JP3973577B2 - Bridge, bridge structure and bridge construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bridge, a bridge structure constituting the bridge, and a method for constructing the bridge.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are roughly four types of construction methods for general bridges. There are steel girder bridges made of steel, PC bridges made of PC steel and reinforced concrete, RC bridges made of reinforced concrete, and pre-beam bridges.
[0003]
With reference to FIG. 9, an outline of a conventional bridge construction method and configuration will be described.
[0004]
That is, as can be understood from FIG. 9 (A), steel girder bridges are made of steel at the factory, and after the girder is manufactured and transported to the bridge erection site by the trailer, the girder is bent at the erection site. It is constructed while entrusting each temporary block to the temporary material.
[0005]
Moreover, as understood from FIG. 9B, the PC bridge made of PC steel and reinforced concrete is a construction method in which a product manufactured near the factory or near the site is constructed with a crane or the like.
[0006]
As can be understood from FIG. 9C, the RC bridge is a construction method in which a formwork is assembled at a construction site and a reinforcing bar and concrete are placed and constructed.
[0007]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9 (D), the pre-beam bridge is assembled at the factory with a formwork specializing in floor slab production, and steel bars are incorporated into it, and concrete is poured into it, and until it hardens. It is a construction method that is completed by removing the formwork after curing for ˜28 days, and then erected with a crane or the like after being transported to the site.
[0008]
Although these construction methods all have less burden on the construction work days, the number of work to be performed on the site is increased, and the transportation work is carried to transport the concrete injected at the factory to the site. Even its weight is inefficient, costly and time consuming, and production requires a specialized large factory and requires equipment.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, facilitate transportation and construction work, have a short construction period, have low production and construction costs, and have high rigidity and earthquake resistance, and further high durability. The present invention provides a bridge provided with a bridge structure, a bridge structure constituting the bridge, and a method of constructing the bridge.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention adopts a basic technical configuration as described below.
[0011]
That is, the first aspect of the present invention is formed between the hollow outer frame and the hollow inner frame that are concentrically arranged between the outer frame and the inner frame. A hollow bridge structure composed of a plurality of reinforcing bars arranged in the first space, wherein at least a part of the reinforcing bars in the hollow bridge structure is the outer frame. The hollow bridge structure is prevented from being deformed in the second space formed by the inner frame and fixed to a part of the inner wall of the body or the outer wall of the inner frame. A truss structure is inserted, and the truss structure is a hollow bridge structure characterized in that the truss structure is closely fixed to the inner wall surface of the inner frame. As a second aspect, a plurality of hollow bridge structures described above are connected. Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, a step of transporting a plurality of the above-described hollow bridge structures to the bridge erection site, the bridge erection site, Then, after connecting a predetermined number of the hollow bridge structures in series with each other, the plurality of connected hollow bridge structures are installed on the abutment or the pier, or the predetermined number of the hollow bridge structures are mounted. A step of installing the hollow bridge structure on an abutment or a pier, and connecting them in series; and a step of injecting concrete into the first space of each of the hollow bridge structures; It is a construction method of the bridge structure comprised from.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Since the bridge structure, the bridge and the bridge construction method according to the present invention adopt the above-described technical configuration, basically the main structure has a structure manufactured in a factory. Unlike conventional bridges, on-site man-hours can be kept low, which not only reduces costs, but the steel formwork prevents the deterioration of concrete. It is possible to prevent it forever.
[0013]
Furthermore, since it is possible to easily carry the bridge and perform the construction work, the construction period and construction cost can be greatly reduced.
[0014]
【Example】
Several specific examples of the bridge structure, the bridge, and the construction method of the bridge according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
That is, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a specific example of the hollow bridge structure 1 according to the present invention. In the drawing, the hollow outer frame 2 and the hollow frame 2 arranged concentrically with each other. Hollow inner frame 3 and a plurality of reinforcing bars 5 arranged in first space 4 formed between outer frame 2 and inner frame 3. It is a bridge structure 1, and at least a part of the reinforcing bar 5 in the hollow bridge structure 1 is fixed to a part of the outer frame 2 or the inner frame 3, and the A hollow bridge structure 1 in which a truss structure 8 for preventing deformation of the hollow bridge structure 1 is inserted is shown in the second space 7 formed by the inner frame 3. Yes.
[0016]
Furthermore, in the hollow bridge structure 1 according to the present invention, the rebar 5 is in the first space 4 formed between the outer frame 2 and the inner frame 3. It is preferable that the layers are arranged so as to form a plurality of layers.
[0017]
The reinforcing bars 5 are preferably fixed and held at predetermined intervals on the wall surfaces of the outer frame body 2 and the inner frame body 3 through appropriate reinforcing bar holding means 6.
[0018]
On the other hand, it is preferable that the reinforcing bars 5 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other in a direction coinciding with the longitudinal direction of the hollow bridge structure 1 and, if necessary, as shown in FIG. Reinforcement windings 50 (hoop or power distribution bars) arranged in a direction intersecting the arrangement direction of the reinforcing bars 5 so as to surround the outer peripheral portion of the reinforcing bar group 5 in the layer arranged on the outside of 5. It is also desirable to be provided.
[0019]
On the other hand, in the present invention, an opening 20 is provided in a part of the outer frame 2 in the hollow bridge structure 1, and the opening 20 is described later. In addition, it is used for pouring concrete into the first space portion 4.
[0020]
The opening 20 is preferably provided on the upper surface of the outer frame 2 in the hollow bridge structure 1, that is, on the surface on which the floor slab is directly placed during the bridge construction. The shape (for example, a long continuous opening or a plurality of individually independent small openings), the number, etc. can be arbitrarily set.
[0021]
Further, in the hollow bridge structure 1 according to the present invention, an appropriate spacer member 9 is provided so that a predetermined gap is formed between the outer frame 2 and the inner frame 3. It is desirable to be fixed via
[0022]
The gap between the outer frame body 2 and the inner frame body 3 is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of the strength required for the bridge, and of the reinforcing bars arranged in the first space portion. It can be determined in consideration of the number or density.
[0023]
Further, the outer frame body 2 and the inner frame body 3 in the present invention are both configured to have similar shapes with different dimensions, and are arranged so that their centers are concentric. .
[0024]
Furthermore, the outer frame 2 and the inner frame 3 in the present invention may each have a similar rectangular shape, or may be a polygon including a trapezoid, a triangle, or the like. Alternatively, it may be circular or elliptical.
[0025]
On the other hand, the outer frame 2 or the inner frame 3 in the hollow bridge structure 1 in the present invention is a plastic composite containing a fiber material such as a steel material, a metal material, a plastic material, or carbon fiber ( FRP) or a single material selected from wood or the like is desirable.
[0026]
In the present invention, the structure of the truss structure 8 inserted into the second space 7 of the hollow bridge structure 1 is not particularly limited, and the hollow bridge structure is not limited. Any structure may be used as long as it has a function sufficient to prevent the deformation of 1.
[0027]
1 and 2 show, as an example, a truss structure body 8 including four main frame body portions 11 and a beam 12 disposed therebetween.
[0028]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the end portion 51 of the reinforcing bar 5 in the hollow bridge structure 1 projects outward from the edge portions of the outer frame body 2 and the inner frame body 3. It is desirable that the protruding portions 51 of the reinforcing bars 5 are formed so as to overlap each other when a plurality of the hollow bridge structures 1 are arranged adjacent to each other. When the bridge structure 1 is fixed, the protrusions 51 of the reinforcing bars 5 that are arranged in an overlapping manner are firmly fixedly connected by an appropriate fixing member 52.
[0029]
As is clear from the above description, in the hollow bridge structure 1 according to the present invention, for example, the rectangular structures 2 and 3 of reinforcing steel, steel, and steel mold, For example, the outer periphery is formed by a steel mold 2 made of iron iron, and the reinforcing bars 5 are arranged in a rectangular shape in two upper and lower stages inside the structure 1, and the upper and lower reinforcing bars are made of steel. It is fixed by a metal fitting 6. Inside the upper rebar, lower rebar, and steel fitting 6, a steel inner mold 3 made of iron iron is formed in a rectangular cross section, and further inside the inner mold is a steel pipe, steel, iron A truss structure body 8 formed of scissors or the like is a structure body that is arranged and integrated.
[0030]
If the hollow bridge structure 1 of the present invention, the bridge, and the method of installing the bridge are described in more detail, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a specific example of the bridge structure 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the bridge structure 1 is placed on the upper part of the external abutment 30 via an appropriate support 31 and is installed as a bridge.
[0031]
In addition, 32 in FIG. 5 shows the floor board which has a suitable structure.
[0032]
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a specific example when the floor board 32 is arranged on the hollow bridge structure 1.
[0033]
The structure of the bridge structure 1 shows that the upper and lower rebars are fixed inside the steel mold 2 by the steel mold fitting 6, and the steel inner mold made of iron iron. 3 is configured by a rectangular cross section, and a truss structure 8 of steel pipe, shape steel, and iron iron is shown on the inner side 7 of the inner mold 3.
[0034]
In the first space region 4 formed in the bridge structure 1 according to the present invention, concrete is poured in a subsequent process.
[0035]
In addition, all the bridge structures 1 in the present invention are manufactured at a factory or outside the bridge site.
[0036]
Here, if an example of the bridge erection method according to the present invention is described with reference to FIG. 6, first, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), an individual hollow bridge structure manufactured in a factory or the like. 1 is transported to the site by a truck 22 or the like, and is erected by a crane or the like after completion of construction.
[0037]
However, as a process before the bridge structure 1 is installed, it is assumed that the abutment or the pier 30 has already been constructed.
[0038]
Therefore, the unit length of the hollow bridge structure 1 in the present invention is preferably a length that can be mounted on the track or the like.
[0039]
When the plurality of hollow bridge structures 1 are connected in series to form the connection portion 60, as shown in FIG. 7, the end of the reinforcing bar 5 in the hollow bridge structure 1 is formed. When the portion 51 is protruded outward from the edge portions of the outer frame body 2 and the inner frame body 3 and the adjacent hollow bridge structures 1 are joined to each other, the protruding portion of the reinforcing bar 5 51 are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the protruding portions 51 of the reinforcing bars 5 arranged in an overlapping manner are firmly fixedly connected by an appropriate fixing member 52.
[0040]
Finally, the connecting portion between the reinforcing bars 5 is configured to be covered with a covering 53 having an appropriate width so that a part of the outer frame 2 and a part thereof overlap.
[0041]
When forming the connection portion 60, the truss structure portion 8 in each hollow bridge structure 1 is also connected to the adjacent truss structure portion of the hollow bridge structure 1 through appropriate connection means. It is desirable that they are connected to each other.
[0042]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, the bridge structure 1 is laid on a pier or an abutment 30 using a crane or the like after being laid in a predetermined order to a predetermined length.
[0043]
In addition, it is also possible to provide the auxiliary pier or the abutment 31 which can be removed in the future between the said pier or the abutment 30 during the said work process.
[0044]
Next, in the present invention, when the work of connecting the plurality of adjacent hollow bridge structures 1 in series is completed, as shown in FIG. Concrete is poured into the space part 4 of the bridge, and the bridge girder is completed after a curing period.
[0045]
Further, in the present invention, each of the hollow bridge structures 1 is mounted and arranged in advance using a crane or the like between the pier or the abutment 30 including the auxiliary pier or the abutment 31, After the connection operation between the hollow bridge structures 1 described above is executed on the pier or the abutment 30, the concrete is poured into the first space part region 4 of the bridge structure 1. Also good.
[0046]
On the other hand, an example of a manufacturing method of the bridge structure 1 according to the present invention will be described.
[0047]
In the present invention, the outer frame body 2 and the inner frame body 3 are present, and the material thereof is not particularly limited, but may be a metal material, plastic, ceramics, fiber reinforced plastic. Materials such as aluminum, stainless steel, and carbon fiber composite are also selected depending on the situation.
[0048]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, a truss structure body 8 is arranged in the second space 7 inside the inner mold body 3. The cross-sectional shape of the truss structure 8 is formed so as to conform to the cross-sectional shape of the second space portion. For example, a space between the four long main frame bodies 11 and the main frame body 11 is formed. The beam portion 12 is attached obliquely via an attachment member 13 provided on the main frame.
[0049]
The truss structure 8 according to the present invention has an effect of supporting the entire weight of the structure 1 by its rigidity and supporting the load applied by the concrete until the concrete is solidified.
[0050]
Further, it is preferable that the truss structure body 8 is fixed to the inner mold body 3 and the appropriate fixing portion 15 by welding, for example.
[0051]
Each member of the truss structure 8 in the present invention is preferably made of steel, but the material such as plastic, ceramics, aluminum, stainless steel, carbon fiber, etc. is also selected depending on the situation.
[0052]
Further, as described above, the upper rebar 5-1 and the lower rebar 5-2 are respectively joined to the outer frame body 2 and the inner frame body 3 via appropriate reinforcing bar holding members 6, respectively. ing.
[0053]
In the present invention, what is most characteristic is that the truss structure 8 is arranged in the second space portion region 7 in the inner mold body, because the rigidity of the truss structure 8 While supporting the total weight of the structure 1, the effect of supporting the load until the concrete is solidified is applied. As a result, the construction process is greatly shortened and the construction cost is reduced.
[0054]
Furthermore, in the bridge structure 1 included in the present invention, in order to improve the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the main body of the bridge girder structure 1, it is also desirable to incorporate a PC steel rod.
[0055]
The other specific example of the enforcement method of the said bridge structure 1 which concerns on this invention is shown by FIG.6 (E) to FIG.6 (G).
[0056]
That is, as another specific example in the present invention, there is a method in which after the structure 1 is installed, the floor slab structure 32 is installed and the concrete is placed integrally.
[0057]
Moreover, it is desirable that the concrete placed in the bridge structure 1 according to the present invention is uniformly placed in the structure 1. Moreover, it is desirable that the concrete cast in the bridge structure 1 according to the present invention does not leak to the lower part.
[0058]
Next, another specific example of the construction method of the bridge according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0059]
First, at a factory or construction site where the bridge structure 1 is manufactured, a plurality of bridge structures 1 are loaded onto a truck 22 and carried to the site, and the bridge structures 1 are sequentially landed one by one with a crane or the like. Make a pair.
[0060]
The ends of the bridge structure 1 are connected to each other by bolts, on-site welding, or the like, and are installed on the abutment 30 by a crane or the like as an integral unit.
[0061]
After the above work, the concrete is finally placed by placing it in the first space region 4 including the reinforcing bars.
[0062]
When the concrete is solidified, the concrete and the bridge structure 1 are integrated into a rigid structure, which has a large rigidity and can produce a bridge girder with the same rigidity as the conventional bridge. And can reduce the construction cost.
[0063]
Further, since the main body of the bridge structure 1 constitutes the outer wall of the bridge girder, there is no need to assemble or remove the concrete formwork.
[0064]
Furthermore, it becomes possible to construct the bridge structure 1 without providing any temporary material.
[0065]
That is, as a method for constructing a bridge in the present invention, basically, a step of laying the bridge structure 1 having the above-described configuration on an abutment or a pier 30 and the space of the bridge structure 1 are described. And a step of injecting concrete into the region 4, and as another aspect, a plurality of the bridge structures 1 are linearly arranged adjacent to each other in a certain direction, and each of the bridge structures This is a bridge construction method comprising a step of mutually connecting adjacent ends of a body, and a step of installing and mounting the connected bridge structure 1 on an abutment or a pier 30.
[0066]
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. include.
[0067]
As understood from the above description of the hollow bridge structure 1 according to the present invention, for example, the hollow bridge structure 1 according to the present invention is injected with concrete into the first space portion 4. It is a hollow bridge structure characterized by being formed, and the bridge in the present invention is formed by connecting a plurality of the hollow bridge structures 1.
[0068]
Further, in the bridge according to the present invention, the reinforcing bars 5 of the hollow bridge structures 1 arranged adjacent to each other are joined to each other through appropriate connection means, and the reinforcing bars 5 The periphery of the connecting portion 60 is covered with a covering member 53 configured to have a shape at least partially overlapping with the outer frame.
[0069]
On the other hand, as a specific example of the method for enforcing the bridge in the present invention, for example, a step of transporting a plurality of the above-described hollow bridge structures 1 to the bridge erection site, a predetermined in the bridge erection site, A plurality of the hollow bridge structures 1 connected in series with each other, and the plurality of connected hollow bridge structures 1 are installed on the abutment or the pier 30 or the predetermined number After the hollow bridge structure 1 is installed on the abutment or the pier 30 and connected in series with each other, and the concrete in the first space 4 of each hollow bridge structure 1 Is a method for constructing a bridge structure composed of a step of injecting.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the conventional bridge requires heavy load trailers, large cranes, and a lot of temporary materials for erection, but all major structures are installed at the factory. The work can be carried out quickly and the work time can be reduced by simply carrying in the exact product and bringing it into the field. Can provide an accurate bridge girder.
[0071]
Furthermore, in terms of cost, the bridge transportation work and the construction work can be easily performed, so that the construction cost can be greatly reduced. In addition, since the outer form frame protects the concrete surface, it has a positive effect on the improvement of durability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in a specific example of a bridge structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a specific example of a bridge structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a specific example of a bridge structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a configuration example of a truss structure in a specific example of a bridge structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the entire bridge structure in a specific example of the bridge structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction order in a specific example of the bridge structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a connecting portion in a specific example of a floor bridge structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a structure in a specific example of a bridge structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of a conventional method for implementing a bridge.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hollow bridge structure 2 ... Outer frame 3 ... Inner frame 4 ... 1st space part 5 ... Reinforcement 6 ... Reinforcement fixing part 7 ... 2nd space part 8 ... Truss structure 9 ... Spacer member 11 ... Main Frame part 12 ... Beam part 13 ... Mounting member 14 ... Connecting member 15 ... Fixed part 20 ... Opening part 22 ... Truck 30 ... Pier, abutment 31 ... Spare pier, abutment 32 ... Floor plate 33 ... Crane 34 ... Concrete injection pipe 50 ... Auxiliary winding 51 ... Reinforcing bar end 52 ... Fixed part 53 ... Cover 60 ... Connection

Claims (13)

A hollow outer frame and a hollow inner frame disposed concentrically with each other, and a plurality of tubes disposed in a first space formed between the outer frame and the inner frame. A hollow bridge structure comprising a plurality of reinforcing bars, wherein at least a part of the reinforcing bars in the hollow bridge structure is an inner wall portion of the outer frame body or an outer wall portion of the inner frame body . A truss structure for preventing deformation of the hollow bridge structure is inserted into the second space portion fixed to a part and formed by the inner frame, and the truss structure A hollow bridge structure characterized in that the body is closely fixed to the inner wall surface of the inner frame .   2. The rebar according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing bars are arranged so as to form a plurality of layers in the first space portion formed between the outer frame body and the inner frame body. Hollow bridge structure.   The hollow bridge structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least a part of the reinforcing bar is fixed to at least one of the outer frame and the inner frame through an appropriate fixing member. body.   4. The hollow bridge structure according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing bars are arranged so as to be parallel to each other in a direction coinciding with a longitudinal direction of the hollow bridge structure.   The hollow bridge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an opening is provided in a part of the outer frame body in the hollow bridge structure. The hollow shape according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outer frame body and the inner frame body are fixed so as to have a predetermined gap between each other through an appropriate fixing member. Bridge structure . The outer frame body or the inner frame body is made of one material selected from a steel material, a metal material, a plastic material, a plastic composite (FRP) containing a fiber material such as carbon fiber, or wood. The hollow bridge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the hollow bridge structure is provided . The hollow bridge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an end portion of the reinforcing bar protrudes outward from end edges of the outer frame body and the inner frame body . The hollow bridge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein concrete is poured into the first space . A bridge comprising a plurality of the hollow bridge structures according to claim 1 connected to each other . The reinforcing bars in each of the adjacent hollow bridge structures arranged adjacent to each other are joined to each other through appropriate connecting means, and the periphery of the connecting portion of the reinforcing bars is at least partially connected to the outer frame. The bridge according to claim 10, wherein the bridge is covered with a covering member having an overlapping shape . The the first space portion of those respective hollow bridge structures, bridges according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the concrete is injected. A step of conveying a plurality of the hollow bridge structures according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to a bridge erection site, wherein a predetermined number of the hollow bridge structures are mutually connected to each other. After connecting in series, mount the connected multiple hollow bridge structures on the abutment or pier, or install the predetermined number of the hollow bridge structures on the abutment or pier. A bridge structure characterized by comprising a step of connecting each other in series after mounting and a step of injecting concrete into the first space of each hollow bridge structure Construction method .