JP3951048B2 - End face grinding method and apparatus, and work holder - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an end surface grinding method for grinding a surface to be ground of at least one end of a rod-shaped workpiece, and an end surface grinding apparatus and a work holder used therefor.
[0002]
In this specification, the rod-shaped workpiece refers to a workpiece having a length longer than the cross-sectional area, for example, a workpiece having a length of about twice or more of the diameter when the cross section is circular.
[0003]
The rod-shaped workpiece includes those having a uniform cross section and those not. Some rod-shaped workpieces have surfaces to be ground at both ends, and others have surfaces to be ground only at one end.
[0004]
The rod-shaped workpieces having the surfaces to be ground at both ends include a uniform rod-shaped workpiece in which the ground surfaces of the ground surfaces at both ends are equal to each other and a non-uniform rod-shaped workpiece in which the ground surfaces of the ground surfaces at both ends are different from each other.
[0005]
Typical examples of the uniform bar-shaped work are those having a uniform cross section, for example, a circular or polygonal shape having a uniform cross section, but are not limited thereto.
[0006]
For example, the non-uniform bar-shaped workpiece has a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from one end to the other end, and surfaces to be ground having different areas to be ground are formed at both ends. One end surface of an equal rod-shaped portion is a ground surface having a large ground area as it is, a projection-shaped portion is formed on the other end surface, and a tip surface thereof is a ground surface having a small ground area.
[0007]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method for simultaneously grinding the surfaces to be ground at both ends of a cylindrical workpiece, there is known a method in which a workpiece accommodated in an opening (pocket) of a carrier is positioned between a pair of grinding wheels.
[0008]
Further, as a method for grinding a surface to be ground at one end of a cylindrical workpiece, there is known a method in which a workpiece accommodated in an opening of a carrier is positioned between a grinding wheel and a workpiece pressing member that is not ground.
[0009]
In any of the above cases, the workpiece is accommodated with a gap in the opening of the carrier.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When grinding the ground surface at both ends or the ground surface at one end of a rod-shaped workpiece that is longer than the cross-sectional area by the above method, the workpiece is accommodated with a gap in the opening of the carrier. There is a problem in that the workpiece is inclined, and a slack is generated at the peripheral portion of the surface to be ground, so that a desired flatness cannot be obtained.
[0011]
In order to obtain the desired flatness, it is conceivable to fix the rod-shaped workpiece to the carrier with a dedicated jig. In such a case, the jig structure is complicated in order to obtain good flatness. Further, when the shape and dimensions of the workpiece change, it is necessary to replace the jig and the carrier, and it is necessary to prepare the jig and the carrier for each workpiece.
[0012]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, do not require a dedicated jig, do not need to replace the carrier even when the shape and dimensions of the workpiece change, and can obtain a good flatness. The object is to provide an end grinding method and apparatus.
[0013]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a work holder for a rod-shaped workpiece that eliminates the need for a dedicated jig, eliminates the need to change the carrier even if the shape and dimensions of the workpiece change, and obtains good flatness. It is to provide.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention]
The end surface grinding method according to the present invention is a method in which a bar-shaped workpiece is positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a workpiece pressing member that does not perform grinding, and the surface to be ground at least one end of the bar-shaped workpiece is ground. There, Due to the elastic force of the elastic member A work holder that bundles and holds a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces is detachably attached to a carrier, and a portion of the work holder attached to the carrier is positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a work holding member. To do.
[0015]
The method of the present invention can be applied to both so-called in-feed grinding and through-feed grinding. In in-feed grinding, the part of the carrier to which the work holder is attached is stopped between the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or workpiece holding member, and the grinding wheel and other grinding wheel or workpiece holding member are At least one of them is fed in the axial direction to grind the end face of the workpiece. In the case of through-feed grinding, the end surface of the workpiece is ground while moving the portion of the carrier to which the workpiece holder is attached between a grinding wheel at a fixed position and another grinding wheel or workpiece holding member.
[0016]
When a plurality of rod-like workpieces are bundled and held on a workpiece holder, adjacent workpieces may be in contact with each other or may be separated from each other.
[0017]
According to the end face grinding method of the present invention, since a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces are bundled and held on the work holder and positioned between the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a work holding member, a plurality of pieces held by the work holder are held. In the whole workpiece, the length is shorter than the cross-sectional area, and the workpiece is not tilted during grinding, and good flatness can be obtained. Also, since multiple workpieces are held by the workpiece holder, a dedicated jig is not required, and even if the workpiece shape and dimensions change, work It is only necessary to change the holder, and there is no need to change the carrier.
Furthermore, since a plurality of rod-like workpieces are bundled and held by the workpiece holder by the elastic force of the elastic member, when the workpiece is held on the annular member in the in-feed grinding, the position of the surface to be ground of each workpiece is accurately Even if they do not match, at least one of the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or workpiece holding member is fed in the axial direction, and the workpiece is sandwiched between them to move the workpiece in the axial direction to Positions can be matched and work can be easily attached to the work holder. .
[0018]
In the end surface grinding method of the present invention, for example, the workpiece holder is rotated with respect to the carrier during grinding.
[0019]
In this way, the plurality of rod-like workpieces held in a bundle with the workpiece holder are forcibly rotated with respect to the grinding wheel during grinding. For this reason, a part of the surface to be ground of the workpiece is not intensively ground, and the entire surface to be ground is ground uniformly. Therefore, the surface to be ground of the workpiece after grinding is not biased, and highly accurate grinding can be performed.
[0020]
In the double-sided grinding method of the present invention, for example, a rod-shaped workpiece is positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel and the surfaces to be ground at both ends of the rod-shaped workpiece are ground, and the rod-shaped workpiece is held by the workpiece holder. When the workpiece includes a plurality of non-uniform bar-shaped workpieces having different ground areas on the ground surfaces at both ends, the directions of a part of these non-uniform bar-shaped workpieces and the remaining part are reversed.
[0021]
In this specification, the direction of the rod-shaped workpiece means the direction of the axial direction, that is, the direction of the surface to be ground having the larger (or smaller) surface to be ground.
[0022]
As described above, when viewed from the whole of the plurality of rod-shaped workpieces held by the workpiece holder, the ground surface with a large area of the uneven rod-shaped workpiece and the ground surface with a small area are mixed in each of both ends. Thus, the ground area of the entire workpiece at each end can be made substantially equal.
[0023]
When a plurality of non-uniform bar-shaped workpieces are held in the workpiece holder in the same direction, a large difference occurs in the entire area to be ground at each end of the workpiece. For this reason, if the same thing is used for a pair of grinding wheels, a difference will arise in a dress interval and the management will become difficult.
[0024]
On the other hand, as described above, if the entire workpiece to be ground at each end is substantially equal as described above, the dress interval can be equalized even if the same grinding stone is used as a pair of grinding wheels. Management becomes easy.
[0025]
The work holder according to the present invention is attached to a portion of a carrier that can be positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a work holding member that does not perform grinding, Due to the elastic force of the elastic member A plurality of rod-like workpieces are bundled and held.
[0026]
If the work holder of the present invention is used, the above-described end surface grinding method of the present invention can be easily carried out.
[0027]
That is, by attaching a work holder holding a bundle of a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces to the carrier, the plurality of rod-shaped workpieces are positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a workpiece holding member, and at least one end of each workpiece The surface to be ground can be ground. In addition, since a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces are bundled and held on the work holder and positioned between the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a work holding member, the cross-sectional area of the whole of the plurality of works held by the work holder is reduced. In comparison, the length is shortened, and the workpiece is not tilted during grinding, and a good flatness can be obtained. Also, since multiple workpieces are held by the workpiece holder, a dedicated jig is not required, and even if the workpiece shape and dimensions change, work It is only necessary to change the holder, and there is no need to change the carrier.
Furthermore, a plurality of rod-like workpieces can be bundled and reliably held by the elastic force of the elastic member. In addition, since a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces are bundled and held by elastic force, the position of the surface to be ground of each workpiece is exactly the same when the workpiece is held on an annular member in in-feed grinding. Even if not, at least one of the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or workpiece holding member is sent in the axial direction, and the workpiece is sandwiched between them to move the workpiece in the axial direction to match the position of the surface to be ground. The work can be easily attached to the work holder. .
[0028]
In the work holder of the present invention, for example, an annular member capable of bringing the peripheral surfaces of a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces into contact with the inner peripheral surface; Due to the elastic force of the elastic member A pressing member that presses the rod-shaped workpiece against the inner peripheral surface of the annular member.
[0031]
In this way, the rod-like workpiece can be pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the annular member by the elastic force and reliably held. Ru .
[0032]
In addition, for example, the pressing member has a wedge portion that abuts against the peripheral surfaces of the two bar-shaped workpieces and presses in a direction that widens the distance between them.
[0033]
If it does in this way, the space | interval of two rod-shaped workpieces can be expanded by the wedge part of a press member, and a rod-shaped workpiece can be reliably pressed and hold | maintained to the internal peripheral surface of an annular member.
[0034]
The work holder of the present invention includes, for example, a deformable annular member that is formed with a slit in at least one place and can make the circumferential surface of a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces contact the inner circumferential surface. In the part Through elastic member Tightening means for tightening the annular member and pressing the rod-shaped workpiece against the annular member is provided.
[0037]
In this way, the workpiece can be securely held inside the annular member by tightening the annular member with elastic force. Ru .
[0038]
Further, for example, an interval holding member is provided that is positioned inside a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces arranged along the inner circumferential surface of the annular member and abuts the circumferential surface of the rod-shaped workpiece on the outer circumferential surface.
[0039]
In this way, even when the cross-sectional area of the rod-shaped workpiece is small, the rod-shaped workpiece can be reliably held along the inner circumferential surface of the inner circumferential surface of the annular member.
[0040]
In the work holder of the present invention, for example, a deformable annular member having a slit formed in at least one place, and two axial places of the rod-like work that are provided on the inner periphery of the annular member at intervals in the axial direction. Two workpiece holding plates, and in the slit part of the annular member Through elastic member Tightening means for tightening the annular member to reduce the inner circumference of the annular member is provided, and each work holding plate is provided with a plurality of openings for accommodating one bar-shaped work one by one, and the work holding plate is secured by tightening the annular member. A slit for reducing the size of the opening by being deformed is formed.
[0041]
In a state where the annular member is not tightened by the tightening means, the size of the opening of the work holding plate is slightly larger than the outer shape of the part of the work accommodated therein. By passing a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces through corresponding openings of the pair of workpiece holding plates and fastening the annular member with fastening means, the size of the openings is reduced and the workpiece is held.
[0042]
If it does in this way, a rod-like work can be held to an annular member via a pair of work holding plates only by fastening an annular member with a fastening means. In addition, since the work holding plate holds two parts of the work spaced apart in the axial direction, it is possible to reliably prevent the work from being tilted during grinding. Moreover, even if the shape and dimensions of the workpiece change, it is only necessary to replace the workpiece holding plate with one having a different shape and size of the opening.
[0044]
further, The work piece can be securely held in the opening of the work holding plate by tightening the annular member with elastic force. Ru .
[0045]
An end surface grinding apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus that positions a bar-shaped workpiece between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a workpiece pressing member that does not perform grinding, and grinds the surface to be ground of at least one end of the bar-shaped workpiece. The carrier includes the carrier that can be positioned between the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a workpiece pressing member, and the work holder described above.
[0046]
If the end surface grinding apparatus of the present invention is used, the above-described double-side grinding method of the present invention can be easily carried out.
[0047]
That is, by attaching a work holder that holds and holds a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces to a carrier, the plurality of rod-shaped workpieces are passed between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a workpiece holding member, and at least one end of each workpiece is covered. The grinding surface can be ground. In addition, since a plurality of bar-shaped workpieces are bundled and held in a work holder and passed between a pair of grinding wheels, the overall length of the plurality of workpieces held by the work holder is shorter than the cross-sectional area, The workpiece is not tilted during grinding, and good flatness can be obtained. In addition, since a plurality of workpieces are held by the workpiece holder, a dedicated jig is not necessary, and even if the shape and dimensions of the workpiece change, it is only necessary to replace the holder, and there is no need to replace the carrier.
Furthermore, since a plurality of rod-like workpieces are bundled and held by the workpiece holder by the elastic force of the elastic member, the position of the surface to be ground of each workpiece is accurately determined when holding the workpiece on the annular member in the case of in-feed grinding. Even if they do not match, at least one of the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or workpiece holding member is fed in the axial direction, and the workpiece is sandwiched between them to move the workpiece in the axial direction to Positions can be matched and work can be easily attached to the work holder. .
[0048]
The double-side grinding apparatus of the present invention includes, for example, a rotating member that is rotatably provided on the carrier and to which the work holder is detachably attached, and a rotation driving means that rotates the rotating member with respect to the carrier.
[0049]
If it does in this way, by rotating a rotation member with a rotation drive means, a plurality of rod-like work bundled and held by a work holder can be forced to rotate with respect to a grinding wheel during grinding. For this reason, a part of the surface to be ground of the workpiece is not intensively ground, and the entire surface to be ground is ground uniformly. Therefore, the surface to be ground of the workpiece after grinding is not biased, and highly accurate grinding can be performed.
[0050]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0051]
1 to 3 show an example of an end surface grinding apparatus. 1 is a perspective view of the main part of the end surface grinding apparatus, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a part of FIG.
[0052]
As shown in FIG. 1, the end face grinding apparatus is an embodiment in a vertical-axis double-sided surface grinding machine, and is a horizontal platen (1) and a horizontal disk-like plate arranged on the side of the platen (1). Lower grinding wheel (2), upper grinding wheel (3) disposed above the lower grinding wheel (2), and upper and lower grinding wheels (3) (2) above the surface plate (1) A horizontal plate-like carrier (4) arranged in the middle and partly located between both wheels (3) (2), and a workpiece that is detachably attached to the carrier (4) And a holder (5).
[0053]
Although the detailed illustration is omitted, the lower grindstone (2) is fixed upward at the upper end of the lower grindstone shaft centered on the vertical rotation center axis (A), and the upper end surface is a planar grinding surface (2a ). Similarly, the upper grindstone (3) is fixed downward to the lower end of the upper grindstone shaft centered on the same axis (A), and its lower end surface is a flat grinding surface (3a). The upper and lower grindstone shafts are individually rotated by an appropriate rotation driving device (not shown), whereby the grindstones (2) and (3) are independently rotated. Each grindstone shaft can be individually moved up and down, whereby both grindstones (2) and (3) are moved in the axial direction, and the distance between the grinding surfaces (2a) and (3a) is adjusted. As the grindstones (2) and (3), for example, an SD (synthetic diamond) grindstone, a CBN (cubic boron nitride) grindstone, or the like can be used.
[0054]
The center of the carrier (4) is fixed to a first drive shaft (not shown) centered on the vertical rotation center axis (B) on the side of the grindstone (2) (3), and extends in the radial direction. Work holder mounting portions (6a) and (6b) are provided at portions near both ends. The work holder mounting part is generically designated by reference numeral (6), and when distinguished, they are referred to as a first work holder mounting part (6a) and a second work holder mounting part (6b). Although not shown, the first drive shaft is driven by the first drive motor, whereby the carrier (4) rotates. The carrier (4) is rotated by 180 degrees, and as shown in FIG. 1, one of the work holder mounting portions (6) is positioned between the two grindstones (2) and (3) and the other is fixed on the opposite side. It is stopped at the work holder attaching / detaching position located on the panel (1). Further, the carrier (4) can also continuously rotate within a predetermined angle range so that each work mounting portion (6) moves between the grinding wheels (2) and (3) at a predetermined speed.
[0055]
The surface plate (1) has a shape in which the part of the disc on the grindstone (2) (3) side is cut out and is fixedly placed below the carrier (4) so that it is concentric with the carrier (4) Has been. The outer diameter of the surface plate (1) is almost equal to the length of the carrier (4). The upper surface (1a) of the surface plate (1) is located in the middle of the heights of both the grindstones (2) and (3). Part of the surface plate (1) on the grindstone (2) (3) side is notched to avoid interference with the grindstone (2) (3), and the peripheral surface of this notch (1b) Usually, it is close to the outer peripheral surface of the lower grindstone (2).
[0056]
In each work holder mounting portion (6) of the carrier (4), a circular opening (7) is formed, and inside the opening (7), an annular rotating member (8a) (8b) is the center. It is supported so that it can rotate around the vertical axis. The rotating members are collectively referred to by reference numeral (8), and when distinguished, they are referred to as a first rotating member (8a) and a second rotating member (8b). As shown in detail in FIG. 3, an annular groove (9) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the opening (7). An annular protrusion (10) is formed at the axially central portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating member (8), and an annularly projecting gear (11) is formed at the axially central portion of the outer peripheral surface of the annular protrusion (10). Yes. The portion of the annular protrusion (10) is fitted into the portion of the annular groove (9) on the inner peripheral surface of the opening (7), and the portion of the rotating member (8) inside the annular protrusion (10) is inside the opening (7). It is fitted. Support rollers (12) are provided at a plurality of locations (four locations in this example) in the annular groove (9). Each support roller (12) is rotatably attached to a shaft (13) whose upper and lower ends are fixed to the upper and lower walls of the annular groove (9). An annular groove (14) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of each roller (12), and a portion of the outer peripheral gear (11) of the rotating member (8) is fitted into this groove (14), so that the rotating member (8) Several places are supported by the roller (12).
[0057]
The rotating member (8) has an opening (15) for mounting the work holder (5). The opening (15) has a shape obtained by removing a part of a circle, and a flat portion (15a) for rotation prevention parallel to each other is formed on the inner periphery thereof. In addition, a projecting portion (16) for preventing the work holder from falling off is formed at the lower part of the inner peripheral surface of the opening (15) of the rotating member (8).
[0058]
The carrier (4) has a first drive gear (17a) meshing with the gear (11) of the first rotating member (8a) and a second drive gear (17b) meshing with the gear (11) of the second rotating member (8b). Is provided. The first and second drive gears are collectively referred to by reference numeral (17). Although not shown, the first drive gear (17a) meshes with a gear fixed to the second drive shaft centered on the shaft (B), and the second drive motor drives the second drive shaft. Thus, the first rotating member (8a) rotates with respect to the carrier (4). The second drive gear (17b) meshes with a gear fixed to the third drive shaft centered on the shaft (B). By driving the third drive shaft by the third drive motor, the carrier (4) The second rotating member (8b) rotates relative to the rotation.
[0059]
At least two of the first, second and third drive shafts are hollow, and these three drive shafts are arranged concentrically on the shaft (B) so that they can be rotated individually. It has become.
[0060]
A first example of the work holder (5) and an example of the work (W) held by the work holder (5) are shown in detail in FIGS.
[0061]
The workpiece (W) in this example is formed by forming a rectangular protrusion (Wb) having an elongated transverse section on one end surface of a cylindrical section (Wa) having a uniform transverse section. The end surface of the portion (Wa) having no protrusion is the first ground surface (S1) having a large ground area, and the end surface of the protruding portion (Wb) is the second ground surface (S2) having a small ground area. . The height (length) of the workpiece (W) is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical portion (Wa), and is about twice the diameter or more.
[0062]
The work holder (5) of the first example can hold the above-mentioned work (W) in a bundle of four.
[0063]
The work holder (5) includes an annular member (18) that can contact the peripheral surface of the work (W) and two pressing members (19) that press the work (W) against the inner peripheral surface of the annular member (18). And.
[0064]
The annular member (18) is fixed to the upper surfaces of the plate-like base member (21) having the opening (20) into which the workpiece (W) is inserted and the base members (21) on both sides of the opening (20). A pair of holding members (22), and a pair of guide members (23) fixed to the upper surface of the base member (21) on both sides of the opening (20) between the holding members (22). ing. Two holding recesses (22a) are formed on the opposing surface of each holding member (22) constituting a part of the inner peripheral surface of the annular member (18). The outer shape of the entire annular member (18) viewed from above is the same shape as the opening (15) of the rotating member (8) and slightly smaller than this.
[0065]
Both guide members (23) are formed with guide holes (24) located on a horizontal straight line, and each pressing member (19) faces the guide hole (24) of each guide member (23). It is slidably inserted from the side (inside). The pressing member (19) is hollow, the portion of the pressing member (19) protruding inward from the guide member (23) is larger in diameter than the portion of the pressing member (19) inserted into the guide hole (24), A wedge part (19a) is formed between these two parts. The outer end of each pressing member (19) is closed by an adjusting screw (25) inserted from the end. Both end portions of the compression coil spring (26), which is an elastic member, are fitted into the hollow portions of the two pressing members (19) from the opposite surface side, and are pressed against the end surfaces of the screws (25). (19) is biased in the direction in which the distance between each other increases. A mandrel (27) for preventing deformation and displacement of the spring (26) is inserted inside the spring (26).
[0066]
The workpiece (W) is inserted between the four concave portions (22a) and the tapered portion (19a) of the pressing member (19), and the tapered portion (19a) is surrounded by the elastic force of the spring (26). Abuts part of the surface and presses the other two parts of the peripheral surface of the work (W) against the two parts of the recess (22a), so that the four works (W) are bundled on the work holder (5). Retained. The height of the work holder (5) is lower than the height of the work (W), and the work (W) held by the work holder (5) protrudes up and down from the work holder (5).
[0067]
When the workpiece (W) is ground using the above-described end surface grinding apparatus, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, four workpieces (W) are mounted on the workpiece holder (5) not mounted on the carrier (4). Hold. At this time, the two pressing members (19) are moved toward each other against the elastic force of the spring (26), and the wedge portion (19a) and the concave portion (22a) of the holding member (22) are moved. After inserting the workpiece (W) into the space between them with the interval widened, the workpiece (W) is moved by the wedge portion (19a) by the elastic force of the spring (26) by releasing the pressing member (19). The workpiece (W) is held in pressure contact with the recess (22a). Moreover, the direction of the workpiece | work (W) adjacent to the circumferential direction is mutually reversed, and the direction of the workpiece | work (W) is mutually reversed by half. By doing so, the entire ground areas at both ends are equal to each other. Further, the positions of the ground surfaces (S1) and (S2) of all the workpieces (W) at each end are roughly aligned. Such work (W) is mounted at another station.
[0068]
When the work holder (5) holds the work (W), the rotating member of the work holder mounting part (6) located on the surface plate (1) of the carrier (4) stopped at the work holder attaching / detaching position The work holder (5) is attached to the opening (15) of (8), the carrier (4) is rotated 180 degrees, and stopped at the work holder attaching / detaching position. At this time, both the grindstones (2) and (3) are rotating, the lower grindstone (2) is positioned at the same height as the upper surface (1a) of the surface plate, and the upper grindstone (3) is moving upward. . Then, the workpiece (W) held by the workpiece holder (5) is positioned between the two grinding wheels (2) and (3), and both the grinding surfaces (2a) and (3a) are both ground surfaces of the workpiece (W) ( Opposite S1) and S2).
[0069]
When the work holder (5) is mounted on the rotating member (8) on the surface plate (1), the lower end of the work (W) is placed on the upper surface (1a) of the surface plate, and the work holder (5) is overhanging. It is separated above the part (16). When the rotating member (8) moves between the two grinding wheels (2) and (3), the workpiece (W) comes off the surface plate (1) and is placed on the grinding surface (2a) of the lower grinding wheel (2). Stop it.
[0070]
When the carrier (4) stops at the work holder attaching / detaching position, the rotating member (8) positioned between both the grindstones (2) (3) is rotated to attach the work holder (5 ) And the workpiece (W), and the upper grindstone (3) is moved to a predetermined position in the direction approaching the lower grindstone (2) (downward) to give a predetermined incision, so-called infeed grinding for both grinding Both ground surfaces (S1) and (S2) of the workpiece (W) are ground by the surfaces (2a) and (3a).
[0071]
At this time, even if the positions of the surfaces to be ground (S1) and (S2) of all the workpieces (W) do not match completely, the workpiece (W) is moved in the axial direction with the upper grindstone (3) to be ground. All the workpieces (W) can be machined to the same height by matching the positions of the surfaces (S1) and (S2) and reliably grinding all the surfaces to be ground (S1) and (S2). In addition, the overall length of the multiple workpieces (W) held by the workpiece holder (5) is shorter than the cross-sectional area, and the workpiece (W) is not tilted during grinding and has good flatness. Can be obtained. Moreover, during grinding, the work holder (5) is rotated by the rotating member (8), and the work (W) is forcibly rotated with respect to the grindstone (2) (3). Part of the ground surfaces (S1) and (S2) is not intensively ground, and the entire ground surfaces (S1) and (S2) are ground uniformly. Therefore, the ground surfaces (S1) and (S2) of the workpiece (W) after grinding are not biased, and highly accurate grinding can be performed. Furthermore, for each workpiece (W), the ground area of the ground surfaces (S1) and (S2) at both ends is different, but the workpiece (W) direction is reversed by half, so the workpieces at both ends (W ) The entire ground area is equal. For this reason, even if the same grindstones (2) and (3) are used, the dress intervals can be made equal and management becomes easy.
[0072]
As described above, while the workpiece (W) is being ground in the workpiece holder mounting portion (6) located between the two grinding wheels (2) and (3), the workpiece is positioned on the surface plate (1). Similarly to the above, the work holder (5) holding the work (W) is mounted on the rotating member (8) of the other work holder mounting section (6) that has stopped.
[0073]
When the grinding of the workpiece (W) is completed, the upper grindstone (3) moves upward, moves away from the workpiece (W), and the rotating member (8) positioned between the two grindstones (2) (3) The rotation is stopped, and the carrier (4) rotates 180 degrees and stops at the work holder attaching / detaching position.
[0074]
As a result, the other workpiece holder mounting portion (6) holding the workpiece (W) before processing is positioned between both the grindstones (2) and (3). Done. On the other hand, since one work holder mounting portion (6) holding the processed workpiece (W) is positioned on the surface plate (1), the workpiece holder (5) holding the processed workpiece (W) The workpiece holder (5) that holds the workpiece (W) before being removed is mounted.
The rest is the same as above.
[0075]
In the above-mentioned end face grinding machine, it may be necessary to replace the work holder (5) when the shape and dimensions of the work (W) change. Even in this case, the outer shape of the work holder (5) can be kept the same. For example, there is no need to replace the carrier (4).
[0076]
6 and 7 show a second example of the work holder.
[0077]
The work holder (30) of the second example can also hold and hold four works (W) similar to the above.
[0078]
The work holder (30) includes a deformable annular member (31) capable of bringing the peripheral surfaces of a plurality of workpieces (W) into contact with the inner peripheral surface, and the annular member (31) is tightened. A clamping screw (32) and a compression coil spring (36) constituting the means are provided.
[0079]
The annular member (31) is composed of two substantially semicircular halves (31a), and the ends of both halves (31a) are connected by screws (32), and a slit (33) is formed between the ends. Is formed. More specifically, a bolt hole (34) having a large-diameter portion (34a) for accommodating the screw head (32a) is formed in one of opposing ends of both halves (31a), and a bolt is formed in the other half. A screw hole (35) corresponding to the hole (34) is formed. Then, the screw (32) inserted into the bolt hole (34) is fitted into the screw hole (35), and both halves (31a) are connected. In addition, a compression coil spring (36) is provided around the screw (32) between the bottom of the large diameter portion (34a) and the screw head (32a) in the large diameter portion (34a) of the bolt hole. Both halves (31a) are biased in the direction of tightening the annular member (31) by reducing the size of the slit (33). Each half (31a) has a plurality of pin insertion holes (37).
[0080]
The workpiece (W) is inserted inside the annular member (31) and is held in pressure contact with the workpiece (W) adjacent to the inner peripheral surface of the annular member (31) by the elastic force of the spring (36). The Then, by adjusting the screwing amount of the screw (32) into the screw hole (35), the tightening force of the annular member (31) by the spring (36) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the holding force of the workpiece (W). Has been. When holding the workpiece (W) in the workpiece holder (30), insert a pin (not shown) into the pin insertion hole (37), widen the annular member (31) using the pin, and place the workpiece (W) inside it. insert. When removing the workpiece (W) from the workpiece holder (30), the annular member (31) is spread using pins.
[0081]
Others are the same as those of the first example, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0082]
8 and 9 show another example of how to hold the work (W) using the second work holder (30) of FIGS.
[0083]
In this case, six workpieces (W) having a smaller diameter than the example of FIGS. 4 and 5 are bundled and held on the workpiece holder (30). Therefore, in addition to the work holder (30), a leaf spring (38) and a dummy spacing member (39) are used. The leaf spring (38) is a partition that prevents the workpiece (W) from being offset toward a part of the workpiece holder (30) during grinding.
[0084]
The leaf spring (38) is disposed between the two halves (31a) of the annular member (31), and a fastening screw (32) is passed through a portion near both ends thereof.
[0085]
The spacing member (39) is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole from a pair of semi-cylindrical halves (39a). Both halves (39a) are arranged on both surfaces of the central portion of the leaf spring (38), and are fixed to the leaf spring (38) by screws (40).
[0086]
Three workpieces (W) are held between the outer peripheral surface of the spacing member (39) and the inner peripheral surface of the annular member (31) on each side of the leaf spring (38).
[0087]
Others are the same as those of the example of FIGS. 4 and 5, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0088]
10 and 11 show a third example of the work holder.
[0089]
The work holder (50) of the third example is configured to bundle and hold four works (W) similar to the above, and includes an annular member (31) substantially the same as the second example, And a work holding plate (51).
[0090]
The overall structure of the annular member (31) is the same as that of the second example, but the bolt hole (55) to which the fastening screw (32) and the compression coil spring (36) constituting the fastening means are attached as follows. ) And the screw (56) and the actions of the screw (32) and the spring (36) are different from those of the second example. In addition, two upper and lower grooves (52) are formed on the inner facing surface of each half (31a). The groove (52) is fitted with the peripheral edge of the holding plate (51).
[0091]
The bolt hole (55) includes a first large diameter portion (55a) on the slit (33) side, a second large diameter portion (55b) on the opposite side, and a small diameter portion (55c) therebetween. The screw hole (56) includes a large diameter portion (56a) on the slit (33) side and a screw portion (56b) on the opposite side. In each slit (33), a spring (36) is inserted into the first large diameter portion (55a) of the bolt hole (55) and the large diameter portion (56a) of the screw hole (56) facing each other. . The screw (32) has a small diameter part (55c), a first large diameter part (55a) and a large diameter part (56a) of the screw hole (56) from the second large diameter part (55b) side of the bolt hole (55). Screw the screw (56b) through the inside of the inner spring (36) Included The screw head (32a) is accommodated in the second large diameter portion (55b) of the bolt hole (55). Contrary to the case of the second example, the spring (36) urges both halves (31a) away from each other in the direction of increasing the size of the slit (33), and the bolt (55) The bottom of the two large diameter portions (55b) is pressed against the screw head (32a).
[0092]
Each holding plate (51) is formed with a plurality of openings (pockets) (53) for accommodating workpieces (W) one by one and a plurality of slits (54) for deforming the openings (53). Has been.
[0093]
When the workpiece (W) is held by the workpiece holder (50), the screw (32) is loosened and the annular member (31) is expanded by the elastic force of the spring (36). Then, since the opening (53) is expanded by the elastic force of the work holding plate (51) itself, the work (W) is inserted inside the opening (53). Thereafter, by tightening the screw (32), the opening of the work holding plate (51) is reduced to hold the work (W). When removing the workpiece (W) from the workpiece holder (50), the screw (32) is loosened to widen the opening (53) of the workpiece holding plate (51).
[0094]
Others are the same as in the case of the second example, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0095]
The configurations of the end surface grinding apparatus and the work holder, and the grinding method using them are not limited to those of the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.
[0096]
In the above embodiment, the workpiece holder (5) and the workpiece (W) held by the rotating member (8) are forcibly rotated by the rotating member (8) during grinding. However, this is not necessarily required.
[0097]
Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the ground surfaces (S1) and (S2) at both ends of the workpiece (W) are ground simultaneously has been shown. It can also be used for grinding. In that case, the directions of all the workpieces held by the workpiece holder are aligned so that the surfaces to be ground of all the workpieces are on the same side. Then, one of the grindstones (2) and (3) in the above example is replaced with a workpiece pressing member that does not grind only by contacting an end surface of the workpiece that is not the surface to be ground.
[0098]
Furthermore, although the case of in-feed grinding was shown in the said embodiment, said end surface grinding apparatus can be used also for in-feed oscillating grinding and through-feed grinding. In that case, the carrier is continuously rotated so that the work held by the work holder is passed between the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or the work holding member, and the work surface held at both ends or one end of the work is interposed between them. Grind. In this case, the workpiece holder holding the workpiece may be forcibly rotated during grinding or may not be so.
[0099]
In the work holders (30) and (50) of the second and third examples, the annular member (31) is provided with two slits (33), but the number of slits in the annular member is one or three. There may be more than one.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of an end surface grinding apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a portion of the carrier of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a first example of a work holder and a work held by the work holder;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a second example of a work holder and a work held by the work holder.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a second example of a work holder and a work held by the work holder;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a third example of a work holder and a work held by the work holder;
11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
(2) (3) Grinding wheel
(4) Career
(5) Work holder
(8) Rotating member
(18) Ring member
(19) Pressing member
(30) Work holder
(31) Ring member
(32) Tightening screw
(33) Slit
(36) Spring
(50) Work holder
(51) Workpiece holding plate
(53) Opening
(54) Slit
(W) Bar-shaped work
(S1) (S2) Surface to be ground

Claims (9)

A method of grinding a grinding surface of at least one end of a rod-shaped workpiece by positioning a rod-shaped workpiece between a grinding wheel and another workpiece grinding member or a workpiece pressing member that does not perform grinding,
A work holder that bundles and holds a plurality of rod-like workpieces by the elastic force of the elastic member is detachably attached to the carrier, and the part of the work holder attached to the carrier is placed between the grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or workpiece holding member. An end surface grinding method characterized by comprising positioning.   2. The end surface grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the work holder is rotated with respect to the carrier during grinding.   When a rod-shaped workpiece is positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel to grind the ground surface at both ends of the rod-shaped workpiece, the rod-shaped workpiece held by the workpiece holder is covered with the ground surface of the ground surface at both ends. 3. When a plurality of non-uniform bar-shaped workpieces having different grinding areas are included, the directions of a part of these non-uniform bar-shaped workpieces and the remaining part are reversed. End grinding method. Attached to a portion of a carrier that can be positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a work holding member that does not perform grinding, and bundles and holds a plurality of rod-like works by the elastic force of the elastic member A work holder characterized by An annular member capable of bringing the circumferential surfaces of a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces into contact with the inner circumferential surface, and a pressing member that presses the rod-shaped workpiece against the inner circumferential surface of the annular member by the elastic force of the elastic member, The work holder according to claim 4. Provided with a deformable annular member in which a slit is formed in at least one place and the peripheral surfaces of a plurality of rod-shaped workpieces can be brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface, and the annular member is annularly connected to the slit portion via an elastic member 5. The work holder according to claim 4, further comprising a fastening means for fastening the member and pressing the rod-shaped work against the annular member. A deformable annular member having a slit formed in at least one place, and two work holding plates that are provided on the inner periphery of the annular member at intervals in the axial direction and hold two places in the axial direction of the rod-like work. The annular member is provided with tightening means for tightening the annular member through the elastic member at the slit portion to reduce the inner circumference of the annular member, and each workpiece holding plate accommodates one rod-like workpiece one by one. The work holder according to claim 4, wherein a slit for reducing the size of the opening by deforming the work holding plate by tightening the annular member is formed. A device for positioning a bar-shaped workpiece between a grinding wheel and a workpiece holding member that does not perform grinding with another grinding wheel, and grinds the surface to be ground of at least one end of the bar-shaped workpiece,
An end surface grinding apparatus comprising: a carrier that can be positioned between a grinding wheel and another grinding wheel or a work pressing member; and the work holder according to any one of claims 4 to 7.   The end surface grinding apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising: a rotating member that is rotatably provided on the carrier and to which the work holder is detachably attached; and a rotation driving unit that rotates the rotating member with respect to the carrier.

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