JP3963658B2 - Decompression device for 4-stroke cycle internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a decompression device that assists the start of a four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine by a starter motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine in which a decompression cam having a built-in one-way clutch capable of transmitting torque only during reverse rotation of the camshaft is fitted to the camshaft adjacent to one of the intake and exhaust cams integrated with the camshaft In this case, when the internal combustion engine is stopped, the crankshaft that has continued to rotate due to the rotational inertia of the internal combustion engine rotation system is temporarily stopped by the rise in pressure in the combustion chamber before the top dead center of the compression stroke, and then reversed. At one time, the one-way clutch interposed between the camshaft and the decompression cam is engaged, the decompression cam is also reversed, and either one of the intake and exhaust valves is opened by the camshaft of the decompression cam. The rolling torque is reduced, and starting is subsidized.
[0003]
And, in order to set the cam crest position of the decompression cam at a predetermined position when the four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine is stopped, conventionally, a locking piece protrudes from the decompression cam, and a blind hole faces the locking piece. There is a decompression device in which a coil spring and a stopper are sequentially fitted in the blind hole (see JP-A-5-86824).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine with a decompression device, a member such as a cylinder head cover can be mounted and removed on the opening extension side of the blind hole, but the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover are integrated. However, it is troublesome to attach the stopper to the cylinder head, and maintenance is troublesome.
[0005]
[Means for solving the problems and effects]
The present invention relates to an improvement in a decompression device for a four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine that overcomes such difficulties, and includes an intake / exhaust valve that is driven to open and close via a rocker arm by an intake / exhaust cam integral with a camshaft, In a four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine started by a starter motor whose arm portion extends in a direction crossing the piston sliding direction, the rocker arm can transmit torque only when the camshaft is reversely rotated. A decompression cam with a built-in directional clutch is disposed adjacent to one or both of the intake and exhaust cams, and is used for contacting the outer peripheral surface of the decompression cam formed at a bifurcated end portion that pivotally supports a roller of the exhaust rocker arm. Positioned so that it can abut against the abutting part, it is fitted to the camshaft, and a locking piece projects into the decompression cam. The surface of the locking piece that becomes the front surface in the traveling direction when the decompression cam is reversed is formed as a gently inclined surface from the base portion toward the distal end portion, and protrudes by a spring toward the locking piece of the decompression cam. A stopper for locking the stopper piece is disposed in the extending direction of the extending portion along the extending portion of the arm portion of the rocker arm, and the cylinder head toward the inside from the outside of the cylinder head or the cylinder head cover. Alternatively, the cylinder head cover is provided through the cylinder head cover.
[0006]
Since the present invention is configured as described above, even if the stopper does not face in the direction along the piston sliding direction, the stopper is attached to the cylinder head or cylinder head cover in the stopper extension direction at the position where the stopper should be installed. Can be easily provided with a stopper that holds the decompression cam at a predetermined angle in normal operation regardless of the presence or absence of the cylinder head cover and the direction of the stopper. As a result, the number of parts can be reduced, assembling and maintenance can be greatly improved, and costs can be reduced.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 will be described.
[0008]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main body of the single-cylinder OHC 4-stroke cycle internal combustion engine 0 mounted on a motorcycle (not shown) and equipped with the decompression device of the present invention has a cylinder hole 4 substantially in front (FIG. 1). In FIG. 2, the cylinder block 1 oriented in the horizontal direction, the crankcase 2 disposed at the rear end of the cylinder block 1, and the cylinder head 3 disposed at the front end of the cylinder block 1 A cylinder hole 4 is formed in the cylinder block 1, and the cylinder block 1 crankcase 2 and the cylinder head are fastened by bolts that pass through the cylinder head 3 and the cylinder block 1 from the front of the vehicle body and are screwed to the crankcase 2. 3 are united together.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 2, a piston 5 is slidably fitted into the cylinder hole 4 of the cylinder block 1 and is pivotally supported by the crankcase 2 in the vehicle width direction. The crankshaft 6 and the piston 5 are connected by a connecting rod 7, and the crankshaft 6 is driven to rotate clockwise in FIG. 1 in conjunction with the reciprocating motion of the piston 5.
[0010]
Further, in the crankcase 2, a main shaft 8 and a countershaft 9 are pivotally supported in parallel with the crankshaft 6, and are not shown integrally provided at one end of the countershaft 9 protruding outward from the crankcase 2. and the drive sprocket wheel integral with the driven sprocket after not shown (not shown) and the endless chain (not shown) is passed rack, the clutch is provided on said crank shaft 6 and the main shaft 8, the main The shaft 8 and the countershaft 9 are provided with gears (not shown). When the crankshaft 6 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed or more and the clutch is connected, the gears of the main shaft 8 and the countershaft 9 are selectively selected. Not shown with a predetermined gear ratio due to meshing The rear wheels are driven to rotate.
[0011]
Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, the cylinder head 3 is formed with an intake passage 11 and an exhaust passage 12 communicating with the combustion chamber 10 above the cylinder hole 4. An intake valve 13 provided and an exhaust valve 14 provided in the exhaust passage 12 are arranged in a V shape so as to be freely opened and closed. The intake valve 13 and the top of the exhaust valve 14 are integrally mounted. The intake valve 13 and the exhaust valve 14 are urged to be always closed by the spring force of the valve spring 16 interposed between the retainer 15 and the cylinder head 3. On the upstream side of the intake passage 11, a throttle valve, a carburetor, and a filter (not shown) are arranged toward the upstream side.
[0012]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a camshaft 19 is provided in the center of the space above the intake valve 13 and the exhaust valve 14. As shown in FIG. 2, the camshaft 19 is integrally provided with an intake cam 17 and an exhaust cam 18, and is pivotally supported by the cylinder head 3 via a pair of bearings 20. At one end of the cam shaft 19, driven sprocket 22 by a plurality of bolts 21 are integrally attached to an endless chain 24 is passed rack to the crank shaft 6 integral with the drive sprocket 23 and the driven sprocket 22, The camshaft 19 is rotationally driven at a rotational speed that is half the rotational speed of the crankshaft 6.
[0013]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, a pair of rocker shafts 25 are arranged in parallel with the camshaft 19 and are located between the tops of the intake valves 13 and the exhaust valves 14 and the camshaft 19. An intake rocker arm 26 and an exhaust rocker arm 27 are pivotally supported on the rocker shaft 25 so as to be swingable. A tappet screw 28 is screwed to one end of the intake rocker arm 26 and the exhaust rocker arm 27. As shown in FIGS . 9 to 11, the roller support shaft 30 is fixed to the roller support shaft 30 fitted to the other end bifurcated ends of the intake rocker arm 26 and the exhaust rocker arm 27 as shown in FIGS. A roller 32 is rotatably supported via a needle bearing 31.
[0014]
Furthermore, a cam that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface 36 of the decompression cam 35 to be described later is provided on the lower surface (in FIGS. 9 to 11) of the outer end portion 27a among the other bifurcated end portions of the exhaust rocker arm 27. A contact portion 33 is formed.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 2, a decompression cam 35 having a one-way clutch 34 is fitted to the camshaft 19 adjacent to the outer end 27a of the exhaust rocker arm 27. In FIG. 7, when the camshaft 19 rotates clockwise (rotation in the direction of arrow N), the clockwise torque of the camshaft 19 is hardly transmitted to the decompression cam 35, and the camshaft 19 rotates counterclockwise. In the case of (rotation in the direction of arrow R), the counterclockwise torque of the camshaft 19 is transmitted to the decompression cam 35.
[0016]
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, on the outer peripheral surface 36 of the decompression cam 35, a notch portion 37, a cam peak portion 38 positioned on the clockwise side from this, and the notch portion 37 are cams of the exhaust rocker arm 27. A locking protrusion 39 that can be locked to the stopper piece 41 described later is formed in contact with the contact portion 33.
[0017]
Further, in FIG. 3 to FIG. 8, a through hole 40 is formed in the cylinder head 3 from the left (above the vehicle body) toward the camshaft 19, and this through hole 40 engages with a small diameter portion at the tip of the through hole 40. A stopper piece 41 is fitted toward the camshaft 19, a coil spring 42 is loosely fitted, and a bolt 43 is screwed to the base end portion of the through hole 40, so that the decompression cam 35 rotates in the forward direction ( When rotating clockwise (N direction), the locking protrusion 39 is locked to the stopper piece 41, and the decompression cam 35 is rotated in the reverse direction (counterclockwise direction, R direction). When the inclined surface 39a of 39 is in contact with the stopper piece 41, the stopper piece 41 is elastically pushed inward by the inclined surface 39a of the engaging projection 39, and the engaging projection 39 of the decompression cam 35 is You can get over the stopper piece 41 without being locked to 41. It has become.
[0018]
Since the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 is configured as described above, when the internal combustion engine 0 stops operating in a normal operation state, the combustion chamber 10 is in the combustion chamber 10 before the top dead center of the compression stroke. The crankshaft 6 stops due to the pressure increase, and the intake cam 17, the exhaust cam 18 and the decompression cam 35 of the camshaft 19 at that time are in the positions shown in FIG.
[0019]
Then, after the crankshaft 6 is temporarily stopped, when the crankshaft 6 is slightly reversed counterclockwise and stopped by the high pressure in the combustion chamber 10, the decompression cam 35 is also at the same angle as shown in FIG. The cam contact portion 33 of the exhaust rocker arm 27 rides on the cam peak portion 38 of the decompression cam 35, the exhaust rocker arm 27 swings clockwise, and the exhaust valve 14 is in the compression stroke. Even if there is, it is released.
[0020]
When the camshaft 19 rotates in the clockwise direction in conjunction with the crankshaft 6 that is rotationally driven by a starter motor (not shown) in the operation stop state shown in FIG. 4, the exhaust gas is exhausted as shown in FIG. The cam 18 approaches the roller 32 of the exhaust rocker arm 27. During that time, the cam contact portion 33 of the exhaust rocker arm 27 contacts the cam peak portion 38 of the decompression cam 35 and friction force acts on the decompression cam 35. The decompression cam 35 is stationary regardless of the forward rotation of the camshaft 19 and the exhaust cam 18.
[0021]
In the state shown in FIG. 5, when the camshaft 19 further rotates forward and enters the state shown in FIG. 6, the roller 32 of the exhaust rocker arm 27 rides on the cam crest of the exhaust cam 18, and the exhaust rocker arm 27 Since the cam contact portion 33 of the cam is disengaged from the cam peak portion 38 of the decompression cam 35, the decompression cam 35 is completely unrestrained, and the decompression cam 35 is rotated together with the camshaft 19 in the clockwise direction by the slight forward transmission torque of the one-way clutch 34. Then, the locking projection 39 of the decompression cam 35 is abutted and locked to the stopper piece 41, and the decompression cam 35 stops at that position.
[0022]
Then, when the camshaft 19 and the exhaust cam 18 further rotate forward and the cam crest of the exhaust cam 18 is disengaged from the roller 32 of the exhaust rocker arm 27 as shown in FIG. Since the contact portion 33 comes into contact with the notch portion 37 of the decompression cam 35 and the decompression function by the decompression cam 35 is released, the single cylinder OHC 4-stroke cycle internal combustion engine 0 shifts to a normal operation state.
[0023]
Thus, since the combustion chamber 10 is in communication with the atmosphere from the top dead center of the compression stroke to the end of the intake stroke via the expansion stroke and the exhaust stroke, the pressure rise in the combustion chamber 10 causes a simple increase. The forward rotation suppression force of the cylinder OHC 4-stroke cycle internal combustion engine 0 is eliminated, the forward rotation of the crankshaft 6 is smoothly and sufficiently accelerated, and the single-cylinder OHC 4-stroke cycle internal combustion engine 0 can be reliably started.
[0024]
Further, the outer peripheral surface 36 of the decompression cam 35 does not contact the roller 32 pivotally supported by the end portion of the exhaust rocker arm 27, and the bifurcated end portion of the exhaust rocker arm 27 supporting the roller 32 Since the cam contact portion 33 of the exhaust cam is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 36 of the decompression cam 35, the width of the exhaust rocker arm 27 is reduced without increasing the length of the roller 32. As a result, the exhaust rocker arm 27 is small. In addition, the entire valve operating apparatus is compactly integrated, and the single cylinder OHC 4-stroke cycle internal combustion engine 0 can be reduced in size and weight.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external view of a single-cylinder OHC four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine equipped with a decompression device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the internal combustion engine.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder head portion showing the decompression device of the same embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the decompression device according to the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of the decompression device according to the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of the decompression device according to the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of the decompression device according to the embodiment;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a decompression cam and a stopper according to the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a side view of the exhaust rocker arm of the same embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a top view of the exhaust rocker arm of the same embodiment.
11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 0 ... Single cylinder OHC 4 stroke cycle internal combustion engine, 1 ... Cylinder block, 2 ... Crankcase, 3 ... Cylinder head, 4 ... Cylinder hole, 5 ... Piston, 6 ... Crankshaft, 7 ... Connecting rod, 8 ... Main shaft, 9 ... countershaft, 10 ... combustion chamber, 11 ... intake passage, 12 ... exhaust passage, 13 ... intake valve, 14 ... exhaust valve, 15 ... retainer, 16 ... valve spring, 17 ... intake cam, 18 ... exhaust cam, 19 ... Camshaft, 20 ... Bearing, 21 ... Bolt, 22 ... Driven sprocket, 23 ... Drive sprocket, 24 ... Endless chain, 25 ... Rocker shaft, 26 ... Intake rocker arm, 27 ... Exhaust rocker arm, 28 ... Tappet screw, 29 ... Lock Nut, 30 ... Roller support shaft, 31 ... Needle bearing, 32 ... Roller, 33 ... Cam contact portion, 34 ... One-way clutch, 35 ... Decompression Cam, 36 ... outer peripheral surface, 37 ... notch, 38 ... cam crest, 39 ... locking projection, 39a ... inclined surface of locking projection, 40 ... through hole, 41 ... stopper piece, 42 ... coil spring 43, bolt, N, forward direction, R, reverse direction.

Claims (1)

Intake / exhaust valves that are opened and closed by rocker arms by intake / exhaust cams integrated with the camshaft are provided, and the rocker arms extend in the direction intersecting the piston sliding direction. In a four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine started by a starter motor, a decompression cam having a built-in one-way clutch capable of transmitting torque only when the camshaft is reversed is adjacent to one or both of the intake and exhaust cams, And it is positioned so that it can come into contact with the abutment portion for the abutment of the outer peripheral surface of the decompression cam formed on the bifurcated end portion that pivotally supports the roller of the exhaust rocker arm, and is fitted on the camshaft, When the locking piece protrudes and the decompression cam is reversed, the surface of the locking piece that becomes the front surface in the traveling direction is from the base to the tip. Is formed on the gently inclined surface tinge, a stopper for engaging the engaging pieces protrude by a spring towards the locking piece of the decompression cam is of the extending portion along the extending portion of the arm portion of the rocker arm A decompression device for an internal combustion engine of a four-stroke cycle, which is arranged in an extending direction and is provided so as to penetrate the cylinder head or the cylinder head cover from the outside to the inside of the cylinder head or the cylinder head cover.

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