JP4016346B2 - Air source heat pump air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner.

  In the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner, the part corresponding to the so-called outdoor unit is provided with a condenser facing the axial flow type exhaust fan that blows air in the direction of the blade rotation axis, and the outside air is passed through the condenser. It has a structure that exchanges heat with the refrigerant and exhausts it outdoors.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-96534 JP-A-63-233244

  However, since the opening for taking in outside air remains exposed to the outdoors, when the weather is bad and the wind is strong, the air heat-exchanged in one condenser flows to the other condenser without being discharged from the exhaust fan, and goes outside. There is a problem that the ability falls out. In addition, since rainwater or the like enters through the gaps between the exhaust fans, some components of the heat pump (for example, electronic components) get wet with rainwater and cause troubles, which may hinder air conditioning operation.

  Further, in air conditioning in special environments such as an electronic factory, an agricultural factory, a breeding room, and a grain warehouse, it is necessary to heat and cool the air-conditioning air in a predetermined order and appropriately humidify and adjust the temperature and humidity. Therefore, for example, there is a system in which a cold water coil (cooling coil), a hot water coil (heating coil), a humidifier, and the like are provided, and the heat source water circuit is a four-pipe type, and the cold water and the hot water coil are separately supplied with cold water and hot water. However, the four-pipe heat source water circuit has a problem that the piping distance is long and the equipment cost is high, and it is necessary to make cold water and hot water at the same time. In addition, since the heat pump has an upper limit on the air heating temperature (refrigerant condensation temperature), the vaporization method is used under conditions where the air temperature / humidity is low and a large amount of humidification is required with respect to the desired temperature and humidity (especially high temperature and high humidity). When humidified, the desired supply air temperature may not be reached due to latent heat of vaporization. Therefore, there is a problem that the temperature / humidity range in which air conditioning can be performed becomes narrow, and the compression efficiency and consequently the coefficient of performance (COP) decrease.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes first and second compression heat pumps in the casing, and at least a pair of outside air blowing passages provided with the condenser of the heat pump with an exhaust fan therebetween, The heat pump components are arranged between the condensers, and a mountain-shaped cover that covers at least the compressor and the waterproof component among these components and has a top toward the exhaust fan is provided. A first evaporator of one heat pump and a second evaporator of the second heat pump are sequentially arranged in the blowing direction, and the condenser is shared by the first heat pump and the second heat pump, and the first evaporation The evaporator and the second evaporator are configured to be capable of switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation, and a humidifier is provided between one of the first evaporator and the second evaporator and one or both of the lee of the second evaporator. Arrangement The most important feature that was.

According to the invention of claim 1, one cover can be used for both waterproofing of heat pump parts, sound insulation of the compressor, and prevention of inflow of heat exchanged air from one side of the condenser to the other. Reduction can be achieved, and quiet and stable air conditioning operation can be performed. Since the cover has a mountain shape, air can be guided and guided smoothly toward the exhaust fan with a small resistance, and reliable exhaust can be achieved. In addition, air conditioning operation in a special environment that requires heating and cooling of air-conditioning air can be performed only with a heat pump without using a cold / hot water coil, and equipment costs and operation costs can be reduced. Outdoor air treatment in animal breeding rooms and hospital treatment rooms, constant temperature and humidity air conditioning operation in agricultural factories and museums, cold air elimination in food departments, dehumidification drying air conditioning operation in dry kitchens in restaurants, storage in grain warehouses And low-temperature humidification air conditioning operation to prevent static electricity at electronic factories. Since the condenser shares the fin group, the heat transfer area is increased, and the heat exchange capacity is increased even when only one of the first and second heat pumps is operated. When one of the refrigerants evaporates and the other condenses in the common condenser, heat exchange between the refrigerants can also be performed, increasing COP and saving energy. If a humidifier is provided between the first evaporator and the second evaporator and on the leeward side of the second evaporator, heating and humidification can be performed in two stages. The high humidity side) spreads, and the compression efficiency and thus COP are improved. The wind insulation board can prevent direct blowing of wind into the casing, reduce condenser capacity due to solar radiation, and prevent corrosion caused by blowing rainwater. Can be prevented. In addition, by providing the windproof heat insulating plate by adjusting the ratio of the gap area of the outside air intake portion according to the bias of the passing air volume distribution of the condenser, it is possible to equalize the condenser passing air volume distribution and improve the capacity.
In the invention of claim 2 , the pressure loss of the evaporator and the condenser is reduced and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, so that a small fan can be used and noise can be reduced. Since the number of heat transfer tubes can be increased by reducing the pressure loss, the evaporator and condenser can be downsized and the air conditioner can be downsized.

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the air heat source heat pump type air conditioner of the present invention, and the solid and dotted white arrows indicate the blowing direction. This air conditioner is provided in the casing 1 for refrigerant-air conditioning air heat exchange of the first and second compression heat pumps C, C, the humidifiers 10, 10 and the first and second heat pumps C, C. For the refrigerant-heat source of the heat pump C, the air supply air passage A provided with the first and second evaporators 2a, 2b and the air supply fan 6 for supplying air to the air-conditioned space and the exhaust fan 5 are separated. The air heat exchange condenser 3 is provided with at least a pair of outside air blowing paths B provided with the air outlets facing each other. The first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are sequentially arranged in the blowing direction, and the condensers 3 are shared by the first heat pump C and the second heat pump C, and the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2 are used. Humidifiers 10 are disposed both between the evaporators 2b and leeward of the second evaporator 2b.

The axial flow type exhaust fan 5 that blows air in the direction of the blade rotation axis is disposed near or outside the outer end of the space sandwiched between the air outlets of the plurality of condensers 3. The components of the heat pump C are arranged between the outlets. Among these components, at least the compressor 4 and waterproof components (for example, electronic components and connectors that may cause electric leakage) are covered and the exhaust fan 5 is covered. A Yamagata cover 7 is provided. The cover 7 is formed so as to overlap 2/3 or more with respect to the outside air passage inlet 9 that opens in the casing 1 corresponding to the condenser 3, and the wind shielding and rectifying effect of the heat exchanged by the condenser 3 Is preferably increased.

Windproof and heat insulating plates 8 are respectively provided outside the outside air blowing passage inlets 9. The windproof heat insulating plate 8 includes, for example, an outside air blowing path inlet one end edge near the exhaust fan 5 and a windproof heat insulating board one end edge, a gap area D1 far from the exhaust fan 5, and the other end edge of the wind blowing heat insulating board and the other end of the windproof heat insulating board. The ratio (D1: D2) to the gap area D2 is adjusted according to the deviation of the passing air volume distribution of the condenser 3 and provided. Thus, by providing the windproof heat insulating plate 8 by adjusting the ratio (D1: D2) of the gap area of the outside air intake portion, it is possible to equalize the condenser flow rate distribution and improve the capacity. Although not shown, a latent heat for evaporating heat to the condenser 3 may be provided inside the windproof heat insulating plate 8. In this case, the windproof heat insulating plate 8 can prevent water from being scattered during watering.

  The first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are configured to be capable of switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation. For example, the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and / or the cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated in the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and the first evaporation. It is possible to switch between at least a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator 2a and the refrigerant is condensed in the second evaporator 2b and a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in one or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, or the first evaporation It is possible to switch between at least a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator 2a and the refrigerant is condensed in the second evaporator 2b and a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in one or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, or the first At least switching between a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated in both or one of the evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed in the first evaporator 2a and the refrigerant is evaporated in the second evaporator 2b is possible. To configure.

  The first heat pump C includes a common condenser 3 for exchanging heat of circulating refrigerant with heat exchange air (outside air), a first evaporator 2a for exchanging heat of air conditioning air with circulating refrigerant, A compressor 4, an expansion valve, a forward / reverse switching valve (four-way valve) in the refrigerant circulation direction, a liquid receiver (not shown), and the like are provided, and these are connected to form a refrigerant circulation circuit and switched. The valve is configured to switch between heat absorption and heat dissipation (evaporation function and condensation function) of the condenser 3 and the first evaporator 2a. The second heat pump C includes a common condenser 3..., A second evaporator 2 b that exchanges heat for air-conditioning air using a circulating refrigerant, a second compressor 4, an expansion valve, and forward and backward of the refrigerant circulation direction. Switching valves (four-way valves), a liquid receiver (not shown), and the like, which are connected by piping to form a refrigerant circulation circuit, and the heat absorption of the condensers 3 ... and the second evaporator 2b by the switching valves. Heat dissipation (evaporation function and condensation function) can be switched.

  The refrigerant of each heat pump C is configured to split and pass through each condenser 3 in parallel and then merge again into one, and the refrigerant flow passage of the first heat pump C in the condenser 3 and the second heat pump C The refrigerant flow passages are arranged so as to be capable of exchanging heat with each other, and in the condenser 3, the different refrigerants face each other in a state where one of the refrigerant of the first heat pump C and the refrigerant of the second heat pump C evaporates and the other condenses. It is configured to be distributed, and the heat transfer is made uniform and efficient by the counter flow. Furthermore, the condenser 3 is configured so that the flowing refrigerant is different for each row of fin tubes, for each stage of fin tubes, or for each fin tube, thereby eliminating uneven heat exchange with air and stabilizing the performance. The humidifier 10 can use various types such as a vaporization method and a steam blowing method. However, if the steam blowing method is used, the temperature and humidity control can be performed with high accuracy and the temperature and humidity can be controlled without any temperature drop. The load on the vessel can be reduced.

  The air-conditioning air inlet and air-conditioning air outlet of the air supply air passage A are provided in the casing 1, and the air-conditioning air inlet is used as a return air intake, outside air intake or a mixed air intake of return air and outside air, etc. The air-conditioning air outlet is communicated with the air-conditioned space such as the room via the duct and the air-conditioned air outlet is communicated with the air-conditioned space such as the room via the duct. Air is supplied to the air-conditioned space by heat exchange (cooling / heating) of air-conditioning air in the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b by supplying air to the condenser 3 and by supplying air with the air supply fan 6. Air-conditioning operation is performed according to various environments. The fin tubes of the first evaporator 2a, the second evaporator 2b and the condenser 3 are preferably elliptical tubes with little pressure loss, but may be circular tubes.

  The illustrated air conditioner controls the capacity of each of the first and second heat pumps C, C, the air supply fan 6, the exhaust fan 5, the windward and leeward humidifiers 10, 10, and the air supply air passage. Control means (not shown) is provided for switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b in accordance with the inlet air temperature and humidity. In order to perform the outside air treatment of the air-conditioned space, for example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air supply / humidity, either or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. Then, it is cooled and dehumidified, or cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a, then heated by the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature, and is controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air supply passage inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired supply air temperature and humidity, the air is cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a and then heated by the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature. Control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired air supply / humidity, the air is heated by the first evaporator 2a and then humidified by the windward humidifier 10, and further supplied to the second evaporator 2b. Then, the air is humidified by the leeward humidifier 10 and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, the upwind humidifier 10 and the downwind side are heated by heating or humidifying both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b in accordance with the heating amount and the humidification amount necessary to obtain a desired temperature and humidity. It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity by humidifying only one of the humidifiers 10. When the temperature of the supply air supply passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low with respect to the desired supply air temperature and humidity, the first and second evaporators 2a and 2b are both dried and cooled, and the upwind humidifier 10 and Humidification is performed by both or one of the leeward side humidifiers 10 and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity.

  Further, in order to air-condition the air-conditioned space at constant temperature and humidity, for example, when the leeward side humidifier 10 is a steam blowing method, the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is set to the desired air supply / humidity. When the temperature is high and when the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a and then heated by the second evaporator 2b. Or after cooling and dehumidifying with the first evaporator 2a and heating with the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature, the leeward humidifier 10 is humidified without lowering the temperature with steam, Control temperature and humidity. When the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired air supply / humidity, the leeward side humidifier 10 is heated and adjusted in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then the leeward side humidifier 10. The steam is humidified without reducing the temperature with steam and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, the first evaporator 2a is heated and then humidified by the windward humidifier 10 and further heated by the second evaporator 2b and then the temperature is not lowered by the steam in the leeward humidifier 10. It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low relative to the desired air temperature and humidity, the temperature is controlled by drying and cooling in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then the leeward side. Humidifier 10 is humidified without lowering the temperature with steam, and is controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity.

  In this case, it is possible to dehumidify and dry the air-conditioned space without humidifying the humidifiers 10 and 10 on the windward and leeward sides. For example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air temperature / humidity, and when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature is lower and the humidity is higher than the desired air temperature / humidity, the first evaporator 2a. When the air is cooled and dehumidified at the second evaporator 2b and heated by the second evaporator 2b, and the air temperature / humidity at the inlet of the supply air passage is lower than the desired temperature and humidity, both the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. Or it heats by one side and it controls to predetermined supply air temperature humidity.

  In order to humidify the air-conditioned space at a low temperature, for example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air supply / humidity, either or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. When the air temperature / humidity at the inlet of the supply air passage is lower than the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is heated by the first evaporator 2a and humidified by the windward humidifier 10 and then the second evaporation. It is dried and cooled in the vessel 2b and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the air supply air inlet is high and the humidity is low relative to the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is humidified by the upwind humidifier 10 and then dried and cooled only by the second evaporator 2b to obtain a predetermined air temperature. Control to humidity. Although not shown in the figure, only one humidifier 10 may be provided and disposed between the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b or on the lee of the second evaporator 2b. is there.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the design can be freely changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the arrangement and number of the exhaust fan 5 and the condenser 3 can be freely changed. The structure can be changed or omitted. Further, the configuration of the first and second heat pumps C and C and the control means, and the refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation cycles of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b can be freely changed and increased or decreased.

Front sectional drawing which shows the Example of an air heat source heat pump type air conditioner. FIG. The same side view. The simplified explanatory drawing of a heat pump.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2a 1st evaporator 2b 2nd evaporator 3 Condenser 4 Compressor 5 Exhaust fan 7 Cover 8 Windproof heat insulating board 9 Outside air ventilation path inlet 10 Humidifier B Outside air ventilation path C Heat pump

Claims (2)

In the casing 1, first and second compression heat pumps C and C, and first and second evaporators 2a and 2b for refrigerant-air conditioning air heat exchange of the first and second heat pumps C and C are provided. And an air supply air passage A provided with an air supply fan 6 for supplying air to the air-conditioned space, and an external air air supply passage B. At least a pair of air heat exchange condensers 3 for the refrigerant-heat source of the heat pump C are provided so that their air outlets face each other, and the exhaust fan 5 is outside the space sandwiched between the air outlets of the plurality of condensers 3. A windproof heat insulating plate 8 is provided on the outside of the outside air passage inlet 9 that is disposed near or outside the end and opens to the casing 1 corresponding to the air inlet of the condenser 3, and the windproof heat insulating plate 8 is One end edge of the outside air blowing passage near the exhaust fan 5 and one end edge of the windproof heat insulating plate The ratio (D1: D2) of the gap area D1 and the gap area D2 of the other end edge of the windproof heat insulating plate far from the exhaust fan 5 to the bias of the passing air amount distribution of the condenser 3 The heat pump C is disposed between the air outlets of the plurality of condensers 3... And the compressor 4 and the waterproof component are covered at least among these components. A mountain-shaped cover 7 having a top facing the exhaust fan 5 is provided, and the first evaporator 2a of the first heat pump C and the second evaporator 2b of the second heat pump C are sequentially arranged in the air blowing direction, and Condensers 3 are shared by the first heat pump C and the second heat pump C, and the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are configured to be capable of switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation, and the first evaporation. Between the vessel 2a and the second evaporator 2b; An air heat source heat pump type air conditioner characterized in that a humidifier 10 is disposed on one or both of the second evaporator 2b.   The air heat source heat pump type air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the fin tubes of the first evaporator 2a, the second evaporator 2b, and the condenser 3 are elliptical tubes.

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