JP3983208B2 - Cogeneration system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a combined heat and power device capable of outputting electric power and heat and adjusting the output, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the heat output from the combined heat and power device, and an operation control for controlling the operation. Means are provided,
The operation control means selects one adjustment step setting output according to the currently requested current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs set stepwise in advance, and the adjustment step setting output The present invention relates to a cogeneration system configured to perform step output operation for adjusting the output of the cogeneration device.

  In the cogeneration system as described above, the combined heat and power device is composed of a combination of an internal combustion engine or an external combustion engine and a generator, a fuel cell, and the like, and uses power output from the combined heat and power means. By storing the heat output from the combined heat and power device in the hot water storage tank as hot water, the power and heat output from the combined heat and power device are used to save energy.

  In the cogeneration system as described above, conventionally, the operation control means selects one step setting output for adjustment according to the current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs set in stages, By performing step output operation that adjusts the output of the combined heat and power supply to the adjustment step setting output, hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank while covering the current power load (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

JP 2001-258293 A

However, in the above conventional cogeneration system, the operation control means can cover the current power load by performing the step output operation, but it does not correspond to the currently required current heat load, and the current heat load. There is a possibility that a heat shortage state in which the load cannot be covered or a heat surplus state in which heat is excessive with respect to the current heat load may occur.
That is, for example, when the current control load performs a step output operation when the current power load is small and the current heat load is large, such as in winter, the heat output from the combined heat and power supply device is small. The load cannot be covered, resulting in a lack of heat.
In addition, for example, when the current control load performs a step output operation when the current power load is large and the current heat load is small, such as in summer, the heat output from the combined heat and power supply device is large. Excess heat is generated with respect to the load, and a surplus heat state occurs.

When a heat shortage occurs, the auxiliary heating means for heating the hot water when the hot water is not stored in the hot water storage tank is operated to cover the current heat load. May decrease.
In addition, when an excess heat condition occurs, the excess heat with respect to the current heat load is stored in the hot water storage tank, but the heat stored in the hot water storage tank is merely dissipated without being used. Efficiency will be reduced.

  This invention is made paying attention to this point, and the objective is to provide the cogeneration system which can implement | achieve further energy saving.

In order to achieve the above object, the first characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention includes a combined heat and power device capable of adjusting the output by outputting electric power and heat, and heat output from the combined heat and power device. A hot water storage tank for storing heated hot water and an operation control means for controlling operation are provided;
The operation control means selects one adjustment step setting output according to the currently requested current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs set stepwise in advance, and the adjustment step setting output A cogeneration system configured to perform step output operation for adjusting the output of the combined heat and power supply device,
The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load, and performs the step output operation on the time-series power load to perform a time-series operation. When a heat shortage state in which heat is insufficient with respect to a typical heat load is predicted, the output of the cogeneration device is output to the step setting output on the side larger than the current power load in a predetermined output increase target time zone. It is configured to perform the output increase operation to be adjusted ,
Even if the operation control means predicts the heat shortage by performing the step output operation, heat remains for a time-series heat load by performing the output increase operation in the output increase target time zone. When a surplus heat state is predicted, it is configured to prohibit the output increase operation in the output increase target time zone .

That is, since the operation control unit manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load, performing the step output operation with respect to the time-series power load, It is possible to predict whether or not a heat shortage state in which heat is insufficient with respect to the heat load will occur.
The operation control means outputs a predetermined output when a heat shortage state in which heat is insufficient with respect to the time series heat load is predicted by performing step output operation on the time series power load. Since the output increase operation is performed in the increase target time zone, larger heat can be output than when the step output operation is performed.
Therefore, since the large heat output by performing the output increase operation can cover the time-series heat load, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a heat shortage state.

From the above, according to the first characteristic configuration, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a heat shortage state, so that the operation of the auxiliary heating means for heating the hot water when hot water is not stored in the hot water storage tank is performed. It has become possible to avoid as much as possible, and it has come to be able to provide a cogeneration system that can realize further energy saving.
In addition, the operation control means outputs in the output increase target time zone such as the earliest set time zone when the excess heat state is not predicted before the set time zone where a heat shortage state is predicted by performing step output operation. It is possible to specify whether or not a surplus heat state is predicted within the set cycle in a state where the ascending operation is assumed.
And if the output increase operation is performed to suppress the heat shortage state, a surplus heat state may occur in other set time zones, and the surplus heat is merely dissipated, which hinders energy saving. There is a risk of doing.
Therefore, the operation control means, as described above, performs the output increase operation in the output increase target time period even when the excess heat state is not predicted before the set time period in which the heat shortage state is predicted by performing the step output operation. When a surplus heat state is predicted by performing the step, the output increase operation is prohibited and the step output operation is performed in the output increase target time zone.
Therefore, the operation control means can avoid the excess heat due to the output increase operation for suppressing the heat shortage while suppressing the occurrence of the heat shortage.

  According to a second feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to the first feature configuration, the operation control unit sets a time-series power load and a time-series heat load within a set cycle. It is configured so as to be managed for each time zone, and is configured so that a set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted by performing the step output operation is set as the output increase target time zone. .

  That is, since the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period, it is assumed that the step output operation is performed, It is possible to specify a set time zone in which a heat shortage state is predicted within the set cycle.

  Then, the operation control means uses the set time zone in which a heat shortage state is predicted by performing step output operation as the output increase target time zone, and the output increase operation is performed regardless of the current power load in the output increase target time zone. To increase the output of the cogeneration device.

  Therefore, the operation control means can cause the heat and power supply apparatus to output a heat component that is insufficient with respect to a time-series heat load by performing an output increase operation in a set time period in which a heat shortage state is predicted, The occurrence of a heat shortage state can be accurately suppressed.

  According to a third characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to the first characteristic configuration, the operation control unit sets a time-series power load and a time-series heat load within a set cycle. It is configured to manage for each time zone, and is configured to set a set time zone before the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted by performing the step output operation as the output increase target time zone. There is in point.

  That is, since the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period, it is assumed that the step output operation is performed, It is possible to specify a set time zone in which a heat shortage state is predicted within the set cycle.

  Then, the operation control means sets a set time zone before the set time zone in which a heat shortage state is predicted by performing the step output operation as an output increase target time zone, and relates to the current power load in the output increase target time zone. First, the output increase operation is performed to increase the output of the cogeneration apparatus.

  Therefore, the operation control means performs the output increasing operation in a set time period before the set time period in which a heat shortage state is predicted, so that the hot water storage tank precedes the heat component that is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load. Therefore, the occurrence of a heat shortage state can be accurately suppressed.

  According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to the third characteristic configuration, the operation control means precedes a heat component that is insufficient with respect to a time-series heat load as the output increasing operation. Then, one or a plurality of set time zones selected from those close to the set time zone where the heat shortage state is predicted are set as the output increase target time zone so as to be stored in the hot water storage tank. In the point.

  That is, the operation control means, for example, in the state of assuming that the output of the combined heat and power supply device is increased to the maximum step setting output or the like during the selected set time period as the output increasing operation, Select a set time zone that is earlier than the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted and close to the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted so that the insufficient heat can be accumulated in the hot water storage tank in advance. Then, the selected one or a plurality of set time zones is set as an output increase target time zone, and the output of the combined heat and power device is increased in the output increase target time zone regardless of the current power load.

  Therefore, the operation control means performs the output increase operation, and prior to the set time period in which the heat shortage state is predicted, the operation control means precedes the heat shortage with respect to the time-series heat load in the hot water storage tank. Therefore, the occurrence of a heat shortage state can be accurately suppressed.

  In addition to the third feature configuration, the fifth feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is configured such that the operation control unit is configured to respond to a time-series heat load before a set time period in which the heat shortage state is predicted. When the surplus heat state with excess heat is not predicted, the earliest set time zone is set as the output increase target time zone.

  That is, since the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period, it is assumed that the step output operation is performed, It is possible to specify a set time period in which a heat shortage state is predicted within a set period, and whether or not a surplus heat state is predicted before the set time period in which the heat shortage state is predicted. .

  Then, the operation control means increases the output of the earliest set time zone, that is, the next set time zone, when the excess heat state is not predicted before the set time zone where the heat shortage state is predicted by performing the step output operation. In the target time zone, and in the output increase target time zone, regardless of the current power load, the output increase operation is performed to increase the output of the cogeneration device.

  Therefore, the operation control means performs the output increase operation in the earliest set time zone when the excess heat state is not predicted before the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted by performing step output operation. Capable of accumulating heat insufficiency for sequential heat loads in hot water storage tanks with sufficient margin for the set time zone in which the heat shortage is expected, and accurately suppressing the occurrence of heat shortage become.

According to a sixth feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to fifth feature configurations, the operation control unit is configured to output each of a plurality of step setting outputs in the output increase target time zone. When the current power load is larger than the output increase reference value set for, the output increase operation is performed in the output increase target time zone.

  That is, when the current power load is smaller than the output increase reference value in the output increase target time zone, the operation control means outputs the output of the cogeneration device to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load. If the current power load is larger than the output increase reference value, the power increase operation such as adjusting the output of the combined heat and power unit to the step setting output that is one step larger than the current power load should be performed. become.

If the current power load is smaller than the reference value for increasing the output, if the output of the combined heat and power device is increased to a step setting output etc. that is one step larger than the current power load, the combined heat and power device with respect to the current power load There is a possibility that the power output from the power supply increases and surplus power is generated, which may hinder energy saving.
However, since the operation control means adjusts the output of the cogeneration device to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load when the current power load is smaller than the output increase reference value, the surplus power Generation of energy can be suppressed and energy saving can be realized.
Moreover, when the current power load is larger than the output increase reference value, the operation control means increases the output of the combined heat and power unit to the step setting output etc. that is one step larger than the current power load. Heat can be output and the occurrence of a heat shortage state can be suppressed.
Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of a heat shortage state can be suppressed, suppressing generation | occurrence | production of surplus electric power.

According to a seventh feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to sixth feature configurations, the operation control means performs the maximum step of the output of the cogeneration device as the output increase operation. It is the point which is comprised so that it may adjust to a setting output.

  That is, since the operation control means adjusts the output of the combined heat and power supply device to the maximum step setting output as the output increasing operation, it is possible to output as much heat as possible and suppress the occurrence of the heat shortage state.

  For example, the operation control means sets the output of the combined heat and power unit to the maximum step in the earliest set time zone when the excess heat state is not predicted before the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted by performing step output operation. By adjusting to the output, it is possible to store enough heat in the hot water storage tank prior to the set time period when a heat shortage state is predicted, and to suppress the occurrence of the heat shortage more accurately. become.

The eighth feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention includes, in addition to any one of the first to sixth feature configurations, the operation control means, as the output increase operation, from a plurality of step setting outputs, Is selected to prohibit one or a plurality of step setting outputs set in accordance with a heat quantity that is insufficient with respect to a time-series heat load as the step setting output for adjustment. There is in point.

  In other words, when the operation control means selects the step setting output to be prohibited in the output increase target time zone as the output increase operation, the operation control means sets the current power load from the uninhibited step setting output on the larger side. Assuming that the closest one is selected, as a step setting output for adjustment in a form that prioritizes the minimum side from the multiple step setting outputs so as to cover the heat shortage with respect to the time series heat load Set the step setting output that cannot be selected.

For example, if the amount of heat that is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load is small, it is prohibited that only the minimum step setting output is selected as the adjustment step setting output.
If only the minimum step setting output is prohibited and the heat quantity that is insufficient for the time-series heat load cannot be covered, the minimum step setting output and the next smaller step setting output are adjusted steps. Selection as a setting output is prohibited.

  Therefore, it is prohibited to select a part of the step setting output on the smaller side such as the minimum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output, and the step setting output larger than the step setting output for which the selection is prohibited is selected. By adjusting the output, it is possible to output a large amount of heat and suppress the occurrence of a heat shortage state.

  Then, the operation control means selects according to the current power load if the step setting output selected according to the current power load is not prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output during the time period to be increased. If the step setting output selected according to the current power load is prohibited from being selected as the step setting output for adjustment, the output of the combined heat and power unit is adjusted to the step setting output. Since the output of the combined heat and power supply apparatus is adjusted to a step setting output larger than the selected step setting output, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a heat shortage state while accommodating the current power load.

The ninth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is set from a plurality of step setting outputs as the output increasing operation in addition to any one of the first to sixth characteristic configurations. It is the point which is comprised so that the output of the said combined heat and power supply apparatus may be adjusted to one step setting output for a raise.

That is, since the operation control means adjusts the output of the combined heat and power unit to one step setting output for increasing set from a plurality of step setting outputs in the output increase target time zone as the output increasing operation, the heat shortage state is In the predicted set time zone, regardless of the current power load, the heat output from the combined heat and power supply device becomes the rising step setting output.
Also, the step setting output for ascending is set to a larger step setting output, for example, as the amount of heat that is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load increases, It can be set accordingly.

  Therefore, with an easy control configuration that adjusts the output of the combined heat and power unit to the rising step setting output, the heat is increased by the rising step setting output that is set according to the heat component that is insufficient with respect to the time series heat load. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a heat shortage state while simplifying the configuration.

The tenth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention includes, in addition to any one of the first to sixth characteristic configurations, the operation control means, as the output increase operation, from a plurality of step setting outputs, One or a plurality of step setting outputs set in accordance with the heat quantity that is insufficient with respect to a time-series thermal load in a form giving priority to the step setting output between the setting output and the minimum step setting output. The point is that the selection as the setting output is prohibited.

  That is, in selecting the step setting output to be prohibited in the output increase operation, it is assumed that the closest one to the current power load is selected from the uninhibited step setting output on the larger side, Step setting for adjustment in the form of giving priority to the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output from the multiple step setting outputs so as to cover the insufficient heat for time series heat load Set the step setting output that cannot be selected as output.

For example, if the amount of heat that is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load is small, only one step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output may be selected as the adjustment step setting output. It is forbidden.
If only one step setting output is prohibited and the heat quantity that is insufficient for the time-series heat load cannot be covered, a plurality of steps between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output If the step setting output is set, two step setting outputs between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output, and the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are prohibited. If only one step setting output is set between the setting output, the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are selected as the adjustment step setting outputs. It will be prohibited.

If the minimum step setting output cannot be selected as the adjustment step setting output, even if the current power load is small, the output of the combined heat and power unit will be adjusted to a step setting output larger than the minimum step setting output, and surplus power This may cause the generation of energy and hinder energy saving.
However, since the step setting output that cannot be selected as the step setting output for adjustment is set in a form that gives priority to the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output, the minimum step setting output is set as much as possible. As a result, the large step setting output can be selected as the adjustment step setting output while preventing the generation of surplus power.

  From the above, the operation control means selects the large step setting output as the adjustment step setting output while preventing the minimum step setting output from being selected as the adjustment step setting output. Since the output of the cogeneration device is adjusted to the output, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a heat shortage state while suppressing the generation of surplus power.

The eleventh characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is, in addition to any one of the first to sixth characteristic configurations, the operation control means, as the output increase operation, one step larger than the current power load. The output of the cogeneration apparatus is adjusted to the step set output.

That is, the operation control means adjusts the output of the cogeneration device to the step setting output that is one step larger than the current power load in the output increase target time zone. Generation | occurrence | production can be suppressed.
Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of a heat shortage state can be suppressed, suppressing generation | occurrence | production of surplus electric power.

A twelfth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to any one of the first to eleventh characteristic configurations, the operation control means includes a past time series power load and a past time series. It is in the point which is comprised so that the said heat shortage state may be estimated from a typical heat load.

  That is, it is assumed that the actual power load and heat load are predicted from the past time-series power load and heat load, and stepped output operation is performed so as to cover the predicted power load. On the other hand, it can be predicted whether or not the heat output from the combined heat and power supply device is insufficient.

In the thirteenth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to the above twelfth characteristic configuration, the operation control means is configured such that a deviation between an actual integrated value of an actual thermal load and a past integrated value of a past thermal load is It is configured to prohibit the output increase operation during the output increase target time zone when the actual integrated value is outside the set range and the actual integrated value is larger than the past integrated value by an allowable value or more. In the point.

  That is, if the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value of the thermal load is outside the set range, and the actual integrated value is greater than the allowable value by more than the allowable value, the operation control unit Even if there is a heat load ahead of the predicted time zone, it is possible to prevent the output increase operation by prohibiting the output increase operation even during the output increase target time zone .

In addition to the twelfth or thirteenth feature configuration, the fourteenth feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is characterized in that the operation control means includes an actual integrated value of the actual heat load and a past integrated value of the past heat load. When the deviation is out of the set range and the past integrated value is larger than the actual integrated value by an allowable value or more, the output increase target time zone is delayed by a predetermined time.

  That is, if the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value of the thermal load is outside the set range, and the past integrated value is greater than the allowable value by the operation control unit, the heat control is insufficient. Assuming that there is a thermal load later than the predicted time period, delay the output increase target time period for performing the output increase operation for a predetermined time, and perform the output increase operation immediately before the time period when the heat is insufficient. It is possible to accurately suppress the occurrence of the heat shortage state.

The fifteenth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention includes, in addition to the first characteristic configuration, auxiliary heating means for generating insufficient heat,
The operation control means is configured to predict the heat shortage state from the operating state of the auxiliary heating means as the time-series heat load.

  That is, the operation control unit can predict a heat shortage state from the operating state of the auxiliary heating unit, for example, when the integrated value of the hot water supply amount in the state of operating the auxiliary heating unit is equal to or more than a set value, Output lowering operation can be performed.

In order to achieve the above object, the sixteenth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention includes a combined heat and power device capable of adjusting the output by outputting electric power and heat, and heat output from the combined heat and power device. A hot water storage tank for storing heated hot water and an operation control means for controlling operation are provided;
The operation control means selects one adjustment step setting output according to the currently requested current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs set stepwise in advance, and the adjustment step setting output A cogeneration system configured to perform step output operation for adjusting the output of the combined heat and power supply device,
The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load, and performs the step output operation on the time-series power load to perform a time-series operation. When a surplus heat state with excess heat with respect to a typical heat load is predicted, the output of the cogeneration device is adjusted to a step setting output on the side smaller than the current power load in a predetermined output decrease target time zone Is configured to perform a power down operation ,
The operation control means, even if the excess heat is predicted by performing the step output operation, heat is insufficient for a time-series heat load by performing the output decrease operation in the output decrease target time zone. When a heat shortage state is predicted, it is configured to prohibit the output lowering operation during the output lowering target time zone .

That is, since the operation control unit manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load, performing the step output operation with respect to the time-series power load, It is possible to predict whether or not a surplus heat state in which heat remains with respect to the heat load will occur.
Then, the operation control means performs a step output operation on the time-series power load, and when a heat surplus state in which heat remains with respect to the time-series heat load is predicted, a predetermined output decrease Since the output decreasing operation is performed in the ascending target time zone, it is possible to output smaller heat than in the step output operation.
Therefore, by performing the output lowering operation, it is possible to prevent excessive output of heat with respect to the time-series heat load, and thus it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the excessive heat state.

From the above, according to the sixteenth characteristic configuration, since it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surplus heat state, it is possible to avoid as much as possible that the heat stored in the hot water storage tank is merely dissipated. As a result, it has become possible to provide a cogeneration system that can realize further energy saving.
In addition, the operation control means outputs in the earliest output decrease target time zone such as the earliest set time zone when the heat shortage state is not predicted before the set time zone where the excess heat state is predicted by performing step output operation. It is possible to specify whether or not a heat shortage state is predicted within the set cycle in a state where the descent operation is assumed.
And, if the output lowering operation is performed to suppress the excess heat state, a heat shortage state may occur in other set time zones, and hot water is heated when hot water is not stored in the hot water storage tank. If the auxiliary heating means is used, there is a risk that energy saving will be hindered.
Therefore, the operation control means, as described above, performs the output decrease operation in the output decrease target time period even when the heat shortage state is not predicted before the set time period in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing the step output operation. When a heat shortage state is predicted by performing the step, the output lowering operation is prohibited and the step output operation is performed in the output lowering target time zone.
Therefore, the operation control means can avoid the heat shortage due to the output lowering operation for suppressing the excessive heat while suppressing the generation of the excessive heat.

In addition to the sixteenth feature, the seventeenth feature of the cogeneration system according to the present invention sets the time-series power load and the time-series heat load within a set cycle. It is configured so as to be managed for each time zone, and is configured such that a set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing the step output operation is set as the output decrease target time zone. .

  That is, since the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period, it is assumed that the step output operation is performed, It is possible to specify a set time zone in which a surplus heat state is predicted within the set period.

  Then, the operation control means uses the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing step output operation as the output decline target time zone, and the output decline operation is performed regardless of the current power load in the output decline target time zone. To lower the output of the combined heat and power device.

  Therefore, the operation control means can prevent the output of excessive heat with respect to the time-series heat load by performing the output lowering operation during the set time period in which the excess heat state is predicted. The occurrence of a surplus state can be suppressed.

According to an eighteenth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system of the present invention, in addition to the sixteenth characteristic configuration, the operation control means sets a time-series power load and a time-series heat load within a set cycle. It is configured to manage for each time zone, and is configured to set a set time zone before the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing the step output operation as the output decrease target time zone. There is in point.

  That is, since the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period, it is assumed that the step output operation is performed, It is possible to specify a set time zone in which a surplus heat state is predicted within the set period.

  Then, the operation control means performs the output decreasing operation in the set time zone before the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing the step output operation, and outputs the output of the cogeneration device regardless of the current power load. Will be lowered.

  Therefore, the operation control means performs the output lowering operation in the set time zone before the set time zone in which the heat surplus state is predicted by performing the step output operation, before the set time zone in which the heat surplus state is predicted. The amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank can be reduced, and the occurrence of excess heat can be suppressed accurately.

According to a nineteenth feature configuration of the cogeneration system of the present invention, in addition to the eighteenth feature configuration, the operation control means may perform the step output operation before a set time period in which the excess heat state is predicted. When the heat shortage state in which heat is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load is not predicted, the earliest set time zone is set as the output decrease target time zone.

  That is, since the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period, it is assumed that the step output operation is performed, It is possible to specify a set time zone in which a heat surplus state is predicted within a set cycle, and to specify whether a heat shortage state is predicted before the set time zone in which the heat surplus state is predicted. .

  Then, if the heat shortage state is not predicted before the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing the step output operation, the operation control means decreases the output in the earliest set time zone, that is, the next set time zone. In the output time reduction target time zone, regardless of the current power load, the output reduction operation is performed to lower the output of the cogeneration device.

  Therefore, the operation control means performs the output decreasing operation in the earliest set time zone when the heat shortage state is not predicted before the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing the step output operation. The amount of heat stored in the tank can be reduced with a margin, and the occurrence of excess heat can be accurately suppressed.

According to a twentieth feature of the cogeneration system of the present invention, in addition to any of the sixteenth to nineteenth features described above, the operation control means is configured to output each of a plurality of step setting outputs in the output decrease target time zone. When the current power load is smaller than the output lowering reference value set for, the output lowering operation is performed in the output lowering target time zone.

  That is, the operation control means outputs the output of the cogeneration device to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load when the current power load is larger than the reference value for output decrease in the output decrease target time zone. If the current power load is smaller than the output lowering reference value, the output lowering operation such as adjusting the output of the combined heat and power unit to the step setting output that is one step smaller than the current power load should be performed. become.

When the current power load is larger than the output lowering reference value, if the output of the combined heat and power unit is lowered to a step setting output or the like that is one step smaller than the current power load, the combined heat and power unit with respect to the current power load Therefore, the power output from the heat and power supply device cannot be covered by the power output from the combined heat and power supply device, which may hinder energy saving.
However, since the operation control means adjusts the output of the cogeneration device to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load when the current power load is larger than the output lowering reference value, It will be possible to cover the load and energy saving will be realized.
Moreover, when the current power load is smaller than the reference value for lowering the output, the operation control means lowers the output of the combined heat and power supply device, and therefore outputs as little heat as possible to suppress the occurrence of the excess heat state. Will be able to.
Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surplus heat state while covering the current power load as much as possible.

The twenty-first characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is, in addition to any of the sixteenth to twentieth characteristic configurations described above, wherein the operation control means sets the output of the cogeneration device as a minimum step as the output lowering operation. It is configured to adjust to the output.

  That is, since the operation control means adjusts the output of the combined heat and power supply apparatus to the minimum step setting output as the output lowering operation, it is possible to output as little heat as possible and suppress the occurrence of the excess heat state.

  For example, the operation control means sets the output of the combined heat and power unit to the minimum step in the earliest set time zone when the heat shortage state is not predicted before the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing step output operation. By adjusting to the output, it is possible to minimize the heat output from the combined heat and power device prior to the set time period in which the excess heat state is predicted, and more accurately suppress the occurrence of the excess heat state. Will be able to.

According to the twenty-second feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to the feature configuration of any one of the sixteenth to twentieth features, the operation control means is configured to output from the plurality of step setting outputs to the maximum side as the output lowering operation. Is selected so as to prohibit one or a plurality of step setting outputs set in accordance with the amount of heat remaining with respect to the time-series heat load in the form of priority as the step setting output for adjustment. In the point.

  In other words, when the operation control means selects the step setting output to be prohibited in the output decrease target time zone as the output decreasing operation, the operation control means sets the current power load from the uninhibited step setting output on the smaller side. Assuming that the closest one is selected, the step setting output for adjustment in the form of giving priority to the maximum side from the multiple step setting outputs so as to reduce the excess heat with respect to the time series heat load Set the step setting output that cannot be selected.

For example, if the amount of heat remaining with respect to the time-series heat load is small, it is prohibited to select only the maximum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output.
If only the maximum step setting output is prohibited and excess heat cannot be reduced with respect to the time-series heat load, the maximum step setting output and the next largest step setting output are the adjustment step setting outputs. It is prohibited to be selected as.

  Therefore, it is prohibited to select a part of the step setting output on the larger side such as the maximum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output, and the step setting output smaller than the step setting output for which the selection is prohibited is selected. By adjusting the output, it is possible to output a small amount of heat and suppress the occurrence of the excess heat state.

  Then, the operation control means, according to the current power load, if the step setting output selected according to the current power load is not prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output in the output decrease target time zone. If the output of the cogeneration device is adjusted to the selected step setting output, and the step setting output selected according to the current power load is prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output, the current power load is Since the output of the combined heat and power supply apparatus is adjusted to a step setting output smaller than the step setting output selected in this manner, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surplus heat state while accommodating the current power load.

The twenty- third characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is set from a plurality of step setting outputs as the output lowering operation in addition to any of the sixteenth to twentieth characteristic configurations described above. It is the point which is comprised so that the output of the said combined heat and power supply apparatus may be adjusted to one step setting output for descent | fall.

That is, since the operation control means adjusts the output of the combined heat and power unit to one step setting output for lowering set from a plurality of step setting outputs in the output lowering target time zone as the output lowering operation, the output lowering target time In the belt, regardless of the current power load, the heat output from the combined heat and power supply device becomes the step setting output for descending.
Further, for example, the step setting output for descent is set to a smaller step setting output as the remaining heat amount with respect to the time-series heat load is larger, and according to the remaining heat amount with respect to the time-series heat load. It can be set.

  Therefore, with an easy control configuration that adjusts the output of the combined heat and power unit to the step setting output for descending, heat is generated by the step setting output for descending that is set according to the remaining heat with respect to the time series heat load. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the excess heat state while simplifying the configuration.

The twenty-fourth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is that, in addition to any of the sixteenth to twentieth characteristic configurations, the operation control means is configured to output a maximum step from a plurality of step setting outputs as the output lowering operation. One or a plurality of prohibition step setting outputs set according to the amount of heat remaining with respect to the time-series heat load in a form giving priority to the step setting output between the setting output and the minimum step setting output for the adjustment The point is that the selection as the step setting output is prohibited.

  That is, in selecting the step setting output to be prohibited in the output lowering operation, it is assumed that the closest one to the current power load is selected from the uninhibited step setting output on the smaller side, Step setting for adjustment in the form of giving priority to the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output from the multiple step setting outputs so as to reduce excess heat for time series heat load Set the step setting output that cannot be selected as output.

For example, if the amount of heat remaining for a time-series heat load is small, it is prohibited to select only one step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output. Is done.
If it is not possible to reduce the excess heat with respect to the time-series thermal load by prohibiting only one step setting output, multiple step setting outputs can be set between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output. If the output is set, it is prohibited to select two step setting outputs between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output, and the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output. If only one step setting output is set between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output, the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output may be selected as the adjustment step setting output. Will be banned.

If the maximum step setting output cannot be selected as the adjustment step setting output, even if the current power load is large, the output of the combined heat and power unit will be adjusted to a step setting output smaller than the maximum step setting output. The power output from the combined heat and power supply device is less than the load, and the power output from the combined heat and power supply device cannot cover the current power load, which may hinder energy saving.
However, since the step setting output that cannot be selected as the step setting output for adjustment is set in a form that gives priority to the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output, the maximum step setting output is set as much as possible. As a result, the small step setting output can be selected as the adjustment step setting output, and the current power load can be covered.

  From the above, the operation control means selects the small step setting output as the adjustment step setting output while preventing the maximum step setting output from being selected as the adjustment step setting output. Since the output of the combined heat and power device is adjusted to the output, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surplus heat state while covering the current power load as much as possible.

The twenty-fifth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is, in addition to any one of the sixteenth to twentieth characteristic configurations, the operation control means, as the output lowering operation, one step smaller than the current power load. The output of the cogeneration apparatus is adjusted to the step set output.

That is, the operation control means adjusts the output of the cogeneration device to the step setting output that is one step smaller than the current power load in the output decrease target time zone. Generation | occurrence | production can be suppressed.
Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surplus heat state while covering the current power load as much as possible.

In a twenty-sixth feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to the sixteenth feature configuration, the operation control unit sets a time-series power load and a time-series heat load within a set cycle. It is configured to be managed for each time zone, and as the output lowering operation, the operation of the combined heat and power device is stopped in a set time zone in which the time-series power load is smaller than the set value for stoppage. It is in the point.

That is, since the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period, the time-series power load is within the set period. A set time period smaller than the set value for stop can be specified.
Then, the operation control means stops the operation of the combined heat and power unit in the set time zone in which the time-series power load is smaller than the set value for stopping as the output decreasing operation. In a set time period smaller than the set value, neither power nor heat is output.

  Therefore, for example, when there is a set time zone in which the time-series power load is smaller than the set value for stoppage due to the user's sleeping, the cogeneration device is not operated in the set time zone, It is possible to accurately suppress the occurrence of the excess heat state and to suppress the generation of surplus power.

According to a twenty-seventh feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to the sixteenth feature configuration, the operation control unit sets a time-series power load and a time-series heat load within a set cycle. It is configured to be managed for each time zone, and as the output lowering operation, it is configured to stop the operation of the combined heat and power supply device in all set time zones within a set cycle.

That is, since the operation control means stops the operation of the combined heat and power unit in all the set time periods within the set cycle as the output decreasing operation, both power and heat are output in all the set time zones within the set period. There is nothing to do.
Therefore, for example, when the heat load becomes extremely small, such as in summer, the combined heat and power supply device is not operated in all the set time periods within the set cycle, and the occurrence of the excess heat state is accurately suppressed. Will be able to.

According to a twenty-eighth feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention, in addition to any one of the sixteenth to twenty-seventh feature configurations, the operation control means includes a past time series power load and a past time series. It is in the point comprised so that the said heat surplus state may be estimated from a typical heat load.

  That is, it is assumed that the actual power load and heat load are predicted from the past time-series power load and heat load, and stepped output operation is performed so as to cover the predicted power load. On the other hand, it can be predicted whether or not there is a surplus of heat output from the combined heat and power supply apparatus.

According to the twenty- ninth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system of the present invention, in addition to the twenty-eight characteristic configuration, the operation control means sets a deviation between an actual integrated value of an actual heat load and a past integrated value of a past heat load. When the actual integrated value is out of the range and the actual integrated value is larger than the past integrated value by an allowable value or more, the output decreasing target time zone is extended.

  That is, when the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value of the heat load is outside the set range and the actual integrated value is greater than the allowable value by the actual integrated value, the operation control unit Assuming that there is a thermal load ahead of the time zone in which the state is predicted, the output lowering target time zone in which the output lowering operation is performed can be extended, and the occurrence of the excess heat state can be accurately suppressed.

The thirtieth characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is that, in addition to the twenty-eighth or the twenty- ninth characteristic configuration, the operation control means includes an actual integrated value of the actual heat load and a past integrated value of the past heat load. When the deviation is outside the set range and the past integrated value is larger than the actual integrated value by an allowable value or more, the output decreasing target time zone is configured to be delayed by a predetermined time.

  That is, if the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value of the heat load is outside the set range and the past integrated value is greater than the allowable value by the operation control unit, Assuming that there is a thermal load later than the predicted time period, delay the output increase target time period for performing the output decrease operation by a predetermined time, and perform the output decrease operation immediately before the time period when the heat is in excess. It is possible to accurately suppress the occurrence of the excess heat state.

The thirty-first feature configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention includes a radiator that radiates excess heat in addition to the sixteenth feature configuration,
The operation control means is configured to predict the heat surplus state from the operating state of the radiator as the time-series heat load.

  That is, the operation control unit can predict a surplus heat state from the operating state of the radiator.For example, when the integrated value of the heat dissipation amount when the radiator is operated becomes equal to or more than a set value, the operation of decreasing the output is performed. It can be carried out.

The thirty-second characteristic configuration of the cogeneration system according to the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to any one of the first to thirty- first characteristic configurations, the operation control means includes a time-series power load and a time-series heat load. Is configured to be managed for each set time period within the set cycle, and the set cycle is set to one day.

  In other words, the operation control means manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period in one day which is the set cycle. For example, the set cycle is set to one week. However, since the amount of information to be managed can be reduced, the memory capacity can be reduced, and since one unit of the user's life pattern is often a day, the situation corresponds to the user's life pattern. Thus, it is possible to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load.

Further, for example, due to the cooperative action with the twenty-sixth feature configuration, the operation control means operates the cogeneration device in a set time period in which the time-series power load is smaller than the set value for stop in one day. The set value for stopping is set so that the number of times the operation of the combined heat and power unit is stopped once (for example, late at night) within one day, and the combined operation of the combined heat and power unit is performed. The number of times of stopping can be reduced as much as possible.
Further, due to the cooperative action with the twenty-seventh feature configuration, the operation control means stops the operation of the combined heat and power supply device throughout the day.

  Therefore, the number of times of stopping the operation of the combined heat and power device can be reduced as much as possible in one day, so that frequent stoppage of the combined operation of the combined heat and power device is avoided and the reduction in the efficiency of the system is suppressed. Will be able to.

A cogeneration system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[ First Basic Embodiment ]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this cogeneration system recovers heat output from the fuel cell 1 as a combined heat and power device and the fuel cell 1 with cooling water, and uses the cooling water. The hot water storage unit 4 is configured to store hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 and supply the heat medium to the heat consuming terminal 3, and the operation control unit 5 as operation control means for controlling the operation of the fuel cell 1 and the hot water storage unit 4. ing.

The fuel cell 1 is configured to be able to output electric power and heat and adjust its output. On the output side of the fuel cell 1, an inverter 6 for system linkage is provided. The inverter 6 is a fuel cell. 1 output power is configured to have the same voltage and the same frequency as the power supplied from the commercial system 7.
The commercial system 7 is, for example, a single-phase three-wire system 100/200 V, and is electrically connected to a power load 9 such as a television, a refrigerator, or a washing machine via a commercial power supply line 8.
The inverter 6 is electrically connected to the commercial power supply line 8 via the cogeneration supply line 10, and the generated power from the fuel cell 1 is supplied to the power load 9 via the inverter 6 and the cogeneration supply line 10. It is configured to supply.

The commercial power supply line 8 is provided with a power load measuring means 11 for measuring the load power of the power load 9, and this power load measuring means 11 generates a reverse power flow in the current flowing through the commercial power supply line 8. Whether or not to do so is also detected.
Then, the electric power supplied from the fuel cell 1 to the commercial power supply line 8 is controlled by the inverter 6 so that a reverse power flow does not occur, and the surplus power of the generated power is obtained by replacing the surplus power with heat. It is configured to be supplied to the heater 12.

The electric heater 12 is composed of a plurality of electric heaters and is provided so as to heat the cooling water of the fuel cell 1 flowing through the cooling water circulation path 13 by the operation of the cooling water circulation pump 15, and is connected to the output side of the inverter 6. ON / OFF is switched by the actuated switch 14.
The operation switch 14 is configured to adjust the power consumption of the electric heater 12 according to the amount of surplus power so that the power consumption of the electric heater 12 increases as the amount of surplus power increases. Yes.

  The hot water storage unit 4 is configured to store hot water in a state where temperature stratification is formed, a hot water circulation pump 17 that circulates hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 through the hot water circulation path 16, and hot water for heat source through the heat source circulation path 20. A heat source circulation pump 21 to be circulated, a heat medium circulation pump 23 to circulate and supply the heat medium to the heat consuming terminal 3 through the heat medium circulation path 22, a hot water storage heat exchanger 24 to heat the hot water flowing through the hot water circulation path 16, The heat source heat exchanger 25 for heating the hot water for heat source flowing through the heat source circulation path 20, the heat exchanger for heat medium heating 26 for heating the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circulation path 22, and the fan 27 are operated. In this state, an auxiliary heating heat exchanger 29 for heating the hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 2 by the combustion of the burner 28 and the heat source hot water flowing through the heat source circulation path 20 is provided. .

The hot water circulation path 16 is branched and connected so that a part thereof is in parallel, a three-way valve 18 is provided at the connection location, and a radiator 19 is provided in the branched flow path. Yes.
Then, by switching the three-way valve 18, the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 is circulated so as to pass through the radiator 19, and the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 is circulated so as to bypass the radiator 19. It is comprised so that it may switch to the state to be made to.

The hot water storage heat exchanger 24 is configured to heat the hot water flowing through the hot water circulation path 16 by flowing the cooling water of the cooling water circulation path 15 that has recovered the heat output from the fuel cell 1. Has been.
In the heat source heat exchanger 25, the heat source hot water flowing through the heat source circulation path 20 is heated by flowing the cooling water in the cooling water circulation path 15 that collects the heat output from the fuel cell 1. It is configured to let you.
The auxiliary heating means M includes a fan 27, a burner 28, and an auxiliary heating heat exchanger 29.
Further, the heat source circulation path 20 is provided with a heat source intermittent valve 40 for intermittently flowing the heat source hot water.

The cooling water circulation path 15 is branched into a hot water storage heat exchanger 24 side and a heat source heat exchanger 25 side, and the flow rate of cooling water to be passed to the hot water storage heat exchanger 24 side and heat source A diversion valve 30 is provided that adjusts the ratio of the flow rate of the cooling water that flows to the heat exchanger 25 side.
The diversion valve 30 allows the entire amount of cooling water in the cooling water circulation path 15 to flow to the hot water storage heat exchanger 24 side, or allows the entire amount of cooling water in the cooling water circulation path 15 to flow to the heat source heat exchanger 25 side. It is comprised so that it can also be made.

In the heat exchanger for heat medium heating 26, the hot water for the heat source heated by the heat exchanger for heat source 25 and the heat exchanger for auxiliary heating 29 is allowed to flow, thereby flowing through the heat medium circulation path 22. The heating medium is configured to be heated.
The said heat consumption terminal 3 is comprised by heating terminals, such as a floor heating apparatus and a bathroom heating apparatus.

  Further, a hot water supply load measuring means 31 for measuring a hot water supply thermal load when hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank 2 is supplied, and a terminal thermal load measuring means 32 for measuring the terminal heat load at the heat consuming terminal 3 are also provided. ing.

  The operation control unit 5 controls the operation of the fuel cell 1 and the operation state of the cooling water circulation pump 15 while operating the cooling water circulation pump 15 during the operation of the fuel cell 1, as well as the hot water circulation pump 17 and the heat source. By controlling the operating state of the circulation pump 21 and the heat medium circulation pump 23, a hot water storage operation for storing hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 and a heat medium supply operation for supplying the heat medium to the heat consuming terminal 3 are performed. Has been.

Incidentally, when hot water is supplied, the hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 2 is supplied with the heat source intermittent valve 40 closed, and the hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 2 is heated by the auxiliary heating means M, Water is mixed with hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 2 to supply hot water at a hot water supply set temperature set by a remote controller (not shown).
Therefore, in the hot water storage tank 2, hot water is stored within the capacity of the hot water storage tank 2 by subtracting the hot water extracted for hot water supply from the hot water added according to the output of the fuel cell 1. become.

First, the control of the operation of the fuel cell 1 by the operation control unit 5 will be described.
The operation control unit 5 selects one adjustment step setting output according to the currently requested current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs set stepwise in advance, and the adjustment step setting A step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the output is performed.

If a description is added, four steps of 100% output, 75% output, 50% output, and 25% output are preset as a plurality of step setting outputs, for example.
And the operation control part 5 calculates | requires the present electric power load based on the measured value of the electric power load measurement means 11, and the output value of the inverter 6, and one step nearest to the present electric power load from several step setting output. The setting output is selected as the adjustment step setting output, and the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the adjustment step setting output.

  To explain the selection of the adjustment step setting output, for example, a step reference value S is defined as the middle value of the two step outputs between the two step setting outputs. When the current power load exceeds the step reference value S, the step setting output that is one step larger than that is selected as the adjustment step setting output, and when the current power load falls below the step reference value S, Also, the step setting output on the smaller side is selected as the adjustment step setting output.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the current power load changes with time, when the current power load exceeds the step reference value S, the output of the fuel cell 1 is output to the step setting output on the larger stage. When the current power load falls below the step reference value S, the output of the fuel cell 1 is changed to a step setting output that is one step smaller, and the fuel cell 1 The output is adjusted.
Incidentally, the operation control unit 5 is configured to change the output of the fuel cell 1 based on an average value of a set time zone (for example, 5 minutes) of the current power load.

The operation control unit 5 is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load, and performs time output by performing step output operation on the time-series power load. When a heat shortage state in which heat is short with respect to the sequential heat load is predicted, an output for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to an output side larger than the current power load in a predetermined output increase target time zone It is configured to perform ascending operation.
In addition, the operation control unit 5 performs a step output operation on a time-series power load, and when a heat surplus state in which heat remains with respect to the time-series heat load is predicted, a predetermined output In the descending target time zone, the output descending operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the output side smaller than the current power load is performed.

Incidentally, the heat shortage state means that, for example, hot water is not stored in the hot water storage tank 2 and the auxiliary heating means M is operated, or only the heat output from the fuel cell 1 during the heating medium supply operation is heat. This is a state in which the terminal thermal load requested by the consuming terminal 3 cannot be covered.
Further, the excess heat state means, for example, that hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 2 is full and the radiator 19 is operated, or the heat output from the fuel cell 1 during the heat medium supply operation is consumed by heat. The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 2 is larger than the terminal heat load required at the terminal 3 and the radiator 19 is activated.

First, a configuration for managing a time-series power load and a time-series heat load will be described.
The operation control unit 5 has, for example, a setting cycle of 1 day, a setting time zone of 1 hour, a heat load as a hot water supply heat load and a terminal heat load, an actual power load per set time zone, an actual hot water supply heat load, And each of an actual terminal thermal load is measured in the output value of the electric power load measurement means 11 and the inverter 6, the hot water supply thermal load measurement means 31, and the terminal thermal load measurement means 32.
And the operation control part 5 memorize | stores the value measured in the output value of the electric power load measurement means 11 and the inverter 6, the hot water supply heat load measurement means 31, and the terminal thermal load measurement means 32, and is time-sequentially. Power load and time-series heat load are managed for each set time period within a set period.
In addition, when the operation control unit 5 updates the time-series power load and the time-series heat load according to the actual use situation, the output values of the power load measuring means 11 and the inverter 6, the hot water supply heat load, The value measured by the measuring means 31 and the terminal thermal load measuring means 32 and the value already stored are added together at a predetermined ratio, and the added value is stored.

Next, a description will be given of prediction of a heat shortage state and a heat surplus state.
The operation control unit 5 is configured to manage the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within a set period based on the time-series power load and the time-series heat load being managed. Is configured to predict.
For example, when the setting cycle is 1 day and the setting time zone is 1 hour, as an example, as shown in FIG. 4, how much power load and in what time zone of the day It predicts whether there is a heat load.
The operation control unit 5 assumes that the step output operation is performed so as to cover the predicted time-series power load, and the heat output from the fuel cell 1 predicts the time-series heat predicted. A set time zone in which heat is insufficient with respect to the load is identified as a set time zone in which a heat shortage state is predicted, and the heat output from the fuel cell 1 has a surplus heat with respect to the predicted time-series heat load. The set time zone is specified as the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted.

In the case shown in FIG. 4, from 0 o'clock to 6 o'clock, it is treated as a special time zone as a midnight time zone, and a set time zone or a heat surplus state where a heat shortage state is predicted from the set time zone excluding the midnight time zone It is designed to specify a set time zone in which is predicted.
In the example shown in FIG. 4, for example, the set time zone from 20:00 to 22:00 is identified as the set time zone T1 in which the heat shortage state is predicted, and the set time zone from 7 o'clock to 12 o'clock and 13 The set time zone from 18:00 to 18:00 specifies the set time zone T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted.

  By the way, for the set time period T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted, the midnight time period may be specified as the set time period T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted. It is also possible to specify the time zone in which the thermal load is not predicted as the set time zone T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted.

  When the output increasing operation is described, the operation control unit 5 sets the time when the heat shortage state is predicted so that the heat shortage with respect to the time-series heat load is accumulated in the hot water storage tank 2 in advance. One or more set time zones selected from those close to the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted before the zone is set as the output increase target time zone, and in the output increase target time zone, as the output increase operation The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the maximum step setting output.

In addition to calculating the amount of heat that is insufficient for the time series heat load that is predicted in the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted, and before the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted In addition, the output of the fuel cell 1 is set to the maximum step setting output (100% in the selected output increase target time zone in a state where the output increase target time zone is selected from those close to the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted. By adjusting the output, the amount of heat that can be stored in the hot water storage tank 2 in advance is obtained.
Then, until the amount of heat that can be accumulated in the hot water storage tank 2 reaches the amount of heat that is insufficient, the selection of the output increase target time zone is repeated, and the amount of heat that is insufficient for the time-series heat load is preceded. Thus, one or a plurality of set time zones are selected as the output increase target time zone so that the hot water storage tank 2 can be stored.

  In the case shown in FIG. 4, the heat that can be stored in the hot water storage tank 2 in advance by simply selecting the set time zone one time prior to the set time zone T1 in which the heat shortage state is predicted as the output increase target time zone. Since the amount of heat that is insufficient is not reached, by setting the set time zone one time before and the set time zone two times earlier than the set time zone T1 where a heat shortage state is predicted as the output increase target time zone, This shows the case where the amount of heat that can be stored in the hot water storage tank 2 in advance has reached a shortage of heat, and the two selected time zones from 18:00 to 20:00 are selected as the output increase target time zones The set time zone T3 is set.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the case where the current power load changes as time elapses will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 is in the current time zone other than the selected set time zone T3. A step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the power load is performed.
Further, the operation control unit 5 sets the selected set time zone T3 as the output increase target time zone, and outputs the output of the fuel cell 1 to the maximum step set output (100%) regardless of the current power load in the output increase target time zone. Output).

  Note that the output increase operation may be performed in an arbitrary set time zone before the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted, rather than from a time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted. For example, by setting a set time zone two or more times before the set time zone in which a heat shortage state is predicted as an output increase target time zone, and performing output increasing operation in the output increase target time zone, time series It is possible to store in the hot water storage tank 2 with a margin with respect to a set time zone in which the heat shortage is predicted, with respect to a heat component that is insufficient for a typical heat load.

  When the output lowering operation is described, the operation control unit 5 sets the set time zone T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted as the output lowering target time zone, and the fuel cell 1 as the output lowering operation in the output lowering target time zone. Is adjusted to the minimum step setting output (25% output).

For example, as illustrated in (b) of FIG. 5, the case where the current power load changes as time elapses will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time period T2 in which a surplus heat state is predicted. In other time zones, step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load is performed.
Then, the operation control unit 5 sets the set time zone T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted as the output fall target time zone, and minimizes the output of the fuel cell 1 in the output fall target time zone regardless of the current power load. It is configured to adjust to the step setting output (25% output).

  Note that the output lowering operation may be performed not in the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted, but in any set time zone before the set time zone in which the excess heat state is predicted. For example, by setting the set time zone before the set time zone where the excess heat state is predicted as the output fall target time zone and performing the output fall operation in the output fall target time zone, The amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 2 with a margin can be reduced with respect to the amount of heat remaining with respect to the heat load.

  Further, the operation control unit 5 determines whether or not to perform the output increase operation and the output decrease operation and the timing to perform the output increase operation and the output decrease operation based on the condition of the integrated value of the heat load with time. Therefore, the explanation will be added below.

The operation control unit 5 integrates the measured values by the hot water supply thermal load measuring unit 31 and the terminal thermal load measuring unit 32 with the passage of time from the past usage state, so that the integrated value of the thermal load can be determined at any point in time. The past integrated value of how much is stored, and the actual integrated value is obtained by integrating the measured values by the hot water supply thermal load measuring means 31 and the terminal thermal load measuring means 32 over time from the actual usage situation. Thus, the integrated value of the thermal load with the passage of time within the set period is managed.
Then, the operation control unit 5 is configured to determine whether or not to perform the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation by comparing the past integrated value and the actual integrated value.

In addition, when the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is within the setting range, the operation control unit 5 sets the selection setting time zone T3 as the output increase target time zone, and the output increase target time. The output increase operation is performed in the band, and the set time period T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted is set as the output decrease target time period, and the output decrease operation is performed in the output decrease target time period.
Further, the operation control unit 5 determines the predicted time zone when the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is out of the set range and the actual integrated value is greater than the past integrated value by an allowable value or more. Assuming that there was a thermal load ahead of time, it is prohibited to perform the output increase operation even in the selection setting time zone T3, and the output reduction target time zone such as the setting time zone T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted Is configured to extend it for a predetermined period.

  Further, when the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is out of the setting range and the past integrated value is greater than the actual integrated value by the allowable value or more, the operation control unit 5 Assuming that there is a thermal load later than that, a set time zone in which the selection setting time zone T3 is delayed based on the ratio of the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is set as an output increase target time zone, and the output increase target time zone The output decrease target time is set as the output decrease target time zone, which is set as the output decrease target time zone in which the output increase operation is performed and the set time zone T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted based on the ratio between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is delayed. It is comprised so that an output fall operation may be performed in a belt.

The operation of the fuel cell 1 by the operation control unit 5 will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
First, the set time in which the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is within the setting range and the selection setting time zone T3 is delayed based on the selection setting time zone T3 or the ratio between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value. In the output increase target time zone such as a belt, the output increase operation is performed assuming that the conditions for the output increase operation are satisfied (steps 1 and 2).
Further, the residual heat state is predicted based on the set time period T2 in which the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is within the set range and the residual heat state is predicted, or the ratio between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value. When the output fall target time zone such as the set time zone where the set time zone T2 is delayed is reached, the output fall operation is performed assuming that the conditions for the output fall operation are satisfied (steps 3 and 4).
If neither of the conditions for the output increasing operation and the conditions for the output decreasing operation is satisfied, the step output operation is performed (steps 1, 3, and 5).

The operation of the hot water storage operation and the heat medium supply operation by the operation control unit 5 will be described.
The hot water storage operation is performed by operating the cooling water circulation pump 15 during the operation of the fuel cell 1, and hot water flowing through the hot water circulation path 16 using the cooling water flowing through the cooling water circulation path 13 in the exhaust heat heat exchanger 24. Is carried out in a state where it can be heated.
And the hot water extracted from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 is switched to the state which circulates so that the radiator 19 may be bypassed, the hot water circulation pump 17 is operated, and hot water is supplied from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 to the hot water circuit. The hot water is taken out to 16 and heated by passing through the exhaust heat heat exchanger 24 and then returned to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 2 so that hot water having a set temperature for hot water storage is stored in the hot water storage tank 2.
Moreover, it is comprised so that the opening degree of the hot water storage valve 29 and the intermittent valve 30 may be adjusted so that the temperature of the hot water which passed the exhaust heat type heat exchanger 24 may become hot water storage preset temperature.

  By the way, in hot water storage operation, when the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 2 is full of hot water, the three-way valve is circulated so that the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 passes through the radiator 19. 18 is switched, the radiator 19 is operated, and the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 is radiated by the radiator 19 and then heated through the exhaust heat heat exchanger 24.

  In the heat medium supply operation, when the heat consuming terminal 3 instructs that heat is requested by a remote controller (not shown), the heat source circulation pump 21 and the heat medium are opened with the heat source intermittent valve 40 opened. The circulation pump 23 is operated to heat the heat source hot water in at least one of the heat source heat exchanger 25 and the auxiliary heating heat exchanger 29, and the heated heat source hot water is heated to heat medium heating. The heat medium is circulated while passing through the exchanger 26, and the heat medium heated by the heat source hot water in the heat medium heating heat exchanger 26 is circulated and supplied to the heat consuming terminal 3.

When heating the hot water for the heat source is added, when the fuel cell 1 is in operation, the cooling in a state in which the cooling water is adjusted by the diversion valve 30 so that the cooling water flows to the heat exchanger 25 side of the heat source. By operating the water circulation pump 15, the heat source heat exchanger 25 is configured to heat the hot water for the heat source.
In addition, when only the cooling water from the fuel cell 1 cannot cover the current thermal load required by the heat consuming terminal 3 or when the fuel cell 1 is not in operation, the auxiliary heating means M is heated. By operating the above, the auxiliary heating heat exchanger 29 is configured to heat the hot water for the heat source.

  Incidentally, when performing the hot water storage operation and the heating medium supply operation simultaneously during the operation of the fuel cell 1, the operation control unit 5 is based on the current terminal thermal load required by the heat consuming terminal 3. At 30, the ratio of the flow rate of the cooling water to be passed to the hot water storage heat exchanger 24 side and the flow rate of the cooling water to be passed to the heat source heat exchanger 25 side is adjusted.

[ Second Basic Embodiment ]
Since the second basic embodiment shows another embodiment of the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation in the first basic embodiment , description will be made focusing on that point.
Incidentally, since the other configurations are the same as those of the first basic embodiment , detailed description thereof is omitted.

  When the current power load is larger than the output increase reference value P set for each of the plurality of step setting outputs in the output increase target time zone, the operation control unit 5 performs the output increase operation from the current power load. If the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the step set output which is larger by one step and the current power load is smaller than the output increase reference value P, it is prohibited to perform the output increase operation in the output increase target time zone. Thus, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the step setting output closest to the current power load.

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 7A, the case where the current power load changes with time will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time period T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted. In other time zones, step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load is performed.
Then, the operation control unit 5 uses the set time zone T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted as the output increase target time zone, and the current increase load is larger than the output increase reference value P in the output increase target time zone. If the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output that is one step larger than the current power load as an output increasing operation, and the current power load is smaller than the output increasing reference value P, the current power load Is configured to adjust the output of the fuel cell 1 to the step setting output closest to.

  By the way, the output increase reference value P takes into account the efficiency of the system, such as the efficiency of the fuel cell 1 and the auxiliary heating means M, and by exceeding the value, the output of the fuel cell 1 is changed to a step setting output on the larger side. Even if it adjusts, it is set as a value which can realize energy saving, for example, 35% output, 60% output, and 85% output from the small side.

  Further, the operation control unit 5 determines the current power load as the output lowering operation when the current power load is smaller than the output lowering reference value Q set for each of the plurality of step setting outputs in the output lowering target time zone. If the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output that is one step smaller than the output value, and the current power load is larger than the output lowering reference value Q, the output lowering operation is performed in the output lowering target time zone. It is prohibited to adjust the output of the fuel cell 1 to the step setting output closest to the current power load.

For example, as shown in (b) of FIG. 7, the case where the current power load changes as time elapses will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time period T2 in which a surplus heat state is predicted. In other time zones, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load.
And the operation control part 5 makes the setting time slot | zone T2 in which a heat surplus state is estimated the output fall target time slot | zone, and the current electric power load is smaller than the output fall reference value Q in the output fall target time slot | zone. The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output that is one step smaller than the current power load, and when the current power load is larger than the output lowering reference value Q, the current power load is set as the output lowering operation. Is configured to adjust the output of the fuel cell 1 to the step setting output closest to.

  Incidentally, the reference value Q for lowering the output is set to a step which is one step smaller by reducing the output of the fuel cell 1 by lowering the value in view of the efficiency of the system such as the efficiency of the fuel cell 1 and the heat dissipation loss of the hot water storage tank 2. Even if it adjusts to the output, it is set as a value that can realize energy saving. For example, 40% output, 65% output, and 90% output are set from the smaller side.

In the second basic embodiment , the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is within the set range and the set time period T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted, or the past integrated value and the actual integrated value are It is said that the condition for the output increase operation is satisfied in the set time zone in which the set time zone T1 in which the heat shortage state is predicted based on the ratio to the value is delayed.

[ Third basic embodiment ]
Since the third basic embodiment shows another embodiment of the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation in the first basic embodiment , description will be made focusing on that point.
Incidentally, since other configurations are the same as those of the first basic embodiment , detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The operation control unit 5 is set in accordance with the heat quantity that is insufficient for the time-series heat load in the form of giving priority to the minimum side from the plurality of step setting outputs as the output increase operation in the output increase target time zone. It is configured to prohibit selecting one or a plurality of step setting outputs as adjustment step setting outputs.

In the following, a description is given of the output increase operation.
First, the step setting output that is prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output will be described. When the step setting output to be prohibited is selected, the step setting output on the larger side is selected from the uninhibited step setting output. Assuming that the one closest to the power load is selected, for adjustment in a form that gives priority to the minimum side from multiple step setting outputs so as to cover the shortage of heat for time series heat load A step setting output that cannot be selected as a step setting output is set.

For example, if the amount of heat that is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load is small, it is prohibited to select only the minimum step setting output (25% output) as the adjustment step setting output.
If only the minimum step setting output (25% output) is not allowed to cover a shortage of heat for a time-series thermal load, the minimum step setting output (25% output) and the next A step setting output (50% output) that is very small is prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output.

Then, the operation control unit 5 is not prohibited from selecting the step setting output selected according to the current power load as the adjustment step setting output in the set time period T1 where the heat shortage state is predicted. The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output selected according to the current power load.
In addition, if the operation control unit 5 is prohibited from selecting the step setting output selected according to the current power load as the adjustment step setting output in the set time zone T1 where the heat shortage state is predicted, As the output increase operation, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output larger than the step setting output selected according to the current power load.

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 8A, the case where the current power load changes with time will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time period T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted. In other time zones, the step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load is performed.
8 (a) shows an example in which it is prohibited to select the minimum step setting output (25% output) as the adjustment step setting output, the operation control unit 5 predicts that the heat shortage state is present. The set time zone T1 to be output is set as the output increase target time zone. In the output increase target time zone, as the output increase operation, the step set output closest to the current power load is the minimum step set output (25% output). For example, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output (50% output) that is one step larger than that.

  In addition, the operation control unit 5 is set according to the remaining heat amount with respect to the time-series heat load in the form of giving priority to the maximum side from the plurality of step setting outputs as the output decreasing operation in the output decreasing target time zone. It is configured to prohibit selecting one or a plurality of step setting outputs as adjustment step setting outputs.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of the output lowering operation.
First, the step setting output forbidden to be selected as the adjustment step setting output will be described. When the step setting output to be prohibited is selected, the current setting is selected from the uninhibited step setting output on the smaller side. Assuming that the one closest to the power load is selected, for the adjustment in the form of giving priority to the maximum side from multiple step setting outputs so as to reduce the excess heat with respect to the time series heat load A step setting output that cannot be selected as a step setting output is set.

For example, if the remaining heat is small with respect to the time-series heat load, it is prohibited to select only the maximum step setting output (100% output) as the adjustment step setting output.
Then, if only the maximum step setting output (100% output) is prohibited and the remaining heat cannot be reduced with respect to the time-series thermal load, the maximum step setting output (100% output) is the next largest. The step setting output (75% output) is prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output.

Then, the operation control unit 5 is not prohibited from selecting the step setting output selected according to the current power load as the adjustment step setting output in the set time period T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted. The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output selected according to the current power load.
In addition, if the operation control unit 5 is prohibited from selecting the step setting output selected according to the current power load as the adjustment step setting output in the set time period T2 in which the excess heat state is predicted, As the output increase / decrease operation, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output smaller than the step setting output selected according to the current power load.

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 8B, a case where the current power load changes with time will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time period T <b> 2 in which a surplus heat state is predicted. In other time zones, step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load is performed.
8B shows an example in which it is prohibited to select the maximum step setting output (100% output) as the adjustment step setting output. Therefore, the operation control unit 5 predicts that the heat surplus state is present. The set time zone T2 to be output is set as the output fall target time zone. In the output fall target time zone, as the output fall operation, the step set output closest to the current power load is the minimum step set output (100% output). For example, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output (75% output) smaller by one step.

In the third basic embodiment , the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is within the set range and the set time period T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted, or the past integrated value and the actual integrated value are It is said that the condition for the output increase operation is satisfied in the set time zone in which the set time zone T1 in which the heat shortage state is predicted based on the ratio to the value is delayed.

[ Fourth basic embodiment ]
Since the fourth basic embodiment shows another embodiment of the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation in the first basic embodiment , description will be made focusing on that point.
Incidentally, since other configurations are the same as those of the first basic embodiment , detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The operation control unit 5 is configured to adjust the output of the fuel cell 1 to one step setting output for increasing set from a plurality of step setting outputs as output increasing operation in the output increase target time zone. .
By the way, the rising step setting output, for example, is set to a larger output as the heat quantity that is insufficient with respect to the time series heat load is larger, and according to the heat quantity that is insufficient with respect to the time series heat load. I am trying to set it.

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 9A, the case where the current power load changes as time elapses will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time period T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted. In other time zones, the step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load is performed.
And since (b) of Drawing 9 shows the example which set up the step setting output for a rise as the maximum step setting output (100% output), operation control part 5 has set time when a heat shortage state is predicted. The band T11 is set as an output increase target time zone, and in the output increase target time zone, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the maximum step setting output (100% output) as the output increase operation regardless of the current power load. It is configured as follows.

Further, the operation control unit 5 is configured to adjust the output of the fuel cell 1 to one step setting output for lowering set from a plurality of step setting outputs as output lowering operation in the output lowering target time zone. Yes.
Incidentally, for example, the descending step setting output is set to a smaller output as the remaining heat amount is larger with respect to the time-series heat load, and is set according to the remaining heat amount with respect to the time-series heat load. Like that.

For example, as illustrated in (b) of FIG. 9, the case where the current power load changes as time elapses will be described as an example. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time period T2 in which a surplus heat state is predicted. In other time zones, step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load is performed.
9 (b) shows an example in which the descent step setting output is set to the minimum step setting output (25% output), the operation control unit 5 sets the time for which the heat surplus state is predicted. The band T2 is set as an output decrease target time zone, and in the output decrease target time zone, the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the minimum step setting output (25% output) as the output decrease operation regardless of the current power load. It is configured.

In the fourth basic embodiment , the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is within the set range and the set time period T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted, or the past integrated value and the actual integrated value are calculated. It is said that the condition for the output increase operation is satisfied in the set time zone in which the set time zone T1 in which the heat shortage state is predicted based on the ratio to the value is delayed.

[ Fifth Basic Embodiment ]
Since the fifth basic embodiment shows another embodiment of the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation in the first basic embodiment , a description will be added focusing on this point.
Incidentally, since other configurations are the same as those of the first basic embodiment , detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  The operation control unit 5 is time-sequentially configured to give priority to a step setting output between a maximum step setting output and a minimum step setting output from a plurality of step setting outputs in an output increase target time zone as an output increasing operation. It is prohibited to select one or a plurality of step setting outputs set in accordance with a heat quantity that is insufficient with respect to a heat load as adjustment step setting outputs.

In the following, a description is given of the output increase operation.
First, the step setting output that is prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output will be described. When the step setting output to be prohibited is selected, the step setting output on the larger side is selected from the uninhibited step setting output. Assuming that the one closest to the electric power load is selected, the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are selected from multiple step setting outputs to cover the shortage of heat for time series heat loads. The step setting output that cannot be selected as the adjustment step setting output is set in a form that gives priority to the step setting output.

For example, if the amount of heat that is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load is small, only one step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output may be selected as the adjustment step setting output. It is forbidden.
If only one step setting output is prohibited and the heat quantity that is insufficient for the time-series heat load cannot be covered, a plurality of steps between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output If the step setting output is set, two step setting outputs between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output, and the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are prohibited. If only one step setting output is set between the setting output, the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are selected as the adjustment step setting outputs. It will be prohibited.

If the step setting output selected according to the current power load is not prohibited from being selected as the step setting output for adjustment, the operation control unit 5 converts the step setting output selected according to the current power load into the step setting output selected. The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted.
In addition, if the step setting output selected according to the current power load is prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output, the operation control unit 5 uses the step setting output selected according to the current power load. The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output that is not prohibited from being selected on the larger side.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10A, when the explanation is given by taking as an example the case where the current power load has changed over time, the operation control unit 5 sets the set time for which a heat shortage state is predicted. In a time zone other than the band T1, step output operation is performed to adjust the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load.
10A shows an example in which it is prohibited to select a step setting output (50% output) between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time zone T2 in which a heat shortage state is predicted as the output increase target time zone, and in the output increase target time zone, the step setting output closest to the current power load is the minimum step setting output. If it is (50% output), the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output (75% output) that is one step larger than that.

  In addition, the operation control unit 5 performs time-series in the form of giving priority to the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output from the plurality of step setting outputs in the output decrease target time zone as the output decreasing operation. It is configured to prohibit the selection of one or a plurality of prohibition step setting outputs set in accordance with the amount of heat remaining with respect to a typical heat load as the adjustment step setting output.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of the output lowering operation.
When the step setting output forbidden to be selected as the step setting output for adjustment is described, when selecting the step setting output to be prohibited, the current power load from the uninhibited step setting output on the smaller side is selected. Assuming that the closest one is selected, the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output are reduced from multiple step setting outputs so as to reduce the excess heat for the time series heat load. A step setting output that cannot be selected as an adjustment step setting output is set in a form that prioritizes the step setting output.

For example, if the amount of heat remaining for a time-series heat load is small, it is prohibited to select only one step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output. Is done.
If it is not possible to reduce the excess heat with respect to the time-series thermal load by prohibiting only one step setting output, multiple step setting outputs can be set between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output. If the output is set, it is prohibited to select two step setting outputs between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output, and the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output. If only one step setting output is set between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output, the step setting output between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output may be selected as the adjustment step setting output. Will be banned.

If the step setting output selected according to the current power load is not prohibited from being selected as the step setting output for adjustment, the operation control unit 5 converts the step setting output selected according to the current power load into the step setting output selected. The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted.
In addition, if the step setting output selected according to the current power load is prohibited from being selected as the adjustment step setting output, the operation control unit 5 uses the step setting output selected according to the current power load. The output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output that is not prohibited from being selected on the smaller side.

For example, as shown in (b) of FIG. 10, when a description is given by taking as an example a case where the current power load changes with the passage of time, the operation control unit 5 sets the set time for which the excess heat state is predicted. In a time zone other than the zone T2, a step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 to the adjustment step setting output selected according to the current power load is performed.
10B shows an example in which it is prohibited to select the step setting output (75% output) between the maximum step setting output and the minimum step setting output as the adjustment step setting output. The operation control unit 5 sets the set time zone T2 in which a heat shortage state is predicted as the output fall target time zone, and the step setup output closest to the current power load is the minimum step set output in the output fall target time zone. If it is (75% output), the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a step setting output (50% output) smaller by one step.

In the fifth basic embodiment , the deviation between the past integrated value and the actual integrated value is within the set range and the set time period T1 in which a heat shortage state is predicted, or the past integrated value and the actual integrated value are set. It is said that the condition for the output increase operation is satisfied in the set time zone in which the set time zone T1 in which the heat shortage state is predicted based on the ratio to the value is delayed.

[ Sixth basic embodiment ]
Since the sixth basic embodiment shows another embodiment of the output lowering operation in the first basic embodiment , a description will be added focusing on that point.
Incidentally, since other configurations are the same as those of the first basic embodiment , detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The operation control unit 5 is configured to stop the operation of the fuel cell 1 in the set time zone in which the time-series power load is smaller than the set value for stopping as the output decreasing operation.
That is, when there is a set time period in which the time-series power load is smaller than the set value for stopping in one day which is the set cycle due to the user's sleep or the like, the operation control unit 5 In the set time zone, the fuel cell 1 is not operated, and in other time zones, the step output operation for adjusting the output of the fuel cell 1 is performed so that the current power load can be covered. .

[Seventh basic embodiment]
Since the seventh basic embodiment shows another embodiment of the output lowering operation in the first basic embodiment , a description will be added focusing on that point.
Incidentally, since other configurations are the same as those of the first basic embodiment , detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The operation control unit 5 is configured to stop the operation of the fuel cell 1 in all the set time zones within the set cycle as the output lowering operation.
For example, when the heat load becomes extremely small, for example, in summer, the operation control unit 5 does not operate the fuel cell 1 during the set day, and generates an excess heat state. It is configured to accurately suppress and suppress the generation of surplus power.

Embodiment of the present invention
In this embodiment , in the first basic embodiment , the setting time zone in which the heat shortage state or the excess heat state is predicted, the timing for performing the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation, and whether or not to perform it are determined. Since another embodiment of the determination is shown, a description will be added focusing on that point.
Incidentally, since other configurations are the same as those of the first basic embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the operation control unit 5 sets the time-series power load and the time-series heat load within a set cycle (in this embodiment, one day), as in the embodiments described so far. In FIG. 4, the management is performed for each set time period (in this embodiment, 1 hour). And the operation control part 5 uses the electric power load and time-sequential thermal load for every setting time slot | zone (i) (i = 1-24) in said setting period, and the earliest setting time slot | zone (next setting). It is configured to determine whether or not to perform the output increase operation or the output decrease operation, with the time period (1) as the output increase target time period or the output decrease target time period.
Hereinafter, the detailed processing method is demonstrated based on FIGS.
11-13 is a figure which shows the processing flow of this embodiment, and in FIGS. 14-18, (a) is the amount of heat (the amount of heat which should be stored in the hot water storage tank 2 in each setting time slot | zone (i)). Hereinafter, a diagram showing the output F (i) of the fuel cell 1 in each set time period (i) as a calculation condition of “predicted heat storage amount”) and (b) are under the calculation conditions. It is a figure which shows the estimated heat storage amount T (i) in each setting time slot | zone (i) which is a calculation result. 14 to 18, the heat storage amount T (0) corresponding to the set time zone (i = 0) indicates the heat amount stored in the hot water storage tank 2 at the present time.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the operation control unit 5 sets the output F (i) of the fuel cell 1 in each set time zone (i) to the step set output f selected during the step output operation. A predicted heat storage amount T (i) in the band (i) is obtained (step 10).

Specifically, the operation control unit 5 first adds to the hot water storage tank 2 in each set time zone (i) from the electric power load and the heat load predicted in each set time zone (i) in step 10 above. The amount of heat (hereinafter referred to as “additional heat”) is determined. This additional heat amount is calculated from the sum of the heat amount output according to the output F (i) of the fuel cell 1 and the heat output from the electric heater 12 according to the surplus power within the set time period (i). When the additional heat quantity is positive, the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 2 increases, and when the additional heat quantity is negative, the heat amount stored in the hot water storage tank 2 decreases. Become.
Next, the operation control means 5 selects the earliest set time zone (i = 1) in order, and when the previous set time zone (i-1) has elapsed in each set time zone (i). The amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 2 (the amount of heat currently stored in the hot water storage tank 2 in the earliest set time zone (i = 1)) plus the amount of heat obtained as described above is used for the above prediction. The heat storage amount T (i) is obtained.

When the predicted heat storage amount T (i) exceeds the maximum heat storage amount tmax that can be stored in the hot water storage tank 2, that is, when the radiator 19 needs to be operated, the set time zone (i) is set. When the remaining heat state can be identified as a set time period (i = ful) where the predicted heat storage state is predicted and the predicted heat storage amount T (i) is less than the minimum heat storage amount tmin (for example, 0) to be stored in the hot water storage tank 2, that is, When it is necessary to operate the auxiliary heating means M, the set time zone (i) can be specified as a set time zone (i = emp) in which a heat shortage state is predicted.
Further, the amount of heat (hereinafter referred to as “effective amount of heat storage”) T ′ (i) that can be effectively stored in the hot water storage tank 2 in each set time zone (i) is the predicted amount of heat stored T (i ) Is within the range of the minimum heat storage amount tmin and the maximum heat storage amount tmax that can be stored in the hot water storage tank 2, the predicted heat storage amount T (i) is used. When the maximum heat storage amount tmax that can be stored in the tank 2 is exceeded, the maximum heat storage amount tmax is set. When the predicted heat storage amount is lower than the minimum heat storage amount tmin that should be stored in the hot water storage tank 2, the minimum heat storage amount tmin is set. .

  Next, the operation control unit 5 refers to the predicted heat storage amount T (i) in each set time period (i) obtained in step 10 as described above, and the set time period when the heat surplus state or the heat shortage state occurs. And whether or not the heat surplus state is reached first is determined, and further whether or not the heat shortage state is first determined (steps 11 and 12).

  And when it becomes a heat surplus state first, although mentioned later for details, the output fall operation determination process for determining whether output fall operation is performed in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) ( When step 100) is executed and the heat shortage state first occurs, the output for determining whether or not to perform the output increase operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) will be described in detail later. When the ascending operation determination process (step 200) is executed and the heat surplus state and the heat shortage state do not occur, it is determined to perform the step output operation in the earliest set time period (i = 1) (step 13).

Hereinafter, the case of determining to perform step output operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) will be described based on FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14 (a), each set time zone (i) under the condition that the output F (i) of the fuel cell 1 in each set time zone (i) is the step set output f selected during the step output operation. As a result of obtaining the predicted heat storage amount T (i) in FIG. 14 (b), the predicted heat storage amount T (i) is not less than the minimum heat storage amount tmin and the maximum heat storage amount in each set time period (i) as shown in FIG. When it falls within the range of tmax or less, that is, when the heat surplus state and the heat shortage state do not occur, the step output operation is determined to be performed in the earliest set time period (i = 1).

  In addition, referring to the predicted heat storage amount T (i) in each set time period (i) obtained in step 10 of FIG. 11 without performing the output increase operation determination process and the output decrease operation determination process, When the heat surplus state is reached, it is determined that the output lowering operation is performed in the earliest set time zone (i = 1), and when the heat shortage state occurs first, the earliest set time zone (i = You may comprise so that it may determine performing an output raise operation in 1).

Next, the output decreasing operation determination process will be described with reference to FIG.
In the output decrease operation determination process, the operation control unit 5 first sets the output F (1) of the fuel cell 1 in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) as the step set output fmin selected during the output decrease operation, Under the condition that the output F (i = 2 to 24) of the fuel cell 1 in the set time zone (i = 2 to 24) is the step set output f selected during the step output operation, A predicted heat storage amount T (i) is obtained (step 101).
Then, with reference to the predicted heat storage amount T (i) obtained in this way, it is determined whether or not a heat shortage state occurs when the output lowering operation is performed in the earliest set time zone (i = 1). (Step 102) If the heat shortage state does not occur, it is determined to perform the output lowering operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) (Step 103), while if the heat shortage state occurs, In the earliest set time zone (i = 1), it is determined to perform step output operation while prohibiting output decrease operation (step 104).

Hereinafter, in the output decreasing operation determination process, a case where it is determined to perform the step output operation while prohibiting the output decreasing operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) is based on FIGS. Add a description.
As shown in FIG. 15 (a), each set time zone (i) under the condition that the output F (i) of the fuel cell 1 in each set time zone (i) is the step set output f selected during the step output operation. As a result of obtaining the predicted heat storage amount T (i) in (), as shown in FIG. Output lowering operation determination processing is performed.
Then, in the output decreasing operation determination process, as shown in FIG. 16 (a), the step setting output selected during the output decreasing operation is the output F (i) of the fuel cell 1 in the earliest set time zone (i = 1). As a result of obtaining the predicted heat storage amount T (i) in each set time zone (i) under the condition of fmin, the heat storage amount T (19) in the set time zone (i = 19, 20) shown in FIG. , T (20), when the heat shortage state occurs, it is decided to perform the step output operation by prohibiting the output decreasing operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1). It is done.

  In step 102 of the output lowering operation determination process, the set time zone in which heat is insufficient when the output lowering operation is performed in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) is the step in each set time zone (i). Only when it is before the set time zone (i = ful) where the heat is surplus when the output operation is performed, prohibiting the output decreasing operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) You may comprise so that it may determine performing an output driving | operation.

Next, the output increase operation determination process will be described with reference to FIG.
In the output increase operation determination process, the operation control unit 5 performs the fuel cell from the earliest set time zone (i = 1) to the set time zone (i = emp) in which the heat output is insufficient when the step output operation is performed. The output F (1 to emp) of 1 is set as the step setting output fmax selected during the output increasing operation, and the output F (emp + 1 to 24) of the fuel cell 1 in the other setting time zone (i = emp + 1 to 24) is output as a step. A predicted heat storage amount T (i) in each set time zone (i) is obtained under the condition of the step set output f selected during operation (step 201).
Then, with reference to the predicted heat storage amount T (i) obtained in this way, the set time zone (i =) in which the heat is insufficient when the step output operation is performed from the earliest set time zone (i = 1). emp) when the output up / down operation is performed, the set time zone in which the heat is surplus is set in the set time zone where the heat is insufficient when the step output operation is performed in each set time zone (i) (i = emp) is determined (step 202).
And when the output time increase operation is performed in the set time zone (i = 1 to emp), the set time zone in which the heat is excessive is not before the set time zone (i = emp) in which the heat is insufficient. Determines that the output increase operation is performed in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) (step 203), while when the output increase operation is performed in the set time zone (i = 1 to emp) If the set time zone that becomes the state is before the set time zone (i = emp) in which the heat is insufficient, it is determined to perform the step output operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) ( Step 204).

Hereinafter, in the output increase operation determination process, the case where it is determined to perform the step output operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1) will be described based on FIGS. 17 and 18.
As shown in FIG. 17 (a), each set time zone (i) under the condition that the output F (i) of the fuel cell 1 in each set time zone (i) is the step set output f selected during the step output operation. As a result of obtaining the predicted heat storage amount T (i) in FIG. 17 (b), the heat storage amount T (19), T (20) in the set time period (i = 19, 20) shown in FIG. When the state becomes insufficiency, output increase operation determination processing is performed.
In the output increase operation determination process, as shown in FIG. 18 (a), when the step output operation is performed from the earliest set time zone (i = 1) to each set time zone (i), Each set time zone (i) under the condition that the outputs F (1) to F (19) of the fuel cell 1 until the set time zone (i = 19) become the step set output fmax selected during the output increasing operation. As a result of obtaining the predicted heat storage amount T (i) at the set time zone (i = 1 to 19), such as the heat storage amount T (5) in the set time zone (i = 5) shown in FIG. If the set time zone (i = 5) in which the heat surplus state occurs when the output increase operation is performed before the set time zone (i = 19) in which the heat is insufficient, the earliest set time zone In (i = 1), it is prohibited to perform output increase operation and perform step output operation. Than it is determined as.

  In step 202 of the output increase operation determination process, when the output increase operation is performed in the set time period (i = 1 to emp), it is determined whether or not the heat surplus state occurs, and the heat surplus state does not occur. Is determined to perform the output increase operation in the earliest set time zone (i = 1). On the other hand, when the heat surplus state occurs, the step output operation is performed in the earliest set time zone (i = 1). It may be configured to determine what to do.

In the present embodiment, the step setting output fmax selected during the output increasing operation can be the maximum step setting output of the fuel cell 1 as in the first basic embodiment . As in the basic embodiment, from one or more step setting outputs, one or more step setting outputs set in accordance with the heat quantity that is insufficient with respect to a time-series heat load in a form giving priority to the minimum side are adjusted. Step setting output selected in a state where selection as a step setting output is prohibited.
In the present embodiment, the step setting output fmin selected during the output decreasing operation can be the minimum step setting output of the fuel cell 1 as in the first basic embodiment . As in the basic embodiment , one or a plurality of step setting outputs set in accordance with the amount of heat remaining with respect to a time-series heat load in a form giving priority to the maximum side from a plurality of step setting outputs is an adjustment step. It can be a step setting output selected in a state where selection as a setting output is prohibited.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the first to seventh basic embodiments and the embodiment of the present invention , the operation control unit 5 performs the time-series power load and the time-series heat load for each set time period within the set period. The setting time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted and the setting time zone in which the heat surplus state is predicted are specified, but the configuration for specifying the heat shortage state and the heat surplus state is appropriately changed. Is possible.

For example, the operation control unit 5 integrates the hot water supply amount in a state where the auxiliary heating means M is operated within a set cycle (for example, one day), and the integrated value becomes equal to or greater than the set value, so that within the set cycle A heat shortage state can be predicted, and in this case, the output increase operation is performed during the set period.
Then, the operation control unit 5 integrates the heat dissipation amount in the radiator 19 within a set cycle (for example, one day), and predicts a heat surplus state within the set cycle by the integrated value being equal to or greater than the set value. In this case, the output lowering operation is performed during the set period.

In addition, the operation control unit 5 integrates the hot water supply amount and the heat dissipation amount in the radiator 19 in a state where the auxiliary heating means M is operated for each set time period within a set cycle (for example, one day). By becoming more than a preset value, a heat shortage state and a heat surplus state can be estimated.
In this case, for example, a fixed time such as 6 hours or 12 hours is set as a set time zone, a midnight time zone (0 to 6 o'clock), a morning time zone (6 o'clock to 11 o'clock), a daytime time. It is possible to set a time zone having a different length as the set time zone, such as a zone (11:00 to 17:00) and a night time zone (17:00 to 24:00).
Incidentally, in this case, the hot water supply amount in the state in which the auxiliary heating means M is operated and the heat radiation amount in the radiator 19 become a time series heat load, and the transition of the current power load within the set cycle is a time series power load. It becomes.

(2) In the first to fifth basic embodiments , even if the operation control unit 5 performs the output increase operation, if a heat shortage occurs within the set period, the operation is further performed in the next set period. You may comprise so that an output increase operation may be corrected based on an actual use condition so that an output increase operation may be performed in a state where the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to a large output side.

For example, the first basic embodiment will be described. If a heat shortage occurs within the set cycle even when the output increase operation is performed, the selected set time zone T3 is one in the next set cycle. If it is the set time zone, the range of the selected set time zone T3 may be corrected so that the two set time zones are the selected set time zone T3.

  By the way, correction of output increase operation can be configured to correct output increase operation in all setting time zones within the next setting cycle, or if the set time zone where heat shortage occurred can be identified, In the next setting cycle, it is possible to correct the output increasing operation only in the same set time zone as the set time zone in which the heat shortage state has occurred.

(3) In the first to fifth basic embodiments , even when the operation control unit 5 performs the output lowering operation, if a remaining heat state occurs within the set cycle, the following set cycle The output lowering operation may be corrected based on the actual use state so that the output lowering operation is performed in a state where the output of the fuel cell 1 is adjusted to the smaller output side.

For example, the second basic embodiment will be described. When a power surplus state occurs within the set cycle even when the output drop operation is performed, the output drop reference value is set to the set amount in the next set cycle. The output lowering reference value may be corrected so as to be increased only by a large amount.

  By the way, the output reduction operation correction can be configured to correct the output reduction operation in all the setting time zones within the next setting cycle, or if the setting time zone where the excess heat state occurred can be specified, In the next setting cycle, it is possible to configure so that the output lowering operation is corrected only in the same set time period as the set time period in which the excess heat state occurs.

(4) In the first to fifth basic embodiments , five types of output increasing operation are illustrated, and in the first to seventh basic embodiments , seven types of output decreasing operation are illustrated. Which output increase operation is adopted among the output increase operations and which output decrease operation is adopted among the seven types of output decrease operations can be appropriately changed. For example, the first basic embodiment It is also possible to configure and execute the output increase operation exemplified in (1) and the output decrease operation exemplified in the second basic embodiment .

(5) In the first to seventh basic embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention, an example in which the set period is 1 day and the set time period is 1 hour is shown. The setting can be changed as appropriate.
For example, for the set cycle, it is possible to set one week as the set cycle, and for the set time zone, a fixed time of 6 hours or 12 hours can be set as the set time zone, or the midnight time zone (0 o'clock). ~ 6 o'clock), morning time zone (6 o'clock to 11 o'clock), daytime zone (11 o'clock to 17 o'clock), night time zone (17 o'clock to 24 o'clock), etc. It is possible to set the time zone.

(6) In the first to seventh basic embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention, as the step setting output set stepwise in advance, for example, 100% output, 75% output, 50% output, 25% Although four stages of output have been illustrated, the step setting output may be two stages or five or more stages, and the number of steps to be set can be changed as appropriate, and the numerical value of the step setting output can be changed as appropriate. is there.

(7) In the first to seventh basic embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention , the operation control unit 5 outputs the step setting output closest to the current power load from the plurality of step setting outputs. However, it is possible to appropriately change the configuration for selecting the adjustment step setting output. For example, the operation control unit 5 can perform the same operation as the current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs. It is also possible to implement the configuration by selecting the step setting output on the side smaller than the current power load as the adjustment step setting output.
In addition, when the current power load exceeds the step setting output (75% output), the higher step setting output (75% output) is selected as the adjustment step setting output, and the current power load becomes the step setting output ( If the output is less than 75% output, the step setting output (50% output) on the side smaller than that is selected as the adjustment step setting output.

(8) In the first to seventh basic embodiments and the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the hot water storage tank 2, a heat consuming terminal 3 is provided, and the heat load is a hot water supply heat load and a terminal heat load. Although the system is illustrated, a cogeneration system in which the hot water supply heat load is a heat load without providing the heat consuming terminal 3 may be used.

(9) In the first to seventh basic embodiments and the embodiment of the present invention , the electric heater 12 is configured to heat the cooling water of the fuel cell 1. It is also possible to configure and carry out heating of the hot water inside.

(10) In the first to seventh basic embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention , the fuel cell 1 is exemplified as the cogeneration device. However, as the cogeneration device, for example, an internal combustion engine such as a gas engine and a power generation device And a combination of an external combustion engine such as a Stirling engine and a power generation device can be applied.
In any configuration, the installation position of the radiator 19 may be in the flow path of the cooling water circulation path 13.

(11) In the first to fifth basic embodiments , whether or not the operation control unit 5 performs the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation based on the condition of the integrated value of the heat load with the passage of time, and Although it is configured to determine the timing of performing the output increasing operation and the output decreasing operation, such a configuration may not be adopted.

Schematic configuration diagram of cogeneration system Cogeneration system control block diagram Explanatory drawing in step output operation Graph showing predicted power load and predicted heat load Explanatory drawing of output increase operation and output decrease operation in the first basic embodiment Flow chart showing control operation Explanatory drawing of the output increase operation and the output decrease operation in the second basic embodiment Explanatory drawing of the output increase operation and the output decrease operation in the third basic embodiment Explanatory drawing of output increase operation and output decrease operation in the fourth basic embodiment Explanatory drawing of the output increase operation and the output decrease operation in the fifth basic embodiment The flowchart which shows the control action in embodiment of this invention The flowchart which shows the output fall operation determination processing in the control action of FIG. The flowchart which shows the output increase driving | operation determination process in the control action of FIG. Graph showing the calculation conditions (b) and calculation results (b) for the predicted heat storage Graph showing the calculation conditions (b) and calculation results (b) for the predicted heat storage Graph showing the calculation conditions (b) and calculation results (b) for the predicted heat storage Graph showing the calculation conditions (b) and calculation results (b) for the predicted heat storage Graph showing the calculation conditions (b) and calculation results (b) for the predicted heat storage

Explanation of symbols

1: Cogeneration device 2: Hot water storage tank 5: Operation control means M: Auxiliary heating means

Claims (32)

A combined heat and power supply device capable of outputting electric power and heat and adjusting the output, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the heat output from the combined heat and power supply device, and an operation control means for controlling operation are provided. And
The operation control means selects one adjustment step setting output according to the currently requested current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs set stepwise in advance, and the adjustment step setting output A cogeneration system configured to perform step output operation for adjusting the output of the combined heat and power supply device,
The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load, and performs the step output operation on the time-series power load to perform a time-series operation. When a heat shortage state in which heat is insufficient with respect to a typical heat load is predicted, the output of the cogeneration device is output to the step setting output on the side larger than the current power load in a predetermined output increase target time zone. It is configured to perform the output increase operation to be adjusted ,
Even if the operation control means predicts the heat shortage by performing the step output operation, heat remains for a time-series heat load by performing the output increase operation in the output increase target time zone. A cogeneration system configured to prohibit the output increase operation in the output increase target time zone when a surplus heat state is predicted .   The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load for each set time period within a set cycle, and the heat output by performing the step output operation. The cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein the cogeneration system is configured such that a set time zone in which an insufficiency state is predicted is set as the output increase target time zone.   The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load for each set time period within a set cycle, and the heat output by performing the step output operation. The cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein the cogeneration system is configured such that a set time zone before a set time zone in which an insufficiency state is predicted is set as the output increase target time zone.   The operation control means is close to a set time period in which the heat shortage state is predicted so that the heat shortage with respect to the time-series heat load is accumulated in the hot water storage tank in advance as the output increase operation. The cogeneration system according to claim 3, wherein one or a plurality of set time zones selected from those are set as the output increase target time zone.   The operation control means may increase the output of the earliest set time zone when the heat surplus state in which heat remains with respect to the time-series heat load is not predicted before the set time zone in which the heat shortage state is predicted. The cogeneration system according to claim 3, wherein the cogeneration system is configured to be a target time zone. When the current power load is larger than the output increase reference value set for each of a plurality of step setting outputs in the output increase target time zone, the operation control means outputs the output in the output increase target time zone. The cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cogeneration system is configured to perform an ascending operation . The cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the operation control means is configured to adjust the output of the cogeneration device to a maximum step setting output as the output increase operation . The operation control means, as the output increase operation, one or a plurality of steps set according to the heat quantity that is insufficient with respect to the time-series heat load in a form giving priority to the minimum side from a plurality of step setting outputs The cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured to prohibit selection of a setting output as the adjustment step setting output . The said operation control means is comprised so that the output of the said combined heat and power supply apparatus may be adjusted to one step setting output for a raise set from the several step setting output as the said output raise operation . The cogeneration system according to any one of the above. The operation control means is insufficient for a time-series heat load in the form of giving priority to a step setting output between a maximum step setting output and a minimum step setting output from a plurality of step setting outputs as the output increasing operation. The code according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the code is configured to prohibit selection of one or a plurality of step setting outputs set according to heat to be performed as the adjustment step setting output. Generation system. In any one of 1 to 6 , the operation control means is configured to adjust the output of the cogeneration device to a step setting output that is one step larger than the current power load as the output increase operation. The described cogeneration system. The said operation control means is comprised so that the said heat shortage state may be estimated from the past time series electric power load and the past time series heat load. Cogeneration system described in 1. In the operation control means, the deviation between the actual integrated value of the actual heat load and the past integrated value of the past heat load is out of the setting range, and the actual integrated value is larger than the past integrated value by an allowable value or more. In this case, the cogeneration system according to claim 12 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured to prohibit the output increase operation in the output increase target time zone . In the operation control means, the deviation between the actual integrated value of the actual heat load and the past integrated value of the past heat load is out of the setting range, and the past integrated value is larger than the actual integrated value by an allowable value or more. In this case, the cogeneration system according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the output increase target time zone is configured to be delayed by a predetermined time . Auxiliary heating means to generate insufficient heat,
The cogeneration system according to claim 1 , wherein the operation control unit is configured to predict the heat shortage state from an operating state of the auxiliary heating unit as the time-series heat load . A combined heat and power supply device capable of outputting electric power and heat and adjusting the output, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the heat output from the combined heat and power supply device, and an operation control means for controlling operation are provided. And
The operation control means selects one adjustment step setting output according to the currently requested current power load from a plurality of step setting outputs set stepwise in advance, and the adjustment step setting output A cogeneration system configured to perform step output operation to adjust the output of the combined heat and power device,
The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load, and performs the step output operation on the time-series power load to perform a time-series operation. When a surplus heat state with excess heat with respect to a typical heat load is predicted, the output of the cogeneration device is adjusted to a step setting output on the side smaller than the current power load in a predetermined output decrease target time zone Is configured to perform a power down operation,
The operation control means, even if the excess heat is predicted by performing the step output operation, heat is insufficient for a time-series heat load by performing the output decrease operation in the output decrease target time zone. A cogeneration system configured to prohibit the output lowering operation from being performed in the output lowering target time zone when a heat shortage state is predicted . The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load for each set time period within a set cycle, and the heat output by performing the step output operation. The cogeneration system according to claim 16, wherein the cogeneration system is configured such that a set time zone in which a surplus state is predicted is set as the output decrease target time zone . The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load for each set time period within a set cycle, and the heat output by performing the step output operation. The cogeneration system according to claim 16 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured such that a set time zone before a set time zone in which a surplus state is predicted is set as the output decrease target time zone . When the operation control means does not predict a heat shortage state in which heat is insufficient with respect to a time-series heat load before a set time period in which the excess heat state is predicted by performing the step output operation, The cogeneration system according to claim 18 , wherein the earliest set time zone is set as the output decrease target time zone . When the current power load is smaller than the output decrease reference value set for each of the plurality of step setting outputs in the output decrease target time zone, the operation control means outputs the output in the output decrease target time zone. The cogeneration system according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the cogeneration system is configured to perform a descent operation . The cogeneration system according to any one of claims 16 to 20 , wherein the operation control means is configured to adjust the output of the cogeneration device to a minimum step setting output as the output lowering operation . The operation control means, as the output lowering operation, one or a plurality of step settings set according to the heat amount remaining for the time-series heat load in a form giving priority to the maximum side from a plurality of step setting outputs The cogeneration system according to any one of claims 16 to 20 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured to prohibit an output from being selected as the adjustment step setting output . The said operation control means is comprised so that the output of the said combined heat and power supply apparatus may be adjusted to the step setting output for one fall set from the several step setting output as the said output fall operation | movement . The cogeneration system according to any one of the above. The operation control means leaves the time series heat load in a form giving priority to a step setting output between a maximum step setting output and a minimum step setting output from a plurality of step setting outputs as the output decreasing operation. 21. The apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 20, configured to prohibit selection of one or a plurality of prohibition step setting outputs set according to heat as the adjustment step setting output . Cogeneration system. The said operation control means is comprised so that the output of the said combined heat and power supply apparatus may be adjusted to the step setting output of the one step smaller side than the present electric power load as the said output fall operation. Cogeneration system according to item. The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load for each set time period within a set cycle, and as the output decreasing operation, a time-series The cogeneration system according to claim 16 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured to stop the operation of the combined heat and power device in a set time period in which the electric power load is smaller than the set value for stopping . The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load for each set time period within a set period, and as the output lowering operation, within the set period The cogeneration system according to claim 16 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured to stop the operation of the combined heat and power unit in all set time periods . The said operation control means is comprised so that the said heat surplus state may be estimated from the past time series electric power load and the past time series heat load. Cogeneration system described in 1. In the operation control means, the deviation between the actual integrated value of the actual heat load and the past integrated value of the past heat load is out of the setting range, and the actual integrated value is larger than the past integrated value by an allowable value or more. 29. The cogeneration system according to claim 28 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured to extend the output decrease target time zone . In the operation control means, the deviation between the actual integrated value of the actual heat load and the past integrated value of the past heat load is out of the setting range, and the past integrated value is larger than the actual integrated value by an allowable value or more. 30. The cogeneration system according to claim 28 or 29 , wherein the cogeneration system is configured to delay the output decrease target time zone by a predetermined time . With a radiator that dissipates excess heat,
The cogeneration system according to claim 16 , wherein the operation control means is configured to predict the heat surplus state from an operating state of the radiator as the time-series heat load . The operation control means is configured to manage a time-series power load and a time-series heat load for each set time period within a set period, and the set period is set to one day. The cogeneration system according to any one of Items 1 to 31 .

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