JP7306953B2 - clutch device - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to a clutch device that connects and disconnects rotational force.

For example, in the clutch device described in Patent Document 1, a rubber resistor is used to apply rotational resistance to the retainer. The retainer restricts the rolling elements such as cylindrical rollers and steel balls from being displaced in the circumferential direction beyond a predetermined circumferential angle.

Japanese Patent No. 5117984

The frictional resistance of rubber tends to change greatly depending on the ambient temperature. Therefore, in the clutch device described in Patent Document 1, there is a high possibility that the timing of connecting and disconnecting the rotational force will greatly change according to the ambient temperature.

In view of the above points, the present disclosure discloses an example of a clutch device capable of suppressing a large change in the timing of connecting and disconnecting the rotational force due to changes in the ambient temperature.

A clutch device for connecting and disconnecting rotational force desirably includes, for example, at least one of the following constituent requirements.
That is, the constituent elements are a rotatable outer ring (3), an inner ring (4) housed in the outer ring (3) and rotatable about the same axis as the rotation center axis of the outer ring (3), A rolling element (5) arranged between the outer ring (3) and the inner ring (4); A recessed portion (3D) into which a part can be fitted, and an inclined surface (3E) provided in the recessed portion (3D) and inclined with respect to the circumferential direction centering on the rotation center axis, which absorbs the rotational force. An inclined surface (3E) that is inclined to generate a force that increases the contact surface pressure between the rolling element (5) and the outer ring (3) and the inner ring (4) when received, and at least in the outer ring (3) A retainer (6) partially housed and rotatable about the same axis as the rotation center axis of the outer ring (3), wherein the rolling elements (5) are arranged in a predetermined circumference in the circumferential direction. A retainer (6) for restricting displacement beyond an angle, and a friction member (7) that contacts the retainer (6) and exerts a frictional force that suppresses the rotation of the retainer (6). , a metal spring (8) exerting a pressing force to press the friction member (7) against the retainer (6).

As a result, even when the ambient temperature changes, the clutch device has a smaller change in the resistance force (frictional force) acting on the retainer (6) than in Patent Document 1, which uses rubber. Therefore, in the clutch device, it is possible to prevent the timing of connecting and disconnecting the rotational force from greatly changing due to changes in the ambient temperature.

Incidentally, the symbols in each parenthesis above are examples showing the correspondence with the specific configurations and the like described in the embodiments described later, and the present disclosure is not limited to the specific configurations and the like indicated by the symbols in the parentheses. .

It is a figure which shows the clutch apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 1 is an exploded view of a clutch device according to a first embodiment; FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the clutch apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation|movement of the clutch apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation|movement of the clutch apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing a retainer according to the first embodiment; FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the clutch apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure showing a cage and an outer race concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the clutch apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the friction member and spring which concern on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the friction member, spring, and 1st housing which concern on 1st Embodiment.

The following "embodiment of the invention" shows an example of an embodiment belonging to the technical scope of the present disclosure. In other words, the matters specifying the invention described in the claims are not limited to the specific configurations, structures, etc. shown in the following embodiments.

It should be noted that arrows and oblique lines indicating directions in each drawing are provided to facilitate understanding of the relationship between the drawings and the shape of each member or portion. Accordingly, the inventions shown in this disclosure are not limited to the orientations attached to each figure. Figures with hatching are not necessarily cross-sectional views.

At least one member or portion described with at least a reference numeral is provided unless otherwise specified as "one" or the like. In other words, two or more members may be provided unless there is a notice such as "one". The clutch apparatus shown in the present disclosure includes at least components such as the members or portions labeled and described.

(First embodiment)
In this embodiment, an example of the clutch device according to the present disclosure is applied to a one-way clutch for an automatic closing device. An automatic closing device is a device that lowers the shutter curtain using gravity acting on the shutter curtain.

The configuration of the automatic closing device according to this embodiment is the same as that of the automatic closing device described in Patent Document 1, for example. Therefore, in this embodiment, a detailed description of the configuration and operation of the automatic closing device is omitted.

<1. Overview of Clutch Device>
The clutch device 1 according to the present embodiment transmits the rotation of the driving source Mo (see FIG. 1) such as an electric motor when the driving source Mo rotates in the forward direction, and transmits the rotation of the driving source Mo when the driving source Mo rotates in the reverse direction. Rotational transmission is interrupted.

In other words, when the drive source Mo rotates forward, the output shaft 2 of the clutch device 1 is rotationally driven by the drive source Mo. When the drive source Mo is reversed, the output shaft 2 becomes freely rotatable regardless of the state of the drive source Mo.

Therefore, when the drive source Mo reverses, the transmission of the rotational force from the output shaft 2 to the drive source Mo side is cut off. That is, the clutch device 1 functions as a one-way clutch.

<2. Clutch Device>
<2.1 Outline configuration>
The clutch device 1 includes at least parts such as an outer ring 3, an inner ring 4, a plurality of rolling elements 5, a retainer 6, a plurality of friction members 7, and a plurality of springs 8, as shown in FIG. The same number of springs 8 as that of the friction members 7 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the assembly of the parts 3 to 8 (hereinafter referred to as the clutch body 9) is accommodated in a casing composed of a first housing 10, a second housing 11, and the like. Specifically, the first housing 10 and the second housing 11 house the clutch body 9 so as to sandwich the clutch body 9 from the axial direction.

The axial direction is the direction that coincides with the rotation center axis of the output shaft 2 . The first housing 10 and the second housing 11 are fastened together with fasteners such as screws. The output shaft 2 is rotatably supported by the first housing 10 . The drive source Mo is fixed to the second housing 11 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the output shaft 2 is supported by the first housing 10 via a bearing portion (slide bearing in this embodiment) 2A. The drive source Mo is fixed to the second housing 11 with screws while being fitted in the recess 11A of the second housing 11 .

<2.2 Detailed configuration>
<Outer ring, inner ring and rolling element>
The outer ring 3 is a member capable of rotating. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer ring 3 according to this embodiment is a cup-shaped rotating body having an annular ring portion 3A, a disk-shaped disk portion 3B, and the like. The ring portion 3A and the disk portion 3B are integrally molded from metal or resin.

A fitting portion 3C is provided on the disk portion 3B. The fitting portion 3C is a portion into which a drive shaft (not shown) of the drive source Mo is fitted. Therefore, the outer ring 3 rotates integrally with the drive shaft while being supported by the drive shaft.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner ring 4 is a member housed in the outer ring 3 (ring portion 3A in this embodiment) and rotatable about the same axis as the rotation center axis of the outer ring 3 . The inner ring 4 according to this embodiment is integrated with the output shaft 2 . Therefore, the outer ring 3, the inner ring 4 and the output shaft 2 rotate about the same axis.

A plurality of (three in this embodiment) rolling elements 5 are arranged between the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 4 as shown in FIG. Each rolling element 5 according to this embodiment is a metal roller. The inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 3, that is, the inner peripheral surface of the ring portion 3A, is provided with the same number of depressions 3D as the rolling elements 5. As shown in FIG.

Each recessed portion 3D is a recess recessed from the inner peripheral surface of the ring portion 3A toward the outer peripheral surface side of the ring portion 3A. The recesses 3D have depths that allow at least a portion of the rolling elements 5 to fit therein.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the depth of each recessed portion 3D is defined as "when each rolling element 5 is fitted into the corresponding recessed portion 3D, the rolling element 5 is separated from the inner ring 4. It is deep enough to be in a state.

The outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 4 is provided with a plurality of uneven portions 4A. As shown in FIG. 5, each concave-convex portion 4A exerts a force that pushes the rolling elements 5 in contact with the concave-convex portion 4A toward the ring portion 3A when the inner ring 4 rotates forward or backward. It is a shape that acts on the rolling element 5.

Specifically, when a virtual circle that is inscribed at the tip of each uneven portion 4A is defined as an inscribed circle, and the tangential direction of the inscribed circle at the tip is defined as the circumferential direction, each uneven portion 4A is in the circumferential direction It is composed of a curved surface that is inclined with respect to and recessed toward the center of rotation.

Each recessed portion 3D is provided with an inclined surface 3E. Each inclined surface 3E is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction centering on the axis of rotation, and increases the contact surface pressure between the rolling elements 5 and the outer ring 3 and inner ring 4 when the outer ring 3 rotates forward. It is tilted so that force is generated.

"Inclined with respect to the circumferential direction about the rotation center axis" means "at the intersection of the virtual circle centered on the rotation center axis and the inclined surface 3E, the inclined surface 3E is slanted."

The clutch device 1 according to this embodiment is configured to generate a force that increases the contact surface pressure when the outer ring 3 rotates forward. Therefore, each inclined surface 3E is provided only on the reverse side of each recessed portion 3D.

Each inclined surface 3E according to the present embodiment is configured by a plane inclined with respect to the circumferential direction. That is, the inclination angle of the inclined surface 3E is the same angle regardless of the position of the inclined surface 3E. The inclination angle of the inclined surface 3E is the angle between the tangential direction and the inclined surface 3E.

<Cage and friction member>
The retainer 6 is a member for restricting the displacement of each rolling element 5 in the circumferential direction (direction of forward rotation or direction of reverse rotation) beyond a predetermined circumferential angle. At least part of the retainer 6 is housed in the outer ring 3 and is rotatable about the same axis as the rotation center axis of the outer ring 3 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6A, the retainer 6 has a substrate 6A, a retaining portion 6B, a cylindrical portion 6C, and the like. The substrate 6A is a disk-shaped portion. The holding portion 6B is provided on one surface of the substrate 6A and is a portion for restricting the displacement of each rolling element 5 in the circumferential direction.

The holding portion 6B is composed of a plurality of protruding members 6E that protrude from the substrate 6A in the axial direction. The plurality of projecting members 6E are arranged in series along the circumferential direction. A gap 6F into which the rolling element 5 can be fitted is provided between adjacent projecting members 6E. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each rolling element 5 is restricted from being displaced in the circumferential direction.

The cylindrical portion 6C is a cylindrical portion provided on the other surface of the substrate 6A, as shown in FIG. 6B. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 3, the friction member 7 is in contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6D of the cylindrical portion 6C.

The friction member 7 is a member that comes into contact with the retainer 6 (cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6</b>D) and exerts a frictional force that suppresses the rotation of the retainer 6 . In this embodiment, the friction member 7 is made of resin, and the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6D is made of metal.

For this reason, the retainer 6 according to the present embodiment is configured as an integral product in which the substrate 6A, the retaining portion 6B, and the cylindrical portion 6C are integrally formed of metal. The retainer 6 is provided with a restricting portion 6G, as shown in FIG.

The regulating portion 6G is a portion for regulating the rotation of the retainer 6 with respect to the outer ring 3 beyond a predetermined circumferential angle. Specifically, the restricting portion 6G is a projecting portion projecting from the substrate 6A toward the inner peripheral surface of the ring portion 3A. A concave portion 3F into which the restricting portion 6G can be fitted is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the ring portion 3A.

A circumferential angle A of a portion of the restricting portion 6G along the circumferential direction is smaller than a circumferential angle B of a portion of the concave portion 3F along the circumferential direction. Therefore, the holding portion 6B can rotate with respect to the outer ring 3 only within a range of a predetermined circumferential angle with respect to the outer ring 3 .

It should be noted that the difference between the circumferential angle B and the circumferential angle A is the circumferential angle C (see FIG. 4) of the portion along the circumferential direction of the recessed portion 3D (including the inclined surface 3E) and the clearance 6F. The circumferential angle D (see FIG. 4) of the portion along the circumferential direction is approximately equal to the subtracted value.

<Spring>
The spring 8 is a metal elastic member that exerts a pressing force that presses the friction member 7 against the retainer 6 (cylindrical portion 6C). As shown in FIG. 9, the spring 8 according to this embodiment is a plate spring having a U-shaped curved strip.

A spring 8 is arranged in a gap between the first housing 10 and the friction member 7 to press the friction member 7 against the cylindrical portion 6C. Specifically, a portion of the spring 8 corresponding to one end in the longitudinal direction of the band plate contacts the substrate 6A side of the cylindrical portion 6C to exert a pressing force.

Therefore, the bent portion 8A (see FIG. 10) of the spring 8 is located on the side of the bottom portion 10A of the first housing 10 (the left side of the first housing 10 in FIG. 9) and is in contact with the bottom portion 10A. there is This defines the axial position of the spring 8 .

Each friction member 7 is provided with a groove portion 7A into which one end side of each spring 8 is fitted, as shown in FIG. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 11, the first housing 10 is provided with grooves 10B into which the other ends of the springs 8 are fitted. A widened portion 8B (see FIG. 10) is provided on the other end side of each spring 8 so as to have substantially the same width as the groove portion 10B.

<2.3 Operation of clutch device>
<Transmission of rotational force>
The frictional force generated at the contact surface between the friction member 7 and the cylindrical portion 6</b>C serves as a force that restricts the retainer 6 from rotating with respect to the first housing 10 . Therefore, when the outer ring 3 (drive source Mo) rotates forward in the state shown in FIG. 4, the outer ring 3 rotates relative to the inner ring 4, resulting in the state shown in FIG. Become.

When the outer ring 3 rotates forward in the state shown in FIG. 5, the restricting portion 6G is engaged with the concave portion 3F, so that the retainer 6 rotates forward together with the outer ring 3. . At this time, part of the force that rotates the outer ring 3 presses each rolling element 5 toward the inner ring 4 via each inclined surface 3E.

As a result, a force is generated to increase the contact surface pressure between the rolling elements 5 and the outer ring 3 and inner ring 4, and each rolling element 5 is engaged with one of the uneven portions 4A. That is, the output shaft 2 rotates forward together with the outer ring 3 .

<Isolation of rotational force>
For example, in the state shown in FIG. 5, when the outer ring 3 (drive source Mo) rotates in the reverse direction, the outer ring 3 rotates relative to the inner ring 4, resulting in the state shown in FIG. In the state shown in FIG. 4, no force is generated to increase the contact surface pressure between the rolling elements 5 and the outer ring 3 and inner ring 4 .

When the inner ring 4 rotates in either direction while the outer ring 3 is in the state shown in FIG. 4, the rolling elements 5 move away from the concave-convex portion 4A and fit into the recessed portion 3D. Therefore, no rotational force is transmitted from the inner ring 4 to the outer ring 3 in this state.

In other words, when the rolling elements 5 cannot contact the inclined surfaces 3E, the clutch device 1 is in a state in which transmission of rotational force is interrupted. In this state, the inner ring 4 is in a state in which both forward rotation and reverse rotation are possible.

In this embodiment, when the outer ring 3 is in the state shown in FIG. 4, the reverse rotation of the drive source Mo is stopped. If the outer ring 3 continues to rotate in the reverse direction even after the outer ring 3 reaches the state shown in FIG. rotate in the direction

Therefore, the relative positional relationship between the retainer 6 and the outer ring 3 is maintained as shown in FIG. Therefore, even if the outer ring 3 continues to rotate in the reverse direction, no force is generated to press the rolling elements 5 against the inner ring 4 , so no rotational force is transmitted from the outer ring 3 to the inner ring 4 .

<3. Features of Clutch Device According to Present Embodiment>
In this embodiment, the spring 8 that presses the friction member 7 against the retainer 6 is made of metal. Therefore, in the clutch device 1, even when the ambient temperature changes, the resistance (frictional force) acting on the retainer 6 changes less than in Patent Document 1 using rubber. Therefore, in the clutch device 1, it is suppressed that the timing for intermittently connecting the rotational force is greatly changed due to the change in the ambient temperature.

The spring 8 according to the present embodiment is a plate spring having a band plate curved in a U-shape, and a portion of the spring 8 corresponding to one longitudinal end of the band plate is located on the substrate 6A side of the cylindrical portion 6C. A pressing force is applied. Thereby, in this embodiment, the change in the resistance acting on the retainer 6 can be reduced.

That is, when the pressing force acts on the tip side of the cylindrical portion 6C, the cylindrical portion 6C deforms more than when the pressing force acts on the base side of the cylindrical portion 6C (the substrate 6A side of the cylindrical portion 6C). Therefore, when a pressing force acts on the tip side of the cylindrical portion 6C, the generated resistance becomes unstable.

In contrast, in the present embodiment, since the pressing force acts on the substrate 6A side of the cylindrical portion 6C, the generated resistance is stabilized, and the change in the resistance acting on the retainer 6 can be reduced. Furthermore, in the clutch device 1, it is possible to prevent the timing of connecting and disconnecting the rotational force from greatly changing due to changes in the ambient temperature.

The inclined surface 3E according to this embodiment is configured by a plane inclined with respect to the circumferential direction. As a result, when the outer ring 3 reverses and the inner ring 4 reverses in the state shown in FIG. 5, the rolling elements 5 are quickly displaced to the positions shown in FIG. Therefore, the clutch device 1 quickly enters the disengaged state.

Since the rolling elements 5 are displaced along the inclined surface 3E to the positions shown in FIG. The distance becomes longer compared to the case where the inclined surface 3E is formed by a flat surface.

Therefore, when the inclined surface 3E is formed as a curved inclined surface, the moving distance of the rolling elements 5 becomes longer than when the inclined surface 3E is formed as a flat surface. It takes longer time to become

(Other embodiments)
The inner ring 4 according to the above embodiment was provided with a plurality of uneven portions 4A. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure may be, for example, an inner ring 4 in which the uneven portions 4A are eliminated. When the inner ring 4 without the concave and convex portions 4A is used, the torque is transmitted from the outer ring 3 to the inner ring 4 by the frictional force generated at the contact portion between the rolling element 5 and the inner ring 4 .

In the above-described embodiment, the recessed portion 3D was provided in the outer ring 3 . However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure may be, for example, a configuration in which the recessed portion 3D is provided in the inner ring 4 .

The spring 8 according to the above-described embodiment is a plate spring having a band plate curved in a U shape. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, according to the disclosure, the spring 8 may be composed of, for example, a garter spring or a gutter-like leaf spring.

In the above-described embodiment, the friction member 7 is made of resin, and the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6D is made of metal. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure may be, for example, a configuration in which both the friction member 7 and the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6D are made of resin, or a configuration in which both the friction member 7 and the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6D are made of metal.

The rolling elements 5 according to the above-described embodiments were rollers. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, according to the disclosure, the rolling elements 5 may be composed of, for example, steel balls or gear-shaped rollers.

In the above-described embodiments, the clutch device according to the present disclosure is applied to the one-way clutch for the automatic closing device. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the clutch device according to the disclosure is applicable to automobiles, for example.

In the above-described embodiment, the driving force is input to the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 4 is connected to the output shaft 2 . However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure may have a configuration in which driving force is input to the inner ring 4 and the outer ring 3 is connected to the output shaft 2 .

The plurality of uneven portions 4A according to the above-described embodiment have a shape that is congruent when viewed from one side in the axial direction and when viewed from the other side in the axial direction. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, according to the disclosure, for example, the shape of the uneven portion 4A viewed from one side in the axial direction may be different from the shape viewed from the other side in the axial direction.

In the embodiment described above, the friction member 7 and the spring 8 are separate parts. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure may, for example, allow the friction member 7 and the spring 8 to be an integral part. That is, a clutch device in which a part of the spring 8 constitutes the friction member 7 may be used.

In the above-described embodiment, a plurality (three) of rolling elements 5 are provided. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure suffices, for example, with at least one rolling element 5 . It should be noted that the number of depressions 3D (including inclined surfaces 3E) must be equal to or greater than the number of rolling elements 5 .

The friction member 7 according to the above embodiment is configured to contact the cylindrical portion 6</b>C of the retainer 6 from the outside in the radial direction and exert a frictional force on the retainer 6 . However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure may be, for example, a configuration in which the friction member 7 contacts the retainer 6 from the rotation axis direction, or a configuration in which the cylindrical portion 6C is contacted from the radially inner side.

In the above-described embodiment, the spring 8 is configured to directly contact the friction member 7 to exert a pressing force. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure may be, for example, a configuration in which another member is interposed between the spring 8 and the friction member 7 so that the spring 8 indirectly contacts the friction member 7 to exert a pressing force.

In the above-described embodiment, multiple friction members 7 and multiple springs 8 are provided. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, the disclosure is sufficient if, for example, at least one friction member 7 and at least one spring 8 are provided.

In the above-described embodiment, the inclined surface 3E is configured as a flat surface. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. That is, according to the disclosure, for example, the inclined surface 3E may be configured as a curved surface.

Furthermore, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments as long as it conforms to the gist of the disclosure described in the above-described embodiments. Therefore, in the configuration in which at least two of the above-described embodiments are combined, or in the above-described embodiments, any one of the illustrated constituent elements or the constituent elements described with reference numerals is abolished. It may be configured as

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Clutch device 3... Outer ring 3A... Ring part 3B... Disk part 3C... Fitting part 3D... Recessed part 3E... Inclined surface 3F... Recessed part 4... Inner ring 4A... Uneven part 5... Rolling element 6... Cage 6A... Substrate 6B ... Holding part 6E... Protruding member 6F... Gap 6C... Cylindrical part 6D... Cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6G... Regulating part 7... Friction member 7A... Groove part 8... Spring 10... First housing 11... Second housing

Claims (3)

In a clutch device that interrupts rotational force,
a rotatable outer ring;
an inner ring housed in the outer ring and rotatable about the same axis as the rotation center axis of the outer ring;
a rolling element arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring;
a recessed portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and into which at least a portion of the rolling element can be fitted;
An inclined surface provided in the recessed portion and inclined with respect to a circumferential direction centering on the rotation center axis, the contact surface between the rolling element and the outer ring and the inner ring when a rotational force is received. an inclined surface inclined to generate a force that increases pressure;
A retainer that is at least partially housed in the outer ring and rotatable about the same axis as the rotation center axis of the outer ring, wherein the rolling elements form a predetermined circumferential angle in the circumferential direction. a retainer for restricting displacement over;
a friction member that is in contact with the retainer and exerts a frictional force that suppresses rotation of the retainer;
a metal spring exerting a pressing force to press the friction member against the retainer ;
The retainer is
disk-shaped substrate,
a holding portion provided on one surface of the substrate for restricting displacement of the rolling element in the circumferential direction;
a cylindrical portion provided on the other surface of the substrate, the cylindrical portion having the friction member in contact with the cylindrical surface;
The spring is a leaf spring with a strip curved in a U shape,
A clutch device in which a portion of the spring corresponding to one end in the longitudinal direction of the band plate exerts a pressing force on the substrate side of the cylindrical portion. The friction member is made of resin,
2. A clutch device according to claim 1 , wherein said cylindrical surface is made of metal. The clutch device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the inclined surface is configured by a plane inclined with respect to the circumferential direction.

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