JP3965862B2 - Solidification method for dust, etc. - Google Patents

Solidification method for dust, etc. Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3965862B2
JP3965862B2 JP2000139585A JP2000139585A JP3965862B2 JP 3965862 B2 JP3965862 B2 JP 3965862B2 JP 2000139585 A JP2000139585 A JP 2000139585A JP 2000139585 A JP2000139585 A JP 2000139585A JP 3965862 B2 JP3965862 B2 JP 3965862B2
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Prior art keywords
cement
dust
water
kneaded
kneading
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JP2001314846A (en
Inventor
高男 武
澄夫 堀内
正人 川口
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Shimizu Corp
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Shimizu Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、煤塵等の固化処理法に関し、特に、ダイオキシンを含有している煤塵や焼却灰をセメントで小容量に固化する煤塵等の固化処理法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
廃棄物を燃焼処理している焼却場の煙突や燃焼装置等の内壁面に付着している煤塵や焼却灰には重金属を始めとした汚染物が多くふくまれており、解体時や、リノベーション工事の際にはその飛散防止や作業員の安全を強く求められ、養生や保護が必要とされる。
【0003】
一方では、重金属やダイオキシン等で汚染された煤塵の処理方法が、「金属等を含む産業廃棄物に係る判定基準を定める総理府令」として改訂され、ダイオキシンに汚染された物質は、(1)セメント固化法、(2)薬剤処理法、(3)酸他の溶媒溶出法を実施すれば、3ng/gの基準値を適用しないこととなっているが、煙突や煙道、ボイラーなどの表面に付着した脆弱な煤塵や焼却灰はモルタルなどとなじみ難く、吹きつけるだけで強固な安定層を形成することが困難である。このために、内部を負圧にし、煤塵等の飛散防止の措置を講じて、ケレン掻き落としや洗浄することで、煤塵や焼却灰を処理する必要があるが、このために発生する養生材、保護具、等の二次的に発生する汚染物の量も多く、その処分は極めて困難であった。
【0004】
特に、廃棄物を焼却する処理場の煙突や燃焼装置等の内壁面に付着している煤煙や焼却灰に含浸されているダイオキシンの処理が問題になってくると、煤塵や焼却灰をアスベスト廃棄物と同様にセメントで固化して廃棄物として埋設処分するセメント固化法が注目されることになる。
しかし、煤塵、焼却灰のセメントによる固化には、以下の問題があるために簡単には対処できない問題点を抱えている。
▲1▼ 煤塵、焼却灰は、セメントと混ざり難い。
▲2▼ セメント固化後の余剰水であるブリージング水が多量に発生するので、有害物質の漏洩が危惧される。
▲3▼ ブリージング水が湧き出た後のセメントは水分が多いために脆弱になる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑みて検討されたものであり、煤塵及び/又は焼却灰を所定のセメントと混練し、その混練物に所定の減水剤や流動化剤を添加することで固化物の容積を減少させ、有害物質の流出を防止することができる煤塵等の固化処理法を提供している。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による煤塵等の固化処理法は、ダイオキシンを含有している煤塵及び/又は焼却灰をミキサーで空練りする工程と、空練りした煤塵及び/又は焼却灰に対して重量比で50〜500%のセメントをミキサーに投入して空練りする工程と、空練りした煤塵及び/又は焼却灰とセメントとの混合物に対して、セメントに対する重量比で20〜100%となるように水を加えて混練する工程と、セメントに対する重量比で0〜1.5%の減水剤を添加して混練し、セメントに対する重量比で0〜5.5%の流動化剤を添加して混練することで混練物の容量を所定値まで減少させる工程とを含むように構成されており、混練水として、有害物質を含む水を使用することも特徴としている。これによって、ブリージング水の発生を抑制してセメント固化物の容積を減少させており、圧縮強度を所定値以上に保持しながら有害物質の流出を防止している。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明による煤塵等の固化処理法は、最初にミキサーに投入した煤塵及び/又は焼却灰を空練りし、これに加えて重量比で50〜500%のセメントをミキサーに投入して既に空練りされた上記煤塵及び/又は焼却灰とさらに空練りし、しかる後に、セメントに対する重量比で20〜100%の水を加えて混練することで水和した混練物を形成している。次いで、混練物からのブリージング水を抑えながら煤塵等の分散性を向上させるためにセメントに対する重量比で0〜1.5%の減水剤を添加し、さらにセメントに対する重量比で0〜5.5%の流動化剤を添加しながら混練することで、混練物の容量を所定値まで減少させている。
以下に、本発明の実施の形態を工程に従って詳細に説明する。
【0008】
表1には、セメント固化のために本実施の形態で採用している使用材料と配合比を示している。
【0009】
【表1】

Figure 0003965862
【0010】
以下に、本発明による処理工程を、処理順に従って説明する。
1)煤塵及び/又は焼却灰80kgをミキサーに投入して、30秒間空練りする。
2)セメント80kgをミキサーに投入して、5分間空練りする。
セメントとしては、普通ポルトランドセメントを使用するが、特に高強度で対応する必要がある場合には使用量を増大することも考慮され、硬化を促進する場合には早強セメントを同量使用することになる。
3)セメントに対する重量比で70%の水を加えて混練することで、セメント混練物を生成する。
水量は、煤塵等に吸収される水量とセメントの固化に必要な水量との総量であるが、セメント混練物の湿りやブリージング等の状況に対処して調整している。
尚、本発明では、ブリージング水を出さないようにしているので、有害物質を含む汚染水を練混水として使用することで、汚染水の処理・処分を一挙に解決することも可能である。
4)セメント混練物に高性能減水剤であるマイティ150(花王製「商品名」)を240g添加して、約1分間混練する。
高性能減水剤の添加は、水/セメント比を小さくしてブリージング水を抑えるために使用している。
5)さらに、流動化剤としてマイティ2000WH(花王製「商品名」)を800g添加して、約5〜15分間混練する。
流動化剤の添加は、セメント混練物の容量を減少させて所定の値に納めるために使用するもので、混練時間の調整によって制御している。
【0011】
以上のように、本発明による煤塵等の固化処理法では、煤塵等をセメント固化するに当たって、少ない水量でセメントペーストを流動化し易いようにして、ブリージング水の発生を抑制しながらセメント混練物の容量を小さくし、透水係数も小さくしているので、セメント固化物の圧縮強度を10N/mm2以上に発現させることが可能になり、同時に有害物質の流出を防止すると共に、流水等による有害物の侵出を無くしている。
【0012】
以上、本発明を実施の形態に基づいて詳細に説明してきたが、本発明による煤塵等の固化処理法は、煤塵及び/又は焼却灰をミキサーで空練りする工程、煤塵及び/又は焼却灰に対して重量比で50〜500%のセメントをミキサーに投入して空練りする工程、セメントに対する重量比で20〜100%の水を加えて混練する工程、セメントに対する重量比で0〜1.5%の減水剤を添加して混練し、セメントに対する重量比で0〜5.5%の流動化剤を添加して混練することで混練物の容量を所定値まで減少させる工程から構成されており、混練水として、有害物質を含む水を使用することを特徴としており、これによって、ブリージング水の発生を抑制してセメント固化物の容積を減少させ、圧縮強度を所定値以上に保持しながら有害物質の流出を防止しているものであるから、上記実施の形態に何ら限定されるものでなく、セメント、高性能減水剤及び流動化剤の他の種類等に関して、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更が可能であることは当然のことである。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に記載の発明である煤塵等の固化処理法は、煤塵及び/又は焼却灰をミキサーで空練りする工程、煤塵及び/又は焼却灰に対して重量比で50〜500%のセメントをミキサーに投入して空練りする工程、セメントに対する重量比で20〜100%の水を加えて混練する工程、セメントに対する重量比で0〜1.5%の減水剤を添加して混練し、セメントに対する重量比で0〜5.5%の流動化剤を添加して混練することで混練物の容量を所定値まで減少させる工程から構成されているので、以下の効果を発揮している。
▲1▼ セメント固化物が、10N/mm2以上の圧縮強度を発現できる。
▲2▼ ブリージング水が出ないので、有害物の流出を防止できる。
▲3▼ 透水係数を小さくしているので、流水等によっても有害物を侵出しない。
▲4▼ 有害物を封じ込めるので、ダイオキシン等の有害物を含む煤塵や焼却灰の処分に最適である。
【0014】
請求項2に記載の発明である煤塵等の固化処理法は、請求項1に記載の煤塵等の固化処理法において、混練水として、有害物質を含む水を使用することを特徴としているので、上記効果に加えて、有害物質を含む汚染水を練混水に使用して汚染水の処理・処分を一括して実施できる効果を発揮している。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solidification treatment method for dust and the like, and more particularly, to a solidification treatment method for dust and the like containing dioxin and solidifying incineration ash to a small volume with cement.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The dust and incineration ash adhering to the inner wall of chimneys and incinerators, etc., which incinerate waste, contain a lot of contaminants such as heavy metals, and are dismantled and renovated. In this case, prevention of scattering and safety of workers are strongly demanded, and curing and protection are required.
[0003]
On the other hand, the method for treating dust polluted with heavy metals and dioxins has been revised as "Prime Ministerial Ordinance for Establishing Criteria for Industrial Waste Containing Metals, etc.". Substances contaminated with dioxins are: (1) Cement If the solidification method, (2) chemical treatment method, and (3) acid and other solvent elution methods are implemented, the standard value of 3 ng / g is not applied, but it is applied to the surface of chimneys, flues, boilers, etc. Adhering brittle dust and incineration ash are difficult to blend with mortar and the like, and it is difficult to form a strong stable layer just by spraying. For this purpose, it is necessary to treat the dust and incineration ash by making the inside negative pressure, taking measures to prevent dust scattering etc., scraping off and washing the kelen, but the curing material generated for this purpose, The amount of secondarily generated contaminants such as protective equipment was also large, and disposal was extremely difficult.
[0004]
In particular, asbestos disposal of inhalation dust and incineration ash occurs when the treatment of soot and incineration ash impregnated with smoke and incineration ash on the inside wall of a treatment plant that incinerates waste becomes a problem. The cement solidification method which solidifies with cement and embeds and disposes as waste like a thing will attract attention.
However, solidification of dust and incinerated ash with cement has the following problems, which cannot be easily addressed.
(1) Dust and incineration ash are difficult to mix with cement.
(2) Breathing water, which is surplus water after cement solidification, is generated in large quantities, which may cause leakage of harmful substances.
(3) The cement after the breathing water is swelled becomes brittle due to the high water content.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been studied in view of the above problems, and solidifies by mixing dust and / or incinerated ash with a predetermined cement and adding a predetermined water reducing agent or fluidizing agent to the kneaded product. We provide solidification methods such as dust that can reduce the volume of materials and prevent the outflow of harmful substances.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The solidification method for dust and the like according to the present invention includes a step of air-mixing the dust and / or incineration ash containing dioxin with a mixer, and a weight ratio of 50 to 500 with respect to the air-mixed dust and / or incineration ash. % of a step of air-kneaded cement was charged to a mixer, and against the mixture of air kneading the dust and / or ash and cement, the water to 20 to 100% by weight relative to the cement In addition, a kneading step, adding 0 to 1.5% water reducing agent in a weight ratio to the cement, kneading, adding 0 to 5.5% fluidizing agent in a weight ratio to the cement, and kneading. And a step of reducing the volume of the kneaded product to a predetermined value, and it is also characterized by using water containing harmful substances as the kneaded water. Thereby, the generation of breathing water is suppressed to reduce the volume of the cement solidified product, and the outflow of harmful substances is prevented while maintaining the compressive strength at a predetermined value or more.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the solidification method for dust and the like according to the present invention, dust and / or incinerated ash initially charged into the mixer is kneaded, and in addition to this, 50 to 500% by weight of cement is added to the mixer and already kneaded. The above dust and / or incinerated ash is further kneaded, and then 20 to 100% of water by weight with respect to cement is added and kneaded to form a hydrated kneaded product. Next, in order to improve the dispersibility of dust and the like while suppressing breathing water from the kneaded product, a water reducing agent of 0 to 1.5% by weight ratio to the cement is added, and further 0 to 5.5 weight ratio to the cement. The volume of the kneaded product is reduced to a predetermined value by kneading while adding% fluidizing agent.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail according to the steps.
[0008]
Table 1 shows the materials used and the compounding ratios employed in the present embodiment for cement solidification.
[0009]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003965862
[0010]
Below, the process process by this invention is demonstrated according to process order.
1) Put 80 kg of dust and / or incinerated ash into the mixer and knead for 30 seconds.
2) Add 80 kg of cement to the mixer and knead for 5 minutes.
As the cement, ordinary Portland cement is used, but it is also considered to increase the amount of use especially when it is necessary to cope with high strength. To accelerate hardening, the same amount of early strong cement should be used. become.
3) A cement kneaded product is produced by adding 70% water by weight to the cement and kneading.
The amount of water is the total of the amount of water absorbed by dust and the like and the amount of water necessary for solidifying the cement, and is adjusted to cope with conditions such as wetting and breathing of the cement kneaded material.
In the present invention, since the breathing water is not discharged, the contaminated water treatment / disposal can be solved at once by using the contaminated water containing the harmful substances as the kneaded water.
4) Add 240g of Mighty 150 ("trade name" manufactured by Kao), a high-performance water reducing agent, to the cement kneaded product, and knead for about 1 minute.
The addition of a high performance water reducing agent is used to reduce the water / cement ratio and suppress breathing water.
5) Further, 800 g of Mighty 2000WH (“trade name” manufactured by Kao) is added as a fluidizing agent and kneaded for about 5 to 15 minutes.
The addition of the fluidizing agent is used to reduce the volume of the cement kneaded material and keep it within a predetermined value, and is controlled by adjusting the kneading time.
[0011]
As described above, in the solidification method for soot dust and the like according to the present invention, when solidifying soot and the like, it is easy to fluidize the cement paste with a small amount of water, and the capacity of the cement kneaded material is suppressed while suppressing the generation of breathing water. And the hydraulic conductivity is also small, it becomes possible to express the compressive strength of cement solids to 10 N / mm 2 or more, and at the same time, prevent harmful substances from flowing out and prevent harmful substances caused by running water, etc. Elimination has been eliminated.
[0012]
As described above, the present invention has been described in detail on the basis of the embodiment. However, the solidification processing method for soot dust and the like according to the present invention can be applied to the step of kneading soot dust and / or incineration ash with a mixer, soot dust and / or incineration ash. On the other hand, a step of putting 50 to 500% by weight of cement into a mixer and kneading the mixture, a step of adding 20 to 100% of water by weight to the cement and kneading, and a weight ratio of 0 to 1.5 by weight of cement. % of water reducing agent was kneaded by adding, is composed of a step of reducing the volume of the kneaded product by kneading with the addition of from 0 to 5.5% of the fluidizing agent in a weight ratio to a predetermined value to cement It is characterized by using water containing harmful substances as the kneading water, thereby reducing the volume of cement solidified by suppressing the generation of breathing water and harmful while maintaining the compressive strength above a predetermined value object In other words, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and other types of cement, high-performance water reducing agent, fluidizing agent, and the like do not depart from the spirit of the present invention. Of course, various changes can be made.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
The solidification method of soot dust etc. which is the invention according to claim 1 is a step of empty-mixing soot and / or incineration ash with a mixer, and 50 to 500% cement by weight with respect to soot and / or incineration ash. A step of putting into a mixer and kneading, a step of adding 20 to 100% water by weight to the cement and kneading, a water reducing agent of 0 to 1.5% by weight to the cement, adding and kneading, cement Since it comprises a step of reducing the volume of the kneaded product to a predetermined value by adding 0 to 5.5% of a fluidizing agent in a weight ratio to kneading, the following effects are exhibited.
(1) The cement solidified product can express a compressive strength of 10 N / mm 2 or more.
(2) Since breathing water does not come out, harmful substances can be prevented from flowing out.
(3) Since the hydraulic conductivity is small, no harmful substances are leached out by running water.
(4) Because it contains harmful substances, it is ideal for disposal of dust and incineration ash containing harmful substances such as dioxins.
[0014]
The solidification method for dust etc., which is the invention according to claim 2, is characterized in that in the solidification treatment method for dust etc. according to claim 1, water containing harmful substances is used as the kneaded water. In addition to the above effects, the contaminated water containing harmful substances is used in the mixed water, and the effect of being able to collectively treat and dispose of the contaminated water is exhibited.

Claims (2)

ダイオキシンを含有している煤塵及び/又は焼却灰をミキサーで空練りする工程と、
空練りした煤塵及び/又は焼却灰に対して重量比で50〜500%のセメントをミキサーに投入して空練りする工程と、
空練りした煤塵及び/又は焼却灰とセメントとの混合物に対して、セメントに対する重量比で20〜100%となるように水を加えて混練する工程と、
セメントに対する重量比で0〜1.5%の減水剤を添加して混練し、セメントに対する重量比で0〜5.5%の流動化剤を添加して混練することで混練物の容量を所定値まで減少させる工程と
を含むことを特徴とする煤塵等の固化処理法。
A step of kneading dust and / or incineration ash containing dioxin with a mixer;
A step of adding 50-500% by weight of cement to the mixer with respect to the air-kneaded dust and / or incinerated ash,
And to a mixture of the air-kneaded with the dust and / or ash and cement, comprising the steps of kneading by adding water so that 20% to 100% by weight relative to the cement,
A water-reducing agent of 0 to 1.5% by weight ratio with respect to cement is added and kneaded, and a volume of 0 to 5.5% of fluidizing agent with respect to cement is added and kneaded to determine the volume of the kneaded product. A solidification treatment method for dust and the like characterized by comprising a step of reducing to a value.
混練水として、有害物質を含む水を使用することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の煤塵等の固化処理法。The method for solidifying dust or the like according to claim 1, wherein water containing harmful substances is used as the kneaded water.
JP2000139585A 2000-05-12 2000-05-12 Solidification method for dust, etc. Expired - Lifetime JP3965862B2 (en)

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JP3965862B2 true JP3965862B2 (en) 2007-08-29

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