JP4012870B2 - Underfloor heat storage structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat storage structure for storing heat or cold mainly used for air conditioning in a house in a space under the floor.

  In recent years, attempts have been made to indirectly heat and cool a room by heating or cooling an underfloor space of a house. In this case, there is no unpleasant draft as when directly cooling and heating the room with an air conditioner, and there is no air pollution in the room as when directly heating the room with a combustion heating device. Can be realized.

  However, compared with the case where the room is directly heated, there is a problem that the heat loss is large and the operation cost is increased. Therefore, in order to reduce the operating cost, a heat storage method capable of effectively using inexpensive late-night power is employed.

  As a technique that employs this type of heat storage system, for example, there is a technique that uses existing earthen concrete, a frame such as a floor or a beam as a heat storage body to reduce the equipment cost. In this case, it is common to store heat and cold in the soil concrete and the housing by piping the soil concrete and the housing and supplying hot water or cold water to the pipe.

  In addition, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example, by storing heat in a dedicated heat storage material provided on the back side of the floor plate in the underfloor space, heat release to the ground or the like is suppressed and heat storage efficiency is increased. There is something like that. In this case, warm heat or cold air discharged from a duct installed in the underfloor space is applied to the heat storage material so that the heat storage material stores the heat or cold.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-195587 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-115859 JP 2001-304594

  However, when piping is applied to the soil concrete or the frame as described above, the cost for piping increases and maintenance for pipe clogging or water leakage is troublesome.

  In addition, it is conceivable to reduce the cost for piping and improve the maintainability by introducing hot air or cold air into the underfloor space instead of hot water or cold water and storing it in the soil concrete or the frame. In addition, the technology of storing heat mainly on beams and floors by hot air and cold air is actually applied as technology for buildings and apartment buildings.

  However, simply introducing warm air or cold air has a large heat loss, so that heat cannot be efficiently stored in the soil concrete or the frame, and control of heat radiation is difficult.

  On the other hand, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, when the duct and the dedicated heat storage material are provided in the underfloor space, there is a problem that the structure is complicated and the construction becomes complicated and the equipment cost increases.

  In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an underfloor heat storage structure that solves the above-described problems, has a simple structure, has good heat storage efficiency, and can reduce equipment costs and operation costs.

To solve the above problems, underfloor heat storage structure of the invention, the ducts formed by the heat storage material consisting substantially entirely such as concrete plate, and disposed along the dirt floor concrete surface, of the duct the earthen The lower surface facing the concrete surface is opened so that the soil concrete surface faces the air passage in the duct, and an indoor unit of a heat pump is connected to one end of the duct, and the air passage in the duct is connected to the air passage. By introducing hot air or cold air using a heat pump as a heat source, heat and cold are stored in the duct and soil concrete, and part or all of the outer surface of the duct and the back surface of the soil concrete are insulated. It is characterized by being covered with a material .

Further, the duct is folded back so as to be stacked up and down. Furthermore, the duct is provided with an exhaust port through which hot air or cold air introduced into the air passage is discharged into the underfloor space.

  In this invention, the duct itself arranged in the underfloor space is used as a heat storage body, and warm air or cold air is introduced into this duct so that the heat or cold can be efficiently stored. Although it is a simple structure that does not require a material, it is possible to provide a heat storage structure with good heat storage efficiency with reduced heat loss.

  Therefore, it is possible to realize under-floor heat storage type indoor air conditioning with reduced equipment costs and operation costs. Moreover, the underfloor temperature and humidity environment can be maintained well throughout the year by the effect of underfloor air conditioning.

  Moreover, indoor air conditioning can be stably continued by covering a part or the whole of the outer surface of the duct with a heat insulating material and suppressing excessive heat dissipation of the heat stored in the duct.

  Furthermore, by making the surface of the soil concrete face the air passage in the duct and storing the heat or cold in both the duct and the soil concrete, it is possible to increase the heat storage efficiency and increase the heat storage amount.

  Furthermore, by providing a heat insulating material on the back side of the soil concrete to suppress heat release to the ground, heat loss can be reduced and heat storage efficiency can be further increased.

  In addition, by folding the ducts so that they are stacked one above the other, it is possible to secure a long distance between the duct air passages, expand the heat exchange area between the ducts and hot air or cold air, and increase the duct capacity. The allowable heat storage amount can also be increased, thereby further increasing the heat storage efficiency and the heat storage amount.

  Furthermore, the indoor air conditioning efficiency can be further improved by discharging the warm air or the cold air after heat exchange with the duct to the underfloor space and directly cooling and heating the underfloor space.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the heat storage structure according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the duct (3) is disposed along the surface of the soil concrete (2) provided in the underfloor space (1) of the house. And the indoor unit (6) of the heat pump (5) is connected to the one end side via the rectifying duct (4). Therefore, warm air or cold air using the heat pump (5) as a heat source is introduced into the duct (3) via the rectifying duct (4). The outdoor unit (7) of the heat pump (5) is installed outdoors, and is connected to the indoor unit (6) via a refrigerant pipe (9) that penetrates the outer periphery base (30) surrounding the underfloor space (1). It is connected.

  In the underfloor space (1), a heat insulating material (31) is provided along the outer peripheral foundation (30) to suppress heat radiation from the underfloor space (1) to the outside. This heat insulating material (31) is arranged in a substantially L-shaped cross section so as to straddle the rising inner surface of the outer peripheral foundation (30) and the outer peripheral edge of the soil concrete (2).

  The soil concrete (2) is laid on the ground (32) with a substantially constant thickness, and a heat insulating material (33) is disposed on the back surface thereof. That is, the heat insulating material (33) is interposed between the soil concrete (2) and the ground (32), and heat radiation from the soil concrete (2) to the ground (32) is restricted.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the duct (3) includes, for example, a pair of legs (10) and (10) arranged parallel to each other on the surface of the soil concrete (2), and these legs (10) (10 ) And an upper surface portion (11) installed so as to straddle between the upper surfaces, and the lower surface facing the surface of the soil concrete (2) is open. Therefore, the surface of the soil concrete (2) faces the air passage (15) in the duct (3).

  The legs (10) and (10) are made of, for example, a long wooden square, which is a heat insulating material, and the upper surface (11) is made of a low-cost concrete plate having a large heat capacity. That is, the upper surface part (11) which occupies most of the duct (3) is formed of a heat storage material, and the duct (3) functions as a heat storage body. In addition, you may form the upper surface part (11) of a duct (3) with other thermal storage materials other than a concrete board. Furthermore, not only the upper surface portion (11) but also the leg portion (10) may be formed of a heat storage material.

  The legs (10) and (10) have a height of 3 cm to 10 cm, a length of 8 m to 10 m, and are arranged with an interval of 0.8 m to 0.9 m. The upper surface portion (11) has a width of 0.9 m to 1 m, a length of 8 m to 10 m, and a thickness of about 10 cm. Therefore, this duct (3) is formed in a flat shape extending along the surface of the soil concrete (2) and extends in a straight line, and the width of the air passage (15) in the duct (3) is 0.8m to 0.9m, its length is 8m to 10m, and the height from the surface of the soil concrete (2) is 3cm to 10cm.

  As a result, while the warm or cold air passing through the air passage (15) in the duct (3) flows low so as to crawl the surface of the soil concrete (2), the inner surface of the duct (3) and the soil concrete (2) In direct contact with the surface of the wall, hot or cold heat is stored in both the duct (3) and the soil concrete (2).

  In addition, in this duct (3), for example, an airtight material (16) (16) having a thickness of about 3 mm is attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the legs (10) and (10). (10) Between the legs (10) and (10) and between the legs (10) and (10) and the upper surface (11), leakage of hot air or cold air is prevented.

  Further, on the opposite side of the duct (3) from the indoor unit (6) side, that is, on the other end side, an exhaust port (20) is formed in the upper surface part (11), and the ventilation path (15) of the duct (3) is formed. The warm or cold air that has passed through is discharged into the underfloor space (1).

  Further, the outer surface of the duct (3), that is, the surface of the upper surface portion (11) is covered with a heat insulating material (28), thereby suppressing excessive heat radiation from the upper surface portion (11). The heat insulating material (28) may be provided not only so as to cover almost the entire surface of the upper surface portion (11) but also to cover a part of the surface of the upper surface portion (11). By appropriately adjusting the range covered with the heat insulating material (28) on the outer surface of the duct (3), the heat radiation from the duct (3) can be controlled.

  Further, a plurality of baffle plates (21), (21),... Projecting from the air passage (15) are attached in a staggered pattern on the back surface side of the upper surface portion (11) of the duct (3). ) Is guided while meandering hot or cold air passing through. And the surface of the soil concrete (2) covered by the duct (3), that is, the surface of the soil concrete (2) that the hot air or cold air of the air passage (15) contacts is roughened by spreading gravel etc. As a result, irregularities (22) are provided. In this way, the baffle plates (21), (21), etc. are projected from the air passage (15), or the surface of the soil concrete (2) is provided with irregularities (22), so that the warm air passing through the air passage (15) can be obtained. Alternatively, the flow of cold air is disturbed, and the contact area between the hot air or cold air and the soil concrete (2) is increased to increase the heat exchange efficiency.

  The duct (3) is pressed against the soil concrete (2) by the steel bundles (25) (25) which are stretched and fixed between the upper surface portion (11) and the floor member (34). It is fixed in the state. As described above, the duct (3) is simply fixed by the steel bundles (25), (25),. In addition, since the upper surface part (11) of the duct (3) is a heavy concrete plate, the upper surface part (11) is not necessarily fixed by the bundle members (25), (25), etc. as described above. The duct (3) may be fixed on the soil concrete (2) by its own weight. In the figure, (26), (26),... Are ordinary steel bundles that are fixed to the surface of the soil concrete (2) and receive a large draw or the like.

  As the heat pump (5), an inexpensive household general-purpose heat pump generally called "air conditioner" is used. In this heat pump (5), the refrigerant compressed by the compressor is circulated between the indoor unit (6) and the outdoor unit (7), and the refrigerant and the underfloor space (1) are circulated on the indoor unit (6) side. Heat and cold air are created by exchanging heat with air. Then, warm air or cold air is sent out to the rectifying duct (4) by a fan (not shown) provided in the indoor unit (6). A heat-cooled water-cooled heat pump or a carbon dioxide (CO2) heat pump may be used as the heat pump.

  The rectifying duct (4) has a cross-sectional shape that changes from the indoor unit (6) to the duct (3), so that warm and cold air can flow smoothly from the indoor unit (6) to the duct (3). The pressure loss at the time of ventilation is suppressed.

  Next, indoor heating using the above heat storage structure will be described. First, when the heating operation is started by operating the heat pump (5), the air in the underfloor space (1) is taken into the indoor unit (6) and heated to become hot air, and this hot air is converted into the rectifying duct (4 ) Through the air passage (15) of the duct (3). In the air passage (15), the warm air flows in a meandering manner while hitting the baffles (21), (21), and the unevenness (22) of the soil concrete (2). As a result, active heat exchange is performed between the main heat storage body duct (3) and hot air, and the auxiliary heat storage body soil concrete (2) and hot air, respectively. The warm air is stored in the concrete (2). The hot air after heat exchange is discharged from the exhaust port (20) of the duct (3) to the underfloor space (1), and directly warms the underfloor space (1). Then, the air in the underfloor space (1) is recirculated into the indoor unit (6) of the heat pump (5), heated, and sent to the air passage (15) of the duct (3) as hot air. repeat.

  As shown in FIG. 5, such a heat storage process is performed, for example, in a time zone in which inexpensive late-night power can be used from around midnight at night to around 7:00 the next morning. During this time, although the temperature of the underfloor space (1) rises and the outside air temperature drops, the room temperature is kept almost constant without decreasing.

  And, for example, from around 7 o'clock to around 15 o'clock, the heat pump (5) is deactivated, and heat is released to heat the room while releasing heat stored in the duct (3) and soil concrete (2). Let it be a process. At this time, since the outer surface of the duct (3) is covered with the heat insulating material (28), the stored heat is not radiated excessively, but gradually radiates over a long time to heat the room. In this heat radiation process, the temperature of the underfloor space (1) once decreases and becomes substantially constant, and the room temperature increases after decreasing once.

  After about 15:00, the indoor temperature starts to decrease due to a decrease in the outside air temperature. Then, only the fan of the heat pump (5) is operated to start the air blowing operation, and the air in the underfloor space (1) is sent into the air passage (15) of the duct (3). The sent air is heated by the residual heat of the duct (3) and the soil concrete (2) and then discharged to the underfloor space (1) to directly warm the underfloor space (1). At this time, the temperature of the underfloor space (1) and the room temperature rise once and then gradually fall. Such an air blowing process is performed until, for example, around midnight at night, and the above operation is repeated by returning to the heat storage process again from around 0:00. As a result, it is possible to suppress the sudden cooling of the room in the winter and to exhibit sufficient capacity as base heating. During indoor cooling, cold air is sent from the indoor unit (6) of the heat pump (5) to the air passage (15) of the duct (3), and the same operation as in heating is repeated.

  FIG. 6 shows a heat storage structure according to another embodiment. In this heat storage structure, the duct (40) is folded back on the same plane, and the warm air or cold air introduced into the duct (40) is reversed in the reverse direction to the indoor unit (6) from the exhaust port (42). It comes to be discharged towards. In this way, by ensuring a long distance between the air passages of the duct (40), the heat exchange area with the hot air or the cold air is increased, thereby increasing the heat storage amount.

  Further, as the shape of the duct (40), it is possible not only to be folded back on the same plane as described above, but also to be bent into a substantially L shape or a waveform on the same plane to increase the distance.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, for example, the duct (50) may be folded back and forth to increase the distance of the air passage (51). In other words, this duct (50) is installed on the lower side by placing the upper surface part (53) so as to straddle the upper surface of the pair of leg parts (52) (52) disposed on the surface of the soil concrete (2). The upper surface portion (56) is configured to constitute the duct (54) and straddle between the upper surfaces of the pair of leg portions (55) (55) disposed on the surface of the upper surface portion (53) of the lower duct (54). The upper duct (57) is configured by installing the upper duct (57), and the ventilation path of the lower duct (54) and the ventilation path of the upper duct (57) are communicated with each other. In addition, (58) is a heat insulating material that covers the surface of the upper surface portion (56) in the upper duct (57), and (59) is a closing plate that closes an opening formed in the folded portion of the duct (50). Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.

Compared with the structure in which heat is stored only in the soil concrete (2) using the duct made of heat insulating material by using this multi-stage duct (50), as shown in FIG.
The underfloor temperature during the heat storage process at night becomes low, and the underfloor temperature during the heat dissipation process and the air blowing process from daytime to night increases. In other words, by using the multistage stack duct (50), the heat storage efficiency and the amount of heat storage are increased, the heat radiation to the underfloor space (1) during the heat storage process is reduced, and the heat is stably radiated when the room is in the daytime to night. Thus, the room temperature can be kept higher.

It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the heat storage structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the same top view. It is a perspective view of the principal part similarly. It is a front sectional view of the duct part similarly. It is a figure which shows the temperature change at the time of heating. It is a top view of the heat storage structure concerning other embodiments. It is side surface sectional drawing of the duct part which concerns on another embodiment. It is a front sectional view of the duct part similarly. It is a figure which shows the temperature change at the time of heating at the time of comparing the structure using a multistage | stacked heat storage duct, and the structure of storing heat only in soil concrete using a heat insulation duct.

Explanation of symbols

(1) Underfloor space
(2) Dust concrete
(3) (40) (50) Duct
(15) (51) Ventilation path
(20) Exhaust port
(28) (58) Duct insulation
(32) Ground
(33) Insulation material for soil concrete

Claims (4)

A duct formed almost entirely of a heat storage material is disposed along the surface of the soil concrete, and the lower surface of the duct facing the surface of the soil concrete is opened, and the surface of the soil concrete is used as an air passage in the duct. In addition, a heat pump indoor unit is connected to one end side of the duct, and hot air or cold air using the heat pump as a heat source is introduced into the air passage in the duct. A heat storage structure under the floor , wherein cold heat is stored, and a part or the whole of the outer surface of the duct and a back surface of the soil concrete are covered with a heat insulating material . The heat storage structure under the floor according to claim 1 , wherein the duct is folded back and forth . The underfloor heat storage structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the duct is provided with an exhaust port through which hot air or cold air introduced into the air passage is discharged into the underfloor space. The heat storage structure under the floor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat storage material of the duct is made of a concrete plate.