JP3976556B2 - Wire saw - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wire saw that moves and cuts a wire to which an abrasive solution is attached while pressing the wire against a workpiece.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Wire saws are used as devices for cutting various bar-shaped workpieces such as magnetic materials, semiconductor materials, and ceramic materials. In this wire saw, a wire that moves while repeating advancing and retreating between a pair of main rolls is wound many times at equal intervals, and the abrasive liquid is supplied toward the surface of the wires arranged at equal intervals. Abrasive grains dispersed in the abrasive fluid are attached to the wire, and the wire is moved while pressing the wire to which the abrasive grains are attached to the workpiece, thereby cutting the workpiece into a number of plates at once. It has become.
[0003]
In a conventional wire saw, a supply nozzle that opens over the entire length of the workpiece is installed on the wire row immediately before entering the workpiece, and the abrasive fluid flows down from the supply nozzle onto the wire, so that the workpiece can be cut into the cutting position. Abrasive grains are supplied. In this case, in order to obtain high processing efficiency and high cutting accuracy, it is necessary to sufficiently attach abrasive grains to the surface of a large number of wires. Therefore, a device has been devised in which the abrasive grains are mixed with a liquid medium made of oil having a relatively high viscosity to form an abrasive liquid and easily adhere to the wire surface. In addition, in order to supply the abrasive liquid uniformly over the entire length of the wire, supply nozzles composed of a single pipe whose diameter increases downstream from the inlet of the abrasive liquid, and a combination of pipes with different diameters are combined. By using the nozzle, it is devised so that the abrasive liquid can be supplied uniformly over the entire width of the supply nozzle.
[0004]
The chips adhering to the wire surface by cutting the workpiece are continuously washed away with the abrasive liquid. Further, the chips washed away from the wire surface flow down together with the abrasive liquid and are collected in a receiving container.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional wire saw, the supply nozzle is blocked in a short time due to fine powder generated by cutting and grinding waste (swarf and sludge), and the amount of abrasive grains adhering to the wire is not uniform over the entire length of the workpiece. There are problems that the thickness of the workpiece changes and the roughness of the cut surface of the workpiece becomes rough. In addition, when the supply nozzle is blocked, the abrasive liquid is supplied onto the wire and the wire is cut, so that there is a problem in that cutting cannot be performed for a long time.
[0006]
Further, in the conventional method in which the abrasive liquid flows down from the supply nozzle directly above the wire, the abrasive grains adhere only to the wire only by the surface tension of the abrasive liquid, and most of the abrasive grains fall off the wire. The degree of adhesion varies greatly depending on the viscosity of the abrasive liquid and the amount supplied from the supply nozzle. And the abrasive fluid used for long-time cutting processing stays in the horizontal piping part etc. when the wire saw operation is stopped due to the deterioration of the fluidity due to the increase of the amount of chips, and the abrasive grains in the piping Will harden and become clogged. Furthermore, the hardened abrasive grains block the opening of the supply nozzle, causing more wire breakage.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a wire saw that can cut a workpiece satisfactorily for a long time.
[0008]
[Means for solving the problems]
In order to achieve this object, in the present invention, the wire is pressed in the axial direction while pressing the wire against the workpiece and interposing an abrasive liquid in which the abrasive grains are dispersed in the dispersion basket between the workpiece and the wire. A wire saw that cuts a workpiece by moving the polishing fluid, wherein the flow of the abrasive liquid is formed, and the wire is configured to move below the surface of the abrasive liquid in which the flow is formed. It is a feature.
[0009]
The wire saw continuously overflows the abrasive liquid from the upper surface opening of the container by continuously supplying the abrasive liquid to the container, and the wire moves below the surface of the overflowed abrasive liquid. It is configured as follows. In this case, a high place and a low place are provided at the upper end of the side surface of the container so that the abrasive liquid overflows in the low place. In addition, a pair of main rolls for guiding the wire to move horizontally in the upper surface opening of the container are disposed on both sides of the container, and the low portion is below the wire moving between the main rolls. The upper end of the peripheral surface of these main rolls is set at a position higher than the low place and lower than the high place. The container has a shape in which the upper surface is open and the four sides and the bottom are closed, and the upper ends of the front and rear sides and the upper ends of the left and right sides of the container are both horizontal, but the upper ends of the front and rear sides are left and right. is formed to be higher than the upper end of the side surface, said main roll, outside the left and right sides of the container, is arranged across the container so as to parallel to each other, are continuously fed into the container The abrasive liquid continuously flows down to the left and right outer sides of the container over the upper ends of the left and right side surfaces at the upper opening of the container. In addition , an abrasive liquid supply port is formed on the front and rear side surfaces, and the abrasive liquid continuously supplied into the container from the supply port continuously overflows from the upper surface opening of the container.
[0010]
Note that pressing the wire to the workpiece, while interposing a polishing liquid obtained by dispersing abrasive grains dispersed soot between the workpiece and the wire, by moving the wire in the axial direction A method for cutting a workpiece, A flow of the abrasive liquid is formed, and the wire is pressed against the workpiece while moving under the liquid surface of the abrasive liquid in which the flow is formed.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part of a wire saw 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
[0012]
In the wire saw 1, a pair of main rolls 11 and 12 are disposed on the left and right sides of the container 10 to which the abrasive liquid a is supplied, and a drive roll 13 is disposed below the container 10. A single wire 15 is wound around the main rolls 11 and 12 and the drive roll 13 over several turns, and the wire 15 moves while repeating the forward and backward movements as the main rolls 11 and 12 and the drive roll 13 rotate. It is supposed to be. For example, a metal wire having a wire diameter of 0.06 to 1.2 mm can be used as the wire 15. As an example of the actual wire 15, a steel wire, a piano wire, a stainless steel wire, or the like can be used, and those subjected to surface treatment such as brass plating or copper plating can also be used. Further, outside the main rolls 11 and 12 and the drive roll 13, a supply reel and a take-up reel (not shown) are arranged, and the wire 15 fed out from the supply reel is connected to the main rolls 11 and 12 and the drive roll 13. It moves forward and backward while being wound over several laps, and is wound on a take-up reel.
[0013]
The wire 15 is wound around the main rolls 11 and 12 and the drive roll 13 over several turns. As can be understood from FIG. 2, the front-rear width of the container 10 is wound around the main rolls 11 and 12. The winding width of the wire 15 is longer. Thereby, between the main roll 11 and the main roll 12, many wires 15 move, maintaining a parallel state at predetermined equal intervals. Although not shown, guide grooves and the like are appropriately formed on the peripheral surfaces of the main rolls 11 and 12 in order to keep the wire 15 in a parallel state.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 3, the container 10 has a shape in which the top surface is opened and the four side surfaces 20, 21, 22, 23 and the bottom surface 24 are closed. A supply port 25 for the abrasive liquid a is formed in the front and rear side surfaces 20 and 22, and the abrasive liquid a continuously supplied from the supply port 25 into the container 10 is continuously supplied from the upper surface opening of the container 10. It has come to overflow. In this case, as the abrasive liquid a, one obtained by dispersing one or more kinds of abrasive grains of silicon carbide, alumina, diamond in oil is used. The viscosity of the abrasive fluid a is, for example, 10 to 1000 mPa · s.
[0015]
In the illustrated example, the upper ends 20 ′ and 22 ′ of the front and rear side surfaces 20 and 22 of the container 10 and the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′ of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 of the container 10 are both horizontal. The upper ends 20 ′ and 22 ′ of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 are formed to be higher than the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′. That is, the upper ends 20 ′ and 22 ′ of the front and rear side surfaces 20 and 22 of the container 10 are formed at high places, and the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′ of the left and right side faces 21 and 23 of the container 10 are formed at low places.
[0016]
As described above, the upper ends 20 'and 22' of the front and rear side surfaces 20 and 22 of the container 10 are high and the upper ends 21 'and 23' of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 are low as described above. As shown in FIG. 4, the abrasive fluid a continuously supplied from the supply port 25 into the container 10 passes over the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′ of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 at the upper surface opening of the container 10, It will flow continuously to the left and right outside of the container 10. In this case, the liquid level a ′ of the abrasive liquid a at the upper surface opening of the container 10 is higher than the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′ of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 of the container 10.
[0017]
The above-mentioned main rolls 11 and 12 are both horizontal, and the main rolls 11 and 12 are arranged outside the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 of the container 10 so as to be parallel to each other. . The upper end portions of the peripheral surfaces of the main rolls 11 and 12 are higher than the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′ (low places) of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23, and the upper ends 20 ′ and 22 ′ (high positions) of the front and rear side surfaces 20 and 22 of the container 10. Is set at a lower position than Thus, as described above, the wire 15 that translates between the main rolls 11 and 12 at a predetermined equidistant state has the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′ of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 at the upper surface opening of the container 10. ) At a position lower than the upper ends 20 ′, 22 ′ (high place) of the front and rear side surfaces 20, 22 of the container 10. Further, in this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the wire 15 that moves in parallel is located at a position lower than the liquid surface a ′ of the abrasive liquid a formed at the upper surface opening of the container 10. (That is, higher than the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 ′ (lower part) of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23, and the upper ends 20 ′ and 22 ′ of the front and rear side surfaces 20 and 22). Adjust the supply amount of the abrasive liquid a that is continuously supplied from the supply port 25 into the container 10 so that the wire 15 located at a lower position is below the liquid level a ′ of the abrasive liquid a. )
[0018]
A workpiece W is supported above the container 10 by an elevating mechanism 30. Examples of the workpiece W include a rectangular parallelepiped magnetic material. Then, the work W is lowered by the operation of the elevating mechanism 30, and the lower surface side of the work W is pressed from above onto the wire 15 stretched in parallel between the main rolls 11 and 12 at equal intervals. Yes.
[0019]
Now, in the wire saw 1 configured as described above, the abrasive fluid a is continuously supplied from the supply port 25 into the container 10, and the upper ends 21 ′ and 23 of the left and right side surfaces 21 and 23 at the upper surface opening of the container 10. Overcoming ', the abrasive liquid a continuously overflows from the left and right outer sides of the container 10. Then, the wire 15 wound in parallel between the main rolls 11 and 12 at a predetermined equal interval is placed at a position lower than the liquid level a ′ of the abrasive liquid a formed in the upper surface opening of the container 10. In a state in which the wire 15 is supplied (that is, in a state where the supply amount of the abrasive liquid a continuously supplied from the supply port 25 into the container 10 is adjusted so that the wire 15 is below the liquid level a ′ of the abrasive liquid a) Move 15 back and forth. Then, the work W is lowered by the operation of the lifting mechanism 30, and the lower surface side of the work W is pressed from above onto the wire 15 that is parallelly moved between the main rolls 11 and 12 at equal intervals. Thereby, the workpiece | work W can be cut | disconnected to many thin plates.
[0020]
Therefore, according to the wire saw 1 of this embodiment, since the workpiece W is pressed against the wire 15 moving under the liquid surface a ′ of the abrasive liquid a, cutting can be performed in the abrasive liquid a. It becomes possible. Therefore, a long time over it is possible to interpose the polishing solution a sufficient amount during the cutting portion and the wire 15 of the workpiece W, there is no disconnection of the wire 15 by the abrasive liquid a breakage, having good cutting surfaces Flakes can be obtained.
[0021]
As mentioned above, although an example of preferable embodiment of this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to the form shown here. For example, the abrasive liquid a overflowing from the container 10 may be collected by a drain pan or the like and supplied to the container 10 again by an appropriate circulation circuit. In this case, if the chips are removed using a magnetic filter or the like before being supplied to the container 10 again, a longer-term cutting operation can be performed. In addition, it is recommended to clean the magnet filter regularly.
[0022]
The wire saw of the present invention is effective when used, for example, for cutting sintered rare earth magnet alloys. Sintered rare earth magnet alloys are very hard with a hardness of Hv 500 to 1000 and have a structure in which hard magnetic crystal grains are dispersed in the grain boundary layer. It is easy to chip and has so-called hard and brittle properties. When cutting a workpiece made of such a sintered rare earth magnet alloy, for example, when cutting hard magnetic crystal grains using an outer peripheral blade, wear of the cutting edge is unavoidable, and the crystal grains also fall off. , It is easy to induce cracking. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the abrasive fluid containing abrasive grains is stably interposed between the workpiece and the wire by pressing the wire against the workpiece in the abrasive fluid in which the abrasive fluid flow is formed and cutting the workpiece. Even when a sintered rare earth magnet alloy having the above hard and brittle properties is used as a workpiece, a cut piece with a very smooth cut surface can be obtained.
[0023]
【Example】
A workpiece made of a plate-shaped sintered body of 30 mm long x 8 mm outer diameter made of a magnetic alloy, and a linear 0.18 mm steel wire (with brass plating on the surface) and silicon carbide-based abrasive grains in mineral oil A cutting test was performed under the condition of slice thickness: 1.0 mm using the dispersed abrasive liquid. The cutting time was set to approximately 3 hours, and the cutting surface of the obtained cut piece was obtained as a result of cutting while cooling so that the temperature of the abrasive liquid in the container was maintained between 25 ° C. and 30 ° C. during cutting. It was very smooth and saw marks and notches were not seen.
[0024]
On the other hand, about the comparative example, it implemented similarly to the said Example except having supplied the abrasive liquid using the nozzle of the double tube structure. As a result, the wire broke during cutting. In addition, saw marks parallel to the wire traveling direction were found on the surface of the cut piece before breaking, and the occurrence was often observed in workpieces located at a distance from the supply nozzle.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by cutting the workpiece in the abrasive liquid, a sufficient amount of abrasive grains can be supplied between the workpiece and the wire for a long time. As a result, the continuous operation time can be prolonged by preventing wire breakage, and the surface state of the workpiece cutting piece can be maintained in a uniform and good state, which can greatly contribute to the improvement of wire saw cutting productivity. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part of a wire saw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a container.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the wire moves below the surface of the abrasive liquid formed in the upper surface opening of the container.
[Explanation of symbols]
a abrasive liquid 1 wire saw 10 container 11, 12 main roll 13 drive roll 15 wire 20, 21, 22, 23 side 20 ', 21', 22 ', 23' upper end 24 bottom 25 supply port 30 elevating mechanism

Claims (2)

A wire saw that cuts a workpiece by moving the wire in the axial direction while pressing the wire against the workpiece and interposing an abrasive liquid in which the abrasive grains are dispersed in a dispersion basket between the workpiece and the wire.
A flow of the abrasive liquid is formed, and the wire is configured to move below the surface of the abrasive liquid in which the flow is formed;
By continuing to supply the abrasive liquid to the container, the abrasive liquid continuously overflows from the opening on the upper surface of the container, and the wire moves below the surface of the overflowed abrasive liquid. ,
Provide a high place and a low place on the upper side of the side of the container, so that the abrasive liquid overflows in the low place,
A pair of main rolls for guiding the wire to move horizontally in the upper surface opening of the container are disposed on both sides of the container, and the low position is below the wire moving between the main rolls. The upper end of the peripheral surface of these main rolls is set at a position higher than the low place and lower than the high place ,
The container has a shape in which the top surface is open and the four sides and the bottom are closed.
The upper end of the front and rear side surfaces and the upper end of the left and right side surfaces of the container are both horizontal, but the upper end of the front and rear side surfaces is formed to be higher than the upper end of the left and right side surfaces,
The main roll is arranged outside the left and right side surfaces of the container so as to be parallel to each other,
The abrasive liquid continuously supplied into the container passes over the upper ends of the left and right side surfaces at the upper surface opening of the container and continuously flows down to the left and right outer sides of the container.
The front and rear side surfaces are provided with an abrasive liquid supply port, and the abrasive liquid continuously supplied into the container from the supply port continuously overflows from the upper surface opening of the container. Wire saw. The wire saw according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece is a sintered rare earth magnet alloy.

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