JP2018159571A - Power generator, timepiece having the same, and charging system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generator which allows charging from the outside of the power generator such as an electronic timepiece equipped with an electrostatic inducting power generator, and a timepiece and a charging system which have the power generator.SOLUTION: The power generator includes: a housing; a weight which makes a relative motion to the housing; a power generating mechanism which generates power on the basis of the power caused by the motion of the weight; a battery for charging the electric power generated by the power generating mechanism; a power conveying mechanism for conveying the power generated by the motion of the weight to the power generating mechanism; and a magnetic force coupling member which is activated by a magnetic field applied from the outside of the housing, at least one of the weight and the power generating mechanism being arranged in the housing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation device that enables charging from the outside of a power generation device such as an electronic timepiece with an electrostatic induction generator, a timepiece including the power generation device, and a charging system.

  An electromagnetic induction type self-winding timepiece is well known. Patent Literature 1 discloses that a timepiece that generates power using such a magnetic field performs rapid charging by applying a magnetic field from the outside when the charging capacity of the secondary battery decreases at a timepiece counter or the like.

  On the other hand, in recent years, practical power generation devices using electrostatic induction by electret materials have been developed as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3. The electrostatic induction is a phenomenon in which when a charged object is brought close to a conductor, charges having a polarity opposite to that of the charged object are attracted. The power generation device using the electrostatic induction phenomenon is a structure in which a “film for holding electric charges” (hereinafter referred to as a charged film) and a “counter electrode” are arranged, and by using this phenomenon, the two are moved relative to each other. It is power generation that extracts the induced charge. Taking the case of an electret material as an example, the electret is one in which a charge is injected into a dielectric, and generates an electrostatic field semipermanently. In power generation using this electret, if the electret and the counter electrode are brought close to each other, induced charges are generated in the counter electrode by the electrostatic field formed by the electret, and the area of overlap between the electret and the counter electrode is changed (vibration, etc.) It can be taken out as an alternating current in an electric circuit. The power generation by this electret has a relatively simple structure and is advantageous in that a higher output can be obtained in a low frequency region than that by electromagnetic induction.

  A watch that generates power using a magnetic field can be rapidly charged by applying a magnetic field from the outside when the charge capacity of the secondary battery decreases at a watch counter or the like. However, unlike the electromagnetic induction power generation timepiece, power generation by the electret is generated by an electric field. Therefore, there is a situation peculiar to the electret power generation timepiece that does not generate power even when a magnetic field is applied from the outside. In addition, since the watch member is made of metal even when a positive electric field is applied from the outside, not only is it difficult to apply an electric field to the power generation unit, but even if an attempt is made to directly turn the base material to metal, It was difficult to rotate directly for a reason (such as a rotating body at a position far from the casing or a glass epoxy substrate).

  For this reason, in the electret power generation timepiece, even when trying to fast charge, quick charging could not be performed. Furthermore, with the mechanism that rotates the watch itself, rotates the rotating weight and rotates the electret like the watch winder well known in the past, it is difficult to see the watch while the watch winder is operating, It took too long to charge and was useless.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-105786 JP2013-59149A JP 2013-135544 A

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a power generation device that enables charging from the outside of the power generation device such as an electronic timepiece with an electrostatic induction generator, a timepiece including the power generation device, and a charging system are provided.

  The present invention includes a housing, a weight that moves relative to the housing, a power generation mechanism that generates electric power based on power generated by the movement of the weight, a battery that is charged with electric power generated by the power generation mechanism, A power transmission mechanism that transmits power generated by movement to the power generation mechanism, and at least one of the weight or the power transmission mechanism is provided in the housing and is operated by a magnetic field applied from outside the housing. The power generation device is provided with a magnetic coupling member.

It is a typical sectional view showing a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the pattern of the counter electrode 2 and the charging film 3 of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional top view in the back cover 42 of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view for demonstrating the charging system of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external charger of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic layout inside the watch. It is a cross-sectional top view in the back cover 42 of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view for demonstrating the charging system of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external charger of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the charging system of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining an example of a one-way clutch. (A) is a top view, (b) is a side sectional view. It is a cross-sectional top view in the back cover 42 of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a typical side view which shows the charging system of 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a perspective view which shows the external charger of 3rd Embodiment. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the charging system of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining an example of a two-way clutch. (A) is a figure which shows the case where the gear 15 of an input shaft is counterclockwise on drawing, (b) is a figure which shows the case where the gear 15 of an input shaft is clockwise on drawing. (A) is a typical side view which shows the charging system of 4th Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a perspective view which shows the external charger of 4th Embodiment. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the charging system of 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view which shows the charging system of 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external charger of 5th Embodiment of this invention. The output magnetic field pattern of the magnetic force application part of 5th Embodiment of this invention is shown. It is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the charging system of 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the charging system of 5th Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a power generator and (b) is an external charger.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. About each embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part of the same structure, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In each of the following embodiments, the embodiment will be described using a wristwatch, but is not necessarily limited to a wristwatch. The present invention is applicable to any portable electronic electric device with an electrostatic induction generator.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a power generation apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing patterns of the counter electrode 2 and the charging film 3 of the power generation apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the power generation device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention cut by the back cover 42. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view for explaining the charging system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (“Schematic” refers to a point where a part of a dotted line is indicated by a solid line for the sake of clarity. The same applies to FIGS. 8, 13, 16, and 18 below.) . FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the charging system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic layout inside the watch. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the windshield 24 side is referred to as the upper part, the upper part, and the upper part, and the back cover 42 side is referred to as the lower part, the lower part, and the lower part.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
This embodiment is an embodiment when applied to a portable electronic timepiece such as a wristwatch. The portable electronic timepiece includes outer casings 41 and 42 including a windshield 24 (the back cover 42 and the outer casing may be included in the housing), a dial 25, housings 33 and 34, and housings 33 and 34. And a static induction generator disposed in the housings 33 and 34. The windshield 24 is fitted into the outer casing 41 via the packing 43. The windshield 24 is made of a transparent material. The housings 33 and 34 will be described below as names often used in the case of a wristwatch, that is, a base plate 33 and a receiving plate 34. The base plate 33 is a kind of housing, and means a base, a support plate, an interior casing and the like into which various parts are incorporated. The receiving plate 34 is a term often used in the case of supporting the shaft of the rotating body and fixing / holding parts.

  Here, the quartz movement is defined as including a crystal resonator, a circuit board 5, a step motor 35, a gear drive unit 21, a secondary battery 22, and the like. The circuit board 5 incorporates an oscillation circuit, a frequency divider circuit, a drive circuit for the step motor 35, a rectifier circuit, a power supply circuit, and the like. FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the internal structure of the watch. Reference numeral 14 in FIG. 6 represents a gear installed on the shaft 8 coaxial with the electrostatic induction generator (electret generator). Reference numeral 27 denotes a winding core 27 into which a crown 28 is screwed, and reference numeral 37 denotes a switching means by the crown 28. As shown in FIG. 1, a pointer shaft such as an hour hand, a minute hand, and a second hand (second hand not shown) is attached from the gear drive unit 21 so that the pointer shaft protrudes above the dial 25. Instead of the stepping motor 35 for moving the needle, an electrostatic motor or a piezoelectric motor that is not driven by a magnetic force can be used. In this case, it is not affected by the magnetic field of the external charger described later.

Next, the configuration of the electrostatic induction generator will be described with reference to FIG.
A rotating member 4 is fixed to the shaft 8. A charging film 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the rotating member 4. On the other hand, the counter substrate 1 having the counter electrode 2 disposed on the upper surface is installed and fixed to the ground plane 33 so as to face the charging film 3. The counter electrode 2 may be installed on the lower surface of the rotating member 4 instead of the charging film 3, and the charging film 3 may be installed on the upper surface of the counter substrate 1 instead of the counter electrode 2. The circuit board 5 of the quartz movement is also installed and fixed to the ground plane 33 like the counter substrate.

  When the rotating member 4 rotates, electrostatic induction power generation is caused, and the electric power generated between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 is output to the circuit board 5. The charging film 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the rotating member 4, and the counter electrode 2 is disposed so as to face the charging film 3. In this embodiment, the dial 25, the base plate 33, the rotating member 4, the charging film 3, the counter electrode 2, the counter substrate 1, and the receiving plate 34 are arranged in this order from the top to the bottom.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating member 4 and the charging film 3 on the lower surface thereof are respectively formed radially, and blank portions (through holes, through holes) are formed between each of the radial pieces. ing. The shaft 8 is pivotally supported by bearings 50 such as upper and lower seismic resistance devices (for example, para-shock) provided on the ground plate 33 and the receiving plate 34. The shaft 8 is pivotally supported by the bearing 50, penetrates the counter substrate 1, and is pivotally supported by the bearing 50 on the receiving plate 34. The rotating weight 17 rotates by capturing the movement of the arm and the like. As a gear transmission mechanism from the rotary weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 to the shaft 8 below the counter substrate 1 of the shaft 8, a gear 15 fixed to the shaft 9 and a gear 14 fixed to the shaft 8 are provided. Is provided. In this embodiment, a gear transmission mechanism from the rotary weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 to the shaft 8 is provided, but this is omitted, and the rotary weight 17 is not the shaft 9 but the direct shaft 8. A rotating weight 17 may be attached to the slab.

  When the rotation of the rotating weight 17 is accelerated by gear transmission and the shaft 8 is rotated, the charged film (electret film) 3 installed on the rotating member is rotated at an accelerated speed with respect to the counter electrode 2 stationary on the ground plate. Can be made. When the rotational speed of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode is increased, the power generation efficiency can be increased. The gear transmission mechanism is not limited to two gears, and three or more gear trains may be configured. Special gears, cams, links, one-way clutches (one-way clutches), two-way clutches, and the like are also included in the gear transmission mechanism here. Here, the shaft 9 is pivotally supported by the receiving plate 34 via the bearing 16. The shaft 9 can be supported by the base plate 33 and the receiving plate 34.

  As a gear transmission mechanism from the rotary weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 to the shaft 8, it is possible to use a known automatic winding rotational drive technique in a mechanical wristwatch. For example, rotation in both forward and reverse directions of the rotary weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 due to vibration such as arm movement is always converted into rotation in one direction by a conversion clutch mechanism included in the gear transmission mechanism. The power generation efficiency can be further increased. Such a conversion clutch mechanism is well known as a known technique of a mechanical self-winding wristwatch as a two-way clutch mechanism, and it is possible to apply these known techniques. Further, only the forward and reverse directions of rotation and swing of the shaft 9 by the rotary weight 17 may be transmitted to the shaft 8 by a one-way clutch. The gear transmission mechanism of the rotating member 4 and the rotating weight 17 described above can be appropriately applied to the embodiments described below. An example of a one-way clutch and a two-way clutch will be described later.

Next, details of the present embodiment will be described below.
As the electret material used as a charging film in the present invention, a material that is easily charged is used. For example, silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) or a fluororesin material is used as a negatively charged material. Specifically, as a negatively charged material, there is CYTOP (registered trademark), which is a fluororesin material manufactured by Asahi Glass.

In addition, other electret materials include polymer materials such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyldendifluoride (PVDF). ), Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), and the like, and the aforementioned silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) and silicon nitride (SiN) can be used as the inorganic material. In addition, a well-known charged film can be used.

The charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
Since negative charges are held on the inner surface of the charging film 3 (electret film), positive charges are attracted to the counter electrode 2 by electrostatic induction. The counter electrode 2 provided on the counter substrate 1 and the charging film 3 provided on the rotating member 4 have a pattern as shown in FIG. In the counter electrode 2 and the charging film 3, radiating portions 2 ′ and 3 ′ having an equal angle from the center are formed at equal intervals. In this pattern, the radiating portions 3 ′ and 3 ′ are respectively blank portions (through holes). On the other hand, with respect to the counter electrode 2 on the counter substrate 1, every other radiating portion 2 ′ of the counter electrode 2 is made independent, and the radiating portions 2 ′ connected and connected in a discrete manner are used as two terminals. Connected to the input side. The pattern of the charging film 3 in the upper part of FIG. 2 does not require an output terminal. (Refer to the principle description of the embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 10 of Patent Document 3. Reference is made to Patent Document 3.) In this case, it is only necessary to extract current from the counter electrode 2 on the counter substrate 1 that is stationary. This is convenient because electrical connection of rotating rotating members is unnecessary.

  When the rotating member 4 fixed to the shaft 8 is rotated by the rotary weight 17, the overlapping area between the charging film (electret film) 3 and the counter electrode 2 increases and decreases, and the positive charge attracted to the counter electrode 2 increases and decreases. An alternating current is applied between the radiating portion 2 ′ (first radiating portion 2 ′) of one counter electrode 2 and the other radiating portion 2 ′ (second radiating portion 2 ′). generate. The current between the first and second radiating sections 2 ′ and 2 ′ is converted into a direct current through the rectifier circuit 20 as an output section and output to the quartz movement.

  The rectifier circuit 20 is a bridge type, includes four diodes, and first and second radiating units 2 ′ and 2 ′ are connected to the input side. A power supply circuit (not shown) that converts the voltage into a predetermined voltage is connected to the output side via a smoothing circuit. The generated DC-converted current is supplied to the quartz movement as power and stored in the secondary battery 22. Is done. The charging film and the counter electrode in the present embodiment are patterned in a radial shape. However, if the overlapping area periodically increases or decreases when the counter film 1 and the rotating member 4 are rotated relative to each other, It may be patterned into a shape.

  Further, the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 are not limited to the pattern of FIG. 2, and the arrangement of the charging film 3 is the same as that of the upper side of FIG. Similarly to the arrangement, the radiating portions 2 ′ and 2 ′ may be arranged so as not to be provided between the radiating portions 2 ′ and 2 ′. In this case, the charging film 3 on the lower surface of the rotating member 4 is connected to the shaft 8 of the conductive member via an electrical contact and output as one terminal. On the other hand, the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 is also connected to all the radiating portions 2 'so that the output is taken out as one terminal from the electrode portion on the outer peripheral side. Both output terminals are connected to the rectifier circuit 20.

  Next, a charging system including the power generation apparatus 100 that enables external charging and the external charger 101 in this embodiment will be described. First, the power generation device 100 that enables external charging will be described.

  In the present embodiment, the power generation apparatus 100 is an electret power generation timepiece applied to a portable electronic timepiece such as a wristwatch as shown in FIG. The electret power generation timepiece of the present embodiment is provided with a magnetic coupling member (ferromagnetic material, soft magnetic material) that can be coupled with the outside by a magnetic field in a part of the rotary weight 17 for quick charging, and a magnetic field from the outside. Is applied while rotating, the rotating weight 17 rotates, and the rotating member 4 having the charging film 3 (electret) rotates to generate power.

  There are three types of magnetic materials: ferromagnetic materials, paramagnetic materials, and diamagnetic materials. If these are roughly defined, a ferromagnetic material refers to a material that retains the properties of a magnet even when a magnetic field is removed, and a material that does not have magnetism when there is no external magnetic field is a paramagnetic material. A diamagnetic material is one that is magnetized in the opposite direction to the magnetic field. Among the ferromagnetic materials, the magnetic material in which the magnetic pole disappears or reverses relatively easily is called a soft magnetic material (iron, permalloy, etc.), and the other magnetic material is called a hard magnetic material (permanent magnet, etc.). A non-magnetic material refers to a material that is not magnetized. For example, titanium, stainless steel, rubber, plastic, cloth, etc. are representative examples.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the back cover 42 of the electret timepiece 100 of FIG. 1 is removed, the rotary weight 17 is exposed. The rotary weight 17 is formed in a disc in this embodiment. Here, the disk corresponds to a magnetic coupling member and is made of a soft magnetic material having a small coercive force such as permalloy, but the magnetic coupling member may be a ferromagnetic material or a paramagnetic material. It is preferable that the magnetic coupling member is formed of a soft magnetic material or a paramagnetic material because the step motor 35 is not affected. In order to avoid the influence of the magnetic field, it is also a proposal to shield the magnetic field by installing a magnetic resistant plate around the member to be protected from the magnetic field.

  In the present embodiment, the rotary weight 17 is formed in a circular plate, but is not limited to this and may have any shape. In the case of a shape in which a part of the disk is missing, a sector shape, or a half moon shape, it is convenient to form a single spindle. Reference numeral 11 denotes a single spindle. Since the specific gravity of the ferromagnetic material and the soft magnetic material is small, the disk 10 and the single weight 11 become large in order to function as a single weight. For this reason, it is better to attach a paramagnetic material such as tungsten or lead to the disc 10 as a single weight 11 than to form it integrally with the disc 10.

  Since it is necessary to rotate the rotating weight 17 by applying the magnetic field while rotating the magnetic field from the outside, the back cover 42 needs to be formed of a material through which the magnetic field easily passes. For this reason, the back cover 42 is preferably formed of a non-magnetic material (brass, aluminum, glass, ceramic, etc.).

  Next, the external charger 101 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and a charging system including the power generation device 100 and the external charger 101 will be described. FIG. 4 schematically shows the inside of the external charger 101 so as to be understood.

The external charger 101 has a magnetic force rotating unit 103 and a rotation driving motor 102 that rotates the magnetic rotating unit 103. In this embodiment, at least one pair of N pole and S pole (permanent magnet) is provided around the rotation axis O _{2 in} the magnetic force rotating unit 103. The number of pairs of N poles and S poles is not limited to one pair and may be plural.

The charging system of this embodiment is operated as follows.
When the rotation drive motor 102 rotates, the pair of N pole and S pole of the magnetic force rotating unit 103 rotates around the rotation axis O ₂ . An electret power generation timepiece 100 (power generation device) is placed on the external charger 101 as shown in FIG. 4 with the groove U in FIG. 5 as a guide. At this time, when the power generation timepiece 100 is placed in alignment with the U-groove, the rotation axis O ₁ of the rotary weight and the O _{2 of the} magnetic force rotation unit 103 are set to be substantially coaxial. For O ₂ of the rotary shaft O ₁ and magnetic rotating portion 103 of the rotating weight is to become coaxial, besides U groove, marks, various mounting-standing shape combined frame type, the gripping claws pairs of opposite screws actuated Etc. may be provided for centering.

  Since the back cover 42 is formed of a non-magnetic material through which a magnetic field passes, the pair of N poles and S poles of the magnetic rotating part 103 are arranged on the soft magnetic disk 10 of the rotary weight 17 in FIG. Corresponding to each, an S pole and an N pole are generated, and the N pole and the S pole of the magnetic rotating part 103 and the S pole and the N pole of the disc 10 are attracted, respectively. When the N pole and S pole of the magnetic rotating part 103 rotate, the disk 10 of the rotating weight 17 is rotated. The rotation speed of the rotation drive motor 102 is selected so that the magnetic rotation unit 103 and the disk 10 can be rotated in synchronism with each other so as not to step out.

  The rotary weight 17 of this embodiment can also be used as the rotary member 4. In this case, the single weight 11 is installed on the rotating member 4 having the charging film 3 disposed on the lower surface, and the center of the rotating member 4 is made of a soft magnetic material made of a magnetic coupling member (the whole is made a magnetic material). May be). Also in this case, the rotating member 4 can be rotated by the rotation of the magnetic force rotating unit 103 of the external charger 101.

  According to the present embodiment, when the charging capacity of the secondary battery 22 decreases at a watch counter or the like, there is no need to shake the watch or wind the crown to generate power, and the external charger 101 applies a magnetic field from the outside. The external charger 101 can be rapidly charged. When the rotating weight 17 is a disk with a single weight 11, the disk covers the entire surface of the watch from the back side and becomes a magnetic-resistant plate. Therefore, even if an external magnetic field is applied to the entire surface of the rotating weight, the moving motor is affected. Does not come out.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view when cut by the back cover 42 of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic side view for explaining the charging system of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an external charger according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the charging system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a one-way clutch. (A) is a top view, (b) is a side sectional view. FIG. 6 is also an internal schematic layout of this embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the external charger 101 is an embodiment in which one gear 14 of the gear transmission mechanism is rotated instead of the rotary weight 17 having the shaft 9. The one gear 14 is a gear included in the gear transmission mechanism from the rotating weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 to the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4. In the present embodiment, the gear rotated by the external charger 101 is the gear 14, but is not limited to this, and any gear transmission mechanism from the rotating weight 17 to the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4 may be used. good.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotary weight 17 is preferably fan-shaped. A target to be rotated by the external charger 101 is a gear 14, and the gear 14 corresponds to a magnetic coupling member and is made of a soft magnetic material having a small coercive force such as permalloy. This is because if the rotating weight 17 is a fan shape, the gear 14 can be rotated by applying a rotating magnetic field from the outside without the rotating weight 17 being interposed.
Here, gears other than the gear 14 having magnetic coupling in the gear transmission mechanism are preferably made of a non-magnetic material. This eliminates the influence of the power transmitted from the external charger 101 and eliminates the magnetic interference between the gears, so that the power transmission efficiency transmitted from the external charger 101 to the gear transmission mechanism can be increased.

  The second embodiment has the following features. The second embodiment also has the same external charger 101 as in the first embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 8, the external charger 101 on which the electret power generation timepiece 100 (power generation device) is placed. The watch's mounting surface is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. And the magnetic force rotation part 103 and the rotational drive motor 102 which rotates it are installed in the upper part of the inclined surface. As shown in FIG. 8, the rotating weight 17 inside the electret power generation timepiece 100 comes downward due to its own weight (the gravity center is located at the lowest position due to gravity). Therefore, when the timepiece is placed, the gear 14 of the magnetic coupling member is used. Does not overlap the rotating weight 17.

Thereby, the gear 14 can be rotated by applying a magnetic field from the outside without rotating the rotating weight 17. In this case, the shaft 8 of the gear 14 and the O _{2 of the} magnetic force rotating part 103 are made to be substantially coaxial. In the present embodiment, the shaft of the gear 14 is the same as the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4, but the shaft of the gear 14 may be different from the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4. Therefore, even if the axis of the gear 14 is not necessarily coaxial with the rotating member 4, it is included in this embodiment. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, since the magnetic field is generated at the upper part of the slope, as shown in FIG. 6, the step motor 35 can be positioned on the lower side not affected by the magnetic field. Since the position of the rotary weight 17 is also easily stabilized on the lower side, a magnetic field can be applied from the outside to the gear 14 of the magnetic coupling member without the rotary weight 17 interposed.

The features of the second embodiment may include the following points.
In the present embodiment, a gear 15 fixed to the shaft 9 and a gear 14 fixed to the shaft 8 are provided as a gear transmission mechanism from the rotary weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 to the shaft 8. As an example, a one-way clutch as shown in FIG. 11 is interposed between the gear 14 and the gear 15.

  The transmission direction Y (FIG. 10) of the rotary weight 17 becomes constant by the one-way clutch. By making the transmission direction X from the external charger 101 the same, even if the gear 14 is rotated by the external charger 101, the transmission of rotation is separated by the one-way clutch, and the electret generator is not turned without turning the rotating weight 17. Power can be transmitted to the rotating member 4. Normally, the rotating weight 17 is heavy, so that when the gear 14 is rotated by the external charger 101, it is necessary not to use wasted power for the external charger 101. One of the features of the present embodiment is that the transmission of rotation is separated by the one-way clutch. The magnetic force coupling member is the gear 14 in the present embodiment, but may be one of the rotating member 4 of the electret generator and the gear of the one-way clutch. In the present embodiment, a one-way clutch is used, but a two-way clutch can also be used.

  The one-way clutch shown in FIG. 11 is given as an example, and has the following structure. The following is an operation in the case of transmission from the rotary weight 17 to the gear 15 and the gear 14 in this order. Between the gears 15 and 14, a gear 61 that meshes with the gear 15 on the input side is rotatably fitted around the shaft 60 and rotates independently of the shaft 60. A star gear 64 is fitted to the gear 61 so as to be freely rotatable on the projection shaft 65 of the gear 61. The gear 61 is rotated with respect to the special gear 63 when the mutual relationship between the two gears is fixed to the rotation in the S direction and the projecting shaft 65 fixed to the gear 61 revolves around the shaft 60. Is transmitted to the special gear 63. Since the special gear 63 is fixed to the shaft 60, the rotation of the gear 15 is transmitted from the pinion gear 62 to the gear 14 on the output side.

  On the other hand, during rotation in the T direction, even if the gear 61 rotates and the star gear 64 revolves around the shaft 60, the star gear 64 is rotatably fitted to the protruding shaft 65, so that It will idle with respect to the gear 63. Therefore, the rotation of the input side gear 15 is not transmitted to the output side gear 14. On the contrary, when the input side and the output side are switched and the rotation from the gear 14 is in the T direction, the one-way clutch slips and the rotation is not transmitted to the rotary weight 17. Such a one-way clutch for a watch is not limited to the mechanism shown in FIG. 11 and may be a known one. Also in the second embodiment, the configuration other than the points described above is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the operational effects are the same.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view of the back cover 42 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13A is a schematic side view showing the charging system of the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13B is a perspective view showing the external charger of the third embodiment. 14 (a) to 14 (c) are explanatory views showing the operation of the charging system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a two-way clutch. (A) is a figure which shows the case where the gear 15 of an input shaft is counterclockwise on drawing, (b) is a figure which shows the case where the gear 15 of an input shaft is clockwise on drawing.

  In the third embodiment, the external charger 101 attracts and rotates the rotary weight 17 from the outside to the left and right with a magnetic field. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the rotary weight 17 is preferably fan-shaped. A suction part 13 made of a soft magnetic material is integrally formed on the rotary weight 17 on a line connecting the axis 9 which is the rotary axis of the rotary weight 17 and the center of gravity of the rotary weight 17. The attraction portion 13 corresponds to a magnetic coupling member and is made of a soft magnetic material having a small coercive force such as permalloy. Other parts of the rotary weight 17 except the suction part 13 are formed of a nonmagnetic material. The rotary weight 17 is not limited to a fan shape, and may have other shapes.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a pair of electromagnets 104 are installed in the external charger 101 at horizontal intervals corresponding to the swing position of the suction unit 13 in the placed timepiece. The watch mounting surface of the external charger 101 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. As shown in FIG. 13, the rotating weight 17 inside the electret power generation timepiece 100 comes downward due to its own weight, so that when the timepiece is placed, if the step motor 35 is arranged at the top, external charging is possible. The machine 101 does not overlap with the electromagnet 104. Thereby, the step motor 35 is not affected by the magnetic field. The position of the step motor 35 is not necessarily limited to the upper part, and may be a position where the influence of the electromagnet 104 is small.

  With reference to FIGS. 14A to 14C, the operation of this embodiment will be described. 14A to 14C are actually on an inclined surface. FIG. 14A shows a state in which the left and right electromagnets 104 are not excited, and the rotary weight 17 is stationary at a downward position due to its own weight. In FIG. 14B, only the right electromagnet 104 is turned on and excited. Thereby, since the attraction | suction part 13 is attracted | sucked by an electromagnet, the rotary weight 17 performs the pendulum motion to the right side. When the rotating weight 17 approaches the top dead center on the right side, the right electromagnet 104 is turned OFF, and the left electromagnet 104 is excited as shown in FIG. 14C, and the rotating weight 17 moves the pendulum to the left. I do. The excitation of the left and right electromagnets 104 is repeated to cause the rotary weight 17 to perform a pendulum motion. Since this swinging motion rotates the rotating member 4 to generate electric power, the secondary battery 22 can be charged.

  The power generation efficiency is improved by converting the forward / reverse oscillating motion of the rotating weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 so that the rotating member 4 always rotates in one direction by the two-way clutch inherent in the gear transmission mechanism. . Of course, a one-way clutch and a transmission mechanism without a clutch mechanism can also be implemented. However, in consideration of charging efficiency when a user carries the power to generate power, a two-way clutch, a one-way clutch, and a clutch mechanism that are easy to work with the inertial force of the gear 14 are provided. Transmission efficiency is good in the order of no transmission mechanism. An example of the two-way clutch is shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, but is not limited to this.

  Although this two-way clutch is a well-known mechanism, its operation will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b). A gear 15 is provided on a shaft 9 that is a rotation shaft of the rotary weight 17. The gear 72 that meshes with this is rotatably provided on the swing arm 71 around the Z axis. When the gear 15 rotates counterclockwise as shown in FIG. 15A, the swing arm 71 rotates counterclockwise, and the gear 72 meshes with the gear 74. The gear 75 that meshes with the gear 74 is clockwise. On the other hand, when the gear 15 rotates clockwise as shown in FIG. 15B, the swing arm 71 rotates clockwise, and the gear 72 meshes with the gear 75 without meshing with the gear 74. . The gear 75 that meshes with the gear 72 is clockwise. Regardless of whether the gear 15 rotates counterclockwise or clockwise, in any case, the gear 14 is rotated clockwise via the intermediate gears 76, 77, 78. The intermediate gears 76, 77, 78 may be omitted.

  According to the present embodiment, the forward and backward oscillating motion of the rotating weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9 always rotates the rotating member 4 in one direction by the two-way clutch inherent in the gear transmission mechanism. Will be better. Further, since the rotary weight 17 is swinging and the position of the electromagnet 104 can be limited to a specific position, the influence of the magnetic field on the step motor and the like can be limited. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 16A is a schematic side view showing the charging system of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16B is a perspective view showing the external charger of the fourth embodiment. FIGS. 17A to 17C are explanatory views showing the operation of the charging system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  In the third embodiment, a pair of electromagnets 104 are installed in the external charger 101 at horizontal intervals in order to generate a swinging motion of the rotary weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9. In the fourth embodiment, instead of the electromagnet 104, a magnetic force rotating part 103 as a swinging arm having N and S poles at both ends generates a swinging motion of the rotary weight 17 fixed to the shaft 9. The magnetic force rotating unit 103 as the swing arm is a rotational drive motor 102 that swings with a link mechanism or the like, or a swing motor may be used. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the third embodiment.

  With reference to FIGS. 17A to 17C, the operation of this embodiment will be described. 17A to 17C are actually on an inclined surface. FIG. 17A shows an initial position where the drive motor 102 is not driven. The rotary weight 17 is stationary at a downward position by its own weight. The initial position of the drive motor 102 is set in accordance with the stationary position of the rotary weight 17. FIG. 17B shows a state where the magnetic force rotating unit 103 as the swing arm swings to the right. Thereby, since the suction part 13 is attracted | sucked to a south pole, the rotary weight 17 performs the pendulum motion to the right side. As shown in FIG. 17C, this time, the magnetic rotating part 103 swings to the left, and the rotary weight 17 performs a pendulum movement to the left. The excitation of the left and right electromagnets 104 is repeated to cause the rotary weight 17 to perform a pendulum motion. As in the third embodiment, this swinging motion is converted into a one-way rotational motion by the two-way clutch and rotates the rotating member 4 to generate electric power, so that the secondary battery 22 can be charged. The N and S poles of the suction unit 13 may be reversed.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 18 is a schematic side view showing the charging system of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing an external charger according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 shows an output magnetic field pattern of the magnetic force application unit of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the charging system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a charging system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  In the fifth embodiment, in addition to the magnetic force application units A and E corresponding to the left and right electromagnets 104 of the third embodiment, magnetic force application units B, C, D, and F are further provided. As shown in FIG. 20, the magnetic force application units A and E are ON / OFF controlled to reciprocate the rotary weight 17, and have the same functions as those of the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 21, the operation of the charging system of the fifth embodiment by the magnetic force application units A and E is the same as that of the third embodiment. On the other hand, at the same time, the magnetic force application parts B, C, D, and F demagnetize the timepiece part as shown in FIG. When these excitations are finished, the current is brought to zero. Other configurations and operational effects are basically the same as those of the third embodiment. Note that it may be possible to cope with a plurality of types of timepieces by switching the output magnetic field pattern of each applied magnetic force unit depending on the type of timepiece. You may make it use this embodiment for both an electret power generation timepiece and a mechanical timepiece. At this time, in the case of an electret power generation timepiece, when the application of the magnetic force application parts B, C, D, and F is about 50 Hz, the step motor may be driven by an external magnetic field. Or make it faster than sometimes so as not to be affected by the movement of the stepping motor.

  As shown in FIG. 22, in the present embodiment, communication means is provided between the power generation device and the external charger, and when the amount of charge reaches a predetermined value, the application of the magnetic force application units A to F is stopped. It may be configured. The number of magnetic force application portions A to F is not limited to six, and the number can be increased further. Depending on the type of timepiece, the size of the fan-shaped rotary weight 17 is different. Therefore, if the number of magnetic force application parts is large, the position of the magnetic force application part for reciprocating the rotary weight 17 can be selected according to the type of timepiece. Can do.

  In FIG. 22, (a) is a power generator, and (b) is an external charger. Both are connected by mutual communication circuits. On the lower side, in the input circuit of the external charger, the type of timepiece is selected and the type of magnetic force driven by each magnetic force application unit is determined. The control circuit of the external charger confirms the charging state of the timepiece that is the power generation device using the communication circuit, and starts application of the magnetic force application units A to F if the charge amount is equal to or less than a certain value B. When the amount of charge of the power generation device exceeds a certain value A, the application of magnetic force is stopped. Further, when the charged amount becomes equal to or less than a certain value B, the magnetic force is applied again. Here, the relationship between the constant values A and B is A> B.

  The switching means by the crown is a well-known mechanism, and when the crown is pulled, the time of the pointer display portion of the hour / minute hand is adjusted. When the crown is rotated without being pulled, the rotating member 4 is rotated through a gear transmission mechanism by manual winding of the crown so that the generator can generate electric power. The secondary battery is connected to a remaining capacity measurement circuit, and it is possible to determine whether the amount of charge of the power generation device is a certain value A or more or a certain value B or less. This result can be transmitted by the communication circuit to control the external charger as described above. The system configuration of FIG. 22 can be applied to each of the embodiments described so far.

  It should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes those in which various modifications are made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention. That is, the specific configuration described in the embodiment is merely an example, and can be changed as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Counter substrate 2 Counter electrode 3 Charged film 4 Rotating member 8, 9 Axis 10, 13 Magnetic coupling member 14, 15 Gear transmission mechanism 17 Rotating weight 22 Battery 33, 34, 41, 42 Housing

Claims (12)

A housing;
A weight that moves relative to the housing;
A power generation mechanism that generates power based on the power generated by the movement of the weight;
A battery that is charged with power generated by the power generation mechanism;
A power transmission mechanism that transmits power generated by the movement of the weight to the power generation mechanism;
At least one of the weight or the power transmission mechanism is provided in the housing, and is provided with a magnetic coupling member that operates by a magnetic field applied from the outside of the housing. The power generation mechanism is
A rotating member rotatable with respect to the housing;
An opposing substrate fixed to the housing;
A charging film installed on either one of the rotating member and the counter substrate;
A counter electrode disposed opposite the charging film on the other of the two,
2. The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein electric power is generated between the charging film and the counter electrode by an operation of at least one of the weight or the power transmission mechanism.   The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the housing has a non-magnetic back cover, and a magnetic field is applied from the outside through the back cover.   The power generation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power transmission mechanism is a toothed wheel train, and at least one of the gears constituting the toothed wheel train is a non-magnetic material. apparatus.   The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power transmission mechanism includes a one-way clutch or a two-way clutch.   The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the weight is a rotary weight that is rotatable with respect to the housing.   The power generator according to claim 6, wherein the rotating weight has a fan shape and swings when a magnetic field is applied from the outside of the housing.   The power generator according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a magnetic coupling member is provided on a line connecting a rotation axis of the rotary weight and a position of the center of gravity, and the rotary weight is made of a nonmagnetic material.   A timepiece comprising the power generation device according to claim 1.   A charging system comprising: the power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and an external charger that applies a magnetic field from the outside of the housing so that at least one of the weight or the power transmission mechanism operates. .   11. The charging system according to claim 10, wherein the external charger includes a rotating body in which an S pole and an N pole are provided substantially symmetrically with respect to a rotation axis, and a motor that rotates or swings the rotating body.   12. The external charger has at least two electromagnets, and the application to the two electromagnets is controlled so that when one is ON, the other is OFF. Charging system.

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