JP3981572B2 - Garbage disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus that decomposes garbage with microorganisms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A garbage processing apparatus has been developed that decomposes garbage into liquefied products and gas by microorganisms. This kind of garbage processing apparatus accommodates and stirs garbage in a processing tank. Stirring is performed, for example, by rotating a drum-shaped processing tank or rotating a plurality of stirring plates in the processing tank.
When the garbage is decomposed by such a garbage processing apparatus, the garbage and the fungus bed are put into the processing tank. The raw garbage thrown into the treatment tank is agitated, whereby oxygen is supplied to microorganisms (aerobic fermentative bacteria) that live in the fungus bed. Microorganisms supplied with oxygen decompose raw garbage into liquefied products and carbon dioxide.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the liquefied material discharged from the treatment tank contains a lot of undecomposed organic substances. When undecomposed organic substances contained in the liquefied material are accumulated in the storage tank, a bad odor is generated from the liquefied material, which causes discomfort to humans. In particular, oil contained in raw garbage (a kind of undecomposed organic substance) floats on the surface of the liquid in the storage tank and stays on the surface of the liquid. It is the cause.
[0004]
This invention is made | formed in view of the actual condition mentioned above, and makes it a subject to provide the raw garbage processing apparatus which can prevent generation | occurrence | production of a bad smell.
[0005]
Means for Solving the Problem, Action and Effect] In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the input garbage is decomposed into liquefied substances by microorganisms and discharged from the discharge port. A storage tank that is disposed below the processing tank and temporarily stores the liquefied material discharged from the discharge port, and a pump device that agitates the liquefied material in the storage tank. The pump device sucks and discharges the liquefied material in the storage tank, and one end of the pump apparatus is connected to the discharge port of the pump . After branching in two directions in the vicinity of the discharge port, the pump device has an annular shape along the peripheral wall of the storage tank And a pipe extending in the direction. The piping is provided with a plurality of first nozzles for ejecting liquefied substances substantially horizontally toward the storage tank center and a plurality of second nozzles for ejecting liquefied substances substantially downwardly toward the bottom of the storage tank. .
In said garbage processing apparatus, the liquefied material discharged | emitted from the discharge port of the processing tank and stored in the storage tank is stirred by the pump apparatus in a storage tank. That is, the liquefied material in the storage tank is sucked into the pump and discharged from the pump. The liquefied material discharged from the pump is ejected into the storage tank from the first nozzle and the second nozzle of the pipe extending annularly along the peripheral wall of the storage tank. The liquefied product ejected from the first nozzle flows substantially horizontally toward the center of the storage tank, and the liquefied product ejected from the second nozzle flows substantially downward toward the bottom of the storage tank. Thereby, the liquefied substance in a storage tank is stirred effectively. For this reason, undecomposed organic substances (especially oil) contained in the liquefied material do not accumulate on the surface and become difficult to adhere to the wall surface etc., and the organic substances are diffused throughout the liquefied material and discharged out of the storage tank. The Therefore, it becomes difficult for undecomposed organic substances to be accumulated in the storage tank, so that generation of malodor can be prevented.
[0006]
The pump may be a so-called submersible pump that is submerged, or a pump that is not submerged. Submersible pumps increase the space efficiency because there is no need to provide a separate space for installing the pump. On the other hand, when a pump that does not submerge is used, it is necessary to separately install a pump outside the storage tank, but maintenance can be easily performed because the pump is installed outside the storage tank.
[0007]
The pump device may include air supply means for mixing air into the discharged liquefied material. In the garbage processing apparatus configured as described above, the liquefied material in the storage tank is mixed with air, and oxygen is easily supplied to the microorganisms (aerobic fermentation bacteria) contained in the liquefied material. Degradation action by microorganisms is promoted.
Depending on the garbage to be treated, air may not be mixed into the liquefied material discharged from the pump device. That is, the type of organic substance contained in the liquefied product discharged from the treatment tank differs depending on the type of garbage to be processed, and there is a case where it is not necessary to promote decomposition action by microorganisms by mixing air into the discharged liquefied product. Because there is.
[0008]
It is preferable to make the liquefied substance in a storage tank into a turbulent flow state with a pump apparatus. By making the liquefied product in a turbulent state, the oil component floating on the surface is prevented from stagnation and stagnating, and at the same time, the oil component is prevented from adhering to the wall surface and the like, and the entire liquefied product can be stirred.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A garbage disposal apparatus 10 according to an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the configuration of the garbage processing apparatus 10 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the garbage processing apparatus 10 includes an outer casing 12, an inner casing 40 provided in the outer casing 12, and a treatment tank 30 mounted in the inner casing 40. The storage tank 42 is disposed below the processing tank 30. The outer casing 12 is formed in a box shape by combining a plurality of members, and forms an outer shell of the garbage disposal apparatus 10. The inner casing 40 is also configured by combining a plurality of members, and supports the treatment tank 30.
[0010]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the treatment tank 30 is formed in a drum shape, and the garbage and the fungus bed are accommodated therein to decompose the garbage (in FIG. 4). For the sake of clarity, details such as openings are omitted). A plurality of openings 33 are formed in the circumferential surface 32 of the processing tank 30. A liquid-permeable plate 34 is attached to half of the plurality of openings 33 (the left half in FIG. 4), and the remaining openings 33 are closed by the plate 35. As shown in FIG. 6, the liquid-permeable plate 34 has a number of round holes 34 a formed in a stainless steel plate. The round hole 34a is formed to have a size that allows only liquefied material generated by decomposition of garbage to pass through, but does not allow the fungus bed or garbage to pass through.
Depending on the type of garbage, the plate 35 closing the opening 33 may be replaced with a liquid permeable plate 34 to discharge more liquefied material.
[0011]
A plurality of plate-like stirring plates 31 are attached so as to protrude from the inner surface of the treatment tank 30. As shown in FIG. 4, the stirring plate 31 has six rows arranged in a row in the direction of the axis 30a of the processing tank 30, and six rows are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. Has been. As shown in FIG. 4, the plate surface 31 a of the stirring plate 31 is attached to be inclined with respect to the axis 30 a of the processing tank 30 by an angle 31 b, and the angle 31 b has a twist direction every other row. It is the opposite.
Further, a blower fan and a heater (both not shown) for blowing warm air into the inner casing 40 are provided.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, four support portions 46 are fixed to the inner casing 40. The support portion 46 has a rotatable cylindrical roller 46a, and both ends of the outer peripheral surface of the processing tank 30 are placed on the roller 46a. For this reason, the processing tank 30 is guided by the support 46 in the inner casing 40 and is rotatable. As shown in FIG. 1, an opening 36 is formed on one end surface of the processing tank 30, and a supply device 20 (described later) is attached to the opening 36.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a sprocket 66 (chain wheel) is fixed to the periphery of the opening 36 via a bracket 65. An electric motor 62 is mounted below the sprocket 66, and a sprocket 62 a is fixed to the drive shaft of the electric motor 62. A chain 68 is wound around the sprocket 66 and the sprocket 62a. For this reason, when the electric motor 62 is driven, the processing tank 30 is rotated via the chain 68.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the supply device 20 attached to the opening 36 of the processing tank 30 is mounted on the gantry 16 fixed to the outer casing 12. The supply device 20 includes a hopper 22 into which raw garbage is charged, a supply pipe 25 that communicates the hopper 22 and the processing tank 30, and the like. The upper end of the hopper 22 is a garbage input port 22 a, and the garbage input port 22 a can be opened and closed by the opening / closing lid 14. In the supply pipe 25, a shaft 27 that is rotationally driven by an electric motor 24 (shown in FIG. 3) and a helical screw 26 fixed to the shaft 27 are accommodated. The shaft 27 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow inside, and this hollow portion serves as a water passage. Water is supplied to the one end 27b of the shaft 27 from a water supply source, and water supply / stop is controlled by a water on-off valve (not shown). As shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the supply pipe 25 protrudes into the processing tank 30, and an opening 25 a is formed at the protruding portion.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a rod-like stay 70 is provided upward at the tip of the supply pipe 25, and a sprinkling pipe 72 is horizontally attached to the upper end of the stay 70. . A plurality of water spouts 72 a are formed in the water sprinkling pipe 72, and one end 72 b and the other end 27 a of the shaft 27 are connected by a hose 74.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a storage tank 42 is provided below the processing tank 30. Since the storage tank 42 preferably has a wide contact surface (liquid level) with air, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the storage tank 42 is a substantially tray-shaped liquid tank having an open top. The bottom section of the storage tank 42 is formed in a V shape, and the bottom surface 42d is inclined toward the lower right in FIG.
As is well shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the storage tank 42 is provided with a pump device as stirring means. The pump device includes a so-called submersible pump 17a to be submerged, a pipe 17b connected to a discharge port of the submersible pump 17a, and an air suction part connected to the base end of the pipe 17b via an air inflow pipe 17c. 17d. The air inflow pipe 17c and the air suction part 17d are air supply means in the present invention.
The pipe 17b is attached to the treatment tank 30 by means of distributedly arranged attachment members 42h, branches in two directions in the vicinity of the discharge port of the submersible pump 17, and then extends annularly along the peripheral wall of the treatment tank 30. In the pipe 17b, a plurality of nozzles 17e (in this example, inclined to about 5 ° downward from the horizontal) for jetting jets substantially laterally toward the center of the storage tank, and substantially downward toward the bottom. A plurality of nozzles 17f for ejecting jets (in this example, inclined to about 5 ° from the vertical) are provided at a predetermined pitch over the entire length of the pipe 17b. Note that an air supply amount may be adjustable by connecting a blower for pushing air into the air suction portion 17d. That is, the submersible pump 17a mixes the air taken in from the air suction portion 17d with the liquefied material sucked from the suction portion at the bottom of the pump, and jets it from the nozzles 17e and 17f as a jet of air.
The state of the flow of the jet and the direction of the nozzle are schematically shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 11, the liquefied material in the storage tank 42 convects in the storage tank 42 without stagnation near the wall surface or surface of the parking tank 42 by the jets ejected from the nozzles 17e and 17f. Yes. The direction in which the jet flows from the nozzles 17e and 17f is not limited to this example, and can be changed and used in various ways depending on the type of garbage. For example, in the case of garbage containing a large amount of oil, it is conceivable that a large amount of oil floats on the surface and stagnates. For this reason, the jet direction of the nozzle 17e may be jetted upward from the horizontal (for example, about 5 ° in the horizontal upward direction), and the stirring in the vicinity of the liquefied material surface may be positively performed.
The pump motor (electric motor) of the submersible pump 17a is electrically connected to a controller 76 described later.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the forced drain port 18 is provided in the lower part of the storage tank 42. The forced drain port 18 is an open / close valve that opens and closes when the user operates the handle 18a during maintenance or the like. One end of a hose (not shown) is connected to the forced drain port 18, and the other end of the hose communicates with the outside of the garbage processing apparatus 10. Reference numeral 17 e in the figure denotes a through hole communicating with the forced drain port 18.
In the upper part of the storage tank 42, a supernatant drainage port 19 is provided separately from the forced drainage port 18 (see FIG. 3). As shown well in FIGS. 1 and 2, one end of a hose 15 is connected to the supernatant drain port 19. The other end of the hose 15 communicates with the outside of the garbage processing apparatus 10.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, a controller 76 is mounted in the outer casing 12. The controller 76 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, an input processing circuit, an output processing circuit, and the like, and processes an input signal according to a predetermined program and outputs it as a control signal. An instruction signal from an operation panel 71 (described later) is input to the controller 76 via a signal line 77, and an electric motor (24, 62), a pump motor (not shown), a water on-off valve (not shown) ), A control signal is output to an electric heater (not shown) or the like.
The operation panel 71 is an operation terminal for the user to operate the garbage processing apparatus 10 and is mounted on the outer surface of the outer casing 12 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the operation panel 71 is provided with a function button 71a, an up button 71b, a down button 71c, an enter button 71d, a clear button 71f, and a display 71e.
[0017]
The function of these buttons will be described. Each time the function button 71a is pressed, the input mode is switched in order, so that the user can select the input mode. The input mode includes an agitation time input mode, a screw operation time input mode, a water supply time input mode, a treatment tank rotation time input mode, a treatment tank temperature input mode, and the like. These numerical values can be increased or decreased by pressing the up button 71b and the down button 71c. On the display 71e, which is a liquid crystal display device, numerical values such as the selected input mode and the set time are displayed. The set numerical value is determined by pressing the enter button 71d, and the garbage processing apparatus 10 is operated according to the determined numerical value. When the clear button 71f is pressed, the set numerical value is cleared.
[0018]
The configuration of the raw garbage processing apparatus 10 has been described above. Below, operation | movement of this garbage processing apparatus 10 is demonstrated.
When processing the garbage with the garbage processing apparatus 10, the opening / closing lid 14 is opened, a predetermined amount of fungus bed is introduced into the hopper 22, and the electric motor 24 is operated by operating from the operation panel 71. When the electric motor 24 is actuated, the screw 26 rotates together with the shaft 27, the fungus bed is sent to the tip of the supply pipe 25, and the fungus bed is supplied into the treatment tank 30 from the opening 25a. As the fungus bed, those which are liable to be inhabited by microorganisms (aerobic fermentation bacteria) that decompose garbage at a relatively low temperature are desirable. For example, rice husks, wood chips and sawdust are used. And it supplies with electricity to an electric heater (illustration omitted), and raises the temperature in the processing tank 30 to the temperature at which microorganisms decompose | degrade raw garbage actively. However, in the season from spring to autumn, the temperature in the treatment tank 30 rises due to the heat of fermentation generated by microorganisms, so there is no need to use an electric heater.
[0019]
Next, raw garbage and an appropriate amount of pH adjusting agent are put into the hopper 22, the electric motor 24 is operated to rotate the screw 26, and the raw garbage is supplied into the treatment tank 30. Subsequently, when the electric motor 62 is operated, the treatment tank 30 is rotated via the chain 68, and the stirring plate 31 formed so as to protrude from the inner peripheral surface stirs the garbage.
As described above, since the plate surface 31 a of the stirring plate 31 is attached in an inclined state with respect to the axis 30 a of the processing tank 30, the garbage is moved in the direction of the axis 30 a of the processing tank 30, thereby further stirring. Much done. When the agitation is performed more, oxygen is sufficiently supplied to the microorganisms in the garbage, and the decomposition of the garbage is promoted. Moreover, since the twist direction (angle 31b) of the plate surface 31a of the stirring plate 31 is reversed every other row, the raw garbage does not move in a certain direction of the axis 30a of the processing tank 30, but in the direction. The movement in the direction of the axis 30a is repeated (going back and forth) while changing. This also contributes to a large amount of stirring of garbage.
[0020]
Further, when the garbage is moved in the direction of the axis 30 a of the treatment tank 30 by the stirring plate 31, the garbage is piled up under the opening 25 a of the supply pipe 25 that supplies the garbage into the treatment tank 30. The upper surface of the garbage is leveled. When the upper surface of the garbage is leveled, more garbage can be supplied into the treatment tank 30.
The rotation speed of the treatment tank 30 is 1 to 2 rpm, and after the garbage is sufficiently stirred, it may be rotated only about 5 minutes per hour. Simultaneously with the rotation of the treatment tank 30, a water on-off valve (not shown) is opened, and water that has passed through the shaft 27 and the hose 74 is sprinkled into the treatment tank 30 from the water spout 72 a of the sprinkling pipe 72. When water is sprinkled into the treatment tank 30, the decomposition of garbage by microorganisms is promoted.
In addition, as for the quantity of the fungus bed and garbage which are thrown in in the processing tank 30, it is desirable that the upper surface is about 1/2 of the height of the processing tank 30 from a viewpoint of a stirring effect. Further, the amount of the PH adjusting agent supplied into the treatment tank 30 is sufficient to neutralize the garbage and the fungus bed that are acidified with the decomposition of the garbage.
[0021]
In this way, the garbage is decomposed in the treatment tank 30 to become a liquefied material, passes through the liquid permeable plate 34 and falls into the storage tank 42. This falling liquefaction contains undecomposed organic substances and microorganisms. Then, the liquefied material stored in the storage tank 42 is sucked into the submersible pump 17a and is pumped to the pipe 17b. At that time, air in the air suction portion 17d is taken in via the air inflow pipe 17c, and a jet of air mixed is ejected from the nozzles 17e and 17f. As shown in FIG. 11, the ejection direction is a combination of two directions, that is, the lateral direction and the downward direction so that the whole is mixed. Due to the turbulent flow thus generated, the liquefied material in the storage tank 42 circulates without stagnation. And the liquefied material in the storage tank 42 is guide | induced to the exterior of the garbage disposal apparatus 10 from the supernatant drainage port 19. FIG. In this way, the liquefied material is convectioned without stagnation in the storage tank 42, and further decomposed by microorganisms while being convected, so that generation of malodor from the garbage processing apparatus 10 is prevented.
The operation time of the submersible pump 17a can be set to an arbitrary time by the controller 76 already described. For example, when the liquefaction in the storage tank 42 can be easily stirred (that is, when the viscosity of the liquefaction is low), the time during which the submersible pump 17a is operated is the time during which the treatment tank 30 is driven to rotate. (About 5 minutes per hour). Moreover, when stirring of the liquefied substance in the storage tank 42 cannot be performed easily (that is, when the viscosity of the liquefied substance is high), the time required for the processing tank 30 to be driven to rotate (about 5 minutes per hour). It is preferable to operate for a long time. For example, the submersible pump 17a may be operated constantly, or may be operated for about 30 minutes per hour. That is, the operation time of the submersible pump 17a can be appropriately determined according to the type of garbage put into the treatment tank 30 by the operation manager of the garbage processing apparatus 10.
[0022]
In the above embodiment, the drum-shaped treatment tank 30 rotates to stir the fungus bed and the garbage. However, the fixed treatment tank is used and the stirring member provided inside the treatment tank is rotated. It is possible to stir the fungus bed and the garbage. With respect to other points as well, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in variously modified and improved forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical elements described in the present specification or the drawings exhibit technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. In addition, the technology illustrated in the present specification or the drawings achieves a plurality of objects at the same time, and has technical utility by achieving one of the objects.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a garbage disposal apparatus according to an embodiment.
2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the treatment tank.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view showing the hole shape of the liquid-permeable plate.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the storage tank.
8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of the storage tank.
FIG. 10 is a front view of the operation panel.
FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating the direction of a jet flow ejected from a nozzle.
[Explanation of symbols]
10: Garbage disposal apparatus 17a: Submersible pump 17b: Pipe 17c: Air inflow pipe (air supply means)
17d: Air suction part (air supply means)
17e: Nozzle, 17f: Nozzle 18: Drainage port 20: Supply device 24: Electric motor 30: Processing tank 31: Stirring plate 34: Liquid-permeable plate, 34a: Round hole 35: Plate 36: Opening 40: Inner casing 41: Liquid level 42 of liquefied material: storage tank 42d: bottom surface

Claims (1)

A processing tank that decomposes the input garbage into a liquefied product by microorganisms and discharges it from the discharge port, a storage tank that is disposed below the processing tank and temporarily stores the liquefied product discharged from the discharge port, and a storage tank And a pump device for stirring the liquefied material in the inside,
The pump device sucks and discharges the liquefied material in the storage tank, and one end of the pump apparatus is connected to the discharge port of the pump . After branching in two directions in the vicinity of the discharge port, the pump device has an annular shape along the peripheral wall of the storage tank And a pipe extending to
The piping is provided with a plurality of first nozzles for ejecting liquefied substances substantially horizontally toward the storage tank center and a plurality of second nozzles for ejecting liquefied substances substantially downwardly toward the bottom of the storage tank. Garbage disposal equipment.

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