JP3985124B2 - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a compact one-way clutch having a small axial dimension.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a one-way clutch called a roller clutch as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is incorporated in a reel of a fishing tackle or a paper feed mechanism of a copying machine.
[0003]
This roller clutch comprises an outer ring 10, a shaft 11 corresponding to the inner ring, a number of rollers 12, a retainer 13 and a spring 14, and as shown in FIG. Inward flanges 10a, 10a are formed at both ends in the direction, and a large number of cam surfaces 10b are formed at equal intervals on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 10 as shown in FIG. Yes. A large number of rollers 12 are arranged between the respective cam surfaces 10b and the shaft 11 and are held by a cage 13 fixed to the inner side of the outer ring 10, and in a direction of biting into the cam surface 10b by a spring 14. It is energized.
[0004]
In such a roller clutch, for example, when the shaft 11 corresponding to the inner ring rotates clockwise, the roller 12 receiving the rotational force does not bite into the cam surface 10b against the urging force of the spring 14 (clockwise). ), The roller 12 idles with respect to the outer ring 10, and the rotational force of the shaft 11 is not transmitted to the outer ring 10, so that a so-called overrun state is established. On the other hand, when the shaft 11 rotates counterclockwise, the roller 12 receives the rotational force and the urging force of the spring 14 and is displaced in a direction (counterclockwise) in which the roller 12 bites into the cam surface 10b. In order to bite in, the shaft 11 is in a so-called locked state, and its rotational force is transmitted to the outer ring 10.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The roller clutch described above can transmit only rotation in one direction as described above. However, the roller 12 interposed between the cam surface 10b of the outer ring 10 and the shaft 11 is somewhat affected by processing restrictions. Therefore, there has been a problem that the axial dimension W (width dimension) of the outer ring 10 is increased, and a large mounting space is required in the axial direction.
[0006]
In addition, since this roller clutch has no positioning means in the axial direction with respect to the shaft 11, there is a problem that it is necessary to provide positioning means separately.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to cope with such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compact one-way clutch that has a smaller axial dimension than a conventional roller clutch and can be easily positioned with respect to a shaft. Is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a one-way clutch according to claim 1 of the present invention includes:
An inner ring in which two inner ring plates are bonded together and an outer ring mounting gap and a rolling element raceway are formed between the outer peripheral edges of the two inner ring plates;
A plate-like outer ring in which a plurality of holes for accommodating rolling elements are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and an inner peripheral edge is sandwiched between outer ring mounting gaps of the inner ring and is rotatably mounted;
A ball accommodated as a rolling element in each hole of the outer ring, and held by a cam surface on the outer ring outer peripheral side of each hole, and outer peripheral edges of two inner ring plates forming the track;
The inner ring, the outer ring and the ball is accommodated, a housing member with a lid to the outer ring is non-rotatably fixed, elastic piece for urging the ball into the back surface of the lid to the inner ring side circumferential Ri Na and includes a housing member with a lid which is protruded at equal intervals in the direction, and
A plurality of recesses for rotation prevention are formed at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the outer ring, and the outer ring is connected to the housing member by engaging the recesses with a protrusion formed on the inner peripheral surface of the housing member. Is fixed so that it cannot rotate.
A plurality of concave portions are formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the lid, and the lid is attached to the housing member so that the concave portions mesh with the convex portions of the inner peripheral surface of the housing member. The tip of each elastic piece is elastically contacted with each ball .
[0009]
In the one-way clutch having such a configuration, the axial dimension (width dimension) is maximum at the outer peripheral edge portions of the two inner ring plates forming the raceway of the rolling element, but the rolling element is not a roller. Since the ball is used, the dimension from the outer periphery to the outer periphery that forms this track is shortened, and the dimension is substantially the diameter of the ball plus the thickness of both outer periphery. Compared to the roller clutch that is installed, the axial dimension can be considerably shortened. In addition, the one-way clutch can be easily positioned in the axial direction and attached by simply fixing the inner ring obtained by bonding the two inner ring plates to the shaft.
[0010]
When the inner ring is attached and fixed to the shaft as described above, for example, when the shaft and the inner ring are rotated in a direction in which the ball does not bite into the cam surface, the ball idles in the hole of the outer ring and the rotational force of the shaft and the inner ring is increased. Since it is not transmitted to the outer ring, it will be in an overrun state, and conversely, if the shaft and inner ring are rotated in the direction that the ball bites into the cam surface, the ball will bite into the cam surface in the hole of the outer ring and become locked. The inner ring and the shaft are prevented from rotating.
[0012]
Also, such one-way clutch, on which can be easily and inexpensively mass-produced by means of injection molding or the like of a lid provided with elastic pieces, for example, a synthetic resin on the back surface, just depositing the cover to the housing member Since each elastic piece can be brought into elastic contact with the ball at the same time, the clutch assembling work is also simplified.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
1 is a front view of a one-way clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the clutch, FIGS. 3A and 3B are a sectional view and a front view of an inner ring of the clutch, FIG. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing and the front view of the outer ring | wheel of the clutch.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the one-way clutch includes an inner ring 1, an outer ring 2, a ball 3 that is a rolling element, and a spring 4.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 3, the inner ring 1 is formed by bonding two stainless steel inner ring plates 1 a and 1 a that are stamped and press-molded. On the outer peripheral edges of both inner ring plates 1 a and 1 a, 1b and curved portions 1c and 1c are formed. An outer ring mounting space 1d is formed between the step portions 1b and 1b on the outer peripheral edge, and a track 1e of the rolling element (ball 3) is formed between the curved portions 1c and 1c on the outer peripheral edge. Further, the inner periphery of the inner ring 1 has a D-cut shape so that a large torque can be applied when fixed to the shaft.
[0017]
In this embodiment, the two inner ring plates 1a, 1a are bonded and bonded at four locations with rivets 1f, but may be bonded by using other bonding means such as spot welding.
[0018]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer ring 2 is made of a stainless steel plate having a plurality of (six in this embodiment) holes 2a for receiving the balls 3 formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction by a punching press. As shown in FIG. 2, the inner peripheral edge of the outer ring 2 is sandwiched between outer ring mounting gaps 1 d of the inner ring 1 and is rotatably mounted.
[0019]
The hole 2a that accommodates the ball 3 has a cam surface 2b formed on the outer peripheral side of the outer ring. When the inner ring 1 rotates in one direction with respect to the outer ring 2, the ball 3 is cam surface as described later. It is designed to bite into 2b. Further, a plurality (six in this embodiment) of recessed recesses 2c are formed at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the outer ring 2 so that the outer ring 2 can be accommodated in a housing member 5 described later in a non-rotatable manner. It has become. The number of holes 2a and recesses 2c is not limited to six.
[0020]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a ball 3 is accommodated as a rolling element in each hole 2a of the outer ring 2, and the balls 3 are two pieces forming the cam surface 2b of each hole and the track 1e. The inner ring plates 1a and 1a are held by the curved portions 1c and 1c on the outer peripheral edge. Each ball 3 is biased by a spring 4 in a direction to bite into the cam surface 2b. In FIG. 1, the spring 4 is schematically shown as a coil spring, but an elastic piece 5 c described later is suitably employed as the spring 4.
[0021]
In the one-way clutch configured as described above, the axial dimension W (width dimension) is maximized at the curved portions 1c and 1c on the outer peripheral edges of the two inner ring plates 1a and 1a forming the raceway of the rolling element. Since the ball 3 is used instead of the roller as the rolling element, the maximum axial dimension W is substantially the dimension of the diameter of the ball 3 plus the plate thicknesses of the curved portions 1c and 1c of both outer peripheral edges. Compared with a roller clutch incorporating a conventional roller, the axial dimension W can be considerably shortened. In addition, this one-way clutch can easily perform axial positioning by fixing the inner ring 1 to the shaft 6.
[0022]
When the inner ring 1 is attached and fixed to the shaft 6 in this way and the inner ring 1 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 1, for example, the ball 3 receiving the rotational force rolls and displaces in the clockwise direction against the spring 4. Since the ball 3 idles in the hole 2a of the outer ring 2 and the rotational force of the inner ring 1 is not transmitted to the outer ring 2, an overrun state occurs. When the inner ring 1 is rotated counterclockwise, the ball 3 receiving the rotational force and the urging force of the spring 4 rolls and displaces counterclockwise, and the ball 3 is camped in the hole 2 a of the outer ring 2. Since it bites into 2b and becomes locked, the rotation of the inner ring 1 relative to the outer ring 2 is prevented, and the rotational force of the inner ring 1 is transmitted to the outer ring 2.
[0023]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a rear view of a lid of a housing member of the clutch.
[0024]
In the one-way clutch of this embodiment, the above-mentioned one-way clutch is accommodated in a housing member 5 (for example, a gear, a pulley, etc.) with a lid 5 a, and the concave portion 2 c of the outer ring 2 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the housing member 5. The outer ring 2 is fixed to the housing member 5 in a non-rotatable manner by meshing with the projected portions.
[0025]
The lid 5a of the housing member 5 is formed by injection molding an elastic synthetic resin such as polyacetal, for example. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the curved portion 1c on the outer peripheral edge of the inner ring plate 1a is fitted. An annular groove 5b to be inserted is formed on the back surface, and on the bottom surface of this annular groove 5b, six arc-shaped elastic pieces 5c for urging the balls 3 accommodated in the respective holes 2a of the outer ring 2 toward the inner ring 1 side. Are projected at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Six concave portions 5d are formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the lid 5a, and the lid 5a is covered on the housing member 5 so that the concave portions 5d mesh with the convex portions on the inner peripheral surface of the housing member 5. When worn, the tip of each elastic piece 5c comes into elastic contact with each ball 3 and urges each ball 3 toward the inner ring 1 side .
[0026]
The one-way clutch as described above, on the lid 5a which is integrally molded resilient piece 5c on the back surface can be easily and inexpensively mass-produced by injection molding of synthetic resin, only depositing the cover 5a in the housing member 5 Since the elastic pieces 5c can be brought into elastic contact with the ball 3 all at once, there is an advantage that the clutch assembling work is simplified.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As apparent from the above description, the one-way clutch of the present invention can be made thinner by reducing the dimension (width dimension) in the axial direction more significantly than the conventional roller clutch. There is a remarkable effect that the assembly work can be easily performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a one-way clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the clutch.
3A is a cross-sectional view of an inner ring of the clutch, and FIG. 3B is a front view of the inner ring of the clutch.
4A is a cross-sectional view of an outer ring of the clutch, and FIG. 4B is a front view of the outer ring of the clutch.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the cover of the housing member of the clutch.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional roller clutch.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Inner ring 1a Inner ring plate 1b Step part 1c of outer peripheral edge of inner ring plate 1d Curved part of outer peripheral edge of inner ring plate 1d Outer ring mounting gap 1e Rolling element raceway 2 Outer ring 2a Hole 2b for receiving rolling element Cam surface 3 Ball (Rolling Moving body)
4 Spring 5 Housing member 5a Housing member lid 5c Elastic piece

Claims (1)

An inner ring in which two inner ring plates are bonded together and an outer ring mounting gap and a rolling element raceway are formed between the outer peripheral edges of the two inner ring plates;
A plate-like outer ring in which a plurality of holes for accommodating rolling elements are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and an inner peripheral edge is sandwiched between outer ring mounting gaps of the inner ring and is rotatably mounted;
A ball accommodated as a rolling element in each hole of the outer ring, and held by a cam surface on the outer ring outer peripheral side of each hole, and outer peripheral edges of two inner ring plates forming the track;
The inner ring, the outer ring and the ball is accommodated, a housing member with a lid to the outer ring is non-rotatably fixed, elastic piece for urging the ball into the back surface of the lid to the inner ring side circumferential Ri Na and includes a housing member with a lid which is protruded at equal intervals in the direction, and
A plurality of locking recesses are formed at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the outer ring, and the outer ring is connected to the housing member by engaging the recesses with a protrusion formed on the inner peripheral surface of the housing member. Is fixed so that it cannot rotate.
A plurality of concave portions are formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the lid, and the lid is attached to the housing member so that the concave portions mesh with the convex portions of the inner peripheral surface of the housing member. the one-way clutch tip of each elastic piece you characterized in that as elastic contact with the respective ball.

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