JP2000210633A - Treatment of fly ash - Google Patents

Treatment of fly ash

Info

Publication number
JP2000210633A
JP2000210633A JP11017861A JP1786199A JP2000210633A JP 2000210633 A JP2000210633 A JP 2000210633A JP 11017861 A JP11017861 A JP 11017861A JP 1786199 A JP1786199 A JP 1786199A JP 2000210633 A JP2000210633 A JP 2000210633A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fly ash
added
slag
kneaded
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP11017861A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hirohiko Sasamoto
博彦 笹本
Yasuhiko Kamiya
泰彦 上谷
Fuyuki Matsutake
冬樹 松竹
Yoshiya Kiriyama
佳也 桐山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aichi Steel Corp
Sanei KK
Original Assignee
Aichi Steel Corp
Sanei KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aichi Steel Corp, Sanei KK filed Critical Aichi Steel Corp
Priority to JP11017861A priority Critical patent/JP2000210633A/en
Publication of JP2000210633A publication Critical patent/JP2000210633A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain the saving and recycling of resources at low cost by adding reduction phase slag and sulfate radical in fly ash, if necessary adding a pH adjuster or water and kneading to adjust pH to a specific range in the case of insolubilizing heavy metals contained in the fly ash generated by incineration or the like. SOLUTION: In the treatment of the fly ash generated from an incineration furnace, a melting furnace or the like for municipal refuse, industrial waste or the like, particularly the treatment for insolubilizing the heavy metals such as lead in the high alkaline dry fly ash to stabilize, the reduction phase slag consisting essentially of CaO, SiO2 and Al2O3 and by-produced from electric furnace slag is added into the fly ash and simultaneously sulfate radical is added and kneaded and the kneaded material is adjusted to pH 9.5-11.5. In such a case, the reduction phase slag is added preferably by 20-30 wt.% per 100 wt.% fly ash. As the pH adjuster, sulfuric acid or aluminum sulfate is preferably used to satisfy the adjustment of pH and the addition of sulfate radical at the same time in the strong alkaline fly ash containing unreacted slaked lime.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、都市ゴミ、産業廃
棄物等の焼却炉及び溶融炉などから発生する飛灰の処理
方法に関するものである。特に、高アルカリ性である乾
式飛灰中の鉛、カドミウムなどの重金属を不溶化し、安
定化するための処理方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating fly ash generated from incinerators and melting furnaces for municipal waste, industrial waste, and the like. In particular, the present invention relates to a treatment method for insolubilizing and stabilizing heavy metals such as lead and cadmium in highly alkaline dry fly ash.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】都市ゴミや産業廃棄物を焼却または溶融
すると燃焼排ガスに同伴して灰が飛散する。この飛灰を
捕捉するために、通常バグフィルターや電気集塵機など
を用いて補集し、リサイクルや埋め立て処分を行ってい
る。
2. Description of the Related Art When municipal waste and industrial waste are incinerated or melted, ash is scattered along with combustion exhaust gas. In order to capture this fly ash, it is usually collected using a bag filter, an electric dust collector, or the like, and recycled or landfilled.

【0003】埋め立て処分を行う際に、飛灰は、焼却ま
たは溶融によって揮発する鉛やカドミウムなどの重金属
が濃縮されて、含有しているので厚生大臣が定める方法
に従って飛灰中の重金属の溶出を防止する処理をしなけ
ればならない。
[0003] When performing landfill disposal, fly ash concentrates and contains heavy metals such as lead and cadmium which are volatilized by incineration or melting. Therefore, heavy metals in the fly ash are eluted according to the method specified by the Minister of Health and Welfare. You must take action to prevent it.

【0004】その厚生大臣が定める方法とは、 (イ)セメント固化法 (ロ)薬剤処理法 (ハ)酸またはその他の溶媒による抽出法 (ニ)溶融固化法 の四方法である。この四方法のいずれかを用いて飛灰を
処理した後、環境庁長官が定める基準をクリアすれば、
埋め立て処理することができる。
[0004] The methods specified by the Minister of Health and Welfare are the following four methods: (a) cement solidification method, (b) chemical treatment method, (c) extraction method with acid or other solvent, and (d) melt solidification method. After processing fly ash using any of these four methods, if it meets the standards set by the Commissioner for the Environment Agency,
It can be landfilled.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、厚生大臣が定
める四方法は、いずれも高価な薬剤やセメント、または
高額な設備を必要とするもので、埋め立て処理を行おう
とする飛灰に、高いコストをかけて処理することは、経
済性からいうと有意なことではない。また、近年、省資
源化やリサイクルが叫ばれており、その意味からもセメ
ント等に代表される資源を使用せずに処理し、リサイク
ルできる処理方法が求められている。よって、これらを
踏まえて環境庁長官が定める基準をクリアし、厚生大臣
が定める四方法の一つの応用として、いずれよりもコス
トが低く、省資源化、リサイクルに寄与する安全な処理
方法を提供することを目的とする。
However, all of the four methods specified by the Minister of Health and Welfare require expensive chemicals and cement, or expensive equipment. Is not significant in terms of economy. In recent years, resource saving and recycling have been called for. In this sense, a processing method capable of processing and recycling without using resources represented by cement or the like is demanded. Therefore, based on these, we will clear the standards set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency and provide a safe treatment method that is lower in cost than any of them and contributes to resource saving and recycling as one application of the four methods set by the Minister of Health and Welfare. The purpose is to:

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の飛灰の処理方法
は、飛灰に還元期スラグ及び硫酸根を添加し、pHを
9.5から11.5になるように混練物のpHを調整す
ることを特徴としている。特に飛灰100重量%に対し
て還元期スラグを20から30重量%を加えることが好
ましい。前記硫酸根とは硫酸根を含む物質であれば任意
であるが、例えば、硫酸、硫酸バンド等が一般的であ
る。なお、この硫酸根の作用としては、飛灰が含有する
鉛と結合して硫酸鉛となり、鉛の溶出防止を図るために
添加するものである。
According to the method for treating fly ash of the present invention, a slag and a sulfate are added to the fly ash in a reducing period, and the pH of the kneaded material is adjusted to a pH of 9.5 to 11.5. It is characterized by adjustment. In particular, it is preferable to add 20 to 30% by weight of the slag for the reduction period to 100% by weight of fly ash. The sulfate group is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance containing a sulfate group. For example, sulfuric acid, a sulfate band and the like are generally used. The function of the sulfate group is to combine with the lead contained in the fly ash to form lead sulfate, which is added to prevent the elution of lead.

【0007】さらに混練物のPHが9.5から11.5
になるようにpH調整剤を添加することを特徴としてい
る。本発明において、pH調整剤とは、一般的に硫酸、
硫酸バンド、塩化鉄、塩酸、硝酸等が用いることができ
るが、未反応消石灰を含む高アルカリ性の飛灰は、pH
調整と硫酸根を添加することを同時に満たす硫酸、硫酸
バンドを使用するのが特に好ましい。なお、上記pH調
整剤は、混練物が含有する鉛がpHの高低により溶出す
ることから、それを防止するために行うものである。
Further, the pH of the kneaded material is from 9.5 to 11.5.
It is characterized by adding a pH adjuster so that In the present invention, the pH adjusting agent is generally sulfuric acid,
Sulfuric acid band, iron chloride, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, etc. can be used, but high-alkaline fly ash including unreacted slaked lime has pH
It is particularly preferable to use sulfuric acid or a sulfuric acid band which satisfies both adjustment and addition of a sulfate group at the same time. The pH adjuster is used to prevent the lead contained in the kneaded material from being eluted depending on the level of the pH.

【0008】また、さらに水を添加することにより、p
H調整を補助するとともに混練しやすくすることが好ま
しい。そして、得られた処理混練物は搬送、排出等にお
ける取り扱い性の良さから、成型や造粒等をするのが好
ましい。前記の添加する硫酸根や必要に応じて添加する
水は、混練した処理物の状態やpHの値により、添加量
が決定される。これは、使用する設備や飛灰の性状によ
り適正値が異なるためである。また、処理物を型を使用
して成型しようとした場合、処理物を型へ入れやすくす
るためにスラリー状にしてもよい。
Further, by further adding water, p
It is preferable to assist the H adjustment and make it easier to knead. Then, the obtained processed kneaded material is preferably subjected to molding, granulation, and the like from the viewpoint of good handling properties in conveyance, discharge, and the like. The amount of the sulfate group to be added and the water to be added as required are determined depending on the state of the kneaded product and the pH value. This is because the appropriate value differs depending on the equipment used and the properties of fly ash. Further, when the processed material is to be molded using a mold, the processed material may be formed into a slurry so as to be easily put into the mold.

【0009】[0009]

【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明においては、飛灰に還元期スラグと硫酸根を添加
し、必要に応じてpH調整剤や水を添加して混練し、所
望するpHに調整することで飛灰中の重金属を固定化す
るものである。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
In the present invention, the reducing slag and sulfate are added to the fly ash, and if necessary, a pH adjuster and water are added and kneaded, and the heavy metal in the fly ash is fixed by adjusting to a desired pH. Is what you do.

【0010】本実施例において、飛灰に添加する還元期
スラグは、製鋼用電気炉から副生される鉱滓の1つであ
り、その水溶液はpHが11から12のアルカリ性で、
それ自体に水硬性があるという性質を持っている。ま
た、その化学組成の一例を下記に挙げる。
In the present embodiment, the reducing slag added to the fly ash is one of the slag by-produced from the electric furnace for steelmaking, and its aqueous solution is alkaline having a pH of 11 to 12,
It has the property of being hydraulic in itself. An example of the chemical composition is shown below.

【0011】本実施例において、硫酸根とは硫酸根を含
む物質であれば任意であるが、その添加量については環
境庁長官が定める基準をクリアするように添加した。
In this embodiment, the sulfate group is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance containing a sulfate group, and the amount of the sulfate group is added so as to satisfy the standard determined by the Secretary of the Environment Agency.

【0012】(実施例)実施例に先立ち、本発明に用い
た飛灰の化学組成及び溶出試験(環境庁告示13号)の
結果を表1及び表2に示す。
(Examples) Prior to the Examples, Tables 1 and 2 show the chemical composition of the fly ash used in the present invention and the results of a dissolution test (Notification No. 13 of the Environment Agency).

【0013】[0013]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0014】[0014]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0015】表1及び表2より、この飛灰は未反応消石
灰を多く含む高アルカリ性の飛灰である。この飛灰の重
金属を固定化するにあたり、特に留意しなければならな
いものは、鉛とカドミウムであるので、以下溶出試験
(環境庁告示13号)の結果は鉛とカドミウムを記載す
る。
From Tables 1 and 2, this fly ash is a highly alkaline fly ash which contains a large amount of unreacted slaked lime. In immobilizing the heavy metal of this fly ash, what must be particularly noted is lead and cadmium, and the results of the dissolution test (Notification No. 13 of the Environment Agency) below describe lead and cadmium.

【0016】また本実施例において添加する還元スラグ
の化学組成について表3に示す。
Table 3 shows the chemical composition of the reduced slag added in the present embodiment.

【0017】[0017]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0018】還元期スラグの添加量と鉛、カドミウムの
溶出量の関係を見るために、飛灰に還元期スラグと6規
定硫酸と水を加えて混練し、溶出試験(環境庁告示13
号)を行ない、鉛とカドミウムの溶出量を測定した。結
果を表4に示す。
In order to see the relationship between the amount of slag added and the amount of lead and cadmium eluted, fly ash was mixed with reduced slag, 6N sulfuric acid and water, and kneaded.
No.), and the elution amount of lead and cadmium was measured. Table 4 shows the results.

【0019】[0019]

【表4】 [Table 4]

【0020】表4より、還元期スラグの配合割合が飛灰
100重量部に対し、20重量部以上添加しなければ汚
泥等に係る埋立判定基準値(環境庁長官が定める基準)
をクリアできず、それ以下では鉛の溶出量が、汚泥等に
係る埋立判定基準(環境庁長官が定める基準)を上回る
ことが明らかである。
From Table 4, it can be seen that the mixing ratio of the slag in the reducing period is 100 parts by weight of fly ash, and unless it is added in an amount of 20 parts by weight or more, the landfill determination standard value for sludge etc.
It is clear that below this, the amount of lead eluted exceeds the landfill determination criteria for sludge, etc. (standards set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency).

【0021】また、還元期スラグの配合割合が飛灰10
0重量部に対し、30重量部以上添加すると汚泥等に係
る埋立判定基準値(環境庁長官が定める基準)はクリア
できることは予想されるが、処理物が増加し、埋め立て
処分場の不足が問題となっている現在の社会状況を踏ま
えると好ましいことではない。
Further, the mixing ratio of the slag in the reducing period is 10% by fly ash.
It is expected that the addition of 30 parts by weight or more to 0 parts by weight will clear the landfill judgment standard value for sludge (standard set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency), but the number of processed materials will increase and the shortage of landfill sites will be a problem. This is not a good thing given the current social situation.

【0022】PHと鉛、カドミウムの溶出量の関係を見
るために、飛灰に還元期スラグと6規定硫酸と水を加え
て混練し、溶出試験(環境庁告示13号)を行い、鉛と
カドミウムの溶出量を測定した。結果を表5に示す。
In order to check the relationship between PH and the amount of lead and cadmium eluted, slag, 6N sulfuric acid and water were added to the fly ash and kneaded, and an elution test (Notification No. 13 of the Environment Agency) was conducted. The elution amount of cadmium was measured. Table 5 shows the results.

【0023】[0023]

【表5】 [Table 5]

【0024】表5より、pHが9.5から11.5の範
囲に入っていると汚泥等に係る埋立判定基準値(環境庁
長官が定める基準)をクリアできることがわかる。
From Table 5, it can be seen that when the pH is in the range of 9.5 to 11.5, the landfill judging reference value (standard set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency) for sludge can be cleared.

【0025】硫酸根の効果を見るために、飛灰に還元期
スラグと6規定塩酸と水を加えて混練し、溶出試験(環
境庁告示13号)を行い、鉛とカドミウムの溶出量を測
定した。結果を表6に示す。
In order to check the effect of sulfate, fly ash is mixed with the slag in the reducing period, 6N hydrochloric acid and water, and the mixture is kneaded. did. Table 6 shows the results.

【0026】[0026]

【表6】 [Table 6]

【0027】また、同様に、飛灰に還元期スラグと6規
定硝酸と水を加えて混練し、溶出試験(環境庁告示13
号)を行い、鉛とカドミウムの溶出量を測定した。結果
を表7に示す。
Similarly, the fly ash is mixed with the slag in the reducing stage, 6N nitric acid and water, and kneaded, and then subjected to a dissolution test (Notification 13 of the Environment Agency).
No.) and the elution amounts of lead and cadmium were measured. Table 7 shows the results.

【0028】[0028]

【表7】 [Table 7]

【0029】表6、表7より、pHが9.5から11.
5の範囲に入っているにもかかわらず、汚泥等に係る埋
立判定基準値(環境庁長官が定める基準)をクリアする
ことができなかった。
According to Tables 6 and 7, the pH was 9.5 to 11.
Despite being within the range of 5, it was not possible to clear the landfill criteria (standards set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency) for sludge and the like.

【0030】還元期スラグの重金属固定化の効果を見る
ために、実施例として飛灰に還元期スラグと6規定硫酸
と水を加えて混練したもの(実施例10と11)、比較
例として飛灰にセメントと18規定硫酸と水を加えて混
練したもの(比較例4から7)、飛灰に市販品の薬剤A
と水を加えて混練したもの(比較例8)、飛灰に市販品
の薬剤Bと水を加えて混練したもの(比較例9)を作成
し、溶出試験(環境庁告示13号)を行い、鉛とカドミ
ウムの溶出量を測定した。結果を表8に示す。
As an example, fly ash was mixed with reduced slag, 6N sulfuric acid and water and kneaded (Examples 10 and 11) in order to see the effect of heavy metal immobilization of the reduced phase slag. Cement, 18N sulfuric acid and water were added to ash and kneaded (Comparative Examples 4 to 7). Commercial fly A was added to fly ash.
And kneading by adding water and water (Comparative Example 8), and kneading by adding a commercially available drug B and water to fly ash (Comparative Example 9), and performing a dissolution test (Notification No. 13 of the Environment Agency). And the elution amounts of lead and cadmium were measured. Table 8 shows the results.

【0031】[0031]

【表8】 [Table 8]

【0032】表8より、セメントを使用した場合、汚泥
等に係る埋立判定基準値(環境庁長官が定める基準)を
クリアするものもあるが、しないものもあり、実作業で
安定的な処理をしようとしたときに薬剤量の管理が難し
いという問題が生じる。
According to Table 8, when cement is used, some of the materials meet the criteria for landfill judgment for sludge (standards set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency), while others do not. When trying to do so, there arises a problem that it is difficult to control the amount of the drug.

【0033】また、市販品の薬剤A、Bを用いた場合、
汚泥等に係る埋立判定基準値(環境庁長官が定める基
準)をクリアするが、コストが高い。尚、コストは還元
期スラグ及び硫酸を使用した場合を100とすると、セ
メントと硫酸を使用した場合は150、市販品の薬剤A
を使用した場合は220、市販品の薬剤Bを使用した場
合は220である。ここでいうコストとは還元期スラグ
やセメント、硫酸といった材料費や市販品の薬剤Aまた
はBの薬剤費と埋め立て処理費を足したものである。
When the commercially available drugs A and B are used,
Clears the landfill criteria for sludge (standards set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency), but is expensive. The cost is assumed to be 100 when the slag and sulfuric acid are used in the reduction period, and 150 when the cement and the sulfuric acid are used.
Is 220 when the drug is used, and 220 when the commercially available drug B is used. The cost mentioned here is the sum of the cost of material such as slag, cement, and sulfuric acid in the reduction period, the cost of the drug A or B as a commercial product, and the cost of landfill treatment.

【0034】[0034]

【発明の効果】以上詳述した通り、本発明の飛灰の処理
方法によれば、環境庁長官が定める基準をクリアし、尚
且つコストの低い飛灰処理方法を提供することができ
る。また、製鋼用電気炉の副生品である還元期スラグを
飛灰処理に用いることは、省資源化、リサイクルにも十
分寄与できるものと考える。
As described above in detail, according to the fly ash treatment method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a fly ash treatment method which satisfies the standards set by the Secretary of the Environment Agency and has a low cost. In addition, it is considered that the use of the reduction slag, which is a by-product of the electric furnace for steelmaking, in the fly ash treatment can contribute to resource saving and recycling.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 松竹 冬樹 愛知県刈谷市桜町三丁目3番地 サンエイ 株式会社内 (72)発明者 桐山 佳也 愛知県刈谷市桜町三丁目3番地 サンエイ 株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 4D004 AA37 AB03 CA14 CA15 CA45 CC03 CC11 CC12 DA03 DA10 DA20  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Fuyuki Shochiku 3-chome, Sakuracho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Pref. (72) Inventor Yoshiya Kiriyama 3-chome, Sakuracho, Kariya-shi, Aichi F-term (Reference) 4D004 AA37 AB03 CA14 CA15 CA45 CC03 CC11 CC12 DA03 DA10 DA20

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 焼却または溶融により発生する飛灰が有
する重金属を不溶化処理するにおいて、飛灰に対し、Ca
O、SiO2、Al2O3、を主成分とする電気炉鉱滓より副生さ
れる還元期スラグを添加するとともに、硫酸根を添加し
て混練し、混練物のpHを9.5から11.5に調整す
ることを特徴とする飛灰の処理方法。
In the insolubilization treatment of heavy metals contained in fly ash generated by incineration or melting, fly ash is treated with Ca
The reducing phase slag by-produced from electric furnace slag containing O, SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 as main components is added, and a sulfate group is added and kneaded, and the pH of the kneaded product is adjusted to 9.5 to 11 A method for treating fly ash, wherein the method is adjusted to 5.
【請求項2】 請求項1において、前記還元期スラグは
飛灰100重量%に対して20から30重量%を添加す
ることを特徴とする飛灰の処理方法。
2. The method for treating fly ash according to claim 1, wherein 20 to 30% by weight of the slag is added to 100% by weight of fly ash.
【請求項3】 請求項1または2において、前記pHに
調整するために、さらにpH調整剤を添加することを特
徴とする飛灰の処理方法。
3. The method for treating fly ash according to claim 1, wherein a pH adjuster is further added to adjust the pH.
【請求項4】 請求項1から3のいづれか1つにおい
て、さらに水を添加することを特徴とする飛灰の処理方
法。
4. The method for treating fly ash according to claim 1, wherein water is further added.
JP11017861A 1999-01-27 1999-01-27 Treatment of fly ash Pending JP2000210633A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009006250A (en) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-15 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Manufacturing method of earthwork material and earthwork material
CN106824983A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-06-13 北京科技大学 A kind of detoxification of incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin and heavy metal
CN106862244A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-06-20 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 The high-temperature fusion detoxification method of flying dust

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009006250A (en) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-15 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Manufacturing method of earthwork material and earthwork material
CN106824983A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-06-13 北京科技大学 A kind of detoxification of incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin and heavy metal
CN106862244A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-06-20 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 The high-temperature fusion detoxification method of flying dust

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