JP4011284B2 - Drilling tillage work machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an excavating and tilling work machine, and more particularly to a work machine capable of performing a reverse earthing action by a plow and an excavating action by a subsoiler.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally used excavator and plow work machines include subsoil work machines used to promote permeation drainage of the field by crushing the subsoil, and further the upper part from the subsoil of the field after subsoil crushing ,In other words. It is well known that there is a plow working machine that plows and reverses the soil layer and the hardened layer (also referred to as the tiller layer).
In the work using these work machines, first, the subsoil work machine is subjected to subsoil crushing work, and then the plow work machine is used to reverse the tillage.
In dry fields such as Europe and the United States, the latter working machine is sufficient, but in Japan, it is essential to consider the drainage of the fields.
Japan's weather conditions are high temperature and humidity, and there are many fields with excessive moisture, and field management is also called moisture management. A work effective for removing moisture is a subsoiler work machine, and a work effective for drying by reversing the soil layer is a work by a plow work machine.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventionally known subsoiler work machines are intended for subsoil plowing work and subsoil improvement work by subsoil crushing, and this makes it possible to properly adjust the soil environment by properly removing the water in the field. However, it is not possible to contribute to the resuscitation of the soil layer by using organic matter circulation through full field tillage.
Moreover, although the operation | work using a subsoiler work machine and a plow work machine is preferable for management of field environment, the process and burden of work will increase.
Further, it is not preferable to perform the operation twice, since it causes a tractor pressure problem.
Therefore, the present invention is intended to propose a new work machine having both the function of a subsoiler work machine and the function of a plow work machine.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides an excavation tillage working machine configured to include an excavation tillage reversing unit with respect to a work machine frame that can be attached to a tractor. , A chisel part attached to the lower end of the beam, an excavation reversal part provided continuously with the chisel part, and a lateral side continuously to the excavation reversal part. And a bottom portion having a base plate that is expanded to a depth, and the chisel portion is at the foremost and deepest position in the working direction, and the excavation extends in an arc from the chisel portion toward the upper end. A reversing plate, a share portion of the bottom portion positioned shallower than the chisel portion, and a mold board portion of the bottom portion spread at a position adjacent to the movement locus of the chisel portion, and the chisel portion and the chisel portion Shallow than work trajectory of excavation reversal part In this way, it is possible to excavate the subsoil layer by the chisel part, and the subsoil excavated by the chisel part is excavated and reversed. While being raised by the part, it is reversed. Further, since the bottom portion is positioned in the reversed direction, the excavation by shearing, the reversal by the excavation board, and the plowing by the release are plowed, and the subsoil is surely returned to the field surface.
In addition, a plurality of the excavation inversion tillage sections are attached to the work machine frame in a regular arrangement, thereby forming a work machine according to the field scale. Can contribute to efficient farming.
Furthermore, since the excavation reversing part and the excavation plate forming the bottom are configured to have a continuous curved surface, the excavated soil reversal soil can be moved smoothly and reduced in resistance. It can be reversed.
Furthermore, since the excavation reversal part and the earth forming plate forming the bottom are configured to be independent curved surfaces,
In addition, a reversing portion that reverses the bottom excavation plate side is formed at the upper end of the excavation reversal portion so that the excavated soil can be plowed and reversed to the excavation plate side. Therefore, the resistance during work is distributed to the excavation reversal part and the bottom part, and the work can be performed with a relatively small tractor.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described first with reference to FIGS. In these drawings, a symbol T indicates a tractor, and the excavator / plowing work machine 10 of the present invention is mounted on the tractor T using a three-point hitch. This excavator / plowing work machine (hereinafter simply referred to as a work machine) 10 has a cross frame 12 extending in the width direction at the front part of the work machine frame 11, and an upper portion at a substantially central position of the cross frame 11. A mast 12 for attaching U stands up, and a hitch pin 14 for attaching a lower link L is attached to a position below the mast 13 in a side view of the mast 13.
The work machine frame 11 is integrated with the cross frame 12 and extends obliquely rearward in the work progressing direction. The upper end of the frame 21 is fixed with bolts or the like, and an excavation and tilling work unit 20 to be described later is attached to each of the beams 14.
[0006]
Further, at both ends of the cross frame 12, there is an arm 14A to which a hitch pin 14 for hitting the lower link L is attached, so that the lower link L provided in the tractor can be mounted.
A coulter 16 is attached via a coulter arm 16A in front of each excavation plowing work unit 20 in the work traveling direction, and excavation plowing work unit 20 described later performs excavation work along a slit formed by the coulter 16. It has come to be.
[0007]
The excavation / plowing work unit 20 attached to each of the beams 21 includes an excavation reversing part 22 and a bottom part 26, and the excavation reversing part 22 is a reinforcing plate attached to the beam 21. The surface plate 24 is made of a resin fixed to the surface of the resin 23, is resistant to wear, has low frictional resistance, and has little soil adhesion, and has a chisel portion 25 attached to the tip of the beam 21. The surface without the level | step difference which is continuous with the surface of is formed.
The surface of the chisel portion 25, the surface of the surface plate 24, and the edge of the beam 21 draw concentric curves in side view, and further draw an arc that is recessed in the working direction. It has a shape.
[0008]
The mounting structure of the reinforcing plate 23 and the beam 21 is such that a plurality of pairs of clamps 23A fixed to the reinforcing plate 23 sandwich both side surfaces of the beam 21 and the bolts inserted through these both are integrated. It has become.
The chisel portion 25 at the tip has a excavating function, and the excavation reversing portion 22 rises in an arc continuously from the chisel portion 25, and the excavation reversing portion 22 removes the subsoil excavated as the work progresses. It is raised according to the curved surface.
Further, in order to reverse the gravel on the bottom side, an inversion portion 22X in which a twist is applied to the curved surface of the arc is formed at the upper end portion of the excavation inversion portion 22.
[0009]
Further, a bottom portion 26 is located adjacent to the excavation reversing portion 22, and the bottom portion 26 is constituted by a earthing plate 27 and a shear 28 arranged along the lower edge of the earthing plate 27. Has been. The position of the shear 28 is shallower than the chisel portion 25 of the excavation reversing unit 22, in other words, the position corresponding to the hardened layer, and the soil of the hardened layer excavated by the shear 28 is located on the side of the earth plate 27. It is designed to be reversed to the direction.
[0010]
A surface plate 27A made of resin that is resistant to friction similar to the surface plate 24 of the excavation reversing unit 22 and has little friction with the soil is also fixed to the surface of the earth plate 27. There is no step between 27A and the soil can be smoothly turned upside down.
Further, the excavation reversing part 22 and the bottom part 26 have no step on the surfaces, and a continuous curved surface is formed, so that the reverse reversal of the gravel can be performed smoothly.
[0011]
A work machine is configured by attaching the excavation and tillage work unit 20 to each beam 21 attached to the work machine frame 11, and the work capacity as a work machine is determined by the number of the excavation and tillage work units 20. . In this working machine 10, for example, in the case of a triple-type working machine, the one shown in FIGS. Yes, the last excavation tillage work unit 20 at the end of the third station is equipped with the excavation tillage work unit 20 having a long land side 29 shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 to constitute the work machine 10.
As the number of stations increases, the lateral reaction force accompanying the reversal of rubble increases, and it is necessary to increase the area to receive this.
[0012]
When working with this work machine 10, the reaction force of the reverse release action is generated as in the case of the bottom plow, but the reaction force generated in the first and second stations is the third excavation and cultivation work. It is designed to be received by unit 20. Therefore, the third land side 29 is longer than the first and second land sides.
[0013]
A heel 29A is attached to the rear end portion of the land side 29 so as to come into contact with the debris bottom and stabilize the working posture of the working machine. A reinforcing stage 29B is connected between the rear end portion of the land side 29 and the back side of the bottom portion 26 so as to be able to withstand the load during work received by the bottom portion.
[0014]
These excavation and tillage work units 20 are all attached to the lower end portion of the beam 21 as described above, the front end portion of the land side 29 is bolted to the lower end side surface of the beam 21, and the rear end portion is the work traveling direction. It extends behind and can be attached to the rubble wall. The bolt that fixes the land side is determined to have a dimension that does not protrude from the width of the excavation reversing portion 22.
[0015]
In the above description, the third excavation / plowing work unit 20 has been described as different from the first and second stations, but the first and second excavation / plowing work units 20 are the same as those in the third series. The work machine 10 can also be configured by using it.
[0016]
In the above description, the working surface of the excavation reversing portion 22, in other words, the front surface thereof, and the working surface of the bottom portion 26, in other words, the front surface is constituted by a continuous curved surface, Although the excavation tillage work unit 20 that is plowed and reversed while being pressed while being in contact with both surfaces is shown in FIG. 9 and below, the working surface of the excavation reversing portion 22 and the working surface of the bottom portion 26 are shown in FIG. Is not continuous, and the working surface of the bottom portion 26 is located slightly behind the working surface of the excavation reversing unit 22, and the excavated soil excavated and reversed in the excavation reversing unit 22 is in progress of work. Immediately after cultivating, the soil is cultivated by the earthing plate 27 of the bottom part 26 that moves laterally.
As described above, in these drawings, the same parts and the same functional parts as those shown in FIG.
[0017]
Next, the state of the farm field performed using these working machines 10 will be described with reference to cross-sectional views. Among them, FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional shape of the field as a result of using the excavation and tillage work unit 20 shown in the first embodiment.
[0018]
Then, the soil A of the planned excavation portion rises while being excavated in front of the soil B of the planned excavation portion, and the soil B of the planned excavation portion of the soil B of the planned excavation region where the bottom portion 26 plows and excavates Reverse plowing while riding on the upper surface. In other words, the soil A of the planned excavation portion is reversed so that the soil A of the planned excavation portion enters below the soil B of the planned excavation portion.
Therefore, after passing the working machine, the soil A of the planned excavation is placed on the surface side of the soil B of the planned excavated portion that has been turned upside down.
[0019]
In this state, the subsoil is positioned above the inverted soil formation layer, and the soil is regenerated by being mixed with the soil formation layer. In this case, it is effective when the subsoil has a soil quality that is relatively close to the soil, and the work mode is full plowing and partial plowing.
[0020]
Moreover, although the state of the agricultural field performed using the excavation tillage work unit 20 shown in a reference example is shown in FIG. 18, each work result is demonstrated below. First, when the excavation / plowing work unit 20 according to the first embodiment is used, as shown in FIG. 17, the soil A in the planned excavation portion rises while being excavated to the front side of the soil B in the planned excavation portion, As the soil B of the planned soil portion is plowed by the bottom portion 26, the bottom portion 26 is reversely plowed while being located below the soil b of the planned soil generation portion. In other words, in the state of being reverse-plowed, it is riding in a state in which the soil a of the planned excavation portion that has been inverted is covered above the soil b of the planned excavation portion that has already been inverted. Therefore, after passing the working machine, the soil A of the planned excavation portion is positioned above the soil b of the planned excavation portion that has been turned upside down, and the soil B of the planned excavation portion is covered.
[0021]
In this state, the subsoil is positioned below the inverted soil layer, and the field cross-sectional shape is covered with the soil layer, so that the soil is not exposed to the field surface. Inverted, it becomes possible to maintain the field with no significant change in the soil layer as a whole field.
This work is adopted when the soil quality of the subsoil is poor and it is feared that the soil strength of the soil layer will deteriorate due to mixing with the soil layer.
However, since the entire plowing is partly plowed, the permeability of the entire field is improved.
[0022]
Further, when the excavation / plowing work unit 20 according to the reference example is used, as shown in FIG. 18, the soil A of the planned excavation portion is excavated to the front side of the soil B of the planned excavation portion, and excavated. Then, the soil B that is scheduled to be excavated is released at a position before the bottom portion 26 is tilled and excavated. Therefore, when the soil B planned to be plowed is released to the position immediately before the plowing is excavated, the soil A of the planned excavation portion is reversed and the soil A of the planned excavation portion is generated. While being under the soil B of the planned soil portion, it is reversely plowed by the bottom portion 26. In other words, in the inverted plowed state, the soil a of the planned excavation portion inverted below the soil b of the planned excavation portion already inverted is placed in the buried state. Therefore, after passing the work machine, the soil A of the inverted excavation portion is inverted and positioned below the soil b of the excavation portion that has been turned upside down. It is in a covered state.
[0023]
In this state, the excavated subsoil is positioned below the inverted soil layer, and the field cross-sectional shape is covered with the soil layer, and the soil is not exposed to the field surface, so only the soil layer This makes it possible to maintain the field without significant changes in the soil layer as a whole.
This work is adopted when the soil quality of the subsoil is poor and it is feared that the soil strength of the soil layer will deteriorate due to mixing with the soil layer.
However, since it is a full plowing partial deep plowing, the drainage performance of the whole field is improved.
[0024]
In any case, since the hardened layer formed in the field is crushed, the surface water can be permeated deeply in the field and contribute to prevention of moisture damage, and the root zone can be expanded.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the excavation and tillage working machine according to the present invention, the entire plowing and partial deep plowing work is completed in one work process. In addition, the obtained field has excellent drainage, and even in heavy rain, the surface water is drained to a deep position in the field, and surplus water does not accumulate on the surface. It is effective for improving the soil environment.
In addition, the soil layer can be completely reversed, and organic matter such as weeds existing on the surface can be buried, which is useful for countermeasures against weeds and effective use of organic matter.
Furthermore, it is possible to select whether the excavated subsoil is exposed to the surface of the field or to be buried by the selection of the excavator / plowing work unit, and according to the field environment, especially according to the soil quality of the subsoil. It is possible to carry out the work of maintaining the soil environment in the field and contribute to the field maintenance suitable for the climate of Japan.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of an excavation and tillage working machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the excavation and tillage working machine.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same excavation and tillage working machine.
FIG. 4 is a front view of an excavation and tillage working unit used in the working machine.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same excavation and tillage work unit.
[6] Also in the plan view of the drilling tilling unit.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of another embodiment of the excavation and tillage work unit.
FIG. 8 is a side view of the excavation and tillage work unit.
FIG. 9 is a front view of an excavation and tillage working machine according to a reference example of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a front view of an excavation and tillage working machine according to a reference example of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of an excavation and tillage working machine according to a reference example of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a front view of the excavation and tillage work unit.
FIG. 13 is a plan view of the excavation and tillage work unit.
FIG. 14 is a side view of the excavation and tillage work unit.
FIG. 15 is a plan view of a reference example of the excavation and tillage work unit.
FIG. 16 is a plan view of a reference example of the excavation and tillage work unit.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a field state when an excavation and tillage work unit is used.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a field state when another excavation and tillage work unit is used.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Work implement 11 Work implement frame 12 Cross frame 13 Mast 14 Hitch pin 14A Arm 15 Coulter 15A Coulter arm 20 Excavation plowing work unit 21 Beam 22 Excavation reversing portion 22X Reversing portion 23 Reinforcement plate 24 Surface plate 25 Chisel portion 26 Bottom portion 27 Excavation plate 28 Shea 29 Landside 29A Heel A Excavation portion of soil a Excavation and release soil B Excavation generation portion of soil b Excavation generation soil

Claims (3)

For excavator / plow working equipment that is equipped with excavator / pull reversing part for work implement frame that can be attached to tractor,
A beam having one end attached to the work machine frame, a chisel attached to the lower end of the beam, an excavation reversing portion provided continuously with the chisel, and the excavation A bottom portion having a base plate continuously expanded laterally with respect to the reversal portion;
The chisel portion is at the foremost and deepest position in the working direction,
The excavation reversal part forms a surface without a step which is continuous with the surface of the chisel part, and extends up from the chisel part in an arc toward the upper end,
The bottom portion is composed of the earth plate and a shear arranged at a position shallower than the chisel portion along the lower edge of the earth plate, and can be plowed and inverted at a position shallower than the work locus of the chisel portion. Configured as
An excavation plow working machine characterized in that the excavation reversal part and the excavation plate are configured to have a continuous curved surface having no step. 2. The excavation and tilling work machine according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of the excavation reversing parts are attached in a regular arrangement to the work machine frame. Claim 1, characterized in that said the upper part of the excavation inverting portion constituted the form an inverted portion excavated soil to reverse the originating earth plate side of the bottom portion so as to be plowed inverted Hatsudo plate side Excavation tillage work machine as described .

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