JP3953876B2

JP3953876B2 - Stair structure

Info

Publication number: JP3953876B2
Application number: JP2002116867A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 富三雄青木
Original assignee: Sumitomo Forestry Crest Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sumitomo Forestry Crest Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-04-18
Filing date: 2002-04-18
Publication date: 2007-08-08
Anticipated expiration: 2022-04-18
Also published as: JP2003314018A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ささら桁に段板及び蹴込み板を取り付けて構成してなる階段構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
住宅等において階段を施工する場合、互いに対面する階段室の各側壁に一対のささら桁を斜めに取り付け、しかる後、ささら桁に段板と蹴込み板を固定するとともに、内装仕上げの際、階段室の側壁と段板との取合いを隠すため、段板及び蹴込み板に沿って巾木を取り付けるのが一般的である。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ここで、段板は通常、蹴込み板から数ｃｍ正面に突出しており、かかる突出部分は段鼻と呼ばれているが、上述した巾木を段板及び蹴込み板に沿って取り付ける場合、段鼻を避けるようにして取り付ける必要がある。
【０００４】
そのため、段鼻と干渉しないよう、巾木に切り欠き加工を施さねばならず、現場での作業効率が悪いという問題を生じていた。
【０００５】
また、段板をささら桁に固定する場合、該段板の側方縁部から釘を打込み、あるいはビスをねじ込んでいたが、かかる釘やビスの頭部が階段室に露出すると、階段室全体の意匠性が低下するため、廊下や居室に用いる巾木よりも厚みが大きな階段専用の巾木を用いることで、上述した釘やビスの頭部を隠す必要があり、このような階段専用の巾木を用いることによるコスト高も問題となっていた。
【０００６】
本発明は、上述した事情を考慮してなされたもので、現場での巾木の切り欠き加工を省略するとともに、居室や廊下等で使用する標準的な巾木を階段室の巾木としても用いることが可能な階段構造を提供することを目的とする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る階段構造は請求項１に記載したように、段板と、該段板の階段後方にて立設される蹴込み板と、水平部と鉛直部とが階段昇降方向に沿って段状に連続形成されたささら桁とからなり、前記水平部を壁面側に配置される第１の巾木隣接部と該第１の巾木隣接部から前記段板の厚み分だけ階段側に下がった位置に段状に形成された段板支承部とから構成して該段板支承部の上面に前記段板を支承するように構成するとともに、前記鉛直部を壁面側に配置される第２の巾木隣接部と該第２の巾木隣接部から前記蹴込み板の厚み分だけ階段後方に段状に後退させた蹴込み板当接部とから構成して該蹴込み板当接部の正面に前記蹴込み板を当接するように構成し、前記第１の巾木隣接部と前記第２の巾木隣接部とを階段昇降方向に沿って段状に連続配置したものである。
【０００８】
また、本発明に係る階段構造は、前記段板の階段後方隅部の上面に切り欠きを設けて嵌合凸部を形成するとともに、該嵌合凸部が嵌め込まれる嵌合凹部を前記ささら桁の前記蹴込み板当接部に形成し、該嵌合凹部の奥行きを前記嵌合凸部の長さから前記蹴込み板の厚みを差し引いた寸法とするとともに、互いに係合可能な一対の係合部のうち、一方の係合部を前記水平部の階段側側面に設け、他方の係合部を前記段板の木口又は下面に設けたものである。
【０００９】
本発明に係る階段構造においては、ささら桁の水平部を壁面側に配置される第１の巾木隣接部と該第１の巾木隣接部から段板の厚み分だけ階段側に下がった位置に段状に形成された段板支承部とから構成するとともに、ささら桁の鉛直部を壁面側に配置される第２の巾木隣接部と該第２の巾木隣接部から蹴込み板の厚み分だけ階段後方に段状に後退させた蹴込み板当接部とから構成してあり、階段を施工する際は、まず、互いに対面する階段室の各側壁に一対のささら桁をそれぞれ取り付ける。
【００１０】
次に、段板をその両側方縁部が各ささら桁の段板支承部の上面にそれぞれ支承されるように取り付けるとともに、蹴込み板をその両側方縁部が各ささら桁の蹴込み板当接部の正面にそれぞれ当接されるように取り付ける。
【００１１】
このとき、段板の上面とささら桁の第１の巾木隣接部の上面とは同一高さとなるとともに、蹴込み板の正面とささら桁の第２の巾木隣接部の正面とが同一面となる。
【００１２】
段板をささら桁に取り付けるにあたっては、段板の下面からささら桁の第１の巾木隣接部に向けて釘を斜めに打ち込んで固定したり、予め段板の下面にＬ型金具を取り付けておき、かかるＬ字金具をビスでささら桁に固定したりすることが考えられる。なお、釘を斜めに打ち込む場合は、段板がささら桁から浮き上がらないよう、適宜上面側から段板を押さえることとなる。
【００１３】
次に、ささら桁の第１の巾木隣接部の上面及び第２の巾木隣接部の正面に沿って巾木を取り付ける。なお、段板の先端は、通常、蹴込み板から段鼻として突出させることが多く、本発明では、該蹴込み板がささら桁の蹴込み板当接部に当接される。したがって、巾木を第２の巾木隣接部の正面に沿って取り付ける際には、段板側方縁部と階段室の側壁との間に生じている隙間に差し込むようにして取り付ける。ちなみに、かかる隙間は第２の巾木隣接部の厚みと同一寸法となる。
【００１４】
このようにすると、階段室の側壁に巾木を取り付ける際、従来のように蹴込み板及び段板に当接させるのではなく、ささら桁のうち、階段昇降方向に沿って段状に連続形成された第１の巾木隣接部及び第２の巾木隣接部に当接させることとなるので、段板の段鼻に合わせて巾木を現場にて切り欠き加工する必要がない。
【００１５】
なお、段板の上面とささら桁の第１の巾木隣接部の上面とは同一高さとなるとともに、蹴込み板の正面とささら桁の第２の巾木隣接部の正面とが同一面となるように構成してあり、かかる第１の巾木隣接部の上面及び第２の巾木隣接部の正面に当接させた状態にて階段室の側壁に巾木を取り付けることにより、ささら桁の露出を防止することができる。
【００１６】
また、従来は、段板の上面からささら桁に釘やビスを打ち込むことで段板をささら桁に固定せざるを得ず、その結果、釘やビスの頭部を階段専用の厚みのある巾木で隠す必要があったが、本発明では、ささら桁の水平部を段状に形成してあるので、段板の下面からささら桁に向けて斜め上方に釘やビスを打ち込むことが可能となる。そのため、釘やビスの頭部を巾木で隠す必要がなくなり、階段専用の厚みのある巾木に代えて、居室や廊下等で用いる標準的な巾木を階段室の巾木としても用いることができる。
【００１７】
ささら桁の第１の巾木隣接部及び第２の巾木隣接部の幅は、取り付ける巾木の厚さと同じになるように設定する。
【００１８】
段板は、その階段後方縁部の上面に溝を形成し、該溝に蹴込み板の下縁を差し込むことができるように構成するとともに、段鼻の下面にも溝を形成し、該溝に蹴込み板の上縁を差し込むことができるように構成しておくのが望ましい。
【００１９】
ここで、段板をささら桁に取り付けるにあたっては、上述したように段板がささら桁から浮き上がらないように段板の上面を押さえるようにしてもよいが、段板の階段後方隅部の上面に切り欠きを設けて嵌合凸部を形成するとともに、該嵌合凸部が嵌め込まれる嵌合凹部をささら桁の蹴込み板当接部に形成し、該嵌合凹部の奥行きを嵌合凸部の長さから蹴込み板の厚みを差し引いた寸法とするとともに、互いに係合可能な一対の係合部のうち、一方の係合部を水平部の階段側側面に設け、他方の係合部を段板の木口又はその下面に設けてもかまわない。
【００２０】
このようにすると、嵌合凸部が嵌合凹部に嵌め込まれるとともに、一対の係合部が互いに係止され、段板が２箇所で上下方向に拘束されることとなる。そのため、段板をささら桁に固定する際、段板の下面から斜め上方に向けて釘やビスを打ち込む場合でも、段板がささら桁から浮き上がることはない。
【００２１】
なお、嵌合凹部の奥行きを嵌合凸部の長さから蹴込み板の厚みを差し引いた寸法としてあるので、段板の嵌合凸部がささら桁の嵌合凹部に嵌め込まれたとき、段板の上面に形成された切り欠きには、蹴込み板の厚みと同一寸法の隙間が生じることとなり、かかる隙間に蹴込み板の下縁を差し込むこととなる。
【００２２】
嵌合凸部は、段板の階段後方隅部の上面に切り欠きを形成して構成するが、切り欠きを形成するにあたっては、例えば、段板の階段後方隅部にのみそれぞれ切り欠きを形成してもかまわないし、段板の階段後方縁部全体にわたって切り欠きを形成してもかまわない。
【００２３】
嵌合凹部は、嵌合凸部を嵌め込むことができるとともに、その奥行きを嵌合凸部の長さから蹴込み板の厚みを差し引いた寸法とするのであれば、どのように構成するかは任意である。
【００２４】
一対の係合部は、互いに係合可能であるとともに、嵌合凸部が嵌合凹部に嵌め込まれたときに一方の係合部によって他方の係合部が係止されるのであればどのように構成するかは任意である。
【００２５】
例えば、一対の係合部を互いに係合可能な係合凸部及び係合凹部で構成し、第１の巾木隣接部に係合凸部を設けるとともに、段板の木口に係合凹部を設けるようにしてもかまわないし、第１の巾木隣接部に係合凹部を設けるとともに、段板の木口に係合凸部を設けるようにしてもかまわない。同様に、係合凹部及び係合凸部の一方を段板支承部に、他方を段板下面に設けるようにしてもかまわない。
【００２６】
第１の巾木隣接部に係合凸部を設けるとともに、段板の木口に係合凹部を設けるようにした場合には、第１の巾木隣接部の階段側側面に断面形状が矩形状又は円形状になるように形成した突起を設けて係合凸部とするとともに、段板の下面に凸部挿入開口が形成されるようにＬ字状の溝を該段板の木口に形成して係合凹部とすることが考えられる。
【００２７】
一方、第１の巾木隣接部に係合凹部を設けるとともに、段板の木口に係合凸部を設けるようにした場合には、ささら桁の第１の巾木隣接部の上面に凸部挿入開口が形成されるように該第１の巾木隣接部にＬ字状の切り欠きを設けて係合凹部とするとともに、段板の木口に断面形状が矩形状又は円形状になるように形成した突起を設けて係合凸部とすることが考えられる。
【００２８】
かかる場合においては、段板をささら桁に取り付ける際、まず、係合凸部が凸部挿入開口から係合凹部に挿入されるように段板をささら桁の段板支承部に落とし込んでその下面を段板支承部の上面に当接し、次いで、段板を階段後方に向けて摺動させる。このようにすると、段板の嵌合凸部がささら桁の嵌合凹部に嵌め込まれるとともに、係合凸部と係合凹部とが互いに係止される。
【００２９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る階段構造の実施の形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、従来技術と実質的に同一の部品等については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【００３０】
（第１実施形態）
【００３１】
図１及び図２は、本実施形態に係る階段構造を示した図で、図１は斜視図、図２は図１(a)のＡ−Ａ線及びＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図である。同図に示すように本実施形態に係る階段構造１は、段板２と、該段板の階段後方にて立設される蹴込み板３と、階段室の側壁に取り付けられる一対のささら桁４，４とからなり、該ささら桁は、図１(b)でよくわかるように、水平部５と鉛直部６とが階段昇降方向に沿って段状に連続形成されるように構成してある。
【００３２】
水平部５は、壁面側に配置される第１の巾木隣接部７と、該第１の巾木隣接部から段板２の厚み分だけ階段側に下がった位置に段状に形成された段板支承部８とから構成してあり、該段板支承部の上面に段板２を支承するようになっている。
【００３３】
鉛直部６は、壁面側に配置される第２の巾木隣接部９と、該第２の巾木隣接部から蹴込み板３の厚み分だけ階段後方に段状に後退させた蹴込み板当接部１０とから構成してあり、該蹴込み板当接部の正面に蹴込み板３を当接するようになっている。
【００３４】
水平部５の第１の巾木隣接部及７び鉛直部６の第２の巾木隣接部９は、階段昇降方向に沿って段状に連続配置してあるとともに、その幅は、取り付ける巾木１１の厚さと同じになるように設定してある。
【００３５】
なお、段板２は、図２(a)でよくわかるように、その下面からささら桁４の第１の巾木隣接部７に向けて斜め上方に釘１２を打ち込んでささら桁２に固定してある。
【００３６】
段板２は、図３に示すように、その先端を蹴込み板３から段鼻２１として突出させるようになっており、該段鼻の基端側下面には、溝２２を形成して該溝に蹴込み板３の上縁を差し込むことができるように構成してある。
【００３７】
本実施形態に係る階段構造１においては、階段を施工する際、まず、互いに対面する階段室の各側壁に一対のささら桁４，４をそれぞれ取り付ける。
【００３８】
次に、図４(a)に示すように、段板２をその両側方縁部が各ささら桁４の段板支承部８の上面にそれぞれ支承されるように配置するとともに、蹴込み板３をその両側方縁部が各ささら桁４の蹴込み板当接部１０の正面にそれぞれ当接されるように取り付ける。
【００３９】
このとき、段板２の上面とささら桁４の第１の巾木隣接部７の上面とは同一高さとなるとともに、蹴込み板３の正面とささら桁４の第２の巾木隣接部９の正面とが同一面となる。
【００４０】
段板２をささら桁４に固定するにあたっては、図２に示すように段板２の下面からささら桁４の第１の巾木隣接部７に向けて釘１２を斜めに打ち込む。なお、釘１２を斜めに打ち込む際、段板２がささら桁４から浮き上がらないよう、該段板を上面側から押さえる。
【００４１】
次に、図４(b)に示すように、ささら桁４の第１の巾木隣接部７の上面及び第２の巾木隣接部９の正面に沿って巾木１１を取り付ける。巾木１１を第２の巾木隣接部９の正面に沿って取り付ける際には、段板２の側方縁部と階段室の側壁との間に生じている隙間ｄに差し込むようにして取り付ける。ちなみに、かかる隙間ｄは第２の巾木隣接部９の厚み、すなわち巾木１１の厚みと同一寸法となる。
【００４２】
なお、巾木１１は、例えば接着剤の塗布によって階段室の側壁に固定すればよい。
【００４３】
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る階段構造１によれば、ささら桁４の水平部５を第１の巾木隣接部７と該第１の巾木隣接部から段板２の厚み分だけ階段側に下がった位置に段状に形成された段板支承部８とで構成し、該段板支承部の上面に段板２を支承するようにするとともに、鉛直部６を第２の巾木隣接部９と該第２の巾木隣接部から蹴込み板３の厚み分だけ階段後方に段状に後退させた蹴込み板当接部１０とから構成したので、巾木は、従来のように段板や蹴込み板ではなく、第１の巾木隣接部７及び第２の巾木隣接部９に隣接して配置されることとなる。
【００４４】
そのため、従来のように段板２の段鼻２１に合わせて巾木１１を現場にて切り欠き加工する必要がなくなり、現場での作業効率を向上することが可能となる。
【００４５】
なお、段板２の上面とささら桁４の第１の巾木隣接部７の上面とは同一高さとなるとともに、蹴込み板３の正面とささら桁４の第２の巾木隣接部９の正面とが同一面となるように構成してあり、かかる第１の巾木隣接部７の上面及び第２の巾木隣接部９の正面に当接させた状態にて階段室の側壁に巾木１１を取り付けることにより、ささら桁４の露出を防止することができる。
【００４６】
また、従来は、ささら桁の上に段板を単に載せていたため、ささら桁及び段板を貫通するように釘やビスを斜め上方に打ち込むことは困難であり、そのため、段板の上面からささら桁に釘やビスを下方に打ち込むことで段板をささら桁に固定せざるを得ず、その結果、釘やビスの頭部を階段専用の厚みのある巾木で隠す必要があった。
【００４７】
それに対し、本実施形態では、ささら桁４の水平部５を段状に形成してあるので、釘やビスを段板２の上面から打ち込まずとも、段板２及び第１の巾木隣接部７を貫通するようにして段板２の下方から斜め上方に打ち込むことが可能となる。そのため、釘やビスの頭部を巾木１１で隠す必要がなくなり、階段専用の厚みのある巾木に代えて、居室や廊下等で用いる標準的な巾木を階段室の巾木１１としても用いることが可能となり、コストも削減できる。
【００４８】
本実施形態では、段板２をささら桁４に固定する際、段板２の下面から斜め上方に釘１２を打ち込むようにしたが、これに代えて、例えば、段板の下面に予めＬ型金具を取り付けておき、該Ｌ型金具を用いて段板２をささら桁４に固定するようにしてもかまわない。
【００４９】
また、本実施形態では、ささら桁４，４を階段室の両側壁にそれぞれ設けることを前提としたが、本発明はかかる内容に限定されるものではなく、例えば、ささら桁４を階段室の側壁に設けて段板２の一端を支承し、他端については別の手段で支承するようにしてもかまわない。
【００５０】
（第２実施形態）
【００５１】
次に、第２実施形態に係る階段構造について、添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、第１実施形態と実質的に同一の部品等については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【００５２】
図５は、本実施形態に係る階段構造を示した斜視図である。同図に示すように本実施形態に係る階段構造３１は、第１実施形態と同様、段板３２と、該段板の階段後方にて立設される蹴込み板３と、階段室の側壁に取り付けられる一対のささら桁３４，３４とからなり、該ささら桁は、図５(b)でよくわかるように、水平部５と鉛直部６とが階段昇降方向に沿って段状に連続形成されるように構成してある。
【００５３】
水平部５は、第１の巾木隣接部７と段板支承部８とから構成してあり、該段板支承部の上面に段板２を支承するようになっているとともに、鉛直部６は、第２の巾木隣接部９と蹴込み板当接部１０とから構成してあり、該蹴込み板当接部の正面に蹴込み板３を当接するようになっているが、水平部５及び鉛直部６の構成は、第１実施形態と同様であるので、ここではその詳細な説明を省略する。
【００５４】
図６は段板３２を示した図で、(a)は平面図、(b)は底面図、(c)は斜視図である。同図に示すように、段板３２は、第１実施形態と同様、段鼻２１の基端側下面に溝２２を形成して該溝に蹴込み板３の上縁を差し込むことができるように構成してあるが、上面にも階段後方側に溝３７を形成してあり、該溝に蹴込み板３の下縁を差し込むことができるように構成してある。
【００５５】
また、段板３２の上面には、階段後方隅部にそれぞれ切り欠き３３，３３を設けて嵌合凸部３８，３８を形成してある。
【００５６】
一方、ささら桁３４の蹴込み板当接部１０には図５(b)でよくわかるように、嵌合凹部３５を形成してあり、上述した嵌合凸部３８は、かかる嵌合凹部３５に嵌め込まれるようになっている。なお、嵌合凹部３５は、その奥行きＤを嵌合凸部３８の長さから蹴込み板３の厚みを差し引いた寸法に設定してある。
【００５７】
ささら桁３４の第１の巾木隣接部７の階段側側面には、断面形状が矩形状になるように形成した一方の係合部としての係合凸部３６を突設してあるとともに、段板３２の木口には、該段板の下面に凸部挿入開口４０が形成されてなる係合凹部としてのＬ字状の溝３９を形成してあり、上述したささら桁３４の係合凸部３６を凸部挿入開口４０からＬ字状の溝３９に挿入し、しかる後、挿入方向と直交する方向に段板３２を移動させることによって、該Ｌ字状の溝に係合凸部３６を係止することができるようになっている。
【００５８】
すなわち、Ｌ字状の溝３９及び係合凸部３６は、互いに係合可能な一対の係合部を構成する。
【００５９】
本実施形態に係る階段構造３１においては、階段を施工する際、まず、互いに対面する階段室の各側壁に一対のささら桁３４，３４をそれぞれ取り付ける。
【００６０】
次に、段板３２をその両側方縁部が各ささら桁３４の段板支承部８の上面にそれぞれ支承されるように配置するとともに、蹴込み板３をその両側方縁部が各ささら桁３４の蹴込み板当接部１０の正面にそれぞれ当接されるように取り付ける。
【００６１】
このとき、段板３２の上面とささら桁３４の第１の巾木隣接部７の上面とは同一高さとなるとともに、蹴込み板３の正面とささら桁３４の第２の巾木隣接部９の正面とが同一面となる。
【００６２】
段板３２をささら桁３４に配置するにあたっては、まず、図７(a)に示すように、ささら桁３４に形成された係合凸部３６が段板３２の下面に形成された凸部挿入開口４０からＬ字状の溝３９に挿入されるように段板３２をささら桁３４の段板支承部８に落とし込んでその下面を段板支承部８の上面に当接し、次いで、図７(b)に示すように、段板３２を階段後方に向けて摺動させる。このとき、蹴込み板３の上縁を段板３２の溝２２に予め嵌め込んでおくのがよい。
【００６３】
このようにすると、段板３２の嵌合凸部３８がささら桁３４の嵌合凹部３５に嵌め込まれるとともに、ささら桁３４の係合凸部３６が段板３２のＬ字状の溝３９に嵌め込まれ、該係合凸部は、Ｌ字状の溝３９に係止される。
【００６４】
かかる状態で、段板３２の下面からささら桁３４の第１の巾木隣接部７に向けて釘１２を斜めに打ち込んで固定する。このとき、上述したように段板３２が２箇所で上下方向に拘束されているため、段板３２がささら桁３４から浮き上がることはない。
【００６５】
次いで、図７(b)に示すように、段板３２の上面に形成された切り欠き３３に生じている蹴込み板３の厚みと同一寸法の隙間と溝３７に蹴込み板３の下縁を差し込み、上述したと同様の手順を繰り返して次の段の段板３２を設置する。
【００６６】
このように段板３２及び蹴込み板３の設置が終了したならば、次に、第１実施形態で示した図４(b)と同様、ささら桁３４の第１の巾木隣接部７の上面及び第２の巾木隣接部９の正面に沿って巾木１１を取り付ける。巾木１１を第２の巾木隣接部９の正面に沿って取り付ける際には、段板３２の側方縁部と階段室の側壁との間に生じている隙間ｄに差し込むようにして取り付ける。ちなみに、かかる隙間ｄは第２の巾木隣接部９の厚み、すなわち巾木１１の厚みと同一寸法となる。
【００６７】
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る階段構造３１によれば、第１実施形態と同様、ささら桁３４の水平部５を第１の巾木隣接部７と該第１の巾木隣接部から段板３２の厚み分だけ階段側に下がった位置に段状に形成された段板支承部８とで構成し、該段板支承部の上面に段板３２を支承するようにするとともに、鉛直部６を第２の巾木隣接部９と該第２の巾木隣接部から蹴込み板３の厚み分だけ階段後方に段状に後退させた蹴込み板当接部１０とから構成したので、巾木は、従来のように段板や蹴込み板ではなく、第１の巾木隣接部７及び第２の巾木隣接部９に隣接して配置されることとなる。
【００６８】
そのため、従来のように段板３２の段鼻２１に合わせて巾木１１を現場にて切り欠き加工する必要がなくなり、現場での作業効率を向上することが可能となる。
【００６９】
また、本実施形態に係る階段構造３１によれば、第１実施形態と同様、ささら桁３４の水平部５を段状に形成してあるので、釘やビスを段板３２の上面から打ち込まずとも、段板３２及び第１の巾木隣接部７を貫通するようにして段板３２の下方から斜め上方に打ち込むことが可能となる。そのため、釘やビスの頭部を巾木１１で隠す必要がなくなり、階段専用の厚みのある巾木に代えて、居室や廊下等で用いる標準的な巾木を階段室の巾木１１としても用いることが可能となり、コストも削減できるという作用効果に加えて、段板３２に嵌合凸部３８とＬ字状の溝３９を形成するとともに、該嵌合凸部が嵌め込まれる嵌合凹部３５とＬ字状の溝３９に嵌め込まれて係止される係合凸部３６をささら桁３４に形成したので、段板３２は、２箇所で上下方向に拘束されることとなり、段板３２をささら桁３４に固定する際、段板３２の下面から斜め上方に向けて釘やビスを打ち込む場合でも、段板３２がささら桁３４から浮き上がることはないという作用効果を奏する。
【００７０】
したがって、従来のように、段板３２を上面から押さえる必要がなくなり、一人の作業員でも階段を施工することが可能となる。
【００７１】
本実施形態では、断面形状が矩形状となるように形成した係合凸部３６と断面形状がＬ字状となるように形成したＬ字状の溝３９とで本発明の係合部を構成したが、本発明に係る一対の係合部は、かかる構成に限定されるものではなく、互いに係合可能であるとともに、一方の係合部と他方の係合部とが互いに係止されるのであればどのように構成してもかまわない。
【００７２】
また、本実施形態では、互いに係合可能な係合凸部３６及びＬ字状の溝３９で一対の係合部を構成し、第１の巾木隣接部７に一方の係合部である係合凸部３６を設けるとともに、段板３２の木口に他方の係合部であるＬ字状の溝３９を設けるようにしたが、これに代えて図８に示すように、ささら桁４４の第１の巾木隣接部７に係合凹部としてのＬ字状の切り欠き４１を設けるとともに、段板４２の木口に他方の係合部としての係合凸部４３を設けるようにしてもかまわない。
【００７３】
Ｌ字状の切り欠き４１は、ささら桁４４の第１の巾木隣接部７の上面に凸部挿入開口４０が形成されるように切り欠いてある。
【００７４】
かかる場合においても、Ｌ字状の切り欠き４１と係合凸部４３は、互いに係合可能な一対の係合部として機能する。なお、ささら桁４４は、Ｌ字状の切り欠き４１を設けた点を除き、ささら桁３４と実質的に同一の構成であるので、ここではその詳細な説明を省略する。
【００７５】
かかる場合においては、段板４２をささら桁４４に取り付ける際、まず、段板４２に形成された係合凸部４３がささら桁４４の上面に形成された凸部挿入開口４０からＬ字状の切り欠き４１に挿入されるように段板４２をささら桁４４の段板支承部８に落とし込んでその下面を段板支承部８の上面に当接し、次いで、段板４２を階段後方に向けて摺動させる。
【００７６】
このようにすると、上述した実施形態と同様、段板４２の係合凸部４３とささら桁４４のＬ字状の切り欠き４１とが互いに係止されることとなる。なお、その他の作用効果については上述した実施形態と同様であるのでここではその説明を省略する。
【００７７】
また、本実施形態では、一対の係合部のうち、一方の係合部である係合凸部３６を第１の巾木隣接部７の階段側側面に設けるとともに、他方の係合部であるＬ字状の溝３９を段板３２の木口に設けるようにしたが、これに代えて、一方の係合部を段板支承部の階段側側面に設けるとともに、他方の係合部を段板の下面に設けるようにしてもかまわない。
【００７８】
図９は、かかる変形例を示したものであり、ささら桁５４の段板支承部８の階段側側面に係合突起５１を突設するとともに、段板５２の下面には該係合突起に係合する係合部材５３を取り付けてある。
【００７９】
係合部材５３は、階段後方に向けて突起挿入開口５５を有する切り欠き５６を形成したアングル状金物で構成してあり、該切り欠き内に係合突起５１が挿入係止されるようになっている。
【００８０】
かかる場合においても、係合突起５１と係合部材５３は、互いに係合可能な一対の係合部として機能する。なお、ささら桁５４は、段板支承部８に係合突起５１を設けた点を除き、ささら桁３４と実質的に同一の構成であるので、ここではその詳細な説明を省略する。
【００８１】
かかる場合においては、段板５２をささら桁５４に取り付ける際、まず、段板５２をささら桁５４の段板支承部８に落とし込んでその下面を段板支承部８の上面に当接する。
【００８２】
次いで、段板５２を階段後方に向けて摺動させ、ささら桁５４に突設された係合突起５１を突起挿入開口５５を介して係合部材５３の切り欠き５６に挿入する。
【００８３】
このようにすると、ささら桁５４の係合突起５１と段板５２の係合部材５３とが互いに係止されることとなる。なお、その他の作用効果については上述した実施形態と同様であるのでここではその説明を省略する。
【００８４】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明に係る階段構造によれば、階段室の側壁に巾木を取り付ける際、従来のように段板や蹴込み板に当接させるのではなく、ささら桁のうち、階段昇降方向に沿って段状に連続形成された第１の巾木隣接部及び第２の巾木隣接部に当接させることとなるので、段板の段鼻に合わせて巾木を現場にて切り欠き加工する必要がなくなり、現場での作業効率を向上することが可能となる。
【００８５】
また、従来は、段板の上面からささら桁に釘やビスを打ち込むことで段板をささら桁に固定せざるを得ず、その結果、釘やビスの頭部を階段専用の厚みのある巾木で隠す必要があったが、本発明では、ささら桁の水平部を段状に形成してあるので、段板の下方からささら桁に向けて斜め上方に釘やビスを打ち込むことが可能となる。そのため、釘やビスの頭部を巾木で隠す必要がなくなり、階段専用の厚みのある巾木に代えて、居室や廊下等で用いる標準的な巾木を階段室の巾木としても用いることが可能となり、コストも削減できる。
【００８６】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】第１実施形態に係る階段構造を示した図で、(a)は全体斜視図、(b)はささら桁の斜視図。
【図２】第１実施形態に係る階段構造のを示した図で、(a)は図１(a)のＡ−Ａ線に沿う断面図、(b)は図１(a)のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図。
【図３】第１実施形態に係る階段構造の段板を示した斜視図。
【図４】第１実施形態に係る階段構造の作用を示した斜視図。
【図５】第２実施形態に係る階段構造を示した図で、(a)は全体斜視図、(b)はささら桁の斜視図。
【図６】第２実施形態に係る階段構造の段板を示した図で、(a)は平面図、(b)は底面図、(c)は斜視図。
【図７】第２実施形態に係る階段構造の作用を示した断面図。
【図８】第２実施形態の変形例に係る階段構造を示した斜視図。
【図９】第２実施形態の別の変形例に係る階段構造を示した斜視図。
【符号の説明】
１，３１階段構造
２，３２，４２，５２段板
３蹴込み板
４，３４，４４，５４ささら桁
５水平部
６鉛直部
７第１の巾木隣接部
８段板支承部
９第２の巾木隣接部
１０蹴込み板当接部
１１巾木
３３切り欠き
３５嵌合凹部
３６，４３係合凸部（係合部）
３８嵌合凸部
３９Ｌ字状の溝（係合部）
４１Ｌ字状の切り欠き（係合部）
５１係合突起（係合部）
５３係合部材（係合部）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a staircase structure formed by attaching a step plate and a kick plate to a spar.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When constructing stairs in a house, etc., a pair of swords is attached diagonally to the side walls of the staircases facing each other, and then a step board and a kick board are fixed to the swords, and when finishing the interior, the stairs In order to hide the connection between the side wall of the chamber and the step board, it is common to install a baseboard along the step board and the kick board.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Here, the corrugated board usually protrudes several centimeters in front from the kick board, and this projecting part is called the nose, but when attaching the above-mentioned baseboard along the corrugated board and the kick board, the nose It is necessary to install so as to avoid.
[0004]
For this reason, the baseboard must be cut out so as not to interfere with the nose, resulting in a problem of poor work efficiency at the site.
[0005]
Also, when fixing the stepboard to the spar, the nails were driven from the side edges of the stepboard or screws were screwed in. When the heads of such nails and screws were exposed to the staircase, the entire staircase was Therefore, it is necessary to hide the above-mentioned nails and screw heads by using a baseboard for stairs that is thicker than the baseboard used in hallways and living rooms. High cost due to the use of the baseboard has also been a problem.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and omits notching processing of a baseboard in the field, and a standard baseboard used in a living room or a corridor can be used as a baseboard for a staircase. An object is to provide a staircase structure that can be used.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a staircase structure according to the present invention includes a step plate, a kick plate erected on the rear side of the staircase, a horizontal portion, and a vertical portion. Comprises a first girder adjacent to the horizontal base disposed on the wall surface side and the first baseboard adjacent to the step board. And a stepped plate support portion formed in a step shape at a position lowered to the staircase by the thickness of the stepped plate, and configured to support the stepped plate on the upper surface of the stepped plate support portion. A second baseboard adjacent portion disposed on the wall surface side, and a kick plate abutting portion that is retreated stepwise backward from the second baseboard adjacent portion by the thickness of the kick plate. The kick board abutting portion is configured to abut the front of the kick plate, and the first baseboard adjacent portion and the second baseboard adjacent portion, Along the stair-climbing direction is obtained by continuously arranged stepwise.
[0008]
Further, the staircase structure according to the present invention is configured such that a notch is provided on the upper surface of the rear corner portion of the staircase plate to form a fitting convex portion, and the fitting concave portion into which the fitting convex portion is fitted is provided with the fitting girder. The depth of the fitting concave portion is a dimension obtained by subtracting the thickness of the kicking plate from the length of the fitting convex portion, and a pair of engagements that can be engaged with each other. Among the joint portions, one engaging portion is provided on the side surface on the staircase side of the horizontal portion, and the other engaging portion is provided on the top or bottom surface of the stepped plate.
[0009]
In the staircase structure according to the present invention, the horizontal part of the spar girder is arranged on the wall surface side, and the position where the first baseboard adjacent part is lowered to the staircase side by the thickness of the step board from the first baseboard adjacent part. And a step board support portion formed in a step shape, and a vertical portion of the spar girder is disposed on the wall surface side of the second baseboard adjacent portion and the second baseboard adjacent portion of the kick plate When the stairs are constructed, first, a pair of spar girders are attached to each side wall of the staircase facing each other. .
[0010]
Next, the step plate is mounted so that both side edges thereof are supported on the upper surface of the step plate support portion of each of the spar girders, and the kick plate is mounted on the side plate of each spar girder. Attach it so that it touches the front of the contact part.
[0011]
At this time, the upper surface of the corrugated board and the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion of the counter beam are the same height, and the front of the kick plate and the second baseboard adjacent portion of the counter beam are the same surface. It becomes.
[0012]
When attaching the corrugated board to the sagittal girder, the nails are diagonally driven and fixed from the lower surface of the corrugated board toward the first baseboard adjacent to the sagittal girder, or an L-shaped bracket is attached to the lower surface of the corrugated board beforehand It is conceivable that the L-shaped metal fitting is fixed to the spar with a screw. In addition, when driving a nail diagonally, it will hold | suppress a corrugated board from the upper surface side suitably so that a corrugated board may not lift from a spar.
[0013]
Next, the baseboard is attached along the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion of the sacks and the front of the second baseboard adjacent portion. Note that the tip of the step plate is usually protruded as a nose from the kick plate, and in the present invention, the kick plate is brought into contact with the kick plate contact portion of the further beam. Therefore, when attaching the baseboard along the front face of the second baseboard adjacent portion, the baseboard is attached so as to be inserted into the gap formed between the side edge of the step plate and the side wall of the staircase. By the way, this gap has the same dimension as the thickness of the second adjacent baseboard.
[0014]
In this way, when attaching the baseboard to the side wall of the staircase, it is not made to abut against the kick board and the step board as in the past, but it is continuously formed in a step shape along the stair ascending / descending direction among the spar. Since the first baseboard adjacent portion and the second baseboard adjacent portion are brought into contact with each other, it is not necessary to cut out the baseboard in accordance with the step nose of the step board.
[0015]
The top surface of the corrugated plate and the top surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion of the counter beam are the same height, and the front surface of the kick plate and the front surface of the second base plate adjacent portion of the counter beam are the same surface. By attaching the baseboard to the side wall of the staircase in a state of being in contact with the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent part and the front face of the second baseboard adjacent part, Can be prevented.
[0016]
In addition, conventionally, nails and screws have to be fixed to the counterspar by driving nails and screws into the counterspar from the top surface of the corrugated board. Although it was necessary to hide with wood, in the present invention, since the horizontal part of the spar is formed in a step shape, it is possible to drive nails and screws diagonally upward from the bottom surface of the slab toward the spar Become. Therefore, it is not necessary to conceal the heads of nails and screws with baseboards. Instead of thick baseboards dedicated to stairs, standard baseboards used in living rooms and corridors should also be used as baseboards for staircases. Can do.
[0017]
The width of the first baseboard adjacent part and the second baseboard adjacent part of the sacks is set to be the same as the thickness of the baseboard to be attached.
[0018]
The step plate is configured such that a groove is formed on the upper surface of the rear edge of the staircase and the lower edge of the kick plate can be inserted into the groove, and a groove is formed on the lower surface of the step nose. It is desirable that the upper edge of the kick plate can be inserted.
[0019]
Here, when attaching the corrugated board to the girders, as described above, the upper face of the corrugated boards may be pressed so that the corrugated board does not float from the girders, A notch is provided to form a fitting convex portion, and a fitting concave portion into which the fitting convex portion is fitted is formed in the kick plate abutting portion of the further beam, and the depth of the fitting concave portion is determined as the fitting convex portion. The thickness is obtained by subtracting the thickness of the kick plate from the length of one of the engagement portions, and one engagement portion is provided on the side surface of the horizontal portion on the step side, and the other engagement portion May be provided on the bottom of the corrugated board or on the lower surface thereof.
[0020]
If it does in this way, while a fitting convex part will be fitted in a fitting recessed part, a pair of engaging part will be mutually locked, and a corrugated board will be restrained in the up-and-down direction at two places. For this reason, when fixing the step plate to the spar, even if nails or screws are driven obliquely upward from the lower surface of the step slab, the step slab does not rise from the spar.
[0021]
In addition, since the depth of the fitting recess is the dimension obtained by subtracting the thickness of the kick plate from the length of the fitting projection, when the fitting projection of the corrugated plate is fitted into the fitting recess of the further beam In the notch formed on the upper surface of the plate, a gap having the same dimension as the thickness of the kick plate is generated, and the lower edge of the kick plate is inserted into the gap.
[0022]
The fitting convex part is formed by forming a notch on the upper surface of the rear corner of the staircase of the step board. For example, when forming the notch, the notch is formed only at the rear corner of the step board, respectively. Alternatively, a notch may be formed over the entire rear edge of the staircase.
[0023]
If the fitting recess can fit the fitting protrusion and the depth is the dimension obtained by subtracting the thickness of the kick plate from the length of the fitting protrusion, how is it configured? Is optional.
[0024]
The pair of engaging portions can be engaged with each other, and if the other engaging portion is locked by one engaging portion when the fitting convex portion is fitted into the fitting concave portion, what It is arbitrary whether to configure.
[0025]
For example, the pair of engaging portions are configured by engaging convex portions and engaging concave portions that can be engaged with each other, the engaging convex portions are provided in the first baseboard adjacent portion, and the engaging concave portions are provided in the top of the step board Alternatively, the engaging recess may be provided in the first baseboard adjacent portion, and the engaging protrusion may be provided in the top of the corrugated board. Similarly, one of the engaging concave portion and the engaging convex portion may be provided on the step plate support portion, and the other may be provided on the lower surface of the step plate.
[0026]
When the engaging convex portion is provided in the first baseboard adjacent portion and the engaging concave portion is provided in the top of the step board, the cross-sectional shape is rectangular on the step side surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion. Alternatively, a protrusion formed in a circular shape is provided to form an engaging convex portion, and an L-shaped groove is formed in the top of the corrugated plate so that a convex portion insertion opening is formed on the lower surface of the corrugated plate. Thus, it is conceivable to use an engaging recess.
[0027]
On the other hand, when the engaging concave portion is provided in the first baseboard adjacent portion and the engaging convex portion is provided in the top of the corrugated board, the convex portion is provided on the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion of the spar. An L-shaped notch is provided in the adjacent part of the first baseboard so that an insertion opening is formed, thereby forming an engaging recess, and the cross-sectional shape of the corrugated plate is made rectangular or circular. It is conceivable to provide the formed projections as the engaging projections.
[0028]
In such a case, when attaching the step plate to the spar, firstly, the step plate is dropped into the step stool support portion of the spar so that the engagement convex part is inserted into the engagement recess from the convex part insertion opening. Is brought into contact with the upper surface of the step plate support portion, and then the step plate is slid toward the rear of the staircase. If it does in this way, while the fitting convex part of a corrugated board will be fitted in the fitting recessed part of a further girder, an engaging convex part and an engaging concave part will be mutually locked.
[0029]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a staircase structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the prior art are assigned the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
[0030]
(First embodiment)
[0031]
1 and 2 are views showing a staircase structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1 is a perspective view, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines AA and BB in FIG. . As shown in the figure, the staircase structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes a step plate 2, a kick plate 3 standing on the rear side of the step plate, and a pair of spar girders attached to the side wall of the staircase. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the spar girder is constructed so that the horizontal portion 5 and the vertical portion 6 are continuously formed in a step shape along the stair ascending / descending direction. is there.
[0032]
The horizontal portion 5 is formed in a step shape at a position where the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 disposed on the wall surface side and the first baseboard adjacent portion are lowered to the staircase side by the thickness of the step board 2. The step plate support portion 8 is configured to support the step plate 2 on the upper surface of the step plate support portion.
[0033]
The vertical portion 6 includes a second baseboard adjacent portion 9 arranged on the wall surface side, and a kick plate that is stepped backward from the second baseboard adjacent portion by the thickness of the kick plate 3 in a stepwise manner. The abutting portion 10 is configured to abut the kick plate 3 against the front surface of the kick plate abutting portion.
[0034]
The first baseboard adjacent portion 7 of the horizontal portion 5 and the second baseboard adjacent portion 9 of the vertical portion 6 are continuously arranged in a step shape along the stair ascending / descending direction, and the width is a width to be attached. The thickness is set to be the same as the thickness of the tree 11.
[0035]
2A, the nail 12 is driven obliquely upward from the lower surface of the corrugated board 2 toward the first baseboard adjoining portion 7 of the corrugated girder 4, and is fixed to the calender 2. It is.
[0036]
As shown in FIG. 3, the step plate 2 has a tip protruding from the kick plate 3 as a nose 21, and a groove 22 is formed on the lower surface of the base end side of the nose to form the nose. It is comprised so that the upper edge of the kick board 3 can be inserted.
[0037]
In the staircase structure 1 according to the present embodiment, when constructing a staircase, first, a pair of shearing girders 4 and 4 are respectively attached to the side walls of the staircases facing each other.
[0038]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the step plate 2 is arranged so that both side edge portions thereof are supported on the upper surface of the step plate support portion 8 of each sheathing girder 4, and the kick plate 3 Are attached so that both side edge portions thereof are brought into contact with the front surface of the kick plate abutting portion 10 of each of the sheath girders 4, respectively.
[0039]
At this time, the upper surface of the corrugated plate 2 and the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 of the spar 4 are the same height, and the front surface of the kick plate 3 and the second baseboard adjacent portion 9 of the spar 4 are provided. The front of the same surface.
[0040]
In fixing the corrugated board 2 to the sheathing girder 4, the nail 12 is driven diagonally from the lower surface of the corrugated board 2 toward the first baseboard adjacent part 7 of the corrugating board 4 as shown in FIG. When the nail 12 is driven obliquely, the step plate 2 is pressed from the upper surface side so that the step plate 2 does not rise from the spar 4.
[0041]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the baseboard 11 is attached along the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 and the front surface of the second baseboard adjacent portion 9 of the spar 4. When the baseboard 11 is attached along the front surface of the second baseboard adjacent portion 9, the baseboard 11 is attached so as to be inserted into the gap d formed between the side edge of the step board 2 and the side wall of the staircase. . Incidentally, the gap d has the same dimension as the thickness of the second baseboard adjacent portion 9, that is, the thickness of the baseboard 11.
[0042]
In addition, what is necessary is just to fix the baseboard 11 to the side wall of a staircase, for example by application | coating of an adhesive agent.
[0043]
As described above, according to the staircase structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the horizontal portion 5 of the spar 4 is divided into the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 and the thickness of the step board 2 from the first baseboard adjacent portion. And a step plate support portion 8 formed in a step shape at a position lowered to the stairs side, and the step plate 2 is supported on the upper surface of the step plate support portion, and the vertical portion 6 is formed as a second portion. Since the baseboard is composed of the baseboard adjacent portion 9 and the kickboard abutting portion 10 that is stepped backward from the second baseboard adjacent portion by the thickness of the kickboard 3, the baseboard is conventionally In this way, the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 and the second baseboard adjacent portion 9 are arranged adjacent to each other instead of the step board and the kick board.
[0044]
Therefore, it is not necessary to cut out the baseboard 11 in accordance with the nose 21 of the corrugated board 2 as in the prior art, and the work efficiency at the site can be improved.
[0045]
The upper surface of the step board 2 and the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 of the spar 4 are the same height, and the front surface of the kick plate 3 and the second baseboard adjacent portion 9 of the spar 4 are provided. The front surface is configured to be flush with the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 and the front surface of the second baseboard adjacent portion 9 so that the width is formed on the side wall of the staircase. By attaching the tree 11, it is possible to prevent the spar 4 from being exposed.
[0046]
In addition, conventionally, since a step plate is simply placed on the spar, it is difficult to drive a nail or a screw diagonally upward so as to penetrate the spar and the step plate. The nails and screws were driven into the girders to fix the corrugated plates to the girders, and as a result, the heads of the nails and screws had to be concealed by a thick baseboard dedicated to the stairs.
[0047]
On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the horizontal portion 5 of the spar 4 is formed in a step shape, the step plate 2 and the first baseboard adjacent portion can be formed without driving nails or screws from the upper surface of the step plate 2. 7 can be driven obliquely upward from below the step plate 2 so as to penetrate through the plate 7. Therefore, it is not necessary to hide the heads of nails and screws with the baseboard 11, and instead of the thick baseboard dedicated to the staircase, a standard baseboard used in a living room or a corridor can be used as the baseboard 11 of the staircase room. It can be used and the cost can be reduced.
[0048]
In this embodiment, the nail 12 is driven obliquely upward from the lower surface of the step plate 2 when the step plate 2 is fixed to the further girder 4, but instead, for example, an L shape is previously formed on the lower surface of the step plate. A bracket may be attached, and the step plate 2 may be fixed to the spar 4 using the L-shaped bracket.
[0049]
Further, in this embodiment, it is assumed that the spar 4 and 4 are provided on both side walls of the staircase, but the present invention is not limited to such contents. It may be provided on the side wall to support one end of the step plate 2 and the other end to be supported by another means.
[0050]
(Second Embodiment)
[0051]
Next, a staircase structure according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0052]
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a staircase structure according to this embodiment. As shown in the figure, the staircase structure 31 according to the present embodiment is similar to the first embodiment in that a step plate 32, a kick plate 3 standing on the rear side of the step plate, and a side wall of the staircase As shown in FIG. 5 (b), a horizontal portion 5 and a vertical portion 6 are formed in a step shape along the stair ascending / descending direction. It is configured to be.
[0053]
The horizontal portion 5 includes a first baseboard adjacent portion 7 and a corrugated plate support portion 8. The corrugated plate 2 is supported on the upper surface of the corrugated plate support portion, and the vertical portion 6. Is constituted by a second baseboard adjacent portion 9 and a kick plate abutting portion 10, and the kick plate 3 is brought into contact with the front of the kick plate abutting portion. Since the structure of the part 5 and the vertical part 6 is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted here.
[0054]
6A and 6B are views showing the step plate 32, where FIG. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a bottom view, and FIG. 6C is a perspective view. As shown in the figure, the step plate 32 has a groove 22 formed on the lower surface of the base end side of the nose 21 so that the upper edge of the kick plate 3 can be inserted into the step plate 32 as in the first embodiment. Although configured, a groove 37 is also formed on the upper surface on the rear side of the staircase, and the lower edge of the kick plate 3 can be inserted into the groove.
[0055]
Further, on the upper surface of the step plate 32, notches 33 and 33 are provided at the rear corners of the step to form fitting convex portions 38 and 38, respectively.
[0056]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), a fitting recess 35 is formed in the kick plate abutting portion 10 of the swirl girder 34. It is supposed to be fitted in. The fitting recess 35 has a depth D set to a dimension obtained by subtracting the thickness of the kick plate 3 from the length of the fitting protrusion 38.
[0057]
On the side surface of the staircase side of the first baseboard adjoining portion 7 of the scabbard 34, an engaging convex portion 36 as one engaging portion formed so as to have a rectangular cross-sectional shape is projected, and An L-shaped groove 39 is formed in the bottom of the step plate 32 as an engagement recess formed by forming a protrusion insertion opening 40 on the lower surface of the step plate. The portion 36 is inserted into the L-shaped groove 39 from the convex portion insertion opening 40, and then the step plate 32 is moved in a direction orthogonal to the insertion direction, whereby the engaging convex portion 36 is engaged with the L-shaped groove. Can be locked.
[0058]
That is, the L-shaped groove 39 and the engaging convex portion 36 constitute a pair of engaging portions that can be engaged with each other.
[0059]
In the staircase structure 31 according to this embodiment, when constructing a staircase, first, a pair of spar girders 34 and 34 are attached to the respective side walls of the staircase facing each other.
[0060]
Next, the step plate 32 is arranged so that both side edge portions thereof are supported on the upper surface of the step plate support portion 8 of each of the counterspars 34, and the kick plate 3 is arranged at each side edge of each step girder. It attaches so that it may contact | abut to the front of 34 kick board contact parts 10 of 34, respectively.
[0061]
At this time, the upper surface of the step board 32 and the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 of the spar 34 are the same height, and the front surface of the kick plate 3 and the second baseboard adjacent portion 9 of the spar 34 are provided. The front of the same surface.
[0062]
When placing the step plate 32 on the sheathing girder 34, first, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the engaging projections 36 formed on the stepping plate 34 are formed on the lower surface of the step plate 32. The step plate 32 is dropped into the step plate support portion 8 of the spar 34 so as to be inserted into the L-shaped groove 39 from the opening 40, and the lower surface thereof is brought into contact with the upper surface of the step plate support portion 8, and then FIG. As shown in b), the step plate 32 is slid toward the rear of the stairs. At this time, the upper edge of the kick plate 3 is preferably fitted in the groove 22 of the step plate 32 in advance.
[0063]
In this manner, the fitting convex portion 38 of the step plate 32 is fitted into the fitting concave portion 35 of the cage girder 34, and the engagement convex portion 36 of the cage plate 34 is fitted into the L-shaped groove 39 of the step plate 32. The engaging projection is locked in the L-shaped groove 39.
[0064]
In this state, the nail 12 is driven obliquely from the lower surface of the step plate 32 toward the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 of the spar 34 to fix it. At this time, since the step board 32 is restrained in the vertical direction at two places as described above, the step board 32 does not float from the spar 34.
[0065]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the lower edge of the kick plate 3 is formed in the gap 37 and the gap 37 having the same dimensions as the thickness of the kick plate 3 formed in the notch 33 formed on the upper surface of the step plate 32. And the same procedure as described above is repeated to install the next step plate 32.
[0066]
When the installation of the step board 32 and the kick board 3 is completed in this way, next, as in FIG. 4B shown in the first embodiment, the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 of the spar 34 is used. A baseboard 11 is attached along the upper surface and the front of the second baseboard adjacent part 9. When the baseboard 11 is attached along the front surface of the second baseboard adjacent portion 9, the baseboard 11 is attached so as to be inserted into the gap d formed between the side edge of the step board 32 and the side wall of the staircase. . Incidentally, the gap d has the same dimension as the thickness of the second baseboard adjacent portion 9, that is, the thickness of the baseboard 11.
[0067]
As described above, according to the staircase structure 31 according to this embodiment, the horizontal portion 5 of the spar 34 is replaced with the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 and the first baseboard adjacent portion, as in the first embodiment. And a step plate support portion 8 formed in a step shape at a position lowered to the stairs side by the thickness of the step plate 32, and the step plate 32 is supported on the upper surface of the step plate support portion. The vertical portion 6 is composed of a second baseboard adjacent portion 9 and a kick plate abutting portion 10 that is retreated stepwise backward from the second baseboard adjacent portion by the thickness of the kick plate 3. Therefore, the baseboard is not adjacent to the step board or the kick board as in the prior art, but is disposed adjacent to the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 and the second baseboard adjacent portion 9.
[0068]
Therefore, it is not necessary to cut out the baseboard 11 at the site in accordance with the nose 21 of the step plate 32 as in the prior art, and it is possible to improve the work efficiency at the site.
[0069]
Further, according to the staircase structure 31 according to the present embodiment, the horizontal portion 5 of the spar 34 is formed in a step shape as in the first embodiment, so that nails and screws are not driven from the upper surface of the step plate 32. In both cases, it is possible to drive obliquely upward from below the step plate 32 so as to penetrate the step plate 32 and the first baseboard adjacent portion 7. Therefore, it is not necessary to hide the heads of nails and screws with the baseboard 11, and instead of the thick baseboard dedicated to the staircase, a standard baseboard used in a living room or a corridor can be used as the baseboard 11 for the staircase. In addition to the effect of being able to be used and reducing the cost, the fitting convex portion 38 and the L-shaped groove 39 are formed in the step plate 32, and the fitting concave portion 35 into which the fitting convex portion is fitted. Since the engaging projections 36 that are fitted and locked in the L-shaped grooves 39 are formed on the further spar 34, the step plate 32 is restrained in the vertical direction at two locations. When fixing to the spar 34, even if nails or screws are driven obliquely upward from the lower surface of the step plate 32, the step plate 32 does not float from the spar 34.
[0070]
Therefore, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to press the step plate 32 from the upper surface, and one worker can construct the stairs.
[0071]
In the present embodiment, the engaging portion of the present invention is constituted by the engaging convex portion 36 formed so that the cross-sectional shape is rectangular and the L-shaped groove 39 formed so that the cross-sectional shape is L-shaped. However, the pair of engaging portions according to the present invention is not limited to such a configuration and can be engaged with each other, and one engaging portion and the other engaging portion are locked with each other. Any configuration can be used.
[0072]
In the present embodiment, a pair of engaging portions are configured by the engaging convex portion 36 and the L-shaped groove 39 that can be engaged with each other, and the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 is one engaging portion. The engaging projection 36 is provided, and the L-shaped groove 39, which is the other engaging portion, is provided in the mouth of the step board 32. Instead, as shown in FIG. The first baseboard adjacent portion 7 may be provided with an L-shaped notch 41 as an engaging concave portion, and an engaging convex portion 43 as the other engaging portion may be provided at the end of the step plate 42. Absent.
[0073]
The L-shaped notch 41 is notched so that a convex portion insertion opening 40 is formed on the upper surface of the first baseboard adjacent portion 7 of the spar 44.
[0074]
Even in such a case, the L-shaped notch 41 and the engaging convex portion 43 function as a pair of engaging portions that can be engaged with each other. It should be noted that the saddle girder 44 has substantially the same configuration as that of the saddle girder 34 except that the L-shaped notch 41 is provided, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[0075]
In such a case, when the step plate 42 is attached to the sheathing girder 44, first, the engagement convex portion 43 formed on the step plate 42 is formed into an L-shape from the convex portion insertion opening 40 formed on the top surface of the sheathing beam 44. The step plate 42 is dropped into the step plate support portion 8 of the spar 44 so as to be inserted into the notch 41, and the lower surface thereof is brought into contact with the upper surface of the step plate support portion 8, and then the step plate 42 is directed rearward of the staircase. Slide.
[0076]
If it does in this way, like the embodiment mentioned above, the engaging convex part 43 of the step board 42 and the L-shaped notch 41 of the spar 44 will be mutually latched. Since other operational effects are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here.
[0077]
Moreover, in this embodiment, while providing the engaging convex part 36 which is one engaging part among a pair of engaging parts in the stair side surface of the 1st baseboard adjacent part 7, Although a certain L-shaped groove 39 is provided in the top of the step plate 32, instead of this, one engagement portion is provided on the side surface of the step plate support portion and the other engagement portion is provided in the step. It may be provided on the lower surface of the plate.
[0078]
FIG. 9 shows such a modified example. An engaging projection 51 is provided on the side surface of the step plate support portion 8 of the spar 54 so as to project, and the lower surface of the step plate 52 is provided with the engaging projection. An engaging member 53 to be engaged is attached.
[0079]
The engaging member 53 is formed of an angle-shaped metal object in which a notch 56 having a protrusion insertion opening 55 is formed toward the rear of the staircase, and the engaging protrusion 51 is inserted and locked in the notch. ing.
[0080]
Even in such a case, the engagement protrusion 51 and the engagement member 53 function as a pair of engagement portions that can be engaged with each other. It should be noted that, since the spar 54 has substantially the same configuration as the spar 34 except that the engaging projections 51 are provided on the corrugated plate support 8, the detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[0081]
In such a case, when the step plate 52 is attached to the sheathing girder 54, first, the step plate 52 is dropped into the step plate supporting portion 8 of the sheathing girder 54 and its lower surface is brought into contact with the upper surface of the step plate supporting portion 8.
[0082]
Next, the step plate 52 is slid toward the rear of the staircase, and the engagement protrusion 51 protruding from the further beam 54 is inserted into the notch 56 of the engagement member 53 through the protrusion insertion opening 55.
[0083]
If it does in this way, the engagement protrusion 51 of the balance beam 54 and the engagement member 53 of the step board 52 will be mutually latched. Since other operational effects are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here.
[0084]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the staircase structure according to the present invention, when attaching the baseboard to the side wall of the staircase, it is not brought into contact with the step board or the kick board as in the prior art, Since it will be in contact with the first baseboard adjacent part and the second baseboard adjacent part, which are continuously formed in a step shape along the stair ascending / descending direction, the baseboard is put on the spot according to the step nose of the step board. This eliminates the need for notching and improves work efficiency on site.
[0085]
In addition, conventionally, nails and screws have to be fixed to the counterspar by driving nails and screws into the counterspar from the top surface of the corrugated board. Although it was necessary to hide with wood, in the present invention, since the horizontal portion of the spar is formed in a step shape, it is possible to drive nails and screws diagonally upward from the bottom of the step plate toward the spar Become. Therefore, it is not necessary to conceal the heads of nails and screws with baseboards. Instead of thick baseboards dedicated to stairs, standard baseboards used in living rooms and corridors should also be used as baseboards for staircases. And cost can be reduced.
[0086]
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B are diagrams showing a staircase structure according to a first embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is an overall perspective view, and FIG.
2A and 2B are views showing a staircase structure according to the first embodiment, in which FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1A, and FIG. Sectional drawing which follows a B line.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a step plate having a staircase structure according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the operation of the staircase structure according to the first embodiment.
5A and 5B are diagrams showing a staircase structure according to a second embodiment, wherein FIG. 5A is an overall perspective view, and FIG.
6A and 6B are views showing a step plate having a staircase structure according to a second embodiment, wherein FIG. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a bottom view, and FIG. 6C is a perspective view.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the staircase structure according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a staircase structure according to a modification of the second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a staircase structure according to another modification of the second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,31 Staircase structure
2, 32, 42, 52 Corrugated board
3 Kick board
4,34,44,54 Sasara girders
5 Horizontal part
6 Vertical section
7 Adjacent to first baseboard
8 Corrugated plate support
9 Second adjacent baseboard
10 Kick plate contact part
11 Baseboard
33 Notch
35 Fitting recess
36, 43 Engaging convex part (engaging part)
38 Fitting projection
39 L-shaped groove (engagement part)
41 L-shaped notch (engagement part)
51 Engagement protrusion (engagement part)
53 Engagement member (engagement part)

Claims

The horizontal portion includes a step plate, a kick plate erected on the rear side of the staircase of the step plate, and a horizontal girder in which a horizontal portion and a vertical portion are continuously formed in a step shape along the ascending and descending direction. From a first baseboard adjacent portion disposed on the wall surface side and a stepped plate support portion formed in a step shape at a position lowered from the first baseboard adjacent portion to the staircase by the thickness of the stepboard. And configured to support the corrugated plate on the upper surface of the corrugated plate supporting portion, and the vertical portion from the second baseboard adjacent portion and the second baseboard adjacent portion disposed on the wall surface side. A kick plate abutting portion that is stepped backwards by a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the kick plate and configured to abut the kick plate on the front of the kick plate abutting portion; A staircase structure in which the first baseboard adjacent portion and the second baseboard adjacent portion are continuously arranged in a step shape along the stair ascending / descending direction.

A notch is formed on the upper surface of the rear corner of the step plate to form a fitting convex portion, and a fitting concave portion into which the fitting convex portion is fitted is formed in the kick plate abutting portion of the further beam. The depth of the fitting recess is made to be a dimension obtained by subtracting the thickness of the kick plate from the length of the fitting projection, and one of the pair of engaging portions that can be engaged with each other. The staircase structure according to claim 1, wherein the step is provided on a side surface on the staircase side of the horizontal portion, and the other engaging portion is provided on a wooden mouth or a lower surface of the stepboard.