JP3959573B2 - Power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents

Power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3959573B2
JP3959573B2 JP25037998A JP25037998A JP3959573B2 JP 3959573 B2 JP3959573 B2 JP 3959573B2 JP 25037998 A JP25037998 A JP 25037998A JP 25037998 A JP25037998 A JP 25037998A JP 3959573 B2 JP3959573 B2 JP 3959573B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
phase
photovoltaic power
power conditioner
outlet
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP25037998A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000069677A (en
Inventor
雅英 山口
晋也 横山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GS Yuasa Corp
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GS Yuasa Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの改良、特にその保護装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナを一般個人住宅にて使用する場合、通常、単相三線式の配電線に連系することがおこなわれている。その際、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの容量が比較的大きい場合は、配電線との接続は端子台などを使用して強固におこなわれるのが一般的である。
【0003】
一方、比較的小型の太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの場合は、設置の容易性やメンテナンス性を考慮して、端子台を使用せず、コンセントやコネクタなどを使用して配電線に接続することが考えられる。図2は、このような太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナを使用した場合の従来の構成例で、1は太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ、2は太陽電池、3はインバータ、4は連系用リレー、5は不平衡電圧検出器、6はコンセント、7はELCB、8は配電線、9および10は住宅内負荷である。
【0004】
本構成の動作を簡単に説明すると、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ1は、太陽電池2が発電した直流電力をインバータ3により交流に変換し、コンセント6と分電盤に設置されたELCB7を介して、配電線8に連系される。また、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ1には、連系用リレーが内蔵されており、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ1の運転とともに閉となるように制御される。
【0005】
一方、住宅内には単相三線の中性相と両側の各相の間に各種の負荷9、10が接続されており、住宅内負荷9と住宅内負荷10の容量は、一般的に異なっている場合がほとんどである。このとき、住宅内に過負荷や地絡などが発生し、ELCB7がトリップしたとすると、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ1からの電力供給は、通常、単相三線式の両側の各相に対しておこなわれるため、中性相の電圧は、住宅内負荷9と住宅内負荷10の分圧にて決まり、住宅内負荷9または住宅内負荷10に最大2倍の過電圧が印加されることがある。
【0006】
これを防止するため、通常、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ1内には不平衡電圧検出器5が内蔵され、中性相からみた両側の各相の電圧のいずれかが、120V程度を越えれば、すみやかにインバータ3を停止し、連系用リレー4が開となるように構成されている。これにより、住宅内負荷9または住宅内負荷10への過電圧の印加が防止できる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、コンセント6は端子台と異なり、接続の信頼性が比較的低い。したがって、万一、コンセント6の中性相に接続不良が発生すれば、不平衡電圧検出器5が住宅内負荷9または住宅内負荷10の過電圧を検出できず、これらを焼損させる可能性がある。
【0008】
また、通常、不平衡電圧検出器5の各相の入力インピーダンスはほぼ等しいので、コンセント6の中性相に接続不良が発生していたとしても、不平衡電圧検出器5の各相に印加される電圧はほぼ等しくなり、あらかじめこれを検出することは困難である。
【0009】
本発明の目的は、このようなコンセント6の接続不良をあらかじめ検出し、住宅内負荷への過電圧の印加を防止する保護装置を備えた太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナを提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本課題を解決するため、本発明では、コンセントまたはコネクタを使用して単相三線式の配電線に連系する太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナにおいて、この太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの交流出力の中性相と両側の各相間に、不平衡な疑似負荷を挿入するとともに、前記中性相と両側の各相間の不平衡電圧を検出する不平衡電圧検出器を備えるようにした。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
前述手段として、交流出力の中性相と両側の各相間に挿入する不平衡な疑似負荷としては、例えば抵抗器、コンデンサ、リアクトルなど使用し、その値を不平衡にしておけばよい。また、不平衡電圧を検出する不平衡電圧検出器は従来のものがそのまま使用できる。このようにすることにより、コンセントの接続不良をあらかじめ検出し、住宅内負荷への過電圧の印加を防止することができる。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の一実施例について、図面を参照して説明する。
【0013】
図1は本発明を実施した太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナによる構成例で、11と12は本発明による疑似負荷として用いた抵抗器である。また、これ以外の構成は図2と同じであるため同じ符号を付けて説明を省略する。
【0014】
本実施例では、コンセント6の接続が正常な場合に、ELCB7のトリップによって発生する過電圧の保護については、従来と同様である。しかし、万一、コンセント6の中性相に接続不良が発生すると、不平衡電圧検出器5の各相の入力インピーダンスが比較的高いことから、不平衡電圧検出器5の各相に印加される電圧は、抵抗器11と抵抗器12によって分圧された電圧となる。したがって、抵抗器11と抵抗器12によって分圧された電圧が、不平衡電圧検出器5の検出電圧、通常120V以上となるように抵抗器11と抵抗器12を選定すれば、コンセント6の中性相の接続異常を検出することが可能となり、すみやかにインバータ3を停止して、連系用リレー4を開放することができる。
【0015】
また、不平衡電圧検出器5の各相の入力インピーダンスは比較的高いので、抵抗器11と抵抗器12には、さほど容量の大きなものは必要とせず、太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ1の損失の増加は無視できる。
【0016】
なお、前記抵抗器の換わりに、コンデンサやリアクトルを使用しても同様の効果が得られることは、明らかである。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、コンセントやコネクタを使用して単相三線式の配電線に連系する太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナにおいて、この太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの交流出力の中性相と両側の各相間に、不平衡な疑似負荷を挿入するというきわめて簡単な方法で、前記コンセントやコネクタの接続不良を検出でき、過電圧による住宅内負荷の焼損を防止できるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの一実施例を示す回路図
【図2】従来の太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの一例を示す回路図
【符号の説明】
1 太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ
2 太陽電池
3 インバータ
4 連系用リレー
5 不平衡電圧検出器
6 コンセント
7 ELCB
8 配電線
9、10 住宅内負荷
11、12 疑似負荷
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of a power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation, and particularly to a protection device therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When the power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation is used in a general private house, it is usually connected to a single-phase three-wire distribution line. At that time, when the capacity of the power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation is relatively large, the connection with the distribution line is generally performed firmly using a terminal block or the like.
[0003]
On the other hand, in the case of a relatively small photovoltaic power conditioner, in consideration of ease of installation and maintainability, do not use a terminal block, but connect to the distribution line using an outlet or connector. Can be considered. FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional configuration in which such a photovoltaic power conditioner is used. 1 is a photovoltaic power conditioner, 2 is a solar cell, 3 is an inverter, and 4 is an interconnection relay. 5 is an unbalanced voltage detector, 6 is an outlet, 7 is an ELCB, 8 is a distribution line, and 9 and 10 are loads in a house.
[0004]
Briefly explaining the operation of this configuration, the power conditioner 1 for photovoltaic power generation converts the DC power generated by the solar battery 2 into AC by the inverter 3 and passes through the outlet 6 and the ELCB 7 installed in the distribution board. And connected to the distribution line 8. The photovoltaic power conditioner 1 has a built-in relay, and is controlled to be closed when the photovoltaic power conditioner 1 is operated.
[0005]
On the other hand, various loads 9 and 10 are connected between the neutral phase of the single-phase three-wire and the phases on both sides in the house, and the capacities of the house load 9 and the house load 10 are generally different. It is almost the case. At this time, if an overload or ground fault occurs in the house and the ELCB 7 trips, the power supply from the photovoltaic power conditioner 1 is normally applied to each phase on both sides of the single-phase three-wire system. Therefore, the neutral phase voltage is determined by the partial pressure of the in-house load 9 and the in-house load 10, and an overvoltage of up to 2 times may be applied to the in-house load 9 or the in-house load 10. .
[0006]
In order to prevent this, normally, an unbalanced voltage detector 5 is built in the power conditioner 1 for photovoltaic power generation, and if any of the voltages on both sides viewed from the neutral phase exceeds about 120V. The inverter 3 is immediately stopped and the interconnection relay 4 is opened. Thereby, application of overvoltage to the in-house load 9 or the in-house load 10 can be prevented.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, unlike the terminal block, the outlet 6 has a relatively low connection reliability. Therefore, if a connection failure occurs in the neutral phase of the outlet 6, the unbalanced voltage detector 5 cannot detect the overvoltage of the residential load 9 or the residential load 10 and may burn them out. .
[0008]
In addition, since the input impedance of each phase of the unbalanced voltage detector 5 is generally equal, even if a connection failure occurs in the neutral phase of the outlet 6, it is applied to each phase of the unbalanced voltage detector 5. The voltages are almost equal, and it is difficult to detect this in advance.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to provide a power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation that includes a protection device that detects such a connection failure of the outlet 6 in advance and prevents application of an overvoltage to a load in a house.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve this problem, in the present invention, in a photovoltaic power conditioner connected to a single-phase three-wire distribution line using an outlet or a connector, the AC power output of the photovoltaic power conditioner is An unbalanced pseudo load is inserted between the neutral phase and each phase on both sides, and an unbalance voltage detector for detecting the unbalance voltage between the neutral phase and each phase on both sides is provided.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As the aforementioned means, as the unbalanced pseudo load inserted between the neutral phase of the AC output and each phase on both sides, for example, a resistor, a capacitor, a reactor or the like may be used, and the value may be unbalanced. A conventional unbalanced voltage detector for detecting the unbalanced voltage can be used as it is. By doing in this way, the connection failure of an outlet can be detected beforehand and the application of the overvoltage to the load in a house can be prevented.
[0012]
【Example】
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is a configuration example of a photovoltaic power conditioner embodying the present invention, and 11 and 12 are resistors used as pseudo loads according to the present invention. In addition, since the configuration other than this is the same as that in FIG.
[0014]
In this embodiment, when the connection of the outlet 6 is normal, the overvoltage protection caused by the trip of the ELCB 7 is the same as the conventional one. However, if a connection failure occurs in the neutral phase of the outlet 6, the input impedance of each phase of the unbalanced voltage detector 5 is relatively high, so that it is applied to each phase of the unbalanced voltage detector 5. The voltage is a voltage divided by the resistor 11 and the resistor 12. Therefore, if the resistor 11 and the resistor 12 are selected so that the voltage divided by the resistor 11 and the resistor 12 becomes equal to or higher than the detection voltage of the unbalanced voltage detector 5, usually 120V, the outlet 6 It becomes possible to detect the abnormal connection of the sex phase, and the inverter 3 can be stopped immediately and the interconnection relay 4 can be opened.
[0015]
Further, since the input impedance of each phase of the unbalanced voltage detector 5 is relatively high, the resistors 11 and 12 do not need to have a very large capacity, and the loss of the photovoltaic power conditioner 1 is not required. The increase in is negligible.
[0016]
It is obvious that the same effect can be obtained by using a capacitor or a reactor instead of the resistor.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in the photovoltaic power conditioner that is connected to the single-phase three-wire distribution line using an outlet or a connector, the AC output of the photovoltaic power conditioner is A very simple method of inserting an unbalanced pseudo load between the sex phase and each phase on both sides can detect the connection failure of the outlet and the connector and can prevent the burning of the load in the house due to overvoltage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation 2 Solar cell 3 Inverter 4 Relay for connection 5 Unbalance voltage detector 6 Outlet 7 ELCB
8 Distribution line 9, 10 Load in house 11, 12 Pseudo load

Claims (1)

コンセントまたはコネクタを使用して単相三線式の配電線に連系する太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナにおいて、この太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナの交流出力の中性相と両側の各相間に、不平衡な疑似負荷を挿入するとともに、前記中性相と両側の各相間の不平衡電圧を検出する不平衡電圧検出器を備えたことを特徴とする太陽光発電用パワーコンディショナ。In a photovoltaic power conditioner that is connected to a single-phase, three-wire distribution line using an outlet or a connector, there is no connection between the neutral phase of this photovoltaic power conditioner and each phase on both sides. A power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation, comprising an unbalanced voltage detector for detecting an unbalanced voltage between the neutral phase and each phase on both sides while inserting a balanced pseudo load.
JP25037998A 1998-08-20 1998-08-20 Power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation Expired - Lifetime JP3959573B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25037998A JP3959573B2 (en) 1998-08-20 1998-08-20 Power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25037998A JP3959573B2 (en) 1998-08-20 1998-08-20 Power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation

Publications (2)

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JP2000069677A JP2000069677A (en) 2000-03-03
JP3959573B2 true JP3959573B2 (en) 2007-08-15

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7733069B2 (en) 2000-09-29 2010-06-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Power converting apparatus and power generating apparatus
JP4606383B2 (en) * 2006-05-30 2011-01-05 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Distributed generator

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