JPH08199980A - Cutter-changing device of shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To excavate both hard ground and soft ground by one shield machine and extend the excavating length. CONSTITUTION: A disk-roller cutter 31 for excavation of a hard ground and a teeth-cutter 32 for excavation of a soft ground are arranged back to back in a cutter spoke 30 provided in a cutter disk 22. When a torque arm 23a is moved and displaced by a jack 25 for gyration, the center shaft 23 is displaced in the angle and a torque is transmitted from the main bevel gear 26 with more teeth to the driven bevel gear 27 and the cutter suitable for the earth quality can be turned to the working face. The cutter spoke 30 can be fixed by a spoke-fixing device 29.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter bit exchanging device mounted on a cutter disk on the front surface of a shield machine, and more particularly to a cutter exchanging device using a rotary type cutas pork.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield machine is equipped with a cutter bit called a tea scatter on the face side of the front face of a cutter disk for excavating soft ground such as mud and earth and sand, and the cutter disk is rotated to excavate the ground. ing. The cutter wears as the tunnel excavates, and especially if the ground contains sand and gravel, the wear and damage of the cutter bit further progresses. The distance that can be excavated without exchanging the cutter bit is limited to 1 to 2 km. As a measure for extending the life of the cutter bit, a method is known in which a spare cutter bit is attached to the back surface of the cutas pork, and when the initially equipped cutter bit is worn, the cutter bit is rotated to replace the cutter bit. A typical prior art is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-112992. Further, the prior art of exchanging the cutter bit by selectively using the three sides of the cutas pork is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-20597.

Although the tea scatter is excavated by scraping off the soft ground, not only is it impossible to excavate the hard ground sufficiently, but also the wear is severe. Therefore, the cutter disk of the shield machine may be equipped with a disk roller cutter when the soil to be excavated contains a lot of hard gravel. The disc roller cutter is arranged on the front face of the cutter disc so that the traces of the addendum due to the rotation of the cutter disc form concentric circles with a constant pitch, and presses the ground to crush it. The prior art related to the disc roller cutter is, for example, Japanese Patent Publication 6-
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 1037.

FIG. 7 shows the structure of the prior art disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-165395. The cutter disk 2 on the front surface of the shield body 1 is rotationally driven to excavate the ground in front. The cutter disk 2 is rotatable around the center shaft 3. The center shaft 3 is connected to the torque arm 3 a via a rotary joint 4. When the torque arm 3a is pivotally displaced by the pivot jack 5, the center shaft 3 is angularly displaced about the central axis. A main bevel gear 6 is mounted on the center shaft 3 near the tip thereof, and transmits a rotational driving force to a sub-bevel gear 7. The rotary shaft 28 of the secondary bevel gear 7 is parallel to the front surface of the cutter disk 2 and perpendicular to the axis of the center shaft 3. The rotary shaft 8 is provided with spoke fixing devices 9 that prevent rotational displacement. The cuttus pork 10 connected to the rotary shaft 8 has a cutter bit 11 on the front side and a cutter bit 11 on the back side, respectively.
12 are provided. These cutter bits 11 and 12 are tea cutters for soft ground.

On the back side of the cutter disk 2, the chamber 1
3 is formed, and a core ring 14 that houses the main bevel gear 6 and the sub-bevel gear 7 is provided near the center. A support member 15 that pivotally supports the center shaft 3 is provided on the back side of the core ring 14. A partition 16 for hermetically sealing the chamber 13 is provided in the rotary joint 4. A manhole 17 is provided for an operator to enter and leave the chamber 13 through the partition 16. A water supply pipe 18 and the like are inserted through the partition wall 16.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VII in FIG.
The sectional view seen from I is shown. A cutter bit 11 is mounted on one surface of the cutter spoke 10, and a cutter bit 12 is mounted on the back side thereof. 180 cutter spokes 10
By changing the angle, the cutter bit 12 faces the front side and is used for excavation, and the cutter bit 11 faces the back side, so that the cutter bit can be replaced.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The ground on which a shield machine excavates a tunnel is not only soft ground such as mud and earth, but also hard ground such as rock.
Nodules may be mixed in the soft ground. If the cutter disc and the disc roller cutter are mixed in the cutter disc, excavation is possible even if the soil quality changes over a wide range. However, due to a hard nodule or the like, the wear of the tea scatter becomes severe, and when the soft mud or the like is dug, the disk roller cutter is easily clogged and it becomes difficult to rotate freely. When the hard ground is excavated by the disc roller cutter in a state where it is difficult to rotate freely, the outer periphery of the disc roller cutter is not uniformly worn, but only a specific outer peripheral portion is worn. The disk roller cutter is expected to have a certain life due to uniform wear over the entire circumference while rotating, but if the wear is uneven, the life will be significantly shorter than the expected life. further,
If both the hard ground such as rock and the soft ground such as mud and earth and sand are mixed to the same extent, the cutter bit will be worn out severely just by arranging the cutter bits for both grounds on the cutter disk. Further, the area for the cutting face in front of the cutter disk cannot be effectively used for excavation, and the excavation efficiency is reduced. For this reason, it is necessary to selectively use a shield excavator for soft ground having only the tea cutter and a shield excavator for hard ground having only the disc roller cutter.

The object of the present invention is to allow a single machine to excavate a tunnel even if both hard soil such as bedrock and soft soil such as mud and earth appear in a single construction section.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutter exchanging device for a shield machine, which can increase the distance of the excavation.

[0009]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a cutter exchanging device of a shield machine for rotating a cutlass pork provided on a cutter disk for exchanging a cutter, wherein a hard ground cutter is provided on one surface of the cutas pork, A soft ground cutter is provided on the other side of the cutter spoke, and the Kattus pork is rotated so that either the hard ground cutter or the soft ground cutter faces the cutting face, depending on the soil quality of the ground to be dug. A cutter exchanging device for a shield machine. Further, the hard ground cutter of the present invention is a disk roller cutter, and the soft ground cutter is a tea cutter, and is provided on a plurality of surfaces of the cutas pork.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the hard ground cutter is provided on one surface of the cutas pork, and the soft ground cutter is provided on the other surface thereof. The cutter spoke is rotated so that either the hard ground cutter or the soft ground cutter faces the cutting face, depending on the soil quality of the ground to be dug. Since the cutter suitable for the soil quality is directed toward the face, the ground can be efficiently excavated. Since the cutter that does not match the soil quality does not face the cutting face, it is possible to suppress wear and extend the service life.

Further, according to the present invention, when excavating the hard ground, the rock and the like are crushed by using the disc roller cutter, and when the soft ground is excavated, the mud and earth and sand are scratched by using the tea cutter. take. Since the tea cutter is smaller than the disc roller cutter, it can be arranged on a plurality of surfaces of the Katta pork, and can be replaced a plurality of times to further prolong the service life.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. A cutter disk 22 is arranged on the front surface of the shield body 21 of the shield machine. The cutter disk 22 is rotatable about the central axis of the shield body 21. A center shaft 23 connected to the center of the cutter disk 22 is connected to a torque arm 23 a via a rotary joint 24. The torque arm 23 a is pivotally displaced about the axis of the center shaft 23 by the turning jack 25. The swing displacement of the torque arm 23a is
The center shaft 23 is angularly displaced, and the angular displacement torque is transmitted to the secondary bevel gear 27 via the main bevel gear 26 at the tip thereof. The number of teeth of the main bevel gear 26 is 3 of the number of teeth of the sub-bevel gear 27.
It is twice. When the torque arm 23a is angularly displaced by 60 degrees by the turning jack 25, the bevel gear 27 moves 180 degrees.
It will be displaced by an angle.

The auxiliary bevel gear 27 has a center shaft 23.
A rotary shaft 28, which is perpendicular to the axis of and extends in the radial direction, is connected. A spoke fixing device 29 is provided in the middle of the rotary shaft 28. The rotating shaft 28 is connected to the Katta spoke 30 radially outward. A disk roller cutter 31 and a teeth cutter 32 are arranged on the cutter spoke 30 in parallel with the axis. Disc roller cutter 3
The side where 1 is provided and the side where the tea cutter 32 is provided are back-to-back, and the types of cutters directed to the face 22a can be exchanged by displacing the Kattus pork 30 by 180 degrees.

A chamber 33 behind the cutter disk 22
On the side, the core ring 34 is provided at the center, and the main bevel gear 2
6 and the sub-bevel gear 27 are stored. The center shaft 23 extending rearward from the main bevel gear 26 is pivotally supported by the support member 35. In the vicinity of the rotary joint 24, the chamber 33 is airtightly partitioned by the partition wall 36. The partition wall 36 is provided with a manhole 37 for workers to enter and leave. In addition, the water pipe 3 for sending water into the chamber 33
8 and the like are also inserted through the partition wall 36. In addition, cutass pork 3
The operating state of the spoke fixing device 29 that fixes 0 is detected by the position sensor 39.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the cutass pork 30 taken along section line II-II of FIG. Cutter spoke 3
A disk roller cutter 31 for pressing and crushing a hard rock or the like is provided on one side of 0, and a tea scatter 32 for scraping off soft mud or earth and sand is provided on the back side thereof. By displacing the cutter spokes 30 at an angle of 180 degrees, either the disc roller cutter 31 or the teeth cutter 32 can be directed toward the face 22a, and the other cutter is located on the back side farthest from the face 22a. Can be turned. As a result, the face side 22
A cutter suitable for the soil quality can be directed to a, and a cutter not suitable for the soil quality can be farthest from the face 22a.

FIG. 3 shows a structure for angularly displacing the center shaft 23 by the turning jack 25 as viewed from the right side of FIG. The tip of the cylinder rod of the turning jack 25 engages with an elongated hole provided at the tip of the torque arm 23a. When the turning jack 25 expands and contracts, the torque arm 23a swings by θ0. Due to the swing displacement of the torque arm 23a, the center shaft 23 is angularly displaced by θ0. This angular displacement is
The main bevel gear 26 and the sub-bevel gear 27 shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional structure of the spoke fixing device 29 taken along the section line IV-IV in FIG. Rotating shaft 28
A parallel flat part 28 a is formed on the flat part 28 a.
If the fixed stopper 40 is inserted while a is oriented in the axial direction of the shield body 21, the rotation of the rotary shaft 28 can be stopped. The fixed stopper 40 can be displaced in the axial direction of the shield body 21 by the fixing jacks 41 and 42. In order to securely fix the fixed stopper 40 and the rotary shaft 28, backup springs 43 and 44 are provided, and the fixed stopper 40 is normally fixed to the rotary shaft 28. The fixed stopper 40 is moved by the stroke detection rod 4
Detected by 5. Further, as described above, the position of the fixed stopper 40 is also detected by the position sensor 39 shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a state as viewed from the section line VV in FIG. In the present embodiment, since the rotary shaft 28 is adapted to make an angular displacement of 180 degrees, a flat surface 28a parallel to the rotary shaft 28 is formed, and either the disc roller cutter 31 or the tea scatter 32 faces the face 22a. Even if facing, it can be securely fixed by fitting it into the U-shaped groove of the fixed stopper 40.

FIG. 6 shows, as another embodiment of the present invention, a row of disk roller cutters 31 on a cutas pork 50.
And a configuration in which a plurality of rows of tea cutters 32a and 32b are provided. Direction 51 in which the disc roller cutter 31 faces
And the tea cutter 32a and the tea cutter 32b
Angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 are set so as to deviate from the directions 52 and 53 facing each other by 180 degrees. The shield machine can excavate while originally excavating the soft ground and assembling the segments to complete the tunnel. Face 22a of the cutter disk 22
If all the tea scatters 32a and 32b are used, it is possible to efficiently excavate the soft ground, and since the plural rows of tea scatters 32a and 32b are provided, it is possible to operate for a longer distance.

In the embodiment described above, the turning jack 25 rotates the Kattus spokes 30 and 50, but it is also possible to directly generate the rotational torque by a hydraulic or electric actuator.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the cutlass pork provided on the cutter disk is rotated according to the soil condition of the ground to be dug, and either the hard ground cutter or the soft ground cutter has a cutting face. It can be exchanged so that it faces away. The excavation efficiency can be improved by using a cutter suitable for the soil quality of the ground. Since the cutter that does not match the soil quality does not face the cutting face side, it is possible to avoid wear and prolong the service life.

Further, according to the present invention, a disk roller cutter is used for hard ground and a tea cutter for soft ground. Since the tea cutter is smaller than the disc roller cutter, it can be placed on multiple surfaces of the Kattas pork and can be replaced multiple times, which can prolong the service life mainly when excavating soft ground. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the cutass pork viewed from the section line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view related to the turning jack 25 as viewed from the right side of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the spoke fixing device 29 taken along the section line IV-IV in FIG.

5 is a sectional view of the spoke fixing device 29 taken along the section line VV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a cutas pork according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional cutter exchanging device.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the Kattus pork as seen from the section line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21 Shield Main Body 22 Cutter Disc 22a Face Face 23 Center Shaft 23a Torque Arm 24 Rotary Joint 25 Rotating Jack 26 Main Bevel Gear 27 Secondary Bevel Gear 28 Rotation Shaft 29 Spoke Fixing Device 30, 50 Cutter Spoke 31 Disc Roller Cutter 32, 32a 32b Tea scatter 39 Position sensor

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cutter exchanging device of a shield machine for rotating a cutter disk, which is provided on a cutter disc, for exchanging a cutter, wherein a hard ground cutter is provided on one surface of the cutter spoke and another surface of the cutter spoke is provided on the other surface. A cutter for soft ground is deployed, and depending on the soil quality of the ground to be dug, a shield excavator characterized by rotating the Katta's spoke so that either the hard ground cutter or the soft ground cutter faces the cutting face. Cutter exchange device. 2. The hard ground cutter is a disc roller cutter, and the soft ground cutter is a tea cutter and is provided on a plurality of surfaces of a cutas pork. Cutter exchange device for shield machine.