JP4003503B2 - Small swivel excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a small swivel excavator that swivels in a state in which the rear end of the upper swing body hardly protrudes outside the width of the lower traveling body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Among small hydraulic excavators, the so-called small swivel excavator in which the rear end turning radius of the upper revolving structure is set to approximately ½ of the width of the lower traveling structure, the rear end of the upper revolving structure is outside the width of the lower traveling structure. Therefore, it is suitable for work in narrow places such as urban construction and subway construction.
[0003]
With regard to such a small turning excavator, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-125742, a technique for arranging an engine obliquely is disclosed. Here, the engine is arranged obliquely, and the open / close shaft of the hood above the engine and the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the engine are crossed to improve the maintainability of the engine.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-125742, a hydraulic pump is connected to one side of the output shaft in the engine longitudinal direction, and a cooling device is arranged on the other side. A hydraulic oil tank is disposed in front of the cooling device, and a control valve is disposed in front of the hydraulic pump and below the floor.
[0005]
In such a configuration, the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank are largely separated from each other, and a large space is required for the routing of the suction pipe that is difficult to bend because it has the maximum diameter in the pipe on the swivel frame. It will be. In addition, if the control valve is placed under the floor, it is necessary to remove the floor plate or perform maintenance from a maintenance hole provided below the frame, which makes the control valve less maintainable. There was a problem.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a small swivel excavator that can effectively use the space of a swivel frame.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the upper swing body is mounted on the lower traveling body so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis, and the rear end turning radius of the upper swing body is approximately ½ of the width dimension of the lower traveling body. In a small swivel excavator that is set and equipment is installed on the swivel frame of the upper swivel body, the power source at the rear part of the swivel frame is a horizontally long posture in the left-right direction, and both left and right ends are front and rear. The hydraulic pump is disposed at one end side closer to the rear of the left and right ends of the power source, and the cooling device is disposed at the other end side closer to the front than the one end side. A fuel tank is disposed in front of the hydraulic pump via a predetermined space, a hydraulic oil tank is disposed in the space, and a swivel joint disposed at the center of rotation is disposed in front of the power source. Sandwich The fuel tank on the end side, the control valve is arranged on the other end, it is arranged cab one lateral side upper surface of the rotating frame, and wherein said fuel tank is disposed under the floor of the cab To do. Note that “approximately ½” means that the rear end of the turning frame does not come out of the width of the lower traveling body, or comes out only within the range of ½ of the vehicle width + 10% thereof.
[0008]
According to the above configuration, the power source is disposed at the rear of the swing frame in a horizontally long posture in the left-right direction and in an inclined state in which the left and right ends are displaced forward and backward. Space is almost never occupied by power sources alone. In other words, the shape of the power source is almost determined to satisfy its function, but by arranging it in such an inclined state, a certain space (in front of the side where the power source is retracted from the left-right direction ( (Predetermined space) can be secured. In that case, for example, a fuel tank having a high degree of freedom in shape can be arranged under the floor of a cab installed in front of the power source, and a large hydraulic oil tank can be arranged in this empty space. In this way, it is possible to give a margin to the device arrangement on the turning frame.
[0009]
In addition, a hydraulic pump is disposed on one end side closer to the rear of the left and right ends of the power source, and a cooling device is disposed on the other end side closer to the front than the one end side. Since a fuel tank is disposed in front of the fuel tank through a predetermined space, and a hydraulic oil tank is disposed in the space, the suction piping on the swivel frame is less routed. Thus, it is possible to give a further margin to the arrangement of the devices on the turning frame.
[0010]
Further, in front of the power source, the fuel tank on one end sides of the swivel joint arranged in the turning center, since the control valve on the other end side are arranged, and effectively utilizing the maximum width of the revolving frame arrangement As a result, the capacity of the fuel tank is secured and the maintainability of the control valve is improved.
[0011]
Furthermore , a driver's cab is arranged on the upper surface on the left and right sides of the swivel frame, and the fuel tank is arranged under the floor of the driver's cab, so that other equipment can be arranged at a high vehicle height. Is facilitated.
[0012]
As in the invention of claim 2, wherein said hydraulic oil tank, in plan view, if it is formed in a fan shape that opens toward the outside of the revolving frame, arranged obliquely to the power source and the fuel tank ( Alternatively, the maximum capacity of the hydraulic oil tank can be obtained from the cab.
[0013]
As in the invention of claim 3, wherein said hydraulic oil tank, if it is formed so as to at least partly penetrate below the hydraulic pump, it is possible to make even the tank capacity.
[0014]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the swivel frame includes a maintenance opening and a cover that covers the opening at an end on the side where the control valve and the cooling device are provided. If so, the control valve and the cooling device can be easily maintained by opening the cover. In this way, maintenance of necessary equipment is facilitated.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a so-called small turning excavator among small hydraulic excavators. The vehicle body of the small swivel excavator is provided to protrude from the lower traveling body 1, the upper revolving body 2 mounted on the lower traveling body 1 so as to be rotatable around the vertical axis, and the front end portion of the upper revolving body 2. An excavation attachment (not shown) constituted by a boom or the like pivotally attached to the working device support part so as to be swingable to the left and right, a dozer 3 pivotally attached to the lower traveling body 1 and the like.
[0016]
The lower traveling body 1 is composed of left and right crawler frames 4 and crawlers (both are shown only on one side) 5, and both side crawlers 5 are individually rotated and driven by left and right traveling motors 7.
[0017]
The upper swing body 2 includes a swing frame 8 having a rear end swing radius set to approximately ½ of the width dimension of the lower traveling body 1 and a counterweight 9, and a driver's cab is formed on the swing frame 8. A substantially hermetically sealed cabin 83 and equipment such as an engine described later and a hydraulic pump driven by the engine are installed.
[0018]
Of these, the cabin 83 is formed in a box shape having a ceiling, front and rear walls, and left and right side walls as peripheral walls, and is shielded from outside air to protect the driver from external noise, dust, etc. The air conditioner 85 is provided in order to ensure the habitability. Hereinafter, the equipment layout in the turning frame 8 which is a feature of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0019]
2A and 2B are views showing a detailed configuration of a turning frame of a small turning excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a transverse sectional view and FIG. 2B is a longitudinal sectional view. In FIG. 2A, the left is the front side, the right is the rear, the same is the right, and the lower is the left.
[0020]
As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the revolving frame 8 has a slightly flat columnar shape with the front side cut off, and the floor 84 (operating room) of the cabin 83 is substantially left half from the front side to the center. A lower flat portion is formed (this floor 84 is indicated by a broken line in FIG. 2A). The swivel frame 8 is set to be shorter in the front and rear and slightly longer in the left and right as compared with that of the normal small hydraulic excavator.
[0021]
In this embodiment, the engine 81 (shown as E / G in FIG. 2) 81 at the rear of the turning frame 8 has a horizontally long posture in the left-right direction, but the longitudinal direction is the turning frame. The left and right ends are arranged in an inclined state so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the center line in the left and right direction, and the left and right ends are displaced forward and backward. A radiator (also R / D) 808 as a cooling device and an oil cooler (also O / C) 809 as the cooling device are disposed on the right end side (one end side) near the front of the engine 81 in the inclined state. Are arranged in order toward the outside, and a hydraulic pump (also P) 807 is disposed on the left end side (the other end side) closer to the rear than the right end, and the engine 81 is swung in front of the engine 81. A swivel motor (also S / M) 803 and a control valve (same C / V) 801 are arranged in sequence on the right side of a swivel joint (same S / J) 804 disposed at the center of rotation of the frame 8. And an air conditioner (similarly A / C) 85 and a fuel tank 86 are arranged in order on the left side of the hydraulic pump 807 and the fuel tank 86. Hydraulic oil tank in the space (corresponding to a predetermined space) to be made (also, H / T) has a configuration in which 82 is disposed. Reference numeral 802 denotes an operation pattern switching valve (same as M / V), and 805 denotes a battery (same as BAT). Here, the equipment is arranged around the swivel joint 804 because the fuel tank 86 and the control valve 801 can be arranged close to the outer peripheral wall that is the maximum width of the swivel frame 8, This is because it is possible to secure the capacity of the fuel tank 86 and improve the maintainability of the control valve 801.
[0022]
The engine 81 is, for example, a diesel engine, and a hydraulic pump 807 is connected to the left end of the output shaft extending left and right. A fan (not shown) is attached to the right end of the radiator, and the radiator 808 and the oil cooler 809 are cooled by the fan.
[0023]
The hydraulic oil tank 82 is a steel plate tank that stores hydraulic oil for each hydraulic device. The hydraulic oil tank 82 is a fan-shaped opening that opens toward the outside of the swivel frame 2 in a plan view so as to be accommodated in the space between the hydraulic pump 807 and the fuel tank 86 generated by the oblique arrangement of the engine 81. Is formed.
[0024]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the hydraulic oil tank 82 includes a fan-shaped ceiling surface 82a and bottom surface 82b, and a front surface 82c bent with a predetermined curvature along the outer wall of the swivel frame 8, respectively. It consists of a right side 82d, a rear side 82e, and a left side 82f formed in a rectangular shape.
[0025]
By the way, as shown in FIG.2 (b), although the hydraulic pump 807 normally has a space below it, it is good also as utilizing the space further. For example, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, a protrusion 821 can be provided on the lower left side of the rear surface 82 e of the hydraulic oil tank 82. The protrusion 821 has a height that enters the lower side of the hydraulic pump 807 and has a dimension that does not contact the main body of the engine 81. Thereby, the maximum capacity of the hydraulic oil tank 82 can be obtained. Depending on the arrangement of other devices on the swivel frame 8, the entire hydraulic oil tank 82 may be stored below the hydraulic pump 807.
[0026]
Although not shown, the fuel filler port extends to the outer peripheral wall of the swivel frame 8, and the tank 82 can be fueled. In addition, the oil drain port is capped at a position accessible to the operator from below the swivel frame 8, and the worker can remove the cap and collect the oil drain during maintenance.
[0027]
Although a part of the air conditioner 85 (the condenser and the air conditioner unit are provided here, the condenser is ignored) protrudes into the seat stand 87, most of the unit is the cabin of the swivel frame 8. 83 (hereinafter, a portion set below the floor is simply referred to as an air conditioner 85).
[0028]
The fuel tank 86 is a tank for storing the fuel of the engine 81, and is made of, for example, a synthetic resin with good processability. Although not shown, the oil filler port extends to the outer peripheral wall of the revolving frame 8, and the tank 86 can be refueled. The fuel tank 86 is disposed below the floor 84 of the cabin 83 together with the air conditioner 85. However, because of its good workability, the layout is easy even in such a narrow place. And since other equipment can be arranged in a place with a high vehicle height, the layout is facilitated.
[0029]
In addition, an opening 811 having a size capable of maintaining the control valve 801, the radiator 808, the oil cooler 809, and the like is provided on the right side of the revolving frame 8, and a cover portion for covering the opening 811 during non-maintenance. 812 is provided. The cover portion 812 is made of a steel plate made of the same material as the outer wall, and is bolted around the opening portion 811 of the outer wall, but may be hinged to the opening portion 811 so as to be openable and closable. Then, by opening the cover portion 812, necessary equipment can be easily maintained.
[0030]
In addition, an infinite number of pipes and electric cables for connecting the above-described devices and the like are arranged on the revolving frame 8, but these arrangements are not shown in the drawing. However, it goes without saying that the arrangement of each device is determined so that the piping and the electric cable are as short as possible.
[0031]
As described above, in this embodiment, the engine 81 is disposed at the rear part of the revolving frame 8 in a horizontally long posture in the left-right direction and in an inclined state in which the left and right ends are displaced forward and backward. The space behind the swivel frame is hardly occupied by the engine 81 alone. That is, the shape of the engine 81 is almost determined in order to satisfy its function. However, by arranging the engine 81 in such an inclined state, a certain space is provided in front of the side where the power source is retracted from the left-right direction. Can be secured. In that case, for example, the fuel tank 86 having a high degree of freedom in shape can be arranged below the floor 84 of the cabin 83 installed in front of the engine 81, and the large hydraulic oil tank 82 can be arranged in this empty space. . In this way, it is possible to give a margin to the device arrangement on the turning frame.
[0032]
In addition, a hydraulic pump 807 is disposed on one end side closer to the rear of the left and right ends of the engine 81, and a radiator 808 and an oil cooler 809 are disposed on the other end side closer to the front than the one end side. Since the fuel tank 86 is disposed in front of the hydraulic pump 807 through the predetermined space and the hydraulic oil tank 82 is disposed in this space, the suction piping on the revolving frame 8 is less routed, In combination with the inclined arrangement of the engine 81, it is possible to give a further margin to the arrangement of the equipment on the turning frame 8.
[0033]
In the above-described embodiment, the shape of the hydraulic oil tank 82 is formed in a fan shape in a plan view, but can be any other shape that can realize a large capacity. In addition, the entire revolving frame 8 may be arranged in the left-right direction opposite to the above, and it is needless to say that the tank may have a shape corresponding to such an arrangement.
[0034]
In the above embodiment, the swing motor 803 is disposed between the control valve 801 and the swivel joint 804. However, since the swing motor 803 is not necessarily a large-sized device, the swing motor 803 is disposed at another location. May be.
[0035]
In the above embodiment, the air conditioner 85 is disposed between the swivel joint 804 and the fuel tank 86. However, when the cabin 83 is not provided, the air conditioner 85 needs to be equipped. In such a case, there is a margin for device arrangement.
[0036]
Moreover, although the case where the engine 81 was used as a power source was demonstrated in the said embodiment, power sources other than the engine 81 may be sufficient, for example, when an electric motor is used as a power source, as a cooling device The radiator 808 is not necessary.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rear space of the swing frame of the upper swing body is hardly occupied only by the power source. In other words, the shape of the power source is almost determined to satisfy its function, but by arranging it in such an inclined state, a certain space is provided in front of the side where the power source is retracted from the left-right direction. Can be secured. In that case, for example, a fuel tank having a high degree of freedom in shape can be arranged under the floor of a cab installed in front of the power source, and a large hydraulic oil tank can be arranged in this empty space. In this way, it is possible to give a margin to the device arrangement on the turning frame. Further, the suction piping on the revolving frame is less routed, and in combination with the inclined arrangement of the power source, it is possible to give a further margin to the device arrangement on the revolving frame.
[0038]
Furthermore , it is possible to effectively utilize the maximum width of the swivel frame, thereby securing the capacity of the fuel tank and improving the maintainability of the control valve.
[0039]
Furthermore , since other devices can be arranged at a high vehicle height, the layout can be facilitated.
[0040]
According to invention of Claim 2, the maximum capacity | capacitance of a hydraulic-oil tank can be obtained between the motive power source and fuel tank (or cab) which were inclinedly arranged.
[0041]
According to invention of Claim 3 , a tank capacity | capacitance can be earned further.
[0042]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the control valve and the cooling device can be easily maintained by opening the cover. In this way, maintenance of necessary equipment is facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a small turning excavator.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory views showing a schematic structure under a cabin floor of a small-swivel excavator according to the present embodiment, where FIG. 2A is a transverse sectional view and FIG. 2B is a longitudinal sectional view;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a hydraulic oil tank according to the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper turning body 8 Turning frame 81 Engine (equivalent to a power source)
82 Hydraulic oil tanks 82a to 82f Each side of hydraulic oil tank 83 cabin (equivalent to cab)
84 Floor 85 Air conditioning device 86 Fuel tank 801 Control valve 802 Operation pattern switching valve 803 Swing motor 804 Swivel joint 805 Battery 807 Hydraulic pump 808 Radiator (equivalent to cooling device)
809 Oil cooler (equivalent to cooling device)
811 Opening part 812 Cover part 821 Protruding part of hydraulic oil tank

Claims (4)

An upper swing body is mounted on the lower traveling body so as to be pivotable about the vertical axis, the rear end turning radius of the upper swing body is set to approximately ½ of the width dimension of the lower traveling body, and the upper swing body In a small swivel excavator where equipment is installed on the swivel frame of the body,
A power source is arranged at the rear of the revolving frame in a horizontally long posture in the left-right direction, and in an inclined state in which the left and right ends are displaced forward and backward,
A hydraulic pump is disposed on one end side closer to the rear of the left and right ends of the power source, and a cooling device is disposed on the other end side closer to the front than the one end side,
A fuel tank is disposed in front of the hydraulic pump via a predetermined space,
A hydraulic oil tank is disposed in the space ,
In front of the power source, the fuel tank is disposed on one end side with a swivel joint disposed at the center of rotation, and a control valve is disposed on the other end side,
A small swivel excavator, characterized in that a driver's cab is disposed on the upper surface of one side of the swivel frame, and the fuel tank is disposed under the floor of the cab . 2. The small swivel excavator according to claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic oil tank is formed in a fan shape that opens toward the outside of the swivel frame in a plan view . 3. The small swivel excavator according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the hydraulic oil tank is formed so that at least a part thereof enters below the hydraulic pump . The swivel frame includes a maintenance opening at an end portion on the side where the control valve and the cooling device are provided, and a cover portion covering the opening. A small swivel excavator as described in any of the above.

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