevented from being damaged and the cutter pipe rotating drum can be accurately rotated. Further, since the synchronous rotating device is provided not in the excavated earth and sand side but in the shield frame, the maintenance can be easily performed.
[0014]
Preferably, the guide pipe has a tip end rotatably supported by the cutter frame and a rear end rotatably supported by the cutter pipe rotating drum.
[0015]
Accordingly, the guide pipe can smoothly follow the eccentric rotation without being twisted between the cutter frame rotating eccentrically and the cutter pipe rotating drum.
[0016]
Further, it is preferable that the synchronous rotating device includes an intermediate gear mechanism that connects a rotating drum gear provided in the cutter pipe rotating drum and a driving gear provided in the cutter driving unit.
[0017]
Further, it is preferable that the intermediate gear mechanism has a synchronous gear mechanism that synchronizes the rotation of the cutter frame and the rotation of the cutter pipe rotating drum.
[0018]
The intermediate gear mechanism includes a first rotating gear coupled to the driving gear of the cutter driving unit, and a second rotating gear disposed coaxially with the first rotating gear and coupled to the rotating drum gear of the cutter pipe rotating drum. It is preferable that the gear ratio of the first rotating gear and the second rotating gear is set so that the cutter frame and the cutter pipe rotating drum rotate in synchronization with each other.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a so-called shield excavator among the eccentric multi-axis excavators according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. In the figure, 2 is the above-described cutter frame, 7 is a bulkhead provided in parallel with the cutter frame 2 and provided on the front surface of the shield frame 1, and 15 is a cutter chamber formed between the cutter frame 2 and the bulkhead 7. is there.
[0021]
As shown in the figure, an external support cylinder 20 extending in the axial direction is integrally provided on the bulkhead 7, and a cutter pipe rotating drum 22 is rotatable on an inner peripheral surface of the bulkhead 7 via an external thrust bearing 23 and the like. Is pivotally supported. A cutter frame 2 side of the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 is closed by a closing plate 21. Further, the closing plate 21 of the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 is formed with a flange 24 projecting radially outward, so that the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 is regulated so as not to fall into the bulkhead 7 from the external support cylinder 20. ing. Further, a seal member 25 is provided on the cutter frame 2 side peripheral portion of the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 so that dirt or the like on the cutter chamber 15 side does not enter the gap between the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 and the external support cylinder 20. Is sealed.
[0022]
An eccentric pipe 26 with both ends opened is provided in the external support cylinder 20 of the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 so as to pass through the closing plate 21. The eccentric pipe 26 is rotatably supported in an internal support cylinder 27 fixed at a position off the rotational axis X of the external support cylinder 20 via an internal thrust bearing 28 and the like. The axis Y is positioned eccentrically from the rotation axis X of the external support cylinder 20. In the figure, 29 is a rib for supporting the internal support cylinder 27 from the external support cylinder 20.
[0023]
On the other hand, a guide pipe 30 extending to the bulkhead 7 side is provided on the cutter frame 2 side. The guide pipe 30 is rotatably connected so that the end portion on the cutter frame 2 side communicates with the inside of the cutter frame 2, and the other end portion traverses the cutter chamber 15 obliquely downward to the cutter pipe rotating drum. 22 is extended to the side of an eccentric pipe 26 provided at 22 and is rotatably connected so that both communicate with each other.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2, the guide pipe 30 and the eccentric pipe 26 are connected to each other by a seal member 31 described later, and the edges are cut structurally. According to this, the guide pipe 30, between the cutter frame 2 and the cutter pipe rotary drum 22 rotates eccentrically, it is possible to follow the smooth eccentric rotation without twisting, the axial direction of the guide pipe 30 A slight deviation is allowed.
[0025]
In addition, a convex ring 43 whose inner side in the radial direction protrudes in a tapered shape is provided on the cutter pipe rotary drum 22 side of the joint portion between the guide pipe 30 and the cutter pipe rotary drum 22. Opposite to the convex ring 43, a concave ring 44 whose inner side in the radial direction is tapered forward is provided on the guide pipe 30 side. The concave ring 44 is provided with a seal member 31 that extends to the convex ring 43 and divides the cutter chamber 15 and the guide pipe 30. The seal member 31 has a length longer than the distance between the convex ring 43 and the concave ring 44, and the end of the seal member 31 abuts against the taper portion 45 of the convex ring and is folded back outward in the radial direction. Yes. As the seal member 31 slides, the guide pipe 30 is rotatably connected to the eccentric pipe 26 side, and the guide pipe 30 is allowed to be slightly displaced in the radial direction. The deviation is returned by the elastic force of the seal member 31.
[0026]
A protrusion 46 extending toward the convex ring 43 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the concave ring 43. When the guide pipe 30 is displaced in the radial direction, the protrusion 46 is formed on the convex ring 43. The guide pipe 30 is prevented from coming off from the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 by contact. In addition, you may make it provide the detachment prevention ring 47 extended in the radial inside of the convex ring 43 as shown with a broken line in the inside of the guide pipe 30.
[0027]
With the above configuration, utility lines L such as hydraulic pipes and control cables extending from the bulkhead 7 side are partitioned from the excavated earth and sand side so as to pass through the guide pipe 30 from the eccentric pipe 26 and extend into the cutter frame 2. It has become.
[0028]
A rotating drum gear 35 for rotating the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 is provided along the circumferential direction thereof.
[0029]
As in the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator shown in FIG. 8, a cutter driving unit 32 for eccentrically rotating the cutter frame 2 is provided inside the shield frame 1 and above and below the cutter pipe rotating drum 22. It has been. The cutter drive unit 32 includes a cutter drive shaft 5 and a cutter drive motor 8 that drives the cutter drive shaft 5. The cutter drive shaft 5 is provided with a drive gear 34 that meshes with a motor gear 33 provided on the cutter drive motor 8.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 1, between the upper drive gear 34 of the upper and lower drive gears 34 and the rotary drum gear 35 provided on the cutter pipe rotary drum 22, the cutter pipe rotary drum 22 is connected to the cutter frame 2. A synchronous rotation device 36 is provided for synchronous rotation.
[0031]
The synchronous rotation device 36 includes an intermediate gear mechanism 37 that connects the rotary drum gear 35 and the drive gear 34, and the intermediate gear mechanism 37 synchronizes the rotation of the cutter frame 2 and the rotation of the cutter pipe rotation drum 22. A mechanism 38 is provided.
[0032]
Specifically, the intermediate gear mechanism 37 includes a first rotation gear 39 coupled to the drive gear 34 of the cutter drive unit 32 and the cutter pipe rotation drum 22 disposed on the same rotation shaft 41 as the first rotation gear 39. The second rotating gear 40 is connected to the rotating drum gear 35. The rotating shaft 41 is provided in parallel with the cutter driving shaft 5. The gear ratio between the first rotating gear 39 and the second rotating gear 40 is set so that the cutter frame 2 and the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 rotate in synchronization.
[0033]
That is, the rotation of the drive gear 34 causes the first rotation gear 39 to rotate reversely, and the second rotation gear 40 rotates in the same direction. The rotation of the second rotating gear 40 causes the rotating drum gear 35 to rotate in the same direction as the drive gear 34. The cutter frame 2 and the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 are rotated in the same direction synchronously with the gear ratio.
[0034]
Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
[0035]
The cutter frame 2 positioned in front of the bulkhead 7 is eccentrically rotated with a predetermined radius by the cutter driving unit 32. At the same time, the intermediate gear mechanism 37 is rotated by the rotation of the drive gear 34 of the cutter driving unit 32, and the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 rotates in synchronization with the eccentric rotation of the cutter frame 2. This rotation, eccentric pipe 26 which is journalled eccentrically from its rotational axis X to the cutter pipe rotary drum 22 rotates eccentrically following the eccentric rotation of the cutter frame 2.
[0036]
As a result, the utility line L extending from the bulkhead 7 during the eccentric rotation of the cutter frame 2 is satisfactorily extended into the cutter frame 2 without being adversely affected by unreasonable stress or earth and sand in the cutter chamber 15. .
[0037]
As described above, the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 is directly rotated from the cutter driving unit 32 by the synchronous rotating device 36, so that the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 can be rotated via the cutter frame 2 as in the prior art. It is not necessary. Accordingly, since it is not necessary to make the guide pipe 30 connecting the cutter frame 2 and the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 side as strong as the conventional guide pipe 11, the guide pipe 30 can be formed relatively flexibly. Can be released by the guide pipe 30 and the earth pressure is not directly transmitted to the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 side. Further, since the guide pipe 30 and the eccentric pipe 26 are connected by a seal member 31 and are edged structurally, even when the earth pressure is high, the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 with earth pressure is surely obtained. The transmission to the side can be prevented. As a result, damage to the bearing 14 on the cutter pipe rotating drum 13 side and the cutter pipe rotating drum 22 itself can be prevented.
[0038]
Further, even when the cutter frame 2 is displaced in the radial direction due to the excavation resistance of the cutter frame 2 during operation, the guide pipe 30 is formed relatively flexibly. You can escape without telling. Thereby, damage to the guide pipe 30 itself can be prevented.
[0039]
Furthermore, since the synchronous rotating device 36 is configured by an intermediate gear mechanism 37 provided in the shield frame 2 instead of the excavated earth and sand side, maintenance such as repair and inspection at the time of malfunction can be performed from the inside of the shield frame 2. It can be done easily.
[0040]
In this embodiment, a shield excavator has been described, but a so-called TBM (tunnel boring machine) that does not have a cylindrical shield frame or a complete tunnel is excavated in a groove shape. Of course, the present invention can be similarly applied to an excavator.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the cutter frame due to the cutter frame, applied earth pressure, excavation resistance, and the like can be released by the guide pipe. Accordingly, the stress due to the displacement of the cutter frame is not directly transmitted to the cutter pipe rotating drum side, and it is possible to effectively avoid the adverse effects on the rotating body main body, the bearing portion thereof, the bulk head that supports the rotating body, and the like. Therefore, the apparatus can be prevented from being damaged, and an excellent effect that the cutter pipe rotating drum can be accurately rotated synchronously with the cutter frame is exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part A in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing an example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an operation example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
7 is a front view showing an example of operation of the conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing an arrangement state of utility lines of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an operation state of a guide pipe of a conventional utility line.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an installed state of a conventional utility line guide pipe.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield frame 2 Cutter frame 22 Cutter piping rotation drum 30 Guide pipe 32 Cutter drive part 34 Drive gear 35 Rotation drum gear 36 Synchronous rotation device 37 Intermediate gear mechanism 38 Synchronization gear mechanism 39 First rotation gear 40 Second rotation gear L Utility line

Claims (5)

A cutter frame that rotates eccentrically with a predetermined radius is provided at the front of the shield frame, and a guide pipe that covers the utility line for various equipment of the cutter frame follows the eccentric rotation of the cutter frame between the shield frame and the cutter frame. In the eccentric multi-axis excavator provided with a cutter pipe rotating drum that rotates eccentrically by following the guide pipe on the shield frame side of the guide pipe, the cutter pipe rotating drum is connected to the cutter frame. An eccentric multi-axis excavator characterized in that it is driven by being connected to a rotating cutter driving unit via a synchronous rotating device. The eccentric multi-axis excavator according to claim 1, wherein the guide pipe has a tip end rotatably supported by the cutter frame and a rear end rotatably supported by the cutter pipe rotating drum. The eccentric multi-axis excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the synchronous rotating device includes an intermediate gear mechanism that connects a rotating drum gear provided on the cutter pipe rotating drum and a driving gear provided on the cutter driving unit. The eccentric multi-axis excavator according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate gear mechanism has a synchronous gear mechanism that synchronizes rotation of the cutter frame and rotation of the cutter pipe rotating drum. The intermediate gear mechanism includes a first rotating gear coupled to the driving gear of the cutter driving unit, and a second rotating gear disposed coaxially with the first rotating gear and coupled to the rotating drum gear of the cutter pipe rotating drum. The eccentric multi-axis excavator according to claim 4, wherein a gear ratio between the first rotating gear and the second rotating gear is set so that the cutter frame and the cutter pipe rotating drum rotate in synchronization with each other. .

Images