JP3965263B2 - Vehicle parts assembly system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an assembly system for assembling vehicle parts by an assembly process in which a plurality of automatic work processes and a plurality of manual work processes are mixed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many vehicle parts need to be assembled by an assembly process in which a plurality of automatic work processes and a plurality of manual work processes are mixed. As an assembly system for assembling such vehicle parts, for example, Mitsubishi Motors has been conventionally used. Two types of multi-turn complete index tables are known for subassembly lines of automatic transmission assembly lines described in the paper “Production of new FR-A / T” in Technical Review 1998NO.1.
[0003]
One of these two types of multi-rounding index tables is provided with work stands at five circumferentially equidistant positions on a circular table, and two of them adjacent to each other serve as manual work stands, Are moved 144 degrees in a predetermined circumferential direction on the circular table, the first stand (manual work process), the second stand (automatic work process), the third stand (automatic work process), the fourth stand (manual work process) Process), 5th stand (automatic work process), 1st stand is moved in the order of 5 steps of assembly work, and the other is at eight circumferentially spaced intervals on the circular table A work stand is provided, and three of them are used as manual work stands, and the work is moved 135 degrees in a predetermined circumferential direction on the circular table, so that the first stand (Manual work process), second stand (automatic work process), third stand (automatic work process), fourth stand (manual work process), fifth stand (automatic work process), sixth stand (automatic work process) The work is moved in the order of the seventh stand (manual work process), the eighth stand (automatic work process), and the first stand, and the assembly process of the eight processes is performed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such an index table type assembly system, since it is necessary to accurately determine the arrangement of each stand with respect to the index table, it is not possible to arbitrarily increase or decrease the number of stands or arbitrarily change the process order. When the number of vehicles and the number of vehicles increase, it is difficult to increase the equipment according to the degree of the increase, and when the number of vehicles and the number of vehicles are reduced, there is a problem that the equipment becomes low in operation and the facility cost cannot be made proportional.
[0005]
[Means for solving the problems and their functions and effects]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an assembly system that advantageously solves the above-described problems, and the vehicle component assembly system according to the present invention is configured such that an automatic operation process and a manual operation process are alternately repeated. In an assembly system for assembling a vehicle part by an assembly process in which a plurality of automatic work processes and a plurality of manual work processes are mixed in the course of operation, a transport device in which a transport transport path with ends is set at a predetermined position; An automatic machine that is arranged on one side of the transfer movement path of the transfer apparatus and performs the plurality of automatic operation steps in one place, and a side opposite to the side on which the automatic machine is arranged with respect to the transfer movement path of the transfer apparatus arranged, comprising a plurality of manual stand performing the plurality of manual processes, the transport device, the vehicle component is reciprocated between the automatic machine and the plurality of hand stand The automatic machine performs the automatic work process according to the routing for the vehicle parts that are reciprocally conveyed between the automatic machine and the plurality of manual work stands that respectively perform the plurality of manual work processes. It is characterized by being performed alternately .
[0006]
In such an assembly system, an automatic work process and a manual work process are alternately repeated in an order corresponding to an assembly process in which a plurality of automatic work processes and a plurality of manual work processes are mixed in the routing. transport device along the transport path of movement of the perforated end, back and forth transporting the vehicle component between the automatic machine and a plurality of manual stand performed by aggregating a plurality of automatic working processes, automated machines, a plurality of manual The vehicle parts are assembled by alternately performing the automatic work process and the manual work process according to the work order for the vehicle parts that are transported back and forth between the plurality of manual work stands that perform the respective processes and the automatic machine. Since the automatic machine and the manual work stand are separated from each other on the opposite side of the transfer movement path of the transfer device, the automatic machine and the manual work stand can be easily added without considering the arrangement of each other. Can In addition, since the vehicle parts are reciprocated between the automatic machine and the manual work stand, the arrangement of the automatic machine and the manual work stand and the change of the work order can be changed by changing the operation setting of the transfer device and expanding / contracting the transfer movement route. Can be done flexibly.
[0007]
Therefore, according to the vehicle parts assembly system of the present invention, it is possible to easily add an automatic machine or a manual work stand that performs the same operation as the existing one according to the degree of increase when the number of vehicles and the number of vehicles increase. In addition, it is possible to prevent the equipment from becoming low in operation when the number of vehicles and the number of vehicles are reduced, and it is possible to increase the equipment cost and personnel cost in proportion.
[0008]
The vehicle component assembled by the assembly system of the present invention may be an engine component, and the assembly process of the engine component is performed by loosening and tightening various mounting bolts by an automatic machine, Since the assembly work of the crankshaft, the connecting rod, the piston and the like is mixed, if the assembly system of the present invention is applied, the above-described effects of the assembly system can be enjoyed particularly advantageously.
[0009]
In assembling the engine component, the automatic machine loosens the cap mounting bolt for the crankshaft support bearing of the engine component, tightens the mounting bolt, and connects the cap mounting bolt for the connecting rod large end bearing. Tightening and tightening may be performed by a single unit. If these automatic bolts are loosened and tightened by a single automatic machine, the equipment and installation space of the engine assembly system will be minimal. You can do it.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which the vehicle component assembly system according to the present invention is applied to the assembly of an engine component as a vehicle component, specifically, a cylinder block portion of the engine, and FIG. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the assembly system of the embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a process diagram showing the assembly work process of the cylinder block portion performed in the assembly system of the embodiment. , 3 and 4 are manual work stands, 5 is a reversing machine, 6 is a carry-out stand, 7 is a shuttle conveyor, and 8 is a work that is assembled as a cylinder block part by assembling a crankshaft, piston, or the like.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 4, the work 8 here is loaded into the carry-in stand 1 as shown in FIG. 4, a cylinder block 8 a, a ladder frame 8 b having five crankshaft support bearing metal caps (CAP), Twenty-two mounting bolts B1 to B22 for attaching the ladder frame 8b to the lower surface of the cylinder block 8a are provided. The mounting bolts B1 to B22 are provided with a crankshaft support bearing metal cap and a cylinder block bearing. Since the inner peripheral surfaces of the metal support portions are integrated and finished, the ladder frame 8b is tightened to fix the ladder frame 8b to the cylinder block 8a.
[0012]
In the assembly system of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a work 8 positioned and fixed on a work base (pallet) by a clamper, a loading process P1, a CAP loosening process P2, a crankshaft assembling process P3, CAP tightening process P4, piston assembly process P5, connecting rod (connecting rod) tightening process P6, reversing process P7, and unloading process P8 are sequentially conveyed to assemble the cylinder block part from workpiece 8. In the carrying-in process P1, the work 8 is carried into the carrying-in stand 1, and in the CAP loosening process P2, the twenty-two pieces of the work 8 are arranged so that the automatic machine 2 can easily remove the ladder frame 8b. All the mounting bolts B1 to B22 are loosened. In the crankshaft assembly process P3, the ladder frame 8b of the work 8 is manually blocked by the manual work stand 3. 8a, set the support bearing metal on the crankshaft support bearing metal cap and the cylinder block bearing metal support, and after installing the crankshaft, replace the ladder frame 8b and replace the mounting bolts B1 to B22 Perform the setting work.
[0013]
In the CAP tightening process P4, the automatic machine 2 tightens all the twenty-two mounting bolts B1 to B22 of the work 8 and whether or not the mounting bolts are tightened to a predetermined tightening torque. Check the bolts for irregularities, and then rotate the crankshaft to measure the cranking torque and thrust gap, check the bending of the crank angle detection plate, and then stop the crankshaft at a predetermined rotational position to adjust the crank phase. In the piston assembly process P5, the piston on which the connecting rod is assembled is set manually in each cylinder bore of the cylinder block 8a of the work 8 by the manual work stand 4 and the large end of each connecting rod is Combined with each crankpin of the crankshaft, the large end of each connecting rod Set the connecting rod big end bearing cap and mounting bolts, perform the work of setting the four mounting bolts on the balancer with further mounting a balancer which will be described later at a predetermined position on the work base.
[0014]
Then, in the connecting rod tightening step P6, the automatic machine 2 stops the crankshaft at a predetermined rotational position, aligns the crank phase, and tightens the cap mounting bolts at the large ends of the connecting rods set on the workpiece 8. Then, taking up the balancer on the work base (vibration reducing device including a balancer shaft driven to rotate by a crankshaft), as shown in FIG. 4, on the end (the right end in the figure) of the ladder frame 8b. The balancer 9 is placed at a predetermined position, and all of the four mounting bolts B23 to B26 set on the balancer 9 are tightened, and then the end of the work 8 is sealed with a seal pad, and the crankshaft To perform a leak test and measure the cranking torque.In the reverse process P7, The work 5 is once removed from the work base by the turning machine 5 and reversed so that the ladder frame 8b faces the work base. Thereafter, the work 8 is positioned and fixed on the work base again. The work 8 is unloaded after a final check is made manually on the unloading stand 6 for the state of assembling the above-described components onto the unloading stand 6.
[0015]
In order to perform such work, the automatic machine 2 here, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, has four nut runners 2b on the booth 2a and the nut runners 2b at arbitrary positions three-dimensionally. There are four nut runner holding robots 2c that move and loosen and tighten the mounting bolts B1 to B22 and tighten the mounting bolts B23 to B26 to the nut runners 2b, and at the side of the booth 2a The cranking unit 2d is configured to move the drive shaft forward and backward relative to the work 8 and rotate the crankshaft assembled to the work 8 by the drive shaft during forward movement, and the seal pad is moved forward and backward relative to the work 8 to move forward. A leak test unit 2e that seals the rear oil seal mounting part of the workpiece 8 with the seal pad during movement, and a plurality of types of bolts A socket changer 2f (not shown in FIG. 5) for automatically adapting to the shape, and a work base taken out from the booth 2a for replacing the work 8 in the booth 2a on the front side of the booth 2a And a buffer conveyor 2g (not shown in FIG. 1) on which a work base supplied into the booth 2a can be placed simultaneously.
[0016]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the reversing machine 5 here moves forward and backward with respect to the workpiece 8 and, at the time of the forward movement, a claw 5a that can be engaged with an attachment 10 attached to the side of the workpiece 8, and a workpiece base The upper clamper is electrically operated or mechanically operated by pneumatic pressure or the like, and includes a clamper driving device (not shown) that automatically attaches / detaches the workpiece 8 to / from the workpiece base . , by advancing the nail 5a, causes the engagement of the pawl 5a on the attachment 10 of the work 8 to ladder frame 8b is turned upward as shown in FIG. 7 (a), on the work base in the clamper driving device Let the clamper release the workpiece 8, then raise the claw 5a to raise the workpiece 8 from the workpiece base , and then rotate the claw 5a 180 ° to remove the workpiece 8 The ladder frame 8b is turned downward so as to face the work base , and then the pawl 5a is lowered to place the work 8 on the work base . Finally, the clamper driving device applies the clamper on the work base to the work base. The workpiece 8 is clamped and positioned and fixed to the workpiece base , and the claw 5a is separated from the attachment 10 of the workpiece 8 and moved backward to complete the reversal of the workpiece 8.
[0017]
And the shuttle conveyor 7 here takes out the workpiece | work 8 from the carrying-in stand 1 like the said buffer conveyor 2g, and replacement | exchange of the workpiece | work 8 with respect to each of the automatic machine 2, the manual work stands 3 and 4, and the inversion machine 5. In order to load the work 8 to the unloading stand 6, two work base transfer devices 7a are provided so that two work bases can be simultaneously mounted, and the work base transfer devices 7a are illustrated. 1 and a shuttle drive device (not shown) that reciprocates on a predetermined path from the carry-in stand 1 to the carry-out stand 6 as indicated by an arrow S in FIG.
[0018]
8 to 11 show that the plurality of workpieces 8 are sequentially supplied to the carry-in stand 1 of the assembly system of the above-described embodiment, and the cylinder block portion is moved from each of the workpieces 8 from the carry-in stand 1 to the carry-out stand 6. It is a time chart which shows the example of allocation of the said carrying-in process P1 to the carrying-out process P8 from the carrying-in stand 1 to the carrying-out stand 6 at the time of an assembly, and the arrow in a figure conveys the workpiece | work 8 by the shuttle conveyor 7 in the figure. Is shown.
[0019]
In this time chart, three workpieces W1, W2, and W3 are sequentially loaded into the assembly system of the above-described embodiment, and are sequentially subjected to a loading process P1 to a loading process P8, so that each workpiece W1, W2, and W3 has a cylinder block. As the parts are assembled and unloaded, three workpieces W4, W5, and W6 are sequentially loaded into the assembly system of the above embodiment, and the assembly of the cylinder block portion is proceeding as shown in the figure. The same time chart is repeated after work W4. Here, an arrow with a symbol indicates that the workpiece with the symbol is placed and the shuttle conveyor 7 is moving from the original location of the arrow to the previous location, and the arrow without the symbol is This shows that the shuttle conveyor 7 is moving from the original location of the arrow to the previous location without placing a workpiece.
[0020]
Therefore, according to the assembly system of this embodiment, the shuttle conveyor 7 is arranged in an order corresponding to an assembly process in which four automatic work processes P2, P4, P6, P7 and three manual work processes P3, P5, P8 are mixed. The cylinder block part is assembled by reciprocating and transporting the workpiece 8 between the automatic machine 2 that performs the three automatic work processes P2, P4, and P6 and the two manual work stands 3 and 4. As shown in FIG. 12, the assembly work process of the cylinder block portion of the engine shown in FIG. 3 can be performed in a compact space.
[0021]
Moreover, according to the assembly system of this embodiment, since the automatic machine 2 and the manual work stands 3 and 4 are separated from each other on the opposite side of the transport movement path of the shuttle conveyor 7, for example, in FIG. As indicated by the phantom lines, the automatic machine 2 and the manual work stands 3 and 4 can be easily added without considering the arrangement of the automatic machine 2 and the manual work stand 3. Since the work 8 is reciprocally transferred to and from the machine 4, the operation setting of the shuttle conveyor 7 and the expansion and contraction of the transfer movement path can flexibly change the arrangement of the automatic machine 2 and the manual work stands 3 and 4 and the work order. It can be carried out.
[0022]
Therefore, according to the vehicle component assembly system of this embodiment, when the number of vehicles and the number of vehicles increase, automatic machines 2 and manual work stands 3 and 4 that perform the same work as the existing ones can be easily added. In addition, it is possible to prevent the equipment from becoming low in operation when the number of vehicles and the number of vehicles are reduced, and it is possible to increase the equipment cost and personnel cost in proportion.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which a vehicle component assembly system of the present invention is applied to an assembly of a cylinder block portion of an engine as a vehicle component.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the assembly system of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing an assembly work process of a cylinder block portion performed in the assembly system of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a work assembled as a cylinder block portion in the assembly system of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an automatic machine provided in the assembly system of the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a side view partially showing a reversing machine included in the assembly system of the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a work reversal state by the reversing machine.
FIG. 8 is a first part of a time chart showing an example of an assembling operation of a cylinder block portion performed in the assembling system of the embodiment described above.
FIG. 9 is the second part of the time chart.
FIG. 10 is the third part of the time chart.
FIG. 11 is the last part of the time chart.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an integration state of the assembly work process of FIG. 3 by the assembly system of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Loading stand 2 Automatic machine 3, 4 Manual work stand 5 Inversion machine 6 Unloading stand 7 Shuttle conveyor 8 Workpiece
P1 loading process
P2 CAP loosening process
P3 Crankshaft assembly process
P4 CAP tightening process
P5 Piston assembly process
P6 Connecting rod tightening process
P7 Inversion process
P8 Unloading process

Claims (4)

In an assembly system for assembling vehicle parts by an assembly process in which a plurality of automatic work processes and a plurality of manual work processes are mixed in the routing so that the automatic work process and the manual work process are alternately repeated ,
A transfer device (7) in which the end-ended transfer movement path is set at a predetermined position;
An automatic machine (2) that is arranged on one side of the transfer movement path of the transfer device and performs the plurality of automatic operation steps in one place;
A plurality of manual work stands (3, 4) arranged on a side opposite to the side on which the automatic machine is arranged with respect to a transport movement path of the transport device, and performing the plurality of manual work steps;
With
The conveying device, and reciprocated the vehicle part (8) between said plurality of manual stand and the automatic machine,
The automatic machine performs the automatic work process according to the routing for the vehicle parts that are reciprocally conveyed between the automatic machine and the plurality of manual work stands that respectively perform the plurality of manual work processes. A system for assembling vehicle parts, wherein the system is alternately performed .   The vehicle parts assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle parts are engine components (8).   The automatic machine (2) is configured to loosen the crankshaft support bearing cap mounting bolt of the engine component (8), tighten the mounting bolt, and tighten the connecting rod large end bearing cap mounting bolt. The system for assembling a vehicle part according to claim 2, wherein the system is performed on a table. The vehicle component assembly system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a carry-in stand at one end of the end-carrying transfer movement path and a carry-out stand at the other end.

Images