JP3978803B2 - Liquid automatic supply / discharge device for peritoneal dialysis device and automatic peritoneal dialysis device using the device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid automatic supply / discharge device for a peritoneal dialysis device that automatically injects dialysate into the abdominal cavity of a patient and discharges it after a predetermined time, and an automatic peritoneal dialysis device using the liquid automatic supply / discharge device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Peritoneal dialysis has advantages such as low treatment costs and the need for frequent dialysis patients to return to society, and the number of facilities in Japan is gradually increasing. Continuous peritoneal dialysis (hereinafter abbreviated as CAPD) is easy for a patient to exchange dialysate at home and is inexpensive, and many peritoneal dialysis patients employ this method. However, although it is convenient, since the exchange of the bag, the attachment / detachment of the connector, and the opening / closing of the clamp (opening / closing means) are repeated several times a day, the burden on the patient is not small. In addition, some patients are blind and have hand injuries, and they may become contaminated due to misoperation of the patients or cause injection / drainage errors. Therefore, a peritoneal dialysis apparatus that automatically performs the above operation has been devised and improved. In a simpler automatic peritoneal dialysis machine, the drop causes the dialysate to be injected into the patient's abdominal cavity and drained from the abdominal cavity. This type has a relatively simple structure and is safe for a living body because it is injected and discharged by gravity. On the other hand, there has been a problem that a head required for performing injection and discharge must be provided, and the posture of the patient at the time of treatment is forced, and the apparatus becomes large.
[0003]
If a roller pump is used for injecting and discharging fluid from the automatic peritoneal dialysis machine, there is no need to make a drop, but the roller rotates regardless of the amount of fluid to be injected or discharged, so that excessive injection or intraperitoneal injection is possible. However, there is a risk that the peritoneum may be damaged by forcible suction despite the small amount of staying fluid.
As described above, the conventional liquid supply / discharge device for an automatic peritoneal dialysis device has advantages and disadvantages, and further has the following common disadvantages. That is, first, since the liquid injection amount and the liquid discharge amount are measured as the weight by the load cell, the size is increased and the cost is increased. Secondly, the dialysate bag, the drainage bag, the patient's peritoneal catheter, the heating means and the like are connected by conduits, and each of these conduits is equipped with an opening / closing means. And since one series of one opening / closing means was separately operated with respect to one conduit | pipe, the control apparatus became complicated and became the cause of the cost increase.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A first problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid automatic supply / discharge device for a peritoneal dialysis device that can safely and reliably inject and discharge a liquid and that is small in size and simple in structure. In particular, when used as a dialysate for an automatic peritoneal dialysis machine and a drainage system for drainage from a patient, (1) there is no contamination or misoperation, and (2) it is accurate without forcing the patient's posture during fluid exchange. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid supply / drainage device for a peritoneal dialysis device capable of injecting a sufficient amount of dialysate and discharging a staying fluid.
[0005]
The second problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in addition to the above problems (1) and (2), (3) operates in a predetermined order, (4) is small and has a simple structure, and (5) To provide an automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus that is inexpensive and reduces manual operation during dialysate exchange.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first feature of the present invention is that, in order to solve the technical problem, an opening for introducing or discharging gas (hereinafter also referred to as a gas opening) and an opening for sucking or discharging liquid (hereinafter referred to as a liquid opening). A chamber having a gas opening, and a chamber having a gas opening and a chamber having a liquid opening, and introducing or discharging gas through the gas opening. By providing a flexible diaphragm (diaphragm) capable of sucking or discharging dialysate or drainage from a patient's abdominal cavity into the chamber, the above-mentioned technique is provided. The problem is solved.
[0007]
In order to solve the above technical problem, the second feature of the present invention is an automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus using the liquid peritoneal dialysis apparatus as a dialysate supply / discharge apparatus. As a conduit opening and closing device for transporting drainage from the abdominal cavity,
(1) The conduit opening / closing means is a combination of an interlocking cam and a pusher, and is the same as the number of the conduits;
(2) The conduit opening / closing means is mounted on a rotating shaft,
(3) The number of rotating shafts is smaller than the number of conduit opening / closing means, and (4) any number of conduits can be opened by rotation of the rotating shaft, particularly only one conduit is opened. Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic peritoneal dialysis device having a conduit opening / closing device capable of closing the remaining conduit.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the configuration and operating principle of an example of the automatic liquid supply / discharge device for the peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention.
The automatic liquid supply / drainage device for the peritoneal dialysis machine includes a semispherical upper lid 3 having an opening 1 through which liquid can be introduced or discharged and a hemispherical lower lid having an opening 5 through which gas can be introduced or discharged. And a diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 whose peripheral ends are sandwiched and held by an upper lid 3 and a lower lid 6 forming the chamber 2.
[0009]
The volume of the chamber 2 formed by the upper lid 3 and the lower lid 6 is usually 10 to 100 cc, preferably 20 to 50 cc, for example, when used in the automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus shown in FIG. Further, the peripheral ends of the lids 3 and 6 are formed with flanges 7 formed outward, the peripheral ends of the diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 are sandwiched between the flanges 7, and the both lids The part 7 is fixed by suitable fixing means (not shown), such as insert molding, welder or screwing means. A tube 14 through which liquid flows in or out is connected to the liquid opening 1, and one end of a branch tube 11 through which gas can be introduced or discharged is connected to the gas opening 5. At the other end of the tube 11, as a driving means for moving the diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 upside down in the chamber 2, a capacity of 20 to 150 cc, preferably 50 to 100 cc, an air cylinder 8 and an air pressure sensor 10 are necessary. Accordingly, the temperature sensor 12 and the like are connected. It is preferable that a position detection sensor for detecting the position of the tip end of the piston 82 of the air cylinder 8 , for example, an optical sensor (photo interrupter), a slider resistor (potentiometer), or the like is provided in the vicinity of the outer cylinder portion of the air cylinder . By providing a detection sensor for detecting the position of the tip of the piston 82 of the position air cylinder 8, the gas sucked and discharged by the chamber is measured, and based on this, the dialysate or the drainage fluid from the patient's abdominal cavity is sucked. Alternatively, the discharge amount can be detected, and the suction or discharge of the liquid can be automatically controlled. Further, a pressure sensor 10 is provided between the chamber 2 and the air cylinder 8 in order to monitor the pressure in the circuit on the side of supplying air to the chamber 2.
[0010]
The diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 is formed of a synthetic resin material such as silicone, vinyl chloride resin, natural rubber, and thermoplastic elastomer, and is usually a film having a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.5 mm. When the chamber 2 having a capacity of 50 cc is used, the diaphragm 4 can theoretically discharge 50 cc of liquid by injecting 50 cc of air, and discharge 50 cc of air. It should be possible to allow 50 cc of the liquid to flow into the chamber 2, but in order to actually allow 50 cc of the liquid to flow into the chamber 2, the diaphragm (diaphragm) is completely attached to the inner wall of the chamber. In order to allow the liquid to completely flow into the chamber, it is necessary to discharge 1.4 to 2.0 times the capacity of the chamber 2, that is, 70 to 100 cc of air, and 50 cc of liquid from the chamber 2. In order to exhaust completely, air of 1.4 to 2.0 times the capacity of chamber 2, that is, 70 to 100 cc of air is introduced. There is a need. Therefore, it is necessary to make the capacity of the air cylinder 8 larger than the capacity of the chamber, and the capacity is preferably 1.4 to 2.0 times the capacity of the chamber 2.
[0011]
2. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the entire automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus system using the liquid supply / discharge apparatus for the peritoneal dialysis apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as an automatic supply / discharge apparatus for dialysis fluid or drainage from a patient.
Only the conduit 16 is opened, the gas in the chamber 2 of the liquid supply / discharge device for the peritoneal dialysis device is discharged from the gas opening, the diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 is inverted to the gas opening 5 side, The dialysis fluid is caused to flow from the dialysis fluid container 15.
[0012]
Next, the conduit 16 is closed, only the conduit 20 connected to the storage container 21 is opened, and gas is introduced into the chamber 2 of the liquid supply / exhaust device for peritoneal dialysis apparatus from the gas opening 5, thereby providing a diaphragm (diaphragm). 4 is inverted to the liquid opening 1 side, and the dialysate sucked into the chamber 2 is caused to flow into the storage container 21. This operation is repeated to allow a necessary amount of dialysate to flow out to the storage container 21. For example, when a 50 cc chamber 2 is used, the above operation may be repeated 20 times in order to send 1000 cc of dialysate. Further, since it may be necessary to heat the dialysate before injecting it into the body of the patient 24, the storage container 21 is provided with heating means 22 that can heat the dialysate in the storage container 21. What was provided is preferable.
Furthermore, it may be necessary to use a dialysate having a different concentration from the dialysate in the first dialysate container 15. In this case, the dialysate in the first dialysate container 15 has a concentration different from that of the dialysate. The dialysate can be changed in the storage container by allowing the dialysate to flow into and out of the chamber 2 from the second dialysate container 19 in which different dialysates are stored. . As described above, the second dialysate container 19 is necessary or unnecessary depending on the dialysis therapy, but is not necessarily a necessary component in the automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the present invention.
[0013]
In order to inject the dialysate heated in the storage container 21 into the abdominal cavity of the patient 24, only the conduit 20 is opened, and the diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 of the chamber 2 is inverted to the gas opening 5 side as described above. Then, a predetermined amount of dialysate is sucked into the chamber 2. Next, the conduit 20 is closed, and only the conduit 23 connected to the abdominal cavity of the patient 24 is opened. The diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 of the chamber 2 is inverted to the liquid opening 1 side, and the dialysate in the chamber 2 is supplied to the patient 24. Drain into the abdominal cavity. The above operation is repeated to inject a necessary amount of dialysate into the abdominal cavity of the patient 24.
[0014]
The liquid retained in the abdominal cavity of the patient 24 for a predetermined time is opened only by the same operation as described above, and the liquid (residual liquid) retained in the abdominal cavity of the patient 24 in the chamber 2 is aspirated. Next, the conduit 23 is closed, only the conduit 25 connected to the drainage container 26 is opened, the diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 of the chamber 2 is inverted to the liquid opening 1 side, and the accumulated liquid sucked into the chamber 2 is drained. The liquid is discharged into the liquid container 26. The above operation is repeated, and the staying fluid is discharged into the drainage container so that the patient's abdominal cavity does not have a negative pressure that damages the living body. In order to discharge the staying liquid into the drainage container 26 so that the inside of the abdominal cavity of the patient 24 does not become an extremely negative pressure, it must be constantly monitored by the air pressure sensor 10.
[0015]
The movement speed of the piston of the air cylinder when draining or injecting liquid from the abdominal catheter inserted into the patient's abdominal cavity or a conduit connected to the extension tube connected to the abdominal cavity damages the abdominal cavity. It is preferable to be in a predetermined range that is not given. The movement speed of the piston when discharging the liquid from the abdominal cavity of the patient is usually 10 to 200 ml / min, for example 150 ml / min, and the movement speed of the piston when injecting the liquid is about 20 to 400 ml / min, for example, 300 ml / min.
The moving speed of the piston when injecting or discharging liquid from other conduits is preferably larger than that described above in order to shorten the injecting or discharging time, for example, 40 to 1000 ml / min.
[0016]
In the automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the present invention, only one of the conduits is opened, and as a tube opening / closing means for closing the other conduit, each interlocking cam is operated by rotating the rotating shaft, It is preferable that only one of the pushers can be released from the conduit and the other conduit can be closed depending on the position of the interlocking cam. For example, in the case of five automatic peritoneal dialysis devices with 16, 18, 20, 23, and 25 as shown in FIG. 3, the conduit opening / closing means comprising the pusher and the interlocking cam is as shown in FIG. In addition, the number of interlocking cams 28 to be attached to one rotating shaft 27 is preferably up to three. The reason for this is that if there are up to three pipes, and if this pipe is designated as the A pipe, the rotation axis is rotated forward or negative from the state in which the pipe A is opened. This is because the conduit A can be closed and only one other conduit can be opened independently. However, if four or more conduit opening / closing means are provided on one rotating shaft, it is physically difficult to open only one target conduit while maintaining the other conduits closed. It becomes. That is, if it is attempted to open a conduit whose phase of the interlocking cam is shifted by two or more by a single rotating shaft, it always creates a state in which another conduit whose phase is shifted by one is opened, which is not preferable. . On the other hand, if one conduit opening / closing means is mounted on one rotating shaft, the number of rotating shafts increases, the apparatus becomes complicated, and the control becomes complicated.
[0017]
The five sets of opening / closing means are arranged at the positions of the rotation shafts so that only one of the conduits 16, 18, 20, 23 and 25 can be opened by the rotation of the rotation shaft 27. In the case of this conduit opening and closing means, three sets of the first conduit opening and closing means are respectively mounted with a phase difference of 120 °, and two sets of the conduit opening and closing means of the second rotation shaft are 120 to 180 °. Those mounted with a phase difference are preferred.
[0018]
In FIG. 3, when the second dialysate container is not used and the number of the conduits is four, in FIG. 4, two of the conduit opening / closing means are attached to the first rotation shaft, One having two conduit opening / closing means mounted on the second rotating shaft can be mentioned.
In this case, two of the conduit opening / closing means are mounted on the first rotation shaft with a phase difference of 120 to 180 °, and two of the conduit opening / closing means are 120 to 180 ° on the second rotation shaft. It is preferable that the phase difference is mounted, but three conduit opening / closing means may be mounted on one rotating shaft and one conduit opening / closing means may be mounted on the other rotating shaft.
[0019]
As the conduit opening / closing means for opening and closing the conduit by the rotation of the interlocking cam, for example, one comprising an interlocking cam 28 and a pusher 31 as shown in FIG. FIG. 5A shows a state in which the conduit is opened. FIG. 5B shows the open / close state of the conduit when the interlock cam 28 is rotated by rotating the rotating shaft 20 and the conduit 30 is closed by the pusher 31 and the receiving groove.
The receiving groove used when closing the conduit 30 preferably has a recess having a shape corresponding to the top of the pusher 31 as shown in FIG.
In order to determine the position and / or moving direction of the interlock cam, it is preferable to provide an optical sensor or an encoder that can detect the rotational position in the vicinity of the interlock cam. With this optical sensor, it is possible to confirm the position of the interlock cam, and to determine the direction in which the interlock cam is rotated in order to move the pusher of the conduit to be clamped next.
[0020]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
Example 1
1. Configuration and operation of automatic liquid supply / drainage device for peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention when used in an automatic peritoneal dialysis device In FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid opening 1 of the semispherical upper lid 3 has a diameter of 5 mm and a semispherical shape. The gas opening 5 of the lower lid 6 has a diameter of 4 mm. The maximum diameter portion of the chamber 2 formed by the upper lid 3 and the lower lid 6 is 76 mm, and the capacity is 50 cc. The upper lid 3 and the lower lid 6 are formed of a hard transparent plastic such as polycarbonate, vinyl chloride resin, or polypropylene. Further, the peripheral ends of the lids 3 and 6 are formed with flanges 7 formed outward, the peripheral ends of the diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 are sandwiched between the flanges 7, and both the lids The part 7 is fixed inseparably by insert molding.
[0021]
One end of the branch tube 11 connected to the gas opening 5 is connected to an air cylinder having a capacity of 100 cc, and the other end is connected to an air pressure sensor 10. The air cylinder 8 having a capacity of 100 cc is used as a driving pump and a metering means, and the diaphragm (diaphragm) 4 in the chamber 2 is turned upside down by the reciprocating motion of the air cylinder 8 so that the dialysate or the abdominal cavity of the patient It is possible to measure the drained liquid into the chamber 2 or discharge the liquid sucked into the chamber 2 quantitatively.
[0022]
2. The dialysate or the drainage fluid from the patient's abdominal cavity is measured by the automatic fluid supply / drainage device for the peritoneal dialysis device, and the amount of the drainage can be measured by measuring an integral multiple of the volume of the chamber 2. That is, in the case of the chamber 2 of this embodiment, the measurement is performed as follows according to the number of reciprocations of the 50 cc · air cylinder.
An optical encoder 9 that detects the position of the tip of the piston 82 of the air cylinder 8 is provided as a position detection sensor in the vicinity of the outer cylinder portion of the air cylinder 8 . When the tip position L of the piston 82 of the air cylinder 8 detected by the optical encoder 9 is L0 where the cylinder of the air cylinder 8 is fully pulled as shown in FIG. 1, the inside of the chamber 2 is filled with dialysate. In the case where L is L1, which is the position where the cylinder of the air cylinder 8 is fully pushed as shown in FIG. 2, the dialysate is discharged from the chamber 2 and the air is filled. Can be determined.
[0023]
Further, when L is L ₀ , it is determined that the chamber 2 is filled with dialysate when P ₀ further satisfies the following requirements, and when L is L ₁ , P It is safer and more accurate to judge that the dialysate is discharged from the chamber 2 and the air is filled when ₁ satisfies the following requirements.
[Expression 1]
K _A <P ₀ ≦ K _B
K _C ≦ P ₁ ≦ K _D
The condition K _A is not able to liquid takes negative pressure suction in the chamber, i.e., the circuit of the manifold side of the chamber 2 (i.e. liquid side circuit) within or occlusion, or the retentate of the abdominal cavity is discharged intraperitoneally This is a pressure regulation value for determining whether the state is empty or the like, and K _B and K _C are that the diaphragm (diaphragm) is in complete contact with the chamber (however, the chamber, diaphragm or This is a pressure regulation value for determining whether there is any breakage in the entire circuit and no leakage, and there is only a difference that K _B is a negative pressure and K _C is a positive pressure. _The K _D in a state of suffering of positive pressure back into the chamber and K _A, which is the pressure prescribed value for determining that it is ready to somewhere in the entire circuit is closed.
The K _A is usually about −2.5 to −1.5 kgf / cm ² , the K _B is usually −0.7 to −1.0 kgf / cm ² , and the K _C is usually +1.2 to +1.8 kgf / cm ^2. and _the K _D is typically + 2.0~ + 2.5kgf / cm ² approximately. The absolute value of the lower limit of the K _A and _the K _D is obtained by assuming the pressure exerted on the patient line, smaller negative pressure than the other lines, is set to be a positive pressure.
[0024]
【effect】
1. The liquid automatic supply / discharge device for the peritoneal dialysis device according to the present invention is a load on the living body because the liquid is firstly injected and discharged quantitatively and aseptically by a chamber provided with a diaphragm (diaphragm). While preventing excessive injection and discharge (suction), it is possible to inject and discharge an accurate amount of dialysis fluid or staying fluid. Therefore, it is safe and less likely to infect the living body, and liquid can be fed even when a drop cannot be taken because the liquid is quantitatively injected and discharged by the stroke of the cylinder and piston. .
2. Since the liquid automatic supply / discharge device for the peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention is a metering pump, when the automatic peritoneal dialysis device is set up, the liquid supply / discharge device can be used without measuring the weight of the supplied dialysate or the discharged retained fluid. The amount of liquid delivered can be quantified by counting the number of times measured and measuring the position of the piston with a position detection sensor. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an expensive load cell for weight measurement.
3. The automatic peritoneal dialysis machine equipped with the automatic liquid supply / drainage device of the present invention simply sets up the dialysis circuit in the automatic peritoneal dialysis device, and then this device automatically selects the flow path and closes / opens it. Performs almost all operations associated with liquid exchange such as liquid measurement, heating, injection, draining, and priming (filling the inside of the conduit with liquid). New patients can be saved from accidents caused by contamination and misoperation, reducing the burden of manipulating the procedure.
[0025]
4). In addition to the automatic fluid supply / discharge device for the peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the present invention, any number of conduits can be opened by rotating only the rotation shaft of the conduit opening / closing means comprising a plurality of interlocking cams and pushers attached to each conduit. In addition to the above-described effect, the opening / closing means that can be opened is used in the peritoneal automatic dialysis apparatus, so that the apparatus that controls the opening / closing means attached to the conduit more easily controls the opening / closing of the conduit than in the case of individual use. Therefore, the entire structure of the automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus becomes relatively simple, and the cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of one embodiment of a liquid automatic supply / discharge device for a peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention (a state in which dialysate is sucked into a chamber 2).
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of the automatic liquid supply / discharge device for the peritoneal dialysis device of the present invention (the state in which dialysate is discharged from the chamber 2).
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an automatic peritoneal dialysis device system using the liquid automatic supply / discharge device for the peritoneal dialysis device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is a view showing an embodiment of a conduit opening / closing means arranged on the rotating shaft of the automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a conduit opening / closing means composed of an interlocking cam and a pusher mounted on a rotating shaft, and an open state and a closed state of the conduit by the opening / closing means.
(A) The open state of the conduit is shown.
(B) The closed state of the conduit is shown.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid opening part 2 Chamber 3 Chamber upper cover 4 Diaphragm (diaphragm)
5 Gas opening 6 Chamber lower lid 7 鍔 8 Air cylinder
81 Air cylinder outer cylinder
82 Air cylinder piston 9 Optical encoder 10 Pneumatic sensor 11 Branch tube 12 Temperature sensor 13 Air valve 14 Tube 15 First dialysate container 16 Conduit 17 Manifold 18 Conduit 19 Second dialysate container 20 Conduit 21 Reservoir 22 Heating means 23 Conduit 24 Patient 25 Conduit 26 Drainage container 27 Rotating shaft 28 Interlocking cam 29 Pusher receiving member 30 Tube 31 Pusher 1K Conduit opening / closing means 2K Conduit opening / closing means 3K Conduit opening / closing means 4K Conduit opening / closing means 5K Conduit opening / closing means
The leading position of the cylinder when the L ₀ air cylinder is fully pulled
The head position of the cylinder in the case of the L ₁ of the air cylinder cylinder press eyes full
P ₀ pressure that has been detected by the pressure sensor in the case where the air cylinder cylinder caught the eye full
The pressure that has been detected by the pressure sensor in the case where the P ₁ of the air cylinder cylinder press eyes full

Claims (3)

An opening (hereinafter also referred to as a gas opening) through which gas can be introduced or discharged as means for sucking and delivering peritoneal dialysate and drainage from the patient's abdominal cavity and an opening (hereinafter referred to as liquid) And a diaphragm (diaphragm) provided so as to partition the chamber into two chambers, a chamber having a gas opening and a chamber having a liquid opening, and the gas opening. The diaphragm (diaphragm) is reversed to the gas opening side by sucking the gas in the chamber from the part, and the liquid is sucked into the chamber, and the diaphragm is introduced by introducing the gas into the chamber from the gas opening part. Automatic liquid supply / discharge means in which the (diaphragm) is reversed to the liquid opening side and the liquid is discharged from the chamber, and air drive means of the automatic liquid supply / discharge means To scale-ordered air cylinder to the position drawn eyes full the piston into the cylinder (L ₀₎ and eyes full press position (L ₁₎ while being configured with a cylinder and a piston, the distal end of the piston position detection light sensor for sensing the position, air flow path between the liquid automatic sheet discharge means and liquid automatic sheet discharge unit, and consists of the installed pressure sensor to the air flow passage, and the end position of the piston The liquid automatic for the peritoneal dialysis machine is characterized in that the operation of the automatic liquid supply / discharge means is controlled based on the pressure value obtained by the pressure sensor only when it is at the L ₀ and L ₁ positions sensed by the optical sensor. Supply / discharge device.   One or a plurality of dialysis containers, a peritoneal catheter inserted into the peritoneal cavity of the patient's abdominal cavity or an extension tube connected thereto, a storage container for storing the dialysate before injecting the dialysate into the patient's abdominal cavity, and patient A drainage container for the peritoneal dialysis apparatus and the automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus liquid supply / drainage apparatus according to claim 1 connected by a multi-branch conduit (manifold). Peritoneal dialysis machine. 3. The automatic peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 2, wherein the conduit opening / closing device for transporting the peritoneal dialysis solution or the drainage fluid from the abdominal cavity of the patient satisfies the following requirements (1) to (4).
(1) The conduit opening / closing means is a combination of an interlocking cam and a pusher, and is the same as the number of the conduits;
(2) The conduit opening / closing means is mounted on a rotating shaft,
(3) The number of rotating shafts is smaller than the number of conduit opening / closing means, and (4) an arbitrary number of conduits can be opened by rotation of the rotating shaft.

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