JP4003382B2 - Generator and electronically controlled mechanical clock - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a generator and an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a flat torque motor type generator in which a magnet is attached to the inner surface side of two upper and lower disk-shaped back yokes and a coil is disposed between these back yokes is known.
[0003]
Conventionally, the following two types of flat torque motor type generators have been used.
[0004]
That is, the first type of generator is formed by winding a coil disposed between two upper and lower back yokes from the center like a generator described in, for example, European Patent Application No. 0851322. It was formed in a disk shape, half from the center of this coil was placed between each back yoke, and the other half side was placed outside the back yoke.
[0005]
Further, the second type generator uses a hollow coil having a hollow portion at the center as in the generator described in JP-A-3-218493, and the number of coils and magnets is the same. In addition, by arranging the coils and the magnets at the same pitch so that a state where each magnet is disposed across the center portion between two adjacent coils is generated, the entire coil can be disposed between the two back yokes. It was like that.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the first type generator has a problem that a magnetic field from a magnet attached to each back yoke can be applied only to one side (half area) of the coil. For this reason, in order to increase the power generation amount by the coil, there is a problem that the magnetic field is strengthened, that is, a strong magnet is required, and the magnet becomes larger and the rotor becomes heavier.
[0007]
Further, in the second type generator, since power cannot be generated unless the directions of magnetic fluxes are opposite to each other on both sides of the center of one coil, each magnet can be sized so as to be disposed across two coils. There is a problem that the rotor must be increased in size, and the rotor becomes heavier.
[0008]
Further, when a magnetic field in the opposite direction is applied to one coil from two magnets, the center of the coil is a hollow portion so that the area can be clearly distinguished.
[0009]
In these generators, the rotor originally has two back yokes and has a certain amount of weight, and the rotor becomes very heavy when the magnet is enlarged.
[0010]
When this rotor becomes heavy, it is necessary to increase the torque for rotating the rotor, and there is a problem that power generation efficiency is lowered.
[0011]
In addition, when the rotor is heavy, there is a problem that the frictional wear of the rotor tenon increases and the useful life is shortened accordingly.
[0012]
Further, in an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece incorporating such a generator, there is a demand for extending the duration by reducing the size and weight of the generator and improving the power generation efficiency.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a generator capable of reducing the weight of a rotor and improving power generation efficiency in a flat torque motor type generator, and an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece incorporating the generator.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The generator of the present invention is
In a generator for converting mechanical energy transmitted from a mechanical energy source through mechanical energy transmission means into electrical energy,
Two plates arranged opposite to each other, and a rotor having a plurality of magnets provided on each plate so as to face each other;
A plurality of coils disposed between the two plates and disposed so that both side surfaces face the opposing surfaces of the plates;
A magnetic body composed of a core portion around which the coil is wound and flange portions formed at both ends of the core portion is disposed,
The magnetic body is made of a high permeability material,
The magnet is sized not to straddle two coils
It is characterized by that.
[0015]
In the generator of the present invention, since the magnetic body is disposed at the center portion of the coil disposed between the plates, more specifically, at the center portion in the plane direction parallel to the plate facing surface of the coil, Since the magnetic body that penetrates the coil is arranged in the direction from one plate to the other plate, the magnetic flux lines from the magnets of each plate (magnetic flux lines from the magnet of one plate to the magnet of the other plate) Also passes through magnetic material with high permeability. And when a plate rotates and a magnet moves with respect to a coil, the magnetic flux line which passes along this magnetic body changes, and electric power generation is performed.
[0016]
That is, in the present invention, although it is a flat torque motor type generator, a magnetic body serving as a magnetic core is provided, and a coil is wound around this magnetic body. Instead of generating electricity, it can generate electricity by changing the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic material.
[0017]
For this reason, since it is possible to generate electric power using the entire coil for a flat torque motor type generator that applies a magnetic field only to one side of the conventional coil (the first type), when obtaining the same amount of power generation The magnet may be weaker than before, and the magnet can be reduced in size and the rotor can be reduced in weight.
[0018]
In addition, for a flat torque motor generator of a type that uses a hollow coil and uses a large magnet straddling two coils (the second type), it is necessary to straddle the magnets over the two coils. Since there is not, it can be made into a smaller magnet and a rotor can also be reduced in weight.
[0019]
Accordingly, since the rotor can be reduced in weight, the power generation efficiency can be improved, the frictional wear of the rotor tenon can be reduced, and the service life can be extended.
[0020]
In addition, the magnet provided in the said plate may be provided in the mutually opposing surface (inner surface) of each plate, may be provided in the outer surface (outer surface) of each plate, and also one magnet is attached to the inner surface. The other magnet may be provided on the outer surface.
[0021]
Further, in the present invention, the plate means a thin plate material formed in a disk shape or the like, and the planar shape thereof may be a triangle, a quadrangle, etc., but it is particularly circular, that is, the plate may be a disk. preferable.
[0022]
Here, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic body arranged in the central portion of the coil in the direction perpendicular to the axis is formed in a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape or a sector shape.
[0023]
Compared to the case where the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the magnetic substance arranged in the center of the coil (the cross-sectional shape in the plane direction parallel to the opposing surface of the plate) is a circle, it should be either a triangle, trapezoid or fan If the number of turns and the size (area) of the coil are the same, the cross-sectional area of the magnetic body can be increased. For this reason, when the coil size and the number of turns are the same, the number of flux linkages can be increased, and the power generation performance can be further improved.
[0024]
On the other hand, if the cross-sectional area of the magnetic material at the coil center is the same, the magnetic material with a triangular, trapezoidal, or fan-shaped cross section on the circumference centered on the axis of the plate on which the coil center is arranged is more than a magnetic material with a circular cross section. In this case, the length occupied by the magnetic material can be shortened, and the number of coil turns can be increased correspondingly, thereby improving the power generation performance.
[0025]
The magnet provided on the rotor is arranged on a circumference centered on the rotation axis of the rotor on the opposing surface of the plate, and the magnet is arranged on the center of the coil where the magnetic material is inserted. It is preferable to arrange | position on the circumference to be done.
[0026]
With this configuration, when the plate is rotated with respect to the coil, when the magnet and the magnetic body are closest, the magnetic path between the magnet of one plate, the magnetic body, and the magnet of the other plate is Can be the shortest in a straight line. For this reason, the gap | interval distance in a magnetic path becomes short, and permeance can be reduced.
[0027]
It is preferable that the magnetic body disposed at the coil central portion is made of an amorphous material.
[0028]
If the magnetic material is an amorphous material, iron loss in the magnetic material can be reduced, and when the rotor is rotated by a mechanical energy source such as a spring, the energy loss can be reduced and the length can be maintained.
[0030]
If the magnetic body has a core portion and a flange portion and is formed in a bobbin shape, the coil can be easily wound around the magnetic body. Further, since the coil can be wound without using the bond met wire, the winding efficiency can be improved.
[0031]
In addition, the flange can be used to easily fix the coil to the substrate or the like, and since the flange is provided, the area of the magnet facing surface of the magnetic material can be increased, and the magnetic flux emitted from the magnet can be It is easy to flow through the magnetic material, and leakage flux can be reduced.
[0032]
Further, the magnetic body disposed in the coil central portion is composed of an assembly of a plurality of elongated rod-like magnetic bodies, and the longitudinal direction of the rod-like magnetic bodies is a magnetic flux line generated by a magnet provided on each plate. It is preferable that they are arranged parallel to the direction. Thus, if one magnetic body is made thin, eddy current loss can be reduced correspondingly, and power generation performance can be improved.
[0033]
Moreover, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the said rod-shaped magnetic body is either a regular triangle, a square, or a regular hexagon. If comprised in this way, since each rod-shaped magnetic body can be arranged without gap, the effective cross-sectional area (area except a clearance gap part) of the rod-shaped magnetic body within a predetermined area can be enlarged, and electric power generation performance can be improved. Moreover, the stability when a plurality of rod-like magnetic bodies are bundled can be improved.
[0034]
The magnetic body arranged at the coil central portion is formed by winding a thin plate-like magnetic body, and the central axis direction thereof is arranged in parallel to the direction of the magnetic flux lines generated by the magnets provided on the respective plates. Is preferred. Specifically, when a thin plate-like magnetic body formed in a strip shape is wound into a cylindrical shape, the cylindrical end surface portion may be disposed so as to face each plate.
[0035]
If constituted in this way, since the magnetic material formed in a sheet shape can be used as it is, even in the case of an amorphous material formed in a sheet shape, it can be easily used.
[0036]
Moreover, it is preferable that the rotor magnets are provided in even pairs, and magnets arranged adjacent to each other and magnets arranged opposite to each other are different from each other.
[0037]
As for the arrangement of the magnets, only N-pole magnets may be arranged on one plate, and only S-pole magnets may be arranged on the other plate. However, in each plate, in the circumferential direction around its rotation axis. The N pole and S pole magnets are alternately arranged so that the magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction have different polarities, and the magnets arranged opposite to each other on both plates have different polarities, Since the magnetic flux easily flows through the magnetic material at the center of the coil and the magnetic flux change can be increased, the number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes can be increased and the power generation performance can be improved.
[0038]
Further, it is preferable that the number of coils is an odd number and the number of rotor magnets is an even number pair. For example, when there are three coils, four pairs of magnets (four on each plate) can be arranged, and when there are five coils, four pairs of magnets (four on each plate) can be arranged. That's fine.
[0039]
If comprised in this way, when the magnetic body and magnet of one coil center part are coaxially arranged, since the magnetic body and magnet of another coil will be arrange | positioned in the position mutually shifted, all Compared with the case where the magnetic body and each magnet are aligned on the same axis, the cogging torque generated when the magnet of the rotor is attracted to the magnetic body can be reduced, and the startability of the rotor can be improved.
[0040]
Here, when the number of coils is Nc and the number of magnet pairs is Nm (where Nc and Nm are even numbers), when Nc <Nm, the value of Nm / Nc is not an integer, and when Nc> Nm It is preferable that the value of Nc / Nm is not an integer.
[0041]
For example, Nm / Nc = 6/4 = 1.25 may be set as in the case where the number of coils (Nc) is four and the number of magnet pairs (Nm) is six. Normally, the coils and magnets are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference around the rotation axis of the rotor. However, if configured as in the present invention, all the coils and magnets are arranged coaxially. Thus, the cogging torque can be reduced as compared with the case where the number of coils and magnet pairs is the same.
[0042]
In addition, at least one of the mechanical energy transmission means that contacts the rotor and transmits mechanical energy to the rotor is configured by a gear, and at least one of the pinion and the shaft that meshes with the rotor is configured by a non-magnetic material. It is preferable.
[0043]
If the pinion and shaft of the gear that meshes with the rotor closest to the rotor are made of a non-magnetic material, the magnetic flux generated from the rotor magnet will not be linked to the gear components, preventing eddy current loss and generating efficiency. Can be improved. Moreover, the rotor startability from a rotor stop state can also be improved.
[0044]
The electronically controlled mechanical timepiece of the present invention is driven by the electrical energy supplied from the generator and controls the rotation cycle of the generator, and rotates together with the generator by a mechanical energy source to control the rotation. And a pointer that is speed-controlled by the device.
[0045]
According to such an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece, the downsizing of the timepiece can be realized by reducing the size of the generator, or the duration time is extended, so that a timepiece having a long duration can be provided.
[0046]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a power supply device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a main part of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100 incorporating a generator 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof.
[0047]
The electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100 includes a barrel 1 composed of a mainspring 1a, barrel barrel 1b, barrel barrel true, and barrel lid 1d. The mainspring 1a is fixed to the barrel complete 1b at the outer end and to the barrel full at the inner end. The barrel barrel true is inserted into a support member provided on the main plate 2 and fixed by a square hole screw 5, and rotates integrally with the square hole wheel 4. The main plate 2 is attached with a disk-shaped dial 2b.
[0048]
The rotation of the barrel wheel 1b is accelerated through the second wheel 7, the third wheel 8, the fourth wheel 9, the fifth wheel 10, and the sixth wheel 11 which are speed-up wheels. Each of these number wheels 7 to 11 is pivotally supported by the main plate 2, the train wheel bridge 3, and the second wheel 3A. These number wheels 7 to 11 constitute mechanical energy transmission means for transmitting mechanical energy from the mainspring 1a (the barrel gear 1b) which is a mechanical energy source.
[0049]
The second wheel 7 is connected to the hour pinion 7a, the minute hand 13 is connected to the hour wheel 7a, the second hand 14 is engaged to the third wheel 8 and the second hand 14 is engaged to the hour wheel 7a via the minute wheel. Each hour hand 15 is fixed.
[0050]
The generator 20 of the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100 is a flat torque motor type generator composed of a rotor 30 and a coil 40 as shown in FIG.
[0051]
The rotor 30 includes a rotary shaft 32 that is pivotally supported on the main plate 2 and the train wheel bridge 3 via an anti-seismic bearing 31, two disks (plates) 33 and 34 disposed near both ends of the rotary shaft 32, The circular magnets 35 and 36 fixed to the mutually opposing surfaces 33A and 34A of the disks 33 and 34 and the rotor pinion 37 with which the sixth wheel & pinion 11 is engaged are configured.
[0052]
The magnets 35 and 36 are composed of high-performance magnets such as samarium / cobalt magnets (BHma = 32MOe), and accordingly, the magnet volume is reduced and the weight is reduced. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, four magnets 35 and 36 are attached to each of the disks 33 and 34, respectively, and the circumference around the rotating shaft 32 of the rotor 30 (the dashed line shown in FIG. 5). 38) at equal intervals (intersection angle of the alternate long and short dash line 39 connecting the magnets 35, 36 and the rotation shaft 32, that is, the central angle is 90 degrees).
[0053]
The magnet 35 of the disk 33 is fixed to the disk 33 so that the magnets 35 adjacent to each other along the circumference 38 have different polarities, that is, an N-pole magnet (the pole on the surface side of the magnet is an N-pole). The magnet 35B of the poles on the back side is the S pole 35A and the S poles (the pole on the front side of the magnet is the S pole and the pole on the back side fixed to the disk 33 is the N pole). Alternatingly arranged along.
[0054]
Similarly, the magnets 36 of the disk 34 are arranged so that the magnets 36 adjacent to each other along the circumference 38 have different polarities, that is, the N-pole magnet 36A and the S-pole magnet 36B are arranged along the circumference 38. Are alternately arranged. Further, in the magnets 35 and 36 of the respective disks 33 and 34, the S-pole magnets 36B are opposed to the N-pole magnets 35A so that the opposing magnets have different polarities, that is, the S-pole magnets 35B. The N-pole magnet 36A is arranged oppositely. Therefore, the directions of the magnetic flux lines 43 are alternately reversed.
[0055]
Three coils 40 are arranged between the disks 33 and 34. The coil 40 is configured by winding a uremet wire around a magnetic body 45 disposed at the center thereof. For this reason, the magnetic body 45 includes a core portion 45A around which the coil 40 is wound and flange portions 45B formed at both ends of the core portion 45A, and is configured in a bobbin shape. It is arranged to penetrate in the direction. 3, the flange portion 45B may be formed to have a diameter approximately the same as the diameter of the coil 40, as in the case of the magnetic body 45 disposed on the left side of the rotation shaft 32, or the magnetic body disposed on the right side. It may be formed with a diameter smaller than that of the coil 40 as in 45, or may be formed with a diameter larger than that of the coil 40.
[0056]
The magnetic body 45 has a sufficient cross-sectional area so that the magnetic flux generated by the opposing magnets 35 and 36 can pass through without being saturated. In addition, the magnetic body 45 is made of a high material such as PC permalloy material, PB permalloy material, pure iron, silicon steel plate, permendur, iron (Fe) -based amorphous metal, PD permalloy material, Co-based amorphous material, and nanocrystalline soft magnetic material. It is comprised with the magnetic permeability material.
[0057]
Further, since there is the flange portion 45B, the height of the magnetic body 45 is made larger than the height of the coil 40, and the magnets 35 and 36 are arranged closer to that.
[0058]
Each of these coils 40 is disposed such that the side surface (the end surface of the coil 40 on the flange portion 45B side) faces the opposing surfaces 33A and 34A of the respective disks 33 and 34. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the intersection angle of the alternate long and short dash line 42 connecting the center of the coil 40 and the rotation axis 32, that is, the center angle is 120 degrees, and the centers of the coil 40 are equally spaced on the circumference 38. It is arranged to become.
[0059]
The coil 40 is attached to the circuit board 41. This attachment structure may be set as appropriate. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, if a part of the flange portion 45B of the magnetic body 45 is extended and the extension portion is attached to the circuit board 41 with an adhesive, a screw, or the like. Good. Note that the end of the coil 40 is appropriately connected to the circuit of the circuit board 41.
[0060]
When the generator 20 configured as described above is used, when the rotor 30 is rotated by mechanical energy from the mainspring 1a, the magnets 35 and 36 sequentially pass on the coils 40. At this time, since the magnetic body 45 has higher magnetic permeability than each coil 40, the magnetic flux from one magnet of the magnets 35 and 36 passes through the magnetic body 45 disposed at the center of each coil 40 and the other magnet. Flowing into. And since each magnet 35,36 moves and the magnetic flux which passes along the magnetic body 45 (links) changes, an electromotive voltage will generate | occur | produce in each coil 40 and electric power generation will be performed. Furthermore, when the magnets 35 and 36 move and the next magnets 35 and 36 approach, the direction of the magnetic flux lines 43 also changes, so that the change in magnetic flux interlinking the magnetic body 45 becomes larger and a larger electromotive voltage is obtained. It is done.
[0061]
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control circuit in the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100.
[0062]
The generator 20 is driven by the mainspring 1a via the speed increasing gear trains 7 to 11, and generates an induced power to supply electric energy. The AC output from the generator 20 is stepped up and rectified through a rectifier circuit 61 including step-up rectification, full-wave rectification, half-wave rectification, transistor rectification, and the like, and is charged and supplied to a power supply circuit 60 composed of a capacitor and the like.
[0063]
The rotation control device 50 is driven by the electric power supplied from the power supply circuit 60. The rotation control device 50 includes an oscillation circuit 51, a frequency dividing circuit 52, a rotor rotation detection circuit 53, and a braking control circuit 55.
[0064]
The oscillation circuit 51 outputs an oscillation signal (32768 Hz) using a crystal resonator 51A which is a time standard source, and this oscillation signal is frequency-divided to a certain period by a frequency dividing circuit 52 composed of a 12-stage flip-flop or the like. . The twelfth stage output Q12 of the frequency divider 52 is output as an 8 Hz reference signal fs.
[0065]
The rotation detection circuit 53 detects the rotation based on the output of the generator 20, etc., and outputs a rotation detection signal FG1.
[0066]
The braking control circuit 55 compares the rotation detection signal FG1 of the rotation detection circuit 53 with the reference signal fs from the frequency dividing circuit 52, and outputs a signal CH for adjusting the speed of the generator 20 to the generator 20 according to the difference. is doing. The speed control mechanism of the generator 20 is operated by this signal, and the generator 20 is controlled so as to be synchronized with the reference signal fs.
[0067]
The speed control method of the generator 20 is, for example, closed loop between the terminals of the generator 20 and applying a short brake to control the brake, or connecting a variable resistor or the like to the generator 20 to coil the generator 20. The brake is controlled by changing the value of the current flowing through the motor.
[0068]
According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
[0069]
1) Since the magnetic body 45 is arranged at the center of the coil 40, magnetic flux can be linked to the magnetic body 45, and power can be generated by changing the magnetic flux. For this reason, compared with the conventional flat torque motor type generator, since it is not necessary to generate electricity using the entire coil or to use a large magnet straddling two coils, the magnet can be reduced in size and the rotor 30 can be reduced in weight. it can. That is, even if the magnets 35 and 36 having the same performance are used, the required magnet volume can be reduced, and the generator 20 can be reduced in size and cost, and the rotor 30 can be reduced in weight.
[0070]
2) Since the rotor 30 can be reduced in weight, loss due to friction can be reduced and power generation efficiency can be improved. For this reason, the duration of equipment such as the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100 incorporating the generator 20 can be extended, and downsizing of the equipment can be realized.
[0071]
3) Further, by reducing the weight of the rotor 30, the frictional wear of the rotor mortise (rotating shaft 32) can be reduced and the service life can be extended.
[0072]
In addition, even if a device such as the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100 in which the generator 20 is incorporated is dropped, the rotating shaft 32 can be prevented from being bent or broken. Furthermore, since the seismic bearing 31 is used as the bearing of the rotating shaft 32, it is possible to more reliably prevent bending and bending when receiving an impact.
[0073]
4) In a conventional generator using a hollow coil, the hollow portion must be formed to a certain size. However, in this embodiment, the magnetic body 45 is disposed at the center, so that the winding is smaller than that of the hollow coil. The number can be increased, and the size of the magnet can be reduced and the power generation performance can be improved accordingly.
[0074]
On the other hand, if the power generation amount is the same, the required magnetic flux density can be reduced, so that a low-performance magnet can be used, and the cost can be reduced accordingly.
[0075]
5) Since the magnetic body 45 is present at the center of the coil 40, the winding of the coil 40 is easy and the uremet wire can be used, so that the winding efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the flange 45B is formed on the magnetic body 45, coil winding can be further simplified. For this reason, production efficiency can be improved and production cost can also be reduced.
[0076]
6) The magnetic body 45, that is, the coil 40 can be fixed to the substrate 42 or the like by using the flange portion 45B, and the fixing structure can be simplified.
[0077]
7) Since the magnetic body 45 is present at the center of the coil 40, the magnetic flux leaking from the magnets 35 and 36 to the periphery can be reduced, and eddy current loss due to the leaked magnetic flux can be reduced. In particular, since the flange portion 45B is formed and the area is large, the magnetic flux from the magnets 35 and 36 easily flows to the magnetic body 45, and the leakage magnetic flux can be further reduced.
[0078]
8) Since the magnetic body 45 is provided, even if the gap between the coil 40 and the magnets 35 and 36 is increased, the leakage flux is small and the interlinkage magnetic flux can be obtained with certainty. For this reason, the coil 40 and the magnets 35 and 36 can be separated to some extent, and the air friction loss between these members can be reduced accordingly. For this reason, the duration of the generator 20, that is, the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100 or the like can be extended.
[0079]
9) Since the leakage magnetic flux can be reduced, the surrounding magnetic parts can be brought close to the rotor 30, and it is not necessary to secure an extra space, so that the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100 can be reduced in size.
[0080]
10) Since the magnets 35 and 36 are arranged so that the magnets adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction 38 in the disks 33 and 34 and the magnets opposed to each other between the disks 33 and 34 have different polarities. The change of the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic body 45 at the center of the coil 40 is increased, the number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes can be increased, and the power generation performance can be improved.
[0081]
11) Since the magnets 35 and 36 and the magnetic body 45 are arranged so that their centers are located on the circumference 38 of each of the disks 33 and 34, the disks 33 and 34 are rotated with respect to the coil 40. In addition, when the magnets 35 and 36 and the magnetic body 45 are closest to each other, the magnetic path between the magnet 35, the magnetic body 45, and the magnet 36 can be made to be the shortest. For this reason, the gap | interval distance in a magnetic path becomes short, and permeance can be reduced.
[0082]
12) Since the number of the coils 40 is three and odd, and the number of the magnets 35 and 36 is four pairs (total of eight) and the even number pair (even number), the magnetic body 45 of one coil 40 is the magnet 35. , 36, the magnetic body 45 of the other coil 40 and the magnets 35, 36 can be arranged at positions shifted from each other. For this reason, since all the magnetic bodies 45 and the magnets 35 and 36 are not aligned on the same axis, the cogging torque can be reduced and the startability of the rotor 30 can be improved.
[0083]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
[0084]
For example, in the embodiment, the magnetic body 45 having the flange portion 45B is used. However, as shown in FIG. 8, a magnetic body 46 having no flange portion 45B may be used. At this time, a magnetic body having the same length as the thickness of the coil 40 may be used as in the magnetic body 46 on the left side of the rotating shaft 32 in FIG. 8, but from the coil 40 as in the magnetic body 46 on the right side. If the long magnetic body 46 is used, there is an advantage that the coil 40 can be easily wound and the number of magnetic fluxes flowing through the magnetic body 46 can be increased because the magnetic body 46 approaches the magnets 35 and 36.
[0085]
As shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic body is composed of an assembly of a plurality of elongated rod-like magnetic bodies 47, and the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the rod-like magnetic bodies 47 extends from the one disk 33 to the other. You may arrange | position in parallel to the direction (direction of the magnetic flux line 43 which generate | occur | produces with each magnet 35,36) which goes to the disk 34. FIG.
[0086]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the coil 40 may be wound first, and the rod-like magnetic body 47 may be bundled and inserted at the center thereof, or a plurality of rod-like magnetic bodies 47 may be bonded to form a substantially cylindrical shape. The coil 40 may be wound around the bundle. In addition, when winding the coil 40 around the rod-shaped magnetic body 47, the rod-shaped magnetic body 47 may be first cut according to the thickness of the coil 40, and then the coil 40 may be wound. The magnetic body 47 may be cut.
[0087]
By using such a rod-shaped magnetic body 47 of wire, eddy current loss can be reduced correspondingly, and power generation performance can be improved. However, the effect of reducing the eddy current loss decreases as the bar-shaped magnetic body 47 becomes thinner and as the number of the bar-shaped magnetic bodies 47 increases. Moreover, when the rod-shaped magnetic body 47 is thinned, the cross-sectional area occupied by the adhesive when the rod-shaped magnetic bodies 47 are bonded together increases, and the ratio of the magnetic body 47 decreases. Therefore, the wire diameter and the number of the magnetic bodies 47 may be appropriately set according to the material characteristics of the magnetic body 47, the necessary number of flux linkages, the effective cross-sectional area, and the like.
[0088]
If the coil is wound after the magnetic material 47 is bonded in advance, the coil winding operation is facilitated and workability can be improved. In addition, the bundle of the magnetic bodies 47 is not deformed in the winding process, the chucking is facilitated, and the assembly workability can be improved.
[0089]
Further, the cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped magnetic body 47 may be a circle or the like, but it is particularly preferable that the rod-shaped magnetic body 47 is composed of a regular hexagon, a square, a regular triangle or the like and is arranged without any gap with the other rod-shaped magnetic body 47 adjacent thereto. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, if the cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped magnetic body 47 is a regular hexagon or the like, the adjacent rod-shaped magnetic bodies 47 can be arranged without a gap. If the rod-like magnetic bodies 47 are arranged without gaps in this way, the effective cross-sectional area (area excluding the gap portion) of the rod-like magnetic bodies 47 within a predetermined area can be increased, and the power generation performance can be improved. Further, the stability when the plurality of rod-like magnetic bodies 47 are bundled can be improved, and the adhesive can be firmly bonded with an adhesive.
[0090]
Furthermore, the magnetic body may be configured by winding a thin plate-shaped magnetic body 48 as shown in FIG. At this time, the central axis direction may be parallel to the direction of the magnetic flux lines 43 generated by the magnets 35 and 36. Specifically, a magnetic material 48 made of a thin plate-like amorphous material or the like formed in a strip shape may be wound and formed into a cylindrical shape, and disposed so that the end face portion of the cylinder faces each of the disks 33 and 34.
[0091]
With this configuration, since the magnetic body 48 formed in a sheet shape can be used as it is, even an amorphous material that is excellent in magnetic properties but formed in a sheet shape can be easily used.
[0092]
As shown in FIG. 11A, the thin plate-like magnetic body 48 includes a plurality of thin plate-like magnetic bodies 48 configured by sequentially laminating a thin plate-like magnetic body 48 into a cylindrical shape. As shown in FIG. 11 (B), a thin plate-like magnetic body 48 may be wound to form a cylindrical shape.
[0093]
Moreover, the number of the coils 40 and the number of the magnets 35 and 36 are not restricted to the said embodiment. For example, the number of coils 40 is not limited to three, and may be one, two, or four or more. Further, the number of magnets 35 and 36 is not limited to four, but may be one to three, or five or more.
[0094]
At this time, when the number of coils is Nc and the logarithm of the magnets 35 and 36 is Nm (where Nc and Nm are even numbers), when Nc <Nm, the value of Nm / Nc is not an integer, and Nc> Nm In some cases, the value of Nc / Nm is preferably not an integer.
[0095]
For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the number of coils (Nc) is four and the number of magnet pairs (Nm) is six, that is, Nm / Nc = 6/4 = 1.25. If comprised in this way, all the coils 40 and the magnets 35 and 36 will not be arrange | positioned coaxially, respectively, but compared with the case where the number of pairs of the coils 40 and the magnets 35 and 36 is equal, cogging torque is reduced. Can be reduced.
[0096]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the coils 40 and the magnets 35 and 36 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference 38 centered on the rotation shaft 32, but may not be arranged at equal intervals. Moreover, the magnets 35 and 36 fixed to each disk 33 and 34 may provide only the N pole magnet 35 in one disk 33, and provide only the S pole magnet 36 in the other disk 34.
[0097]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the cross-sectional shape of the axial direction of the magnetic body 45 was substantially circular, as shown to FIG. 13 (A), horizontal shape may be sufficient as shown to FIG. 13 (B), It may be triangular. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic body 45 in the direction perpendicular to the axis may be formed in a trapezoidal shape or a sector shape.
[0098]
Compared to the case where the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the magnetic body 45 arranged at the center of the coil 40 is circular (two-dot chain line in FIG. 13B), it can be any one of a triangle, trapezoid, and sector. If the number of turns and the size (area) of the coil 40 are the same, the cross-sectional area of the magnetic body can be increased. For this reason, when the size and the number of turns of the coil 40 are the same, the number of flux linkages can be increased, and the power generation performance can be further improved.
[0099]
On the other hand, when the cross-sectional area of the magnetic body 45 at the center of the coil 40 is the same, the magnetic body having a triangular, trapezoidal, or sectoral cross section is more magnetic on the circumference 38 around the rotation axis 32 than the magnetic body having a circular cross section. The length that the body 45 occupies can be shortened, and accordingly, the number of turns of the coil 40 can be increased, and the power generation performance can be improved.
[0100]
The material of the magnetic body 45 is not limited to that described in the above embodiment, and various materials that can be used as the magnetic body can be used. In particular, if an amorphous material having excellent magnetic properties is used, the iron loss in the magnetic body 45 can be reduced, and a long duration can be realized. In addition, the shape of the magnetic body 45 in the case of using an amorphous material may be a bulk material excellent in magnetic characteristics, or a thin plate material rounded into a cylindrical shape. Furthermore, thin plates cut to an appropriate width may be stacked.
[0101]
In the above embodiment, the magnets 35 and 36 are provided on the surfaces (inner surfaces) 33A and 34A of the plates 33 and 34 facing each other. However, the magnets 35 and 36 may be provided on the outer surfaces (outer surfaces) of the plates 33 and 34. Alternatively, one magnet may be provided on the inner surface, and the other magnet may be provided on the outer surface. In short, it is only necessary that the magnets 35 and 36 are arranged to face each other.
[0102]
Further, the gears constituting the speed increasing wheel trains 7 to 11 may be made of ordinary steel, but in particular, at least one of the pinion and the shaft of the sixth wheel 11 that meshes with the rotor 30 and preferably both are made of a non-magnetic material. Those composed of these materials are preferred. The non-magnetic material may be a metal material such as brass or aluminum, or a synthetic resin. In short, any material that is extremely difficult to magnetize or not magnetized at all can be used.
[0103]
If the kana and shaft of the sixth wheel & pinion 11 close to the rotor 30 are made of a non-magnetic material, the magnetic flux from the magnets 35 and 36 will not be linked to these parts, so that the generation of eddy current loss can be prevented, and The rotor startability from the stopped state of the rotor 30 can be improved.
[0104]
In addition, the plate of the rotor 30 is not limited to the disks 33 and 34, and a planar shape may be a polygonal shape or a star shape (☆ shape).
[0105]
Further, in the embodiment, the mainspring 1a which is a mechanical energy storage means is used as the mechanical energy source. However, a plate spring or a weight may be used as the mechanical energy storage means. In short, mechanical energy (elasticity) is used. Any material that can accumulate energy, potential energy, etc.) can be used.
[0106]
Further, the mechanical energy source is not a type that accumulates mechanical energy, but may be, for example, a type in which a rotary weight is rotated by movement and the rotor 30 of the generator 20 is rotated by the rotational force.
[0107]
When mechanical energy storage means is used, means for inputting mechanical energy may be manual winding, rotating weight, potential energy, atmospheric pressure change, wind force, wave force, hydraulic power, temperature difference, or the like.
[0108]
Further, the mechanical energy transmission means for transmitting mechanical energy from a mechanical energy source such as the mainspring 1a to the generator is not limited to the train wheel 7 to 11 (gear) as in the above-described embodiment, but is also a friction wheel or belt. (Timing belt, etc.) and pulleys, chains and sprocket wheels, racks and pinions, cams and the like may be used.
[0109]
Further, the generator 20 of the present invention is not limited to being incorporated in the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece 100, and may be incorporated in various types of timepieces such as a quartz type wristwatch, a table clock other than a wristwatch, and a clock. Furthermore, mobile phones other than watches, pagers, calculators, portable personal computers, portable radios, pedometers, shaving, portable blood pressure monitors, electronic notebooks, PDAs (small information terminals, “Personal Digital Assistant”), toys, ICs It can be used as a power source for various electronic devices such as cards, keys for cars and houses. In particular, in the present invention, since the power generator 20 can be small and light, it is most suitable for various electronic devices that are miniaturized for portable use. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to non-portable electronic devices. In such various portable electronic devices, a dry battery or a charger has been conventionally used as a power source. However, if the generator of the present invention is incorporated, an electronic circuit or mechanism system in the electronic device can be used even without a battery. Can be operated, battery replacement is unnecessary, and the environment can be considered. In addition, if it is configured to be driven by a rotating spindle or mainspring, it can generate power manually, eliminating the need for a charging operation such as a charger, and enabling electronic devices to operate during disasters, outdoors, and when going out. it can.
[0110]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the generator of the present invention, the weight of the rotor can be reduced and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
[0111]
Furthermore, according to the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece of the invention, the timepiece can be downsized by reducing the size of the generator, or the time duration can be extended, so that a timepiece with a long duration can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a structure of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a generator according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a rotor of the generator according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a planar arrangement of magnets and coils of a rotor according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a coil fixing structure according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control circuit of the present embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a generator according to a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a modification of the coil of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the magnetic body disposed in the central portion of the coil according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another modified example of the magnetic body disposed in the central portion of the coil according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a planar arrangement of rotor magnets and coils in another modification of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a view showing a modification of the coil of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 barrel
1a Spring
1b barrel gear
1d barrel cover
2 Ground plane
2b Dial
3 train wheel support
4 square hole car
5 Square hole screw
7th to 11th cars (acceleration train)
13 minute hand
14 second hand
15 hour hand
20 Generator
30 rotor
31 Seismic bearing
32 Rotating shaft
33, 34 disc (plate)
33A, 34A Opposite surface
35, 36 magnets
35A Magnet (N pole)
35B Magnet (S pole)
36A Magnet (N pole)
36B Magnet (S pole)
37 A rotor
38 circumference
40 coils
41 Circuit board
43 Magnetic flux lines
45 Magnetic material
45A core
45B Flange
46 Magnetic material
47 Bar-shaped magnetic material
48 Thin plate-like magnetic material
50 Rotation control device
100 Electronically controlled mechanical clock

Claims (5)

In a generator for converting mechanical energy transmitted from a mechanical energy source through mechanical energy transmission means into electrical energy,
Two plates arranged opposite to each other, and a rotor having a plurality of magnets provided on each plate so as to face each other;
A plurality of coils disposed between the two plates and disposed so that both side surfaces face the opposing surfaces of the plates;
A magnetic body composed of a core portion around which the coil is wound and flange portions formed at both ends of the core portion is disposed,
The magnetic body is made of a high permeability material,
The generator is characterized in that it has a size that does not straddle two coils. The generator according to claim 1,
The magnet is disposed on a circumference around the rotation axis of the rotor on the opposing surface of the plate,
The generator is characterized in that a central portion of the coil where the magnetic body is inserted is disposed on a circumference where the magnet is disposed. The generator according to claim 1 or 2,
The generator is characterized in that the magnets are provided in an even number pair, and the magnets arranged adjacent to each other and the magnets arranged opposite to each other are of different polarities. In the generator in any one of Claims 1-3,
When the number of coils is Nc and the number of pairs of magnets is Nm (where Nc and Nm are even numbers),
When Nc <Nm, the value of Nm / Nc is not an integer,
A generator characterized in that the value of Nc / Nm is not an integer when Nc> Nm. A generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A rotation control device that is driven by electrical energy supplied from the generator and controls a rotation period of the generator;
An electronically controlled mechanical timepiece comprising a pointer that rotates together with the generator by a mechanical energy source and is speed-controlled by the rotation control device.

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