JP4019400B2 - High pressure sodium lamp for insect repellent - Google Patents
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、果樹園等における害虫忌避あるいは食品工場等における昆虫制御等として使用される防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプの改良に関し、特に、ランプ外球の表面に形成される被膜の改良に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
果樹園や施設園芸等の農業分野において、果実等に取り付く昆虫類又は害虫は農薬により駆除したり、昆虫類の走光性を利用した光放射による物理的制御方法により駆除している。
又、夜間営業を行なう郊外レストラン、ガソリンスタンド、パチンコ店、あるいは食品工場、製薬工場等のように昆虫類の飛来を防止する必要がある店舗等の外周照明用光源として、防虫用ランプが用いられている。
【０００３】
従来、果樹園等の夜蛾類の防虫（忌避）用ランプとして、波長５００〜７００ｎｍの可視を放出する黄色蛍光ランプが用いられている。これは、波長５００〜７００ｎｍの放射は夜蛾類の飛来数を減少させ、その吸害活動を低下させる効果はある。一方、５００ｎｍ未満の放射は夜蛾類以外の多くの害虫を誘引するため、この種の忌避灯には前記黄色蛍光ランプが使用される。
しかし、夜行性の果樹カメムシ類としてのチャバネアオカメムシは、５５０ｎｍ未満の放射により誘引され、かつ５７０〜６２０ｎｍの放射により吸害活動が低下することが明らかとなった。
【０００４】
そこで、特許第２６６３４７３号公報に開示されているように、蛍光ランプのガラス管の内面に特定の蛍光体を被着し、かつ外面に５５０ｎｍ未満の放射を吸収する熱可塑性樹脂チューブを密着被覆した害虫類の防除用蛍光ランプが提案されている。
【０００５】
一方、施設園芸分野における害虫駆除も農薬を用いることなく、昆虫類の天敵を利用したり、昆虫類の誘引物質としてのフェロモンによる交信撹乱技術が研究されている。
しかし、天敵を利用する方法では、生態系に変化が生じる可能性と共にコストの問題があり、また、フェロモンを利用する方法の場合、広範囲に一括して設置しなければ効果が少ないという問題がある。
そして、何れの方法でも昆虫類又は害虫の種類によって、対応する天敵あるいはフェロモンが異なるので、実用化上問題がある。
【０００６】
そこで、果樹園のほかに施設園芸分野でも黄色蛍光ランプにより、害虫を駆除することが考えられている。
これは、前記した方法と比較して、取扱いが容易で安全性が高いので、果樹園の他に花や野菜の害虫駆除の方法として露地栽培の範囲まで利用することが可能となっている。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、露地栽培等の施設園芸分野において、汎用ランプである４０Ｗの黄色蛍光ランプを用いる場合、害虫駆除として有効な明るさ（１〜２ルックス）を得るために、１０アール当たり７〜１０灯の照明灯を建柱しなければならず、そのための設備費が高額になるという問題がある。
そこで、設備費等のトータルコストを低減するため、防虫用ランプとして高圧水銀ランプや高圧ナトリウムランプ等の高輝度放電灯を採用することを検討した。そして、特に、高圧ナトリウムランプは波長５００〜７００ｎｍの放射出力が大きいので、防虫効果が大きいことを確認した。
【０００８】
さらに、前記したカメムシ等を含めた昆虫類の飛来を防止するために、特許第２６６３４７３号公報に開示されていると同様に、高圧ナトリウムランプの外球の外面に５５０ｎｍ未満の放射を吸収する熱可塑性樹脂チューブを密着被覆して防虫用ランプを製作することが考えられる。
これは、高圧ナトリウムランプ（例えば、２２０Ｗ定格ランプＮＨ２２０ＦＬＳ）を用いる場合、１〜２ルックスの明るさを得るために、１０アール当たり１灯の照明灯を用いれば４０Ｗの熱可塑性樹脂チューブを被覆した黄色蛍光ランプと同様な、防虫効果が得られるからである。
【０００９】
そこで、前記の高圧ナトリウムランプ（ＮＨ２２０ＦＬＳ）の外面に熱可塑性樹脂チューブとしてのプラスチックフィルムを被覆することを検討したが、当該フィルムの許容温度は１２０℃前後であり、ランプ点灯中の表面温度が１９０〜２００℃程度になるこの種ランプでは、耐熱性の点で使用することは不可能であるということが判明した。
本発明は前記に鑑みてなされたもので、防虫用ランプとして黄色蛍光ランプと比較して発光効率が良好な高輝度放電灯を用い、特に、昆虫類の制御に有効な波長を多く放射する高圧ナトリウムランプを使用すると共に、波長５５０ｎｍ未満の放射を遮断することが可能な耐熱性の大きい混合被膜を被着することにより、昆虫類を確実に制御あるいは忌避することができる防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプを提供することを目的とする。
また、被膜の種類及び特性を選定し、かつ混合比を特定の範囲に選定することにより、被膜による光束低下という影響を小さくして、光の透過率を維持することができ、発光特性が良好な防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプを提供することを目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、透光性アルミナ管の両端に電極を封着し、内部に不活性ガスとナトリウムと水銀とが封入された発光管と、該発光管を収納する端部に口金を有する外球とよりなり、該外球の表面に、耐熱性を有するシリコン樹脂あるいはフッ素樹脂と黄色顔料を混合して生成した被膜を形成し、さらにシリコン樹脂あるいはフッ素樹脂と黄色顔料の混合比は、重量比で８０：２０〜９０：１０であり、波長５５０ｎｍ未満の放射を遮断することを特徴とする。また、本発明は、透光性アルミナ管の両端に電極を封着し、内部に不活性ガスとナトリウムと水銀とが封入された発光管と、該発光管を収納する端部に口金を有する外球とよりなり、該外球の表面に、耐熱性を有するシリコン樹脂あるいはフッ素樹脂と黄色顔料を混合して生成した被膜を形成し、さらにシリコン樹脂あるいはフッ素樹脂と、黄色顔料の混合比は、重量比で８０：２０〜９０：１０であり、波長５５０ｎｍ以下の放射を低減し、かつ波長５４０ｎｍ以下の放射を遮断することを特徴とする。さらに、前記被膜はシリコン樹脂あるいはフッ素樹脂と、黄色顔料とを所定の混合比で生成することにより、可視放射領域の全透過率が８５％以上であることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づき説明する。
図１は高圧ナトリウムランプの側面図であり、図中１は透光性アルミナよりなり発光管であり、両端には内部に電極を固定したニオビウム製の電極支持管が貫通固定され、管内には不活性ガスとしてのキセノンガスとナトリウムおよび水銀が封入されている。このような発光管１は一端に口金２を固定した硬質ガラス製の外球３内に収納され、外球３内のガラスステム４に埋設された一対の支柱５，６を介して保持されている。
【００１２】
外球の内面には酸化アルミニウム（アルミナ）と二酸化ケイ素（シリカ）よりなる拡散膜７が被着され、かつ外面には耐熱性が大きいシリコン樹脂と黄色顔料および有機溶剤を特定の範囲で混合して生成した被膜８が形成されている。
ここで、黄色被膜は、シリコン変性アクリル樹脂と透明性の黄色顔料とアルコール系溶剤等の有機溶剤とを混合して塗布液を生成し、外球の外面にスプレーにより塗布して、一定の温度で焼き付け、乾燥して形成する。ここで、黄色顔料は住友化学(株)製「ＳＰ・Ｆ−１０４」を使用している。
なお、前記シリコン樹脂と黄色顔料との混合比は、重量比で８７：１３であり、８０：２０〜９０：１０の場合に良好な特性が得られる。
又、前記耐熱性の大きいシリコン樹脂の許容温度は２００℃以上であり、ランプ点灯中の温度に充分耐えうるものである。
【００１３】
図２は、本発明に係る高圧ナトリウムランプ（ＮＨ２２０ＦＬＳ−Ｙ）の分光分布特性図であり、昆虫の視感度曲線と共に図示する。
図から明らかなように、本発明に係るランプは波長５５０ｎｍ以下の放射を低減してほぼ遮断し、波長５４０ｎｍ以下の放射を完全に遮断している。
一方、昆虫の視感度は紫外放射領域の３６５ｎｍの波長をピークに可視放射領域の５７０ｎｍ付近まで存在するが、本発明に係るランプによりほとんどの種類の昆虫類、害虫を制御、忌避することができる。
【００１４】
次に、実験例について説明する。
前記のように構成した本発明に係る防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプ（ＮＨ２２０ＦＬＳ−Ｙ＝No.１）と、ランプ電力を小さくした前記と同様なランプ（ＮＨ１８０ＦＬＳ−Ｙ＝No.２）及びＮＨ１１０ＦＬＳ−Ｙ＝No.３）、並びに比較例として、外球の外面に黄色被膜を形成する前の一般照明用の２種類のランプ（No.４，No.５No.６）の特性測定値を表１に示す。
（以下、余白）
【００１５】
【表１】
【００１６】
表１に示すように、２２０Ｗのランプでは、防虫用ランプ（No.１）は一般用ランプ（No.４）と比較して、光束値で２３００ｌｍ低下した。これは、光透過率は約１０％低下したが、この低下は許容しうる範囲であり、防虫効果の低減は認められない。
また、１８０Ｗのランプでは、防虫用ランプ（No.２）は一般用ランプ（No.５）と比較して、光束値で１２００ｌｍ低下した。これは、光透過率は約１２％低下したが、この低下は許容しうる範囲であり、防虫効果の低減は認められない。
さらに、１１０Ｗのランプでは、防虫用ランプ（No.３）は一般用ランプ（No.６）と比較して、光束値で１５００ｌｍ低下した。これは、光透過率は約８％低下したが、この低下は許容しうる範囲であり、防虫効果の低減は認められない。
なお、一般照明用４０Ｗ蛍光ランプの場合、光束値は３０００ｌｍであるのに対して、比較例としての４０Ｗ黄色蛍光ランプの光束値は１９７０ｌｍまで低下し、光透過率の低下は約３４％となる。
一方、各防虫用ランプ共に色温度が小さくなっているが、これは、防虫効果を上げるために、より黄色光が多く放射されるように構成した結果であり、一般照明用として用いないので、特に支障はない。
【００１７】
更に、本発明に係る防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプを用いて、露地試験した結果について説明する。
サツマイモの葉を食害とするハスモンヨトウの被害は、試験期間（９月頃）が遅れたのにもかかわらず、対照区では１００％の被害率であるのに対して、試験区では５７％の率に止まった。このことは、サツマイモの成長初期の時期から防虫ランプを用いれば、ハスモンヨトウによる被害をほぼ１００％抑制することができるものと推定できる。
【００１８】
前記実施例では、黄色被膜の材料として、シリコン樹脂について説明したが、耐熱性が大きいフッ素樹脂と黄色顔料との混合物を用いても、５５０ｎｍ未満の放射を遮断する効果があるばかりか、シリコン樹脂と比べて耐熱性が大きく、許容温度は２６０℃以上あるので、定格電力が大きく、点灯中の表面温度がより高くなる高圧ナトリウムランプの被膜として用いることができる。
又、本発明に係る黄色被膜は波長５５０ｎｍ未満の放射を遮断でき、特に前記混合比では波長５５０ｎｍ以下の放射をほぼゼロに近づくように低減でき、かつ波長５４０ｎｍ以下の放射を完全に遮断できる。
このことは、波長５５０ｎｍ以下の放射を完全に遮断するには、例えば、５７０ｎｍ以下の放射を低減し、５５０ｎｍ以下の放射を完全に遮断できるような黄色被膜材料を選定し、その混合比等を規定すればよいといえる。
【００１９】
更に、本発明に係る黄色被膜はその材料及び混合比等を選定することにより、ランプの透過率を８５％以上確保することができるものであり、ランプ寿命末期の光束維持率の低下を加味しても、一般照明用ランプと同様に、所定の寿命特性を維持することができる。
そして、本発明で対象とする昆虫類とは、果樹、作物、花等の植物に対し、飛来したり、取り付いたりする害虫、夜蛾のみならず、光の走光性反応により襲来する昆虫類をいう。
【００２０】
次に、各種高輝度放電灯を用いて野外試験を行ない、一般昆虫の誘虫率を測定した結果を表２に示す。
表２は定格１００Ｗの蛍光水銀ランプを点灯した場合の一般昆虫の誘引（誘虫）率を１００％（基準）として、各ランプの等光束における誘虫率を測定した。
【００２１】
【表２】
表２に示すように、本発明に係る防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプは、害虫駆除のみならず、昆虫類の制御方法としても有効であることがわかる。
従って、夜間営業を行なうレストラン、ガソリンスタンドあるいはパチンコ店等の防虫対策用ランプとして有効であり、又、製造物への昆虫類の混入問題に苦慮している食品工場や製薬工場等の外周照明あるいは防虫を主目的とするランプとして用いることにより、昆虫類あるいは害虫の制御が可能となる。
更に、自然環境保全を目的として、山間地等で道路照明等により不要に昆虫類を誘引しないよう、生態系の保全用ランプとしても利用することができる。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明は防虫用ランプとして発光効率が良好で昆虫類の制御に有効な波長を多く放射する高圧ナトリウムランプを使用し、かつ耐熱性の大きい混合被膜を被着して波長５５０ｎｍ未満の放射を完全に遮断することができるので、害虫を含む昆虫類を確実に制御あるいは忌避することができるという利点がある。
又、ランプの被膜の種類及び特性を選定し、かつ混合比を特定の範囲に選定することにより、光の透過率の低下を小さくして、良好な発光特性および寿命特性を維持することができるという利点がある。
そして、この防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプの用途は、害虫の制御を目的とする果樹園等の農業分野や施設園芸分野、あるいは昆虫類の制御、忌避を目的とする店舗、工場等の防虫用ランプ、さらに、山間地等の自然環境保全を主目的とする地域でも利用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る防虫用高圧ナトリウムランプの側面図である。
【図２】同じく本発明に係るランプの分光分布を及び昆虫の視感度特性を示す特性図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 発光管
２ 口金
３ 外球
４ 外球マウント
５，６ 支柱
７ 拡散膜
８ 黄色被膜[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of a high-pressure sodium lamp for insect repelling used as an insect pest repellent in an orchard or an insect control in a food factory or the like, and more particularly to an improvement of a film formed on the surface of a lamp bulb.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the field of agriculture such as orchards and greenhouse horticulture, insects or pests that attach to fruits are controlled by pesticides or by physical control methods using light radiation utilizing the phototaxis of insects.
Insect-proof lamps are used as light sources for peripheral lighting in suburban restaurants, gas stations, pachinko stores, food factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. that need to prevent insects from flying. ing.
[0003]
Conventionally, yellow fluorescent lamps that emit visible light having a wavelength of 500 to 700 nm have been used as insect repellent (repellent) lamps for night owls such as orchards. This is because radiation having a wavelength of 500 to 700 nm has an effect of reducing the number of night mosquitoes flying and reducing its absorptive activity. On the other hand, since the radiation of less than 500 nm attracts many pests other than night moths, the yellow fluorescent lamp is used for this type of repellent lamp.
However, it has been clarified that the chaver bug as a nocturnal fruit tree stink bug is attracted by radiation of less than 550 nm and its absorptive activity is reduced by radiation of 570 to 620 nm.
[0004]
Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2663473, a specific phosphor is deposited on the inner surface of the glass tube of the fluorescent lamp, and a thermoplastic resin tube that absorbs radiation of less than 550 nm is tightly coated on the outer surface. Fluorescent lamps for pest control have been proposed.
[0005]
On the other hand, pest control in the field of horticultural horticulture has been researched using a natural enemy of insects without using pesticides, and a communication disruption technique using a pheromone as an attractant for insects.
However, the method of using natural enemies has a problem of cost as well as the possibility of changes in the ecosystem, and the method of using pheromones has a problem that it is less effective if it is not installed in a wide area. .
In either method, the corresponding natural enemy or pheromone differs depending on the kind of insects or pests, which causes a problem in practical use.
[0006]
Therefore, in addition to orchards, in the field of horticulture, it is considered to eliminate pests with yellow fluorescent lamps.
Since this is easy to handle and high in safety as compared with the method described above, it can be used up to the field of open-air cultivation as a method for exterminating flowers and vegetables in addition to orchards.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the field of horticulture such as outdoor cultivation, when a 40W yellow fluorescent lamp, which is a general-purpose lamp, is used, 7-10 lights per 10 ares to obtain brightness (1-2 lux) effective for pest control. There is a problem in that lighting lamps must be erected and the equipment costs for that are high.
Therefore, in order to reduce the total cost of equipment, etc., we examined the use of high-intensity discharge lamps such as high-pressure mercury lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps as insect-proof lamps. In particular, the high-pressure sodium lamp has a large radiation output at a wavelength of 500 to 700 nm, so that it has been confirmed that the insect-repellent effect is large.
[0008]
Further, in order to prevent insects including the stink bugs and the like from flying, heat that absorbs radiation of less than 550 nm on the outer surface of the outer bulb of the high-pressure sodium lamp is disclosed, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2663473. It is conceivable to manufacture insect-proof lamps by closely covering a plastic resin tube.
This is because when a high-pressure sodium lamp (for example, 220W rated lamp NH220FLS) is used, in order to obtain a brightness of 1 to 2 lux, a 40 W thermoplastic resin tube is coated if one illumination lamp per 10 ares is used. This is because the same insect repellent effect as that of the yellow fluorescent lamp can be obtained.
[0009]
Therefore, it was examined that the outer surface of the high-pressure sodium lamp (NH220FLS) was coated with a plastic film as a thermoplastic resin tube. The allowable temperature of the film was around 120 ° C., and the surface temperature during lamp operation was 190 ° C. It has been found that this kind of lamp having a temperature of about 200 ° C. cannot be used in terms of heat resistance.
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and uses a high-intensity discharge lamp having good luminous efficiency as compared with a yellow fluorescent lamp as an insect-proof lamp, and in particular, a high-pressure radiation that emits many wavelengths effective for controlling insects. A high-pressure sodium lamp for insect repellent that can control or avoid insects reliably by using a sodium lamp and applying a highly heat-resistant mixed coating capable of blocking radiation with a wavelength of less than 550 nm The purpose is to provide.
In addition, by selecting the type and characteristics of the coating, and selecting the mixing ratio within a specific range, the effect of reducing the luminous flux due to the coating can be reduced, the light transmittance can be maintained, and the light emission characteristics are good. An object is to provide a high-pressure sodium lamp for insect repellent.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to an arc tube in which electrodes are sealed at both ends of a translucent alumina tube, and an inert gas, sodium and mercury are enclosed therein, and an outer bulb having a base at an end portion for housing the arc tube A film formed by mixing a heat-resistant silicone resin or fluororesin and a yellow pigment is formed on the surface of the outer sphere, and the mixing ratio of the silicone resin or fluororesin and the yellow pigment is a weight ratio. 80:20 to 90:10, which is characterized by blocking radiation having a wavelength of less than 550 nm. Further, the present invention has a light emitting tube in which electrodes are sealed at both ends of a translucent alumina tube, and an inert gas, sodium and mercury are enclosed therein, and a base is provided at an end portion for housing the light emitting tube. A coating formed by mixing a heat-resistant silicone resin or fluororesin with a yellow pigment is formed on the surface of the outer sphere, and the mixing ratio of the silicone resin or fluororesin and the yellow pigment is The weight ratio is 80:20 to 90:10 , and it is characterized by reducing radiation having a wavelength of 550 nm or less and blocking radiation having a wavelength of 540 nm or less. Further, the coating film is characterized in that the total transmittance in the visible radiation region is 85% or more by producing a silicon resin or fluororesin and a yellow pigment in a predetermined mixing ratio.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a high-pressure sodium lamp. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a light-emitting tube made of translucent alumina. Niobium electrode support tubes having electrodes fixed inside are penetrated and fixed at both ends. Xenon gas as an inert gas, sodium and mercury are enclosed. Such an arc tube 1 is housed in a hard glass
[0012]
A diffusion film 7 made of aluminum oxide (alumina) and silicon dioxide (silica) is deposited on the inner surface of the outer sphere, and a silicon resin having a high heat resistance, a yellow pigment and an organic solvent are mixed in a specific range on the outer surface. Thus, the produced coating 8 is formed.
Here, the yellow coating is formed by mixing a silicone-modified acrylic resin, a transparent yellow pigment, and an organic solvent such as an alcohol solvent to form a coating solution, which is applied to the outer surface of the outer sphere by spraying at a constant temperature. Bake in and dry to form. Here, “SP • F-104” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. is used as the yellow pigment.
The mixing ratio of the silicone resin and the yellow pigment is 87:13 by weight, and good characteristics are obtained when the ratio is 80:20 to 90:10.
Further, the allowable temperature of the silicon resin having high heat resistance is 200 ° C. or more, and can sufficiently withstand the temperature during lamp operation.
[0013]
FIG. 2 is a spectral distribution characteristic diagram of a high-pressure sodium lamp (NH220FLS-Y) according to the present invention, which is shown together with insect visibility curves.
As is apparent from the figure, the lamp according to the present invention substantially cuts off radiation with a wavelength of 550 nm or less, and completely cuts off radiation with a wavelength of 540 nm or less.
On the other hand, the visual sensitivity of insects exists up to about 570 nm in the visible radiation region with a peak at a wavelength of 365 nm in the ultraviolet radiation region, but most kinds of insects and pests can be controlled and avoided by the lamp according to the present invention. .
[0014]
Next, experimental examples will be described.
The high-pressure sodium lamp for insect control (NH220FLS-Y = No. 1) according to the present invention configured as described above, the same lamp (NH180FLS-Y = No. 2) and NH110FLS-Y = Table 1 shows the characteristic measurement values of two types of lamps for general illumination (No. 4, No. 5, No. 6) before forming a yellow film on the outer surface of the outer sphere as No. 3) and a comparative example. .
(Hereinafter, blank space)
[0015]
[Table 1]
[0016]
As shown in Table 1, in the 220 W lamp, the insect-proof lamp (No. 1) was reduced by 2300 lm in the luminous flux value as compared with the general lamp (No. 4). This is because the light transmittance is reduced by about 10%, but this reduction is in an acceptable range, and no reduction in insect repellent effect is observed.
In the 180 W lamp, the insect-proof lamp (No. 2) was reduced by 1200 lm in light flux value compared to the general lamp (No. 5). This is because the light transmittance decreased by about 12%, but this decrease is in an acceptable range, and a reduction in the insect repellent effect is not recognized.
Further, in the 110 W lamp, the insect-proof lamp (No. 3) was reduced by 1500 lm in terms of the luminous flux value compared with the general lamp (No. 6). This is because the light transmittance decreased by about 8%, but this decrease is in an acceptable range, and a reduction in the insect repellent effect is not recognized.
In the case of a 40 W fluorescent lamp for general illumination, the luminous flux value is 3000 lm, whereas the luminous flux value of a 40 W yellow fluorescent lamp as a comparative example is reduced to 1970 lm, and the decrease in light transmittance is about 34%. .
On the other hand, although the color temperature of each insect repellent lamp is small, this is a result of being configured to emit more yellow light in order to increase the insect repellent effect, and is not used for general lighting. There is no particular problem.
[0017]
Furthermore, the result of the outdoor test using the insecticidal high pressure sodium lamp according to the present invention will be described.
The damage caused by the sweet potato leaves that eat the leaves of sweet potatoes is 100% in the control area, but 57% in the test area, despite the delay in the test period (around September). Stopped. From this, it can be estimated that if insect repellent lamps are used from the early stage of sweet potato growth, damage caused by Spodoptera litura can be suppressed almost 100%.
[0018]
In the above embodiment, the silicon resin has been described as the material for the yellow film. However, the use of a mixture of a fluororesin having a high heat resistance and a yellow pigment has an effect of blocking radiation of less than 550 nm. Compared to the above, the heat resistance is larger and the allowable temperature is 260 ° C. or higher, so that it can be used as a coating for a high-pressure sodium lamp with a large rated power and a higher surface temperature during lighting.
Further, the yellow film according to the present invention can block radiation having a wavelength of less than 550 nm, and particularly at the mixing ratio, radiation having a wavelength of 550 nm or less can be reduced to be nearly zero, and radiation having a wavelength of 540 nm or less can be completely blocked.
This means that, in order to completely block radiation at a wavelength of 550 nm or less, for example, a yellow film material that can reduce radiation at 570 nm or less and completely block radiation at 550 nm or less is selected, and the mixing ratio thereof is set. It can be said that it should be specified.
[0019]
Furthermore, the yellow film according to the present invention can secure the transmittance of the lamp by 85% or more by selecting the material and the mixing ratio, etc. In consideration of the decrease in the luminous flux maintenance factor at the end of the lamp life. However, like the general illumination lamp, the predetermined life characteristics can be maintained.
The insects targeted in the present invention are not only insects that fly or attach to plants such as fruit trees, crops, flowers, etc., but also insects that invade by a phototactic reaction of light. Say.
[0020]
Next, Table 2 shows the results of conducting field tests using various high-intensity discharge lamps and measuring the insect attracting rate of general insects.
Table 2 shows the rate of attracting insects with the same luminous flux of each lamp, assuming that the attracting rate of attracting general insects when the rated mercury lamp with a rating of 100 W is turned on is 100% (reference).
[0021]
[Table 2]
As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the high-pressure sodium lamp for insect control according to the present invention is effective not only for controlling insects but also for controlling insects.
Therefore, it is effective as an anti-insect lamp for restaurants, gas stations or pachinko shops that are open at night, and is used for peripheral lighting or food factories or pharmaceutical factories that are struggling with the problem of insect contamination in products. Insects or pests can be controlled by using the lamp mainly for insect control.
Furthermore, for the purpose of conservation of the natural environment, it can also be used as an ecosystem conservation lamp so as not to attract insects unnecessarily by road lighting in mountainous areas.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention uses a high-pressure sodium lamp that emits a large wavelength effective in controlling insects with good luminous efficiency as an insect repellent lamp, and is coated with a high heat-resistant mixed film to have a wavelength of 550 nm. Since less radiation can be completely blocked, there is an advantage that insects including pests can be reliably controlled or avoided.
Also, by selecting the type and characteristics of the lamp coating and selecting the mixing ratio within a specific range, it is possible to reduce the decrease in light transmittance and maintain good light emission characteristics and lifetime characteristics. There is an advantage.
And the use of this high-pressure sodium lamp for insect repellent is as follows: Agricultural field such as orchards for the purpose of controlling pests and field horticultural fields, or insect control lamps for stores and factories for controlling and repelling insects, Furthermore, it can be used in areas mainly intended for natural environment conservation such as mountainous areas.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an insect repellent high pressure sodium lamp according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the spectral distribution of the lamp according to the present invention and the visibility characteristics of insects.
[Explanation of symbols]
1
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10784798A JP4019400B2 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1998-04-17 | High pressure sodium lamp for insect repellent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10784798A JP4019400B2 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1998-04-17 | High pressure sodium lamp for insect repellent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11307054A JPH11307054A (en) | 1999-11-05 |
| JP4019400B2 true JP4019400B2 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
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| JP10784798A Expired - Fee Related JP4019400B2 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1998-04-17 | High pressure sodium lamp for insect repellent |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4363124B2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2009-11-11 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | Light emission evaluation method |
| JP2011175754A (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-09-08 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | Light transmission filter, and luminaire equipped with the same |
| CN108184790B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2024-05-17 | 张成美 | Passive multispectral efficient insecticidal device |
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