JP3948587B2 - Waste incineration treatment system and its treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

これは３回繰り返した場合のデータであり、何れも室温からのスタートである。なお、１次燃焼バーナ５５は５００℃以上でＯＦＦとなり、４８０℃以下でＯＮとなる。また、２次燃焼バーナ５６は４００℃以上でＯＦＦとなり、３８０℃でＯＮとなる。どちらのバーナも２時間以降は設定以上の温度になり、ＯＦＦのままであった。
【０１１５】
定量送り装置は１回転すると、約１ｋｇの破砕生ゴミを送り込む。１区画に１ｋｇづつ載せるようにタイマーを設定し、定量送り装置を動作させるようにした。
【０１１６】
１区画への供給量を１ｋｇづつとすると８ｋｇとなり、毎時６ｋｇ処理するには０．７５回転／Ｈとなり、８０分で１回転すれば６ｋｇ／Ｈが処理される。
【０１１７】
また、乾燥領域Ｃ−１〜Ｃ−３の３区分の移動は３０分となり、１区分の移動は１０分となる。火格子５０の回転速度は、８分間で１回転すると、１分間で１区分で回転する。
【０１１８】
すなわち、火格子５０は９分間停止、１分間回転で計１０分のＯＮ、ＯＦＦ動作で良く、９分間停止の間に定量送り装置が１回転／分作動すると１ｋｇの粉砕生ゴミが送り込まれることとなる。５時間処理して生じる燃えがら（灰）は４．６％〜６．２％であった。
【０１１９】
さらに、廃棄物が投入されてから乾燥領域Ｃ−１〜Ｃ−３の３区画を移動するのに３０分間かかり、部分的に着火、自己燃焼が始まる含水率は４０％に到達することができた。
【０１２０】
２時間後には、自燃が盛んになり、１次焼却領域Ｃ−５の領域では５００℃を越し、４時間以降では６５０℃前後で安定した燃焼が継続し、誘引ファン２４によって排出される２次焼却後の排気は、９０〜１００℃で白煙、臭いともなく、良好であった。
【０１２１】
また、この廃棄物の焼却装置は、幅６０ｃｍ、高さ１１０ｃｍの家庭用冷蔵庫程度の大きさにおさまり、ガス使用量、臭い等の点から調理器具オーブンと同様に扱うことが出来る。
【０１２２】
このように、上記からも判るように、本実施形態に係る廃棄物の焼却処理システムでは、横設した焼却筒４８内に連続的に定量供給される廃棄物３が余熱によって水分が蒸発されて自己燃焼する位まで乾燥されるので、むらなく均一な燃焼を行うことができ、また、乾燥された廃棄物３を順次割出される廃棄物収容部屋に連続的に定量供給することにより、高温領域での燃焼を継続することができ、かつ廃棄物収容部屋が１回転される過程で攪拌されつつ各バーナ５５、５６によって燃焼、焼却されるので、炉内温度の低下が防止され、ダイオキシンの生成を安定的に抑制することができる。
【０１２３】
また、横設した焼却筒４８の内部が中心軸４９により回転駆動される複数の隔壁５０によって半径方向に仕切られて複数の廃棄物収容部屋が形成されているので、焼却筒４８を小型且つコンパクトな構成にすることができ、廃棄物収容部屋に収容された生ゴミ等の廃棄物３が１回転する間に乾燥、焼却されるので、燃焼効率が良く、むらのない均一な燃焼を行うことができる。
【０１２４】
さらに、隔壁５０の表裏面には複数の係止片５１ａ、５１ｂが突設されているので、廃棄物収容部屋内の廃棄物を万遍なく攪拌することができ、燃焼効率を向上させることができる。
【０１２５】
また、焼却筒４８が１回転する間に内部に収容されている破棄物は、燃焼、焼却されて、焼却された廃棄物は排出口６７から排出されるが、排出口６７に図示しない所定大きさの網目状フィルタを設けておけば、この網目より大きな灰、オキはそのまま回転が継続されることになり、この残留物の余熱によって、焼却筒４８の供給口５２から新たに供給される生ゴミを含む廃棄物の乾燥を助長させることができる。
【０１２６】
次に、廃棄物焼却処理装置に係る第２実施形態としての横設焼却筒４８内を区画する隔壁に取り付けられる係止片の変形例につき説明する。
【０１２７】
図８は焼却筒内を区画する隔壁に別の形態の係止片を取り付けた状態を示す部分断面斜視図である。５７ａ、５７ｂは係止片を示し、これら係止片５７ａ、５７ｂは、所定板圧の帯板状に形成されており、火格子となる網目状の隔壁５０の表裏面に半径方向外側端部から回転軸４９側に対し水平又は傾斜するように所定間隔離間して突設配置されている。ここでは、傾斜状態で取り付けられた係止５７ａ、５７ｂにつき説明する。
【０１２８】
更に、これら係止片５７ａ、５７ｂは、少なくとも隣接する隔壁５０の対向する表面に半径方向外側端部から回転軸４９側に対し水平又は同方向に傾斜するように所定間隔離間して突設配置されている。
【０１２９】
このように構成された別形態の係止片によれば、例えば図５及び図７に示される供給口５２から焼却筒４８内を８枚の隔壁５０により略均等に分割したうちの１つであるＣ−１領域の廃棄物収容室に廃棄物３が供給される。
【０１３０】
そこで、隔壁５０がゆっくり回転されると、区画された廃棄物収容室内の廃棄物３はこの回転によりＣ−１領域からＣ−３に移動して、隔壁５０が回転によって垂直状態になると隔壁５０に載置されて上方に移動した廃棄物は隔壁の表側に設けられた係止片５７ｂの傾斜面に沿って回転軸４９側に向けて軸方向に移動する。
【０１３１】
更に隔壁５０が垂直位置から時計回りに回転してＣ−４からＣ−５に移動すると、隔壁５０は水平な姿勢となり、隔壁５０上の廃棄物は焼却室内のバーナ５５の火焔によって焼却されつつ移動する過程で網目を通過した燃えがらは下方の廃棄物収容室に落下する。
【０１３２】
次に、隔壁５０が水平状態から更に下方に回転して、Ｃ−６からＣ−８まで移動すると、内部の廃棄物は隔壁裏面側の係止片５７ａに係止されて回転軸４９とは反対側の隔壁５０外周側に向けて軸方向に移動する。
【０１３３】
このように、焼却筒４８の回転に伴って各廃棄物収容室内に収容される廃棄物は、各係止片５７ａ、５７ｂの傾斜に沿って軸方向に方向を変えながら移動しつつ係止片を乗り越えて落下し、好適に攪拌されるので焼却筒４８の回転とともに移動し効率よく燃焼させることができる。
【０１３４】
【発明の効果】
本発明は次の効果を奏する。
【０１３５】
（ａ）請求項１の発明によれば、廃棄物収容部屋内に供給される生ゴミなどの廃棄物が、焼却筒内で移動する過程で攪拌しつつ、燃焼、焼却手段から得られる余熱によって自己燃焼する位まで十分に乾燥させたのちに燃焼、焼却されるので、むら無く、燃え残りのない均一な燃焼を行うことができ、また乾燥した廃棄物を連続的に投入することにより、高温領域で燃焼を継続することができるため、炉内温度の低下を防止し安定的にダイオキシンの生成を抑制することができる。
【０１３６】
（ｂ）請求項２の発明によれば、ホッパー内に貯留される廃棄物が立設した焼却筒の乾燥室内に所定量供給され、供給された廃棄物が移動する過程で攪拌しつつ、余熱によって生ゴミなどの廃棄物中の水分を蒸発させて自己燃焼する位まで乾燥されるので、むらなく均一な燃焼を行うことができ、また、乾燥した廃棄物を連続的に所定量供給することにより、高温領域で燃焼を継続することができ、前記廃棄物が攪拌しつつ燃焼手段によって燃焼、焼却されるので、炉内温度の低下が防止され、ダイオキシンの生成を安定的に抑制することができる。
【０１３７】
（ｃ）請求項３の発明によれば、横設した焼却筒内に連続的に所定量供給される廃棄物が余熱によって水分が蒸発されて自己燃焼する位まで乾燥されるので、むらなく均一な燃焼を行うことができ、また、乾燥された廃棄物を順次廃棄物収容部屋に連続的に所定量供給することにより、高温領域での燃焼を継続することができ、かつ前記廃棄物収容部屋が１回転される過程で攪拌されつつ燃焼手段によって燃焼、焼却されるので、炉内温度の低下が防止され、ダイオキシンの生成を安定的に抑制することができる。
【０１３８】
（ｄ）請求項４の発明によれば、誘引ファンによって乾燥室ないし燃焼室に連通する外筒を介して乾燥室から排出される排気ガスが燃焼室を通して排気されるので、廃棄物収容部屋が余熱ばかりか排熱を利用することができるため、炉内温度を高温状態に維持することができ燃焼効率を向上させることができる。
【０１３９】
（ｅ）請求項５の発明によれば、生ゴミなどの廃棄物が燃焼可能な条件で炉内に供給されるので、常に炉内においては最適な燃焼状態を得ることができる。
【０１４０】
（ｆ）請求項６の発明によれば、廃棄物の燃焼状況が監視されているので、焼却温度が設定値を越えた際に定常運転が緊急運転モードに切り換えられて、焼却炉内を安全な状態に制御することができる。
【０１４１】
（ｇ）請求項７の発明によれば、立設した焼却筒の内部が排出口を有する１枚の底板によって複数段に区画して上下に廃棄物収容部屋がそれぞれ形成されているので、焼却筒をコンパクトに構成することができる。また焼却筒内の各部屋内で回転翼により廃棄物を回転させつつ攪拌させて底板の排出口を介して下段の部屋に順次移動して、乾燥室を通過したのち燃焼室を通過するするようになっているので、むらなく均一な燃焼を行うことができる。
【０１４２】
（ｈ）請求項８の発明によれば、横設した焼却筒の内部が中心軸により回転駆動される複数の隔壁によって半径方向に仕切られて複数の廃棄物収容部屋が形成されているので、焼却筒を小型且つコンパクトな構成にすることができ、廃棄物収容部屋に収容された生ゴミ等の廃棄物が１回転する間に乾燥、焼却されるので、燃焼効率が良く、むらのない均一な燃焼を行うことができる。
【０１４３】
（ｉ）請求項９の発明によれば、燃焼室ならびに各乾燥室で発生するガスが２次燃焼室内で燃焼されて誘引ファンにより外部に排気されるようになっているので、多孔性の耐火材を用いることにより、その赤熱による輻射熱と多孔性による大きな表面積を利用して排気ガスの酸化分解効果を高く保つことができる。
【０１４４】
（ｊ）請求項１０の発明によれば、隔壁の表裏面に複数の係止片が突設されているので、廃棄物収容部屋内の廃棄物を万遍なく攪拌することができ、燃焼効率を向上させることができる。
【０１４５】
（ｋ）請求項１１の発明によれば、隔壁の回転により傾斜した係止片に係止されている廃棄物は隔壁の回転に伴って回転軸方向にゆっくり移動し、係止片の傾斜角度は上下位置では逆傾斜になるため回転に伴う廃棄物の移動方向が反転するため、廃棄物は回転とともに移動し効率よく燃焼させることができる。
【０１４６】
（ｌ）請求項１２の発明によれば、隣接する隔壁の対向する表面に半径方向外側端部から回転軸側に向けて同方向に傾斜するように所定間隔離間して突設配置されているので、互いに隣接する隔壁内の領域に収容される廃棄物は隔壁の回転に伴って同方向に移動するため効率よく燃焼することができる。
【０１４７】
（ｍ）請求項１３の発明によれば、生ゴミ中の貝殻、魚の骨、梅干しの種等の硬いものを粉砕できるので、これらを十分に乾燥、焼却することがき、また、回転軸に巻き付いたものはスクレーパによってかきとられるので、破砕装置が閉塞することが無くなる。
【０１４８】
（ｎ）請求項１４の発明によれば、異常高温時に冷却用の水を放水することにより内圧が昇圧した際は、排気用ダンパーが開放するので安全性が確保される。
【０１４９】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の廃棄物の焼却処理装置の第１実施形態を示す断面図である。
【図２】（ａ）は本発明の焼却処理装置の第１実施形態に係る破砕装置の平面断面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ断面図である。
【図３】本発明の焼却処理装置の第１実施形態に係る焼却筒の部分断面斜視図である。
【図４】（１）は実験例１、（２）は実験例２であり（３）は実験例３である。
【図５】本発明の廃棄物の焼却処理装置の第２実施形態を示す断面図である。
【図６】焼却処理装置の部分斜視図である。
【図７】焼却装置によって廃棄物が焼却処理される過程を示す説明断面図である。
【図８】焼却筒内を区画する隔壁に別の形態の係止片を取り付けた状態を示す部分断面斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 廃棄物の焼却処理装置
２ ホッパー
３ 廃棄物
４ 焼却筒
５ 排出口
６ 底板
７、８ 乾燥室（廃棄物収容部屋）
９ 燃焼室
１０ ２次燃焼室（廃棄物収容部屋）
１１ 灰、オキ燃焼室（廃棄物収容部屋）
１２ 破砕装置
１３ 排出口
１４ａ、１４ｂ 回転軸
１５、１６ 回転翼
１７、１８ 回転翼
１９、２０ ガスバーナ
２４ 誘引ファン
２５ 外筒
２６ａ、２６ｂ 区画部屋
２８ 区画部屋
２８ａ 導入口
２８ｂ 排出口
３０ 連通筒
３２ 灰受け容器
３３ 煙突
３４ 放水器
３５ ダンパー
３６ 下枠
３７ａ、３７ｂ 回転駆動軸
３８、３９ カッター
３８ａ、３９ａ 切れ刃
４０、４１ スクレーパ
４０ａ、４１ａ 切れ刃
４６ 廃棄物の焼却処理装置
４８ 焼却筒
４９ 回転軸
５０ 火格子（隔壁）
５１ａ、５１ｂ 係止片
５２ 供給口
５３ 予備乾燥室
５４ フィーダ
５５、５６ ガスバーナ
５７ａ、５７ｂ 係止片
５８ 外筒
６０ ２次燃焼排気ダクト（区画部屋）
６１ ２次燃焼室（区画部屋）
６２ １次燃焼排気ダクト（区画部屋）
６４ａ、６４ｂ 隔壁
６４ｃ 隔壁
６５ 排気口
６６ 連通口
６７ 排出口
６８ 灰受け容器
Ｃ 天板
Ｃ１ 供給口
Ｍ１、Ｍ２ モータ
Ｋ１、Ｋ２ キー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly uses dioxins when incinerating waste, garbage, rice cake, leftovers, sludge in drains, grease pit waste oil, infectious waste in hospitals and health facilities, disposable diapers, etc. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a waste incineration processing system and a processing apparatus for suppressing the generation of harmful substances.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Wastes such as raw garbage with a lot of moisture are generated in ordinary households, restaurants, school lunch companies, hospitals, etc., and from 1 to 2 kg / day in ordinary households to 100 to 200 kg / day in restaurants and small and medium-sized hospitals. Garbage is generated, and these raw garbage are incinerated together with paper, wood chips, plastic packaging scraps, etc. by a small simple incinerator.
[0003]
Such a simple type garbage incinerator has a hollow furnace chamber with an inlet, grate, and chimney. The combustible garbage thrown in from the inlet is ignited and burned. The method of injecting and incinerating was common.
[0004]
In this way, wastes such as garbage are difficult to burn as they are, so that, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-8-35627, JP-A-8-61628 and JP-A-7-280231, an incinerator is used. The idea is to install an iron shelf inside and place garbage on it, or put it in an iron basket suspended inside the incinerator and dry it using the heat of combustion of general garbage to burn it Has been.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a conventional technique, raw garbage containing moisture is placed on an iron shelf provided in the interior using the thermal power of burning flammable garbage in an incinerator, or put in an iron basket. The method of making it easy to burn by drying is taken.
[0006]
In such a conventional method, a restaurant, a food processing factory, a catering company, etc. with a lot of garbage have a problem that incineration processing cannot be performed due to insufficient processing capacity.
[0007]
In addition, because it cannot be used in an incinerator, in ordinary households (especially condominiums, high-rise houses or narrow garden houses), restaurants, or small business spaces that do not have room for small and medium spaces, conventional methods cannot be used for self-treatment. It is common to dispose of waste by outsourcing.
[0008]
However, garbage disposal by these public contractors is becoming charged for garbage collection due to the capacity of incineration facilities and the difficulty of collection, and there is a situation in which the collection fee increases even for fee-based contractors.
[0009]
Moreover, incinerators that handle small and medium-sized wastes have been forced to stop operations due to the generation of harmful dioxins or to carry out improvement work at a high cost.
[0010]
On the other hand, according to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1997, according to Article 21, Paragraph 1, Item 13 of the Medical Law, hospitals with hospitalized facilities with 20 beds or more are obliged to install incinerators. There are 9397 places.
[0011]
There are 89574 medical facilities such as clinics not corresponding to this, and many of them are equipped with small incinerators.
[0012]
In these facilities, because the ratio of waste with much moisture is large, the incineration temperature is difficult to increase in conventional incinerators, and most of the time for burning at the in-furnace temperature of 300 to 500 ° C. where dioxins are most likely to be generated. is occupying.
[0013]
In order to solve such problems, the object of the present invention is to suppress the generation of dioxins without reducing the furnace temperature, even if the waste is rich in moisture, and to prevent the generation of malodor and smoke. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste incineration treatment system and a treatment apparatus thereof that can be prevented and can be installed indoors by making it compact and compact.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The waste incineration processing system of the present invention supplies waste such as raw garbage temporarily stored in a hopper into a drying chamber, and the waste is generated by residual heat obtained from combustion and incineration means described later in the drying chamber. It is characterized by performing drying with stirring, supplying waste supplied from the drying chamber into an incinerator, and burning and incineration by a combustion means while stirring in the process of moving through the incinerator.
According to this feature, waste such as raw garbage supplied into the waste storage room is sufficiently stirred to stir in the course of movement in the incineration cylinder and burned by the residual heat obtained from the incineration means. After being dried, it is burned and incinerated, so it is possible to perform uniform combustion without unevenness and non-burning, and by continuing to throw in dried waste, combustion continues at high temperatures. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the furnace temperature and stably suppress the production of dioxins.
[0015]
The incineration processing system for waste according to the present invention includes a plurality of bottom plates each having a discharge port and a plurality of bottom plates each having a discharge port and a vertical portion, and at least two or more drying chambers and combustion chambers. A waste storage chamber is formed, and waste such as garbage stored in the hopper above the incineration cylinder is continuously supplied in a predetermined amount into the drying chamber immediately below the hopper, and the waste supplied into the drying chamber It is characterized in that the waste received in the combustion chamber directly under the drying chamber is burned and incinerated by the combustion means while stirring while being stirred in the process of moving the object.
According to this feature, a predetermined amount of waste stored in the hopper is supplied into the drying chamber of the incineration cylinder set up, and while the supplied waste is moving, the waste heat and the like are discarded by remaining heat. Since it dries to the point where it self-combusts by evaporating the moisture in the material, it can evenly burn evenly, and it burns in a high temperature region by supplying a predetermined amount of dry waste continuously. Since the waste is combusted and incinerated by the combustion means while stirring, the temperature in the furnace is prevented from being lowered, and the production of dioxins can be stably suppressed.
[0016]
The incineration processing system for waste according to the present invention includes a plurality of waste storage chambers in which a horizontal incineration cylinder is radially partitioned by a plurality of partition walls that are rotationally driven by a support shaft supported at the center of the incineration cylinder. A predetermined amount of waste such as garbage stored in the hopper at the top of the incineration cylinder is sequentially and continuously supplied from the waste supply port on the side wall of the incineration cylinder to the waste storage chamber in the incineration cylinder. The waste storage chamber is burned and incinerated by the incineration means while stirring the waste in the course of one rotation.
According to this feature, the waste that is continuously supplied in a predetermined amount in the horizontal incineration cylinder is dried to the extent that moisture is evaporated by the residual heat and self-combustes, so that uniform combustion can be performed evenly. In addition, by sequentially supplying a predetermined amount of the dried waste to the waste storage chamber, combustion in the high temperature region can be continued and the waste storage chamber is rotated once. Since the combustion is performed and incinerated by the combustion means while being stirred, the decrease in the furnace temperature is prevented, and the production of dioxins can be stably suppressed.
[0017]
In the waste incineration processing system of the present invention, an outer cylinder is disposed outside the standing incineration cylinder, and a circumferential gap formed between the outer cylinder and the outer side of the incineration cylinder is 2 in the outer cylinder. It is preferable that the gas in each of the drying chambers is exhausted into one compartment, and the combustion gas that has flowed into the combustion chamber and combusted is exhausted from the other compartment through an induction fan. is there.
By doing so, exhaust gas exhausted from the drying chamber is exhausted through the combustion chamber through the outer cylinder communicating with the drying chamber or combustion chamber by the induction fan, so that the waste storage chamber not only has residual heat but also exhaust heat. Therefore, the furnace temperature can be maintained at a high temperature, and the combustion efficiency can be improved.
[0018]
The waste incineration processing system of the present invention monitors the moisture content of the waste supplied into the incineration cylinder or the calorific value at the time of incineration, and is crushed waste according to the moisture content or calorific value. It is preferable to control the supply amount.
By doing in this way, since wastes, such as garbage, are supplied in a furnace on the conditions which can burn, the optimal combustion state can always be obtained in a furnace.
[0019]
The waste incineration treatment system of the present invention monitors the state of combustion of waste and switches the steady operation to the emergency operation mode when the incineration temperature exceeds a set value, thereby appropriately adjusting the feed rate of the crushed waste. It is preferable to control the switching to a proper speed and to discharge water into the incineration cylinder.
By doing this, the combustion status of the waste is monitored, so when the incineration temperature exceeds the set value, the steady operation is switched to the emergency operation mode, and the inside of the incinerator is controlled to a safe state. be able to.
[0020]
The waste incineration processing apparatus of the present invention is a waste incineration processing apparatus for crushing waste such as raw garbage temporarily stored in a hopper, dehydrating it, and then subjecting it to incineration, wherein the incineration processing apparatus Is divided into a plurality of stages by a plurality of bottom plates each having a discharge port, and a plurality of waste storage chambers including a drying chamber and a combustion chamber are formed above and below the incineration cylinder. A crushing device is disposed on the hopper outlet side of the crushing device, and the discharge port of the crushing device is communicated with the uppermost waste storage chamber in the incineration cylinder, passing through the center of each bottom plate and rotating at the center of the incineration cylinder A rotating blade that is rotatable in each chamber is fixed to a driven rotating shaft, and a combustion chamber having a combustion device is formed in the lower stage of the drying chamber.
According to this feature, since the inside of the standing incineration cylinder is partitioned into a plurality of stages by a single bottom plate having a discharge port, waste storage chambers are formed vertically, so that the incineration cylinder is compactly configured. be able to. Also, in each chamber in the incineration cylinder, the waste is rotated while being rotated by a rotary blade and sequentially moved to the lower chamber through the bottom plate discharge port so that it passes through the combustion chamber after passing through the drying chamber. Therefore, uniform combustion can be performed evenly.
[0021]
The waste incineration processing apparatus of the present invention is a waste incineration processing apparatus that performs incineration processing after dewatering waste such as garbage that is temporarily stored in a hopper, and the incineration processing apparatus is installed horizontally. A plurality of waste storage chambers are formed by partitioning the inside of the incineration cylinder in a radial direction by a plurality of partition walls arranged substantially uniformly around a rotation shaft that is driven to rotate at the center of the incineration cylinder, and above the incineration cylinder A fixed amount feeder is arranged on the hopper outlet side of the hopper, and the fixed amount feeder is connected to a supply port formed on one side of the incineration cylinder, and faces the inside of the incineration cylinder and makes one rotation starting from the supply port. A combustion device for combusting and incinerating waste in the waste storage room is arranged in a rear rotation region.
According to this feature, a plurality of waste storage chambers are formed by partitioning the inside of the horizontally installed incineration cylinders in a radial direction by a plurality of partition walls that are rotationally driven by the central axis, so that the incineration cylinders are small and compact. Since the waste such as raw garbage stored in the waste storage room is dried and incinerated during one rotation, the combustion efficiency is good and the uniform combustion without unevenness can be performed. it can.
[0022]
The incineration apparatus for waste according to the present invention includes a secondary combustion chamber provided with a combustion device at a lower stage of the combustion chamber in the incineration cylinder, a porous refractory material disposed in the secondary combustion chamber, and the incineration An outer cylinder is arranged outside the cylinder, and a circumferential gap formed between the inside of the outer cylinder and the outside of the incineration cylinder is divided into two, and one of the compartments is divided into the drying chamber and the combustion chamber. A chamber is communicated with the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber, an induction fan is provided above the other compartment, and the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the other compartment. It is preferable that the gas discharged from each of the combustion chambers and the drying chambers is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber and then exhausted to the outside by an induction fan.
By doing so, the gas generated in the combustion chamber and each drying chamber is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber and exhausted to the outside by the induction fan. Therefore, by using a porous refractory material, The oxidative decomposition effect of the exhaust gas can be kept high by utilizing the radiant heat due to the red heat and the large surface area due to the porosity.
[0023]
In the incineration apparatus for waste according to the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of partition walls that divide the inside of the incineration cylinder in the radial direction by the central axis are provided with a plurality of locking pieces on the front and back surfaces.
By doing so, since a plurality of locking pieces project from the front and back surfaces of the partition wall, the waste in the waste storage chamber can be uniformly stirred, and the combustion efficiency can be improved. it can.
[0024]
In the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention, the crushing device contacts a plurality of disk-shaped cutters having cutting edges formed on the outer periphery thereof on two parallel rotating shafts that are rotationally driven with a predetermined distance therebetween. It is preferable that a scraper is provided so that the side surfaces of the cutting blades of the cutter are in contact with each other, and a depositer that removes adhering substances adhering to the gap between the cutters on the outer periphery of each rotary shaft is provided.
By doing so, hard shells such as shells, fish bones, and dried plum seeds in the garbage can be crushed so that they can be sufficiently dried and incinerated. Since it is scraped off, the crushing device is not blocked.
[0025]
In the incineration processing apparatus for waste according to the present invention, the locking piece is formed in a band plate shape and is inclined from the radially outer end toward the rotation shaft side on the front and back surfaces of each partition wall, or the rotation It is preferable that the protrusions are arranged in parallel with the shaft at a predetermined interval.
In this way, the wastes that are locked to the locking pieces that are inclined by the rotation of the partition walls move slowly in the direction of the rotation axis along with the rotation of the partition walls, and the inclination angle of the locking pieces is reversed in the vertical position. Since the inclination is inclined, the moving direction of the waste accompanying the rotation is reversed, so that the waste can be moved with the rotation and burned efficiently.
[0026]
In the incineration processing apparatus for waste according to the present invention, the locking piece is formed in a strip shape and is inclined in the same direction from the radially outer end toward the rotating shaft on at least the opposing surfaces of the adjacent partition walls. Alternatively, it is preferable if they are arranged so as to protrude in parallel with the rotation axis at a predetermined interval.
By doing so, the adjacent surfaces of the adjacent partition walls protrude from the radially outer end portion in the same direction so as to incline in the same direction, so that they are adjacent to each other. Since the waste housed in the region in the partition wall moves in the same direction as the partition wall rotates, it can be burned efficiently.
[0027]
The waste incineration apparatus of the present invention has a water discharge means for discharging cooling water at an abnormally high temperature above the incineration cylinder, and an exhaust damper that can be opened and closed is provided on the top plate of the incineration cylinder. It is preferable if the exhaust damper is opened by the pressure in the incineration cylinder.
When the internal pressure is increased by discharging cooling water at an abnormally high temperature, the exhaust damper opens to ensure safety.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2A is a sectional plan view of a crushing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the incineration apparatus of the present invention, (b) is AA sectional drawing of (a), FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional perspective view of the incineration cylinder which concerns on 1st Embodiment of the incineration processing apparatus of this invention.
[0029]
First, a first embodiment according to a waste incineration processing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a waste incineration processing apparatus. This incineration processing apparatus 1 crushes waste 3 such as raw garbage temporarily stored in a hopper 2, It is dewatered and then incinerated, and the vertical and cylindrical incinerator 4 is partially divided into a plurality of stages by a plurality of steel plate bottom plates 6 each having a discharge port 5 and dried up and down. A plurality of waste storage chambers including the chambers 7 and 8, the combustion chambers 9 and 10, and the ash and oki combustion chamber 11 are formed.
[0031]
On the outlet side of the hopper 2 above the incineration cylinder 4, crushing crushing waste 3 such as raw garbage in the hopper 2 by a rotary blade (described later) that is rotationally driven by a motor M1 that is rotationally controlled by a control device (not shown). An apparatus 12 is disposed, and a discharge port 13 of the crushing device 12 communicates with a drying chamber 7 at the uppermost stage in the incineration cylinder 4 through a supply port C1 formed in a part of the top plate C.
[0032]
Rotating shafts 14a and 14b that are rotationally driven by a motor M2 are pivotally supported at the center of the incineration cylinder 4 through the center of the bottom plate 6 of each waste storage chamber, and the rotating shafts 14a and 14b receive the respective housings. Rotor blades 15, 16, 17, 18 that can rotate in the rooms 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are fixed.
[0033]
A combustion chamber 9 and a secondary combustion chamber 10 having gas burners 19 and 20 as combustion devices are disposed in the lower stages of the drying chambers 7 and 8, respectively, and waste incinerated in the upper combustion chamber 9 is disposed in the lowermost stage. Ashes and oki combustion chambers 11 for storing 3 ashes, okis and the like are arranged.
[0034]
On the other hand, in the lower stage of the combustion chamber 9 in the incineration cylinder 4, a secondary combustion chamber 10 provided with an inlet 28 a and an outlet 28 b on opposite sides is disposed. The secondary combustion chamber 10 is porous. The refractory material 23 is laminated.
[0035]
Further, an outer cylinder 25 is disposed outside the incineration cylinder 4, and a circumferential gap formed between the inside of the outer cylinder 25 and the outside of the incineration cylinder 4 is divided into two compartments 26a, 26b. Is formed. When the circumferential gap is partitioned, the partitioned room is formed so that its volume is 1/2 to 1/4 of the entire volume.
[0036]
One compartment 26a is configured to communicate the exhaust ports on the side surfaces of the drying chambers 7 and 8 and the combustion chamber 9 to the inlet 28a of the secondary combustion chamber 10, and the other compartment 28 is attracted upward. A fan 24 is provided so that the discharge port 28b of the secondary combustion chamber 10 communicates, and the gas discharged from the combustion chamber 9 and the drying chambers 7 and 8 is attracted into the secondary combustion chamber 10 and burned. After that, the air is exhausted from the induction fan 24 through the chimney 33 to the outside.
[0037]
The ash / Oki combustion chamber 11 disposed in the lower stage of the secondary combustion chamber 10 is configured to communicate with the combustion chamber 9 disposed in the upper stage of the secondary combustion chamber 10 via a communication cylinder 30 perpendicular to the combustion chamber 9.
[0038]
Further, an ash receiving container 32 is housed in the base B that supports the incineration processing apparatus 1 so that it can be pulled out. Ashes and oysters dropped through the communication tube 30 are burned and incinerated in the ash and oki combustion chamber 11. Then, the rotating blades 18 are discharged into the ash receiving container 32 by the rotation.
[0039]
Further, a water discharger 34 as a water discharge means passes through the outer cylinder 25 so as not to interfere with the rotary blade 16 inside the incineration cylinder 4, and the top plate C of the incineration cylinder 4 discharges water during abnormal overheating. A damper 35 is provided for releasing the internal gas that is boosted by rapid expansion by discharging water from the vessel 34.
[0040]
The damper 35 is provided with a chimney 31, and the chimney 31 is connected in communication with the chimney 33 of the induction fan 24.
[0041]
Next, the crusher will be described based on FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). The crushing device 12 is provided in the lower frame 36 on the outlet side of the hopper 2, and the keys K 1, respectively, are arranged on the two rotary drive shafts 37 a and 37 b arranged in parallel so as to cross the lower frame 36 of the hopper 2. A plurality of disk-shaped cutters 38 and 39 having cutting edges 38a and 39a formed on the outer periphery via K2 are fixed at predetermined intervals.
[0042]
The cutters 38 and 39 are formed with a gap between the cutters 38 and 39, and the opposed cutters 38 and 39 are inserted into the gaps so that the side surfaces of the cutters come into contact with each other. Yes.
[0043]
Further, scrapers 40 and 41 having cutting edges 40a and 41a formed at the tips are attached below the gaps formed between the cutters 38 and 39 via support shafts 42a and 42b. The cutting blades 40a and 41a are used to peel off the waste adhering to the outer periphery of the rotary drive shafts 37a and 37b.
[0044]
Next, a first embodiment of the waste incineration processing system of the present invention will be described. This incineration processing system utilizes the first embodiment of the incineration processing apparatus of the present invention. Accordingly, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same components, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0045]
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, disposal of garbage or the like containing a lot of moisture in the hopper 2 of the vertical incineration cylinder 4 of the incineration processing apparatus 1 employed in the incineration processing system for waste according to this embodiment. Material 3 is thrown in and temporarily stored.
[0046]
Here, when the motor M1 of the crushing device 12 which is crushing means is started, the waste 3 in the hopper 2 is taken into the crushing device 12 and is continuously crushed while repeating intermittent movement. The crushed waste 3 is quantitatively supplied into the drying chamber 7 which is the waste storage room at the uppermost stage of the incinerator 4 at a predetermined rotation speed set by the crushing device 12.
[0047]
The motor M1 of the crushing device 12 is driven and controlled by the control device, and the combustion state of the waste in the incinerator is constantly monitored, for example, by a frame eye (not shown) or a temperature sensor. Thus, when the incineration temperature in the furnace exceeds the set value, the steady operation is switched to the emergency operation mode, and the motor M1 controls the rotation speed to an appropriate number of rotations or ON / OFF.
[0048]
By doing so, since the inside of the incineration cylinder is constantly monitored, when the incineration temperature exceeds the set value, the steady operation is switched to the emergency operation mode, and the combustion chamber can be kept in a safe state. .
[0049]
Next, in the drying chamber 7, the waste 3 that has fallen on the bottom plate 6 preheated by the residual heat passes through the discharge port 5 of the bottom plate 6 and rotates on the bottom plate 6 in the lower drying chamber 8 by the rotation of the rotary blade 15. Fall into.
[0050]
In the lower drying chamber 8, when one rotation is made by the rotary blade 16 from the position where it is dropped as in the upper drying chamber 7, it falls into the lower combustion chamber 9 through the discharge port 5 of the bottom plate 6.
[0051]
The waste 3 that sequentially falls into the upper and lower drying chambers 7 and 8 is agitated in the process of being slowly rotated once by the rotary blades 15 and 16 in the drying chambers 7 and 8 heated by the remaining heat, and discarded. It is dried to such an extent that the moisture contained in the object 3 is evaporated and self-combusted.
[0052]
The waste that has fallen into the combustion chamber 9 can be easily burned and incinerated by the burner 19 while being agitated by the rotation of the rotor blades 17.
[0053]
In this way, the waste 3 is agitated while being rotated by the rotary blades 15, 16, and 17 in the respective chambers 7, 8, 9 in the incineration cylinder 4, and sequentially placed in the lower chambers through the discharge port 5 of the bottom plate 6. Since it falls and moves and passes through the combustion chamber 9 through the drying chambers 7 and 8, uniform combustion can be performed evenly.
[0054]
In addition, since the waste 3 such as raw garbage is supplied into the combustion chamber 9 under conditions that allow combustion, an optimal combustion state can always be obtained in the combustion chamber 9.
[0055]
Further, the secondary combustion chamber 10 disposed in the lower stage of the combustion chamber 9 is separated from the upper combustion chamber 9 and the lower ash and oki combustion chamber 11 by the bottom plate 6, and the secondary combustion chamber 10 is burnered. When heated by 20, the porous refractory material 33 in the secondary combustion chamber 10 becomes in a red hot state.
[0056]
Thus, since the gas generated in the combustion chamber 9 and the drying chambers 7 and 8 is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 10 and exhausted to the outside by the induction fan 24, the porous refractory material is used. By using 30, the radiant heat due to the red heat and the large surface area due to the porosity are utilized, and the oxidative decomposition effect of the exhaust gas can be kept high.
[0057]
Here, when the induction fan is activated, each of the compartments 26a and 26b that partition the inside of the outer cylinder and communicate with each other via the secondary combustion chamber 10 is in a negative pressure state with respect to the outside air. 8 and the gas in the combustion chamber 9 are attracted into the secondary combustion chamber 10 through the inlet 28a.
[0058]
Thus, since the inside is in a negative pressure state, it is possible to prevent leakage of smoke or odor generated from the waste stored in the incineration cylinder.
[0059]
Further, the gas oxidatively decomposed in the secondary combustion chamber 10 is sucked from the discharge port 28 b by the induction fan 24, passes through the compartment chamber 26 b in the outer cylinder 25, and is exhausted to the outside through the chimney 33.
[0060]
Thus, since the inside of the incinerator 4 is partitioned by one removable steel plate bottom plate, the incinerator 1 can be made into a compact and compact configuration, even in a place with a small installation space. It can be installed, and since it is small and compact, it can be heated to 500 ° C or higher in a short time of 15 to 20 minutes even if it is stopped for a long time (for example, one day and night). It can be heated up to 600 ° C to 800 ° C once it starts to burn.
[0061]
Further, by continuously supplying already dried waste by this temperature increase, it is possible to continue combustion in a high temperature region in which dioxins are hardly generated.
[0062]
Note that the number of rotor blades 15 and 16 in the drying chamber can be increased, and if the drying chamber is divided into 4 to 10 sections, the rotation of the rotor blades 15 and 16 can be performed even when moisture is not sufficiently evaporated. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the waste from becoming a dumpling-like lump larger than the discharge port 5 of the bottom plate 6.
[0063]
Further, the thickness of the waste deposited on the bottom plate 5 by the gap formed by the upper surface of the bottom plate 5 and the bottom side of the rotary blade 15 or 16 is deposited by a pear plate (not shown) that protrudes and is fixed inside. By making the thickness uniform, it is possible to obtain a constant moisture content and to dry efficiently.
[0064]
Next, the operation of the crushing means will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the crushing device 12 as the crushing means has two rotary drive shafts 37a and 37b set in advance when the motor M1 shown in FIG. 1 is started. Are rotated in the opposite directions (arrow directions) at the predetermined rotational speeds.
[0065]
As a result, the waste 3 accommodated in the hopper is quantitatively sent to the crushing device 12 in the lower frame 36 of the hopper 2 by the cutting blades 38a and 39a of the cutters 38 and 39 that are rotationally driven, and is contained in the waste. Hard wastes such as shells, fish bones, bird bones, and dried plum seeds are crushed, and the crushed waste is supplied into the drying chamber 7 at the top of the incineration cylinder 4 together with other soft wastes.
[0066]
Here, when the waste 3 including raw garbage passes through the crushing device 12, the waste adhering to the outer periphery of the two rotary drive shafts 37a and 37b is arranged in a pair on the lower stage of the two shafts. Are scraped off by the cutting edges 40a and 41a of the scrapers 40 and 41.
[0067]
In this way, hard things such as shells, fish bones, and dried plum seeds in raw garbage can be crushed, so these can be sufficiently dried and incinerated, and those wound around the rotating shafts 37a and 37b can be removed by a scraper. Since it is scraped off, the crushing device 12 is not blocked.
[0068]
Next, each experimental example will be described with reference to FIG. 4 with respect to the effect of the drying chamber provided by forming the inside of the incineration cylinder. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing time-series temperatures in the combustion chambers that change corresponding to the number of combustion chambers.
[0069]
(1) shown in FIG. 4 is Experimental Example 1, (2) is Experimental Example 2, and (3) is Experimental Example 3.
[0070]
Waste 3 such as raw garbage supplied as an example of this experiment is a sample comprising 52% leftover food, 5% fish bone, 11% bird bone, 18% disposable chopsticks, 3% plastic, 11% vegetable and others Using 30 kg uniformly mixed, the drying effect before incineration on the fixed amount feeding was examined.
[0071]
The crusher used here is set so that a feed capacity of 6 kg / H on average can be obtained by continuously operating intermittent operation of 5 seconds per minute as a constant feed operation and stopping for 55 seconds. Has been.
[0072]
Further, a propane gas burner of 2800 Kcal / H was used for each combustion chamber as a gas burner.
[0073]
(1) In Experimental Example 1, the two bottom plates 6 constituting the drying chambers 7 and 8 in the incineration cylinder 4 shown in FIG. 1 are removed, and the waste 3 crushed by the crushing device 12 is directly removed. The fuel was supplied into the combustion chamber 9.
[0074]
The rotary blades 17 used in the combustion chamber 9 are those in which two flat plates with a width of 50 mm are attached to the rotary shaft 14b so as to cross each other in a cross shape.
[0075]
When the waste was supplied for 30 minutes with the feed set by the crushing device 12, the drying could not catch up, the unburned residue remained, the outlet 5 was blocked, and combustion was not possible. During this period, the supply amount was 2.9 kg / H.
[0076]
Further, when 1 kg of waste was supplied for 10 minutes by the crushing device 12 and stopped for 20 minutes, and this was repeated three times, almost 3 kg of waste could be incinerated in 1.5 hours.
[0077]
In Experimental Example 2, it was found that the combustion residue discharged to the ash receiving container 32 was 291 g (9.7%), and there was much unburned residue left to be carbonized, which was insufficient combustion.
[0078]
In addition, the exhaust discharged from the attracting fan 24 had white smoke and odor that were remarkably poor in response to uneven combustion. The incineration amount was 2 kg / H with the burner turned on.
[0079]
(2) In Experimental Example 2, a drying chamber was provided by partitioning with the bottom plate 6 above the combustion chamber 9, and drying was performed before incineration. In this drying chamber, a rotating blade obtained by crossing two flat plates with a width of 7 mm in a cross shape was attached to the rotating shaft 14a.
[0080]
When waste crushed from the crushing device 12 is supplied to this drying chamber at the same feed rate as in Experimental Example 1, this becomes a large lump by the rotation of the rotary blade, and one side formed on the bottom plate 6 is a regular triangle having a side of 70 mm. The discharge port 5 is blocked.
[0081]
Therefore, by reducing the number of rotor blades to 8 and reducing the supply amount by the crushing device to 3 kg / H, which is 1/2 of the previous time, it was possible to treat waste even in only one stage of the drying chamber.
[0082]
The waste that is supplied about 100g from the supply port into the drying chamber is fixed to one end of a flat plate-shaped nut bar at the position of the upper surface of the bottom plate on the wall of the drying chamber in a partition partitioned by the rotating blades, and against the lower surface of the rotating blades. By disposing the blade parallel to the bottom plate so as to form a slight gap, the thickness of the waste can be adjusted to 7 mm on the bottom plate of the drying chamber when the rotary blade is rotated and the waste is stirred.
[0083]
During the rotation of the rotor blade, the waste in the drying chamber is heated and contracts, and falls into the combustion chamber 9 below the discharge port 5. When the water content was examined by taking this waste, the average was 69%, and the average water content of the waste when it was put into the hopper was 78%.
[0084]
(3) In Experimental Example 3, the drying chamber was divided into two stages, and rotating blades having the same structure as in Experimental Example 2 were attached, and the drying chamber was configured in the same structure as that shown in FIG. That is, the moisture content of the waste reduced to 69% in the uppermost drying chamber 7 is reduced to an average of 56% in the lower drying chamber 8, and the supply amount from the crushing apparatus is increased to 5 kg / H. I was able to.
[0085]
A summary of the above experimental examples 1 to 3 is summarized in the chart of FIG. When the waste 3 such as raw garbage with a lot of moisture is supplied into the drying chamber 7, the temperature rapidly decreases due to evaporation of moisture, and when there is no moisture, flammable gas is generated and the temperature rapidly increases.
[0086]
When the drying chamber is formed in two upper and lower stages, the waste is supplied from the upper stage to the lower combustion chamber 9 in a sufficiently dry state, so that the temperature drop is slight and the combustion temperature is stabilized at 460 ° C. to 500 ° C. Can be held.
[0087]
In the series of experimental examples 1 to 3, the waste used for the test was a lot of leftover food, and the packaging material and plastic products were few, so the combustion temperature was not so high.
[0088]
Here, the burner is controlled to be ignited at 380 ° C. or lower. However, in Experimental Example 2, the temperature exceeded 380 ° C. after 40 minutes, but dropped to 360 ° C. or lower and the burner was re-ignited several times. .
[0089]
In Experimental Example 3, the temperature exceeded 380 ° C. in 30 minutes, and no burner was used after that. In addition, there was the least amount of cinder (ash), which was 3.2%.
[0090]
Thus, as can be seen from the chart, it was considered that it was good that the sample was burned at a relatively high average temperature in Experimental Example 3. In this experimental example, the waste used is raw garbage with a lot of water, the calorific value of self-combustion is small, and there is almost no production of dioxin from the raw garbage, so this is sufficient as the combustion temperature.
[0091]
When plastics enter, the temperature rises due to self-combustion, and if necessary, the burner stopped at 380 ° C. in Experimental Example 3. By increasing this set temperature, it is possible to prevent the formation of dioxins. it can.
[0092]
Next, a second embodiment of the waste incineration apparatus according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the incineration apparatus. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component same as the component shown by the said embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0093]
In the figure, reference numeral 46 denotes a waste incineration processing apparatus, which crushes the waste 3 such as raw garbage temporarily stored in the hopper 2, dehydrates it, and then performs incineration processing. In addition, eight partition walls (hereinafter referred to as a grate 50) configured in a mesh shape made of, for example, a steel plate, which are substantially evenly disposed around a rotating shaft 49 that is driven to rotate at the center of the horizontally disposed incinerator 48. In this way, eight waste storage chambers are formed by dividing the inside of the incineration cylinder 48 in the radial direction.
[0094]
More specifically, the grate 50 is provided with a plurality of bar-like locking pieces 51a and 51b protruding perpendicularly to both the front and back surfaces. The locking pieces 51a and 51b are configured such that waste is contained in the waste storage chamber. When the grate 50 moves with the rotation of the grate 50, the reversing operation is started at the same time as the grate 50 exceeds the vertical position, and the falling waste is agitated.
[0095]
Further, the crushing means 12 is arranged on the outlet side of the hopper 2 above the incineration cylinder 48, and the preliminary drying that can communicate with the supply port 52 formed on one side portion of the incineration cylinder 48 is below the crushing device 12. A chamber 53 is arranged.
[0096]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, a four-blade feeder 54, which is an open / close means and capable of indexing rotation, is provided in front of the supply port 52 formed in the incineration cylinder 48 below the preliminary drying chamber 53. The blades of the feeder 54 are configured to be able to rotate synchronously at a predetermined ratio so as to correspond to the indexed grate 50.
[0097]
Further, the left area above the supply port 52 of the incineration cylinder 48 and passing through the center of the incineration cylinder 48 is configured as a drying chamber, and the right area passing through the center of the incineration cylinder 48 is the incineration cylinder 48. A primary combustion chamber is formed with the jet outlet of the gas burner 55 facing downward in the interior.
[0098]
An outer cylinder 58 is disposed outside the combustion chamber 48, and a circumferential gap formed between the inside of the outer cylinder 58 and the outer side of the incineration cylinder 48 is partitioned by partition walls 64a, 64b, and 64c. Compartment rooms 60, 61 and 62 are formed.
[0099]
An exhaust port 65 communicating with a compartment 62 configured as a primary combustion exhaust duct is formed in the upper side wall of the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 48, and the primary combustion exhaust duct 62 is on one side of the partition wall 64c (see FIG. 6). It communicates with a compartment 61 in which a lower secondary combustion exhaust duct, which will be described later, is formed through a communication port 66 opened at the end.
[0100]
Further, the secondary combustion chamber 61 is connected to the right side secondary combustion exhaust duct 60 shown in FIG. 5 through a communication port (not shown) provided at the end opposite to the communication port 66 in the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber 48. Communicating with
[0101]
That is, of the primary combustion exhaust duct 62 and the secondary combustion exhaust duct 60 arranged on both sides of the secondary combustion chamber 61 described above, the induction fan 24 is connected to the front end face of the right secondary combustion exhaust duct 60. ing.
[0102]
A discharge port 67 is provided below the supply port 52 formed on one side of the incineration cylinder 48, and an ash receiving container 68 is accommodated below the discharge port 67 so as to be drawn out.
[0103]
Next, a second embodiment of the waste incineration processing system will be described. In addition, about the same component as the component demonstrated in the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0104]
FIG. 7 is an explanatory sectional view showing a process in which waste is incinerated by the incinerator. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, 35 kg of waste such as garbage with an average water content of 78% is put into the hopper 2, and when the waste 3 is crushed by the crushing device 12, It is temporarily stored in the preliminary drying chamber 53 immediately below.
[0105]
In the preliminary drying chamber 53, the stored waste is slightly dried due to residual heat, and the waste is divided into eight parts in the incineration cylinder 48 by the feeder 54 via the supply port 52 by the feeder 54. One of them is supplied to the waste storage chamber of the C-1 region.
[0106]
Since the outer periphery of the preliminary drying chamber 53 is hermetically sealed, malodor generated from waste can be blocked.
[0107]
In addition, the feeder 54 circumscribed on the rotating outer periphery of the grate 50 can be arranged and configured such that the outer side of each blade faces the inner side of the grate 50.
[0108]
By configuring in this way, each blade of the feeder is locked to the grate 50 to be indexed for rotation and is indexed for rotation, so that the transmission means for synchronously driving the feeder to the grate 50 is eliminated. Can do.
[0109]
When the waste is supplied to the waste storage chamber, the waste is put on the grate 50 by the rotation of a motor (not shown) and dried by hot air from below in the process of slow rotation, and the moisture content is reduced to 40% or less. Thus, the flammable portion starts to self-combust, and the evaporated water vapor is attracted into the primary combustion exhaust duct 62 via the exhaust port 65 above the incineration cylinder 8.
[0110]
Regions C-4 to C-7 are regions in which the primary combustion chamber is formed. In this region, the waste in the waste storage chamber is reversed from the vertical position by the rotation of the grate 50, and the grate is caused by this inclination. 5 is slid down, but is locked by the locking piece 51b at this time, the falling speed becomes slow, and the lump of waste is loosened or reversed while being in contact with the locking piece 51b. Therefore, most of the waste is burned by the flame of the burner 55.
[0111]
Next, in the area C-8, an ash and oyster discharge port 67 is provided. The ash is separated into this discharge port 67 by a fixed grate (not shown) of ash drop and placed in the lower ash receiving container. Drop it.
[0112]
Further, the gas discharged from the exhaust port 65 is attracted into the primary combustion exhaust duct 62 in the outer cylinder 58 and flows into the secondary combustion chamber 61, and the gas burned in the secondary combustion chamber 61 is the next The combustion gas in the secondary combustion exhaust duct 60 is attracted by the induction fan 24 and exhausted to the outside through the chimney.
[0113]
Table 1 shows the data processed for 5 hours by the incinerators constituting the incineration processing system.
[0114]
[Table 1]

This is data when repeated three times, all starting from room temperature. The primary combustion burner 55 is turned off at 500 ° C. or higher and turned on at 480 ° C. or lower. The secondary combustion burner 56 is turned off at 400 ° C. or higher and turned on at 380 ° C. Both burners remained above the set temperature after 2 hours and remained OFF.
[0115]
When the fixed amount feeder turns once, it feeds about 1 kg of crushed garbage. A timer was set so that 1 kg was placed on each section, and the fixed amount feeder was operated.
[0116]
If the supply amount to one section is 1 kg, it becomes 8 kg. To process 6 kg per hour, it becomes 0.75 rotation / H, and if it rotates once in 80 minutes, 6 kg / H is processed.
[0117]
Further, the movement of the three sections of the drying regions C-1 to C-3 is 30 minutes, and the movement of the one section is 10 minutes. When the rotation speed of the grate 50 is rotated once in 8 minutes, it rotates in one section in 1 minute.
[0118]
In other words, the grate 50 may be stopped for 9 minutes and turned on and off for a total of 10 minutes by rotating for 1 minute. It becomes. The debris (ash) generated after the treatment for 5 hours was 4.6% to 6.2%.
[0119]
Furthermore, it takes 30 minutes to move through the three sections of the drying zone C-1 to C-3 after the waste is charged, and the moisture content at which partial ignition and self-combustion start can reach 40%. It was.
[0120]
After 2 hours, self-combustion becomes active, and in the primary incineration region C-5, the temperature exceeds 500 ° C., and after 4 hours, stable combustion continues at around 650 ° C., and the secondary exhaust discharged by the induction fan 24. Exhaust gas after incineration was good at 90-100 ° C. with no white smoke or odor.
[0121]
Moreover, this waste incinerator fits in the size of a household refrigerator with a width of 60 cm and a height of 110 cm, and can be handled in the same manner as a cooking utensil oven in terms of gas consumption, odor, and the like.
[0122]
Thus, as can be seen from the above, in the waste incineration processing system according to this embodiment, the waste 3 continuously supplied in a fixed quantity into the horizontal incineration cylinder 48 is evaporated by residual heat. Since it is dried to the extent of self-combustion, uniform combustion can be performed uniformly, and the dried waste 3 is continuously supplied in a constant amount to a waste storage room to be indexed in a high temperature region. Combustion can be continued and burned and incinerated by the burners 55 and 56 while being stirred in the course of one rotation of the waste storage chamber, so that the furnace temperature is prevented from lowering and dioxins are generated. Can be stably suppressed.
[0123]
Further, since the inside of the horizontal incineration cylinder 48 is partitioned in the radial direction by a plurality of partition walls 50 that are rotationally driven by the central shaft 49, a plurality of waste storage chambers are formed, so that the incineration cylinder 48 is small and compact. Since the waste 3 such as the garbage stored in the waste storage room is dried and incinerated during one rotation, the combustion efficiency is good and the uniform combustion without unevenness is performed. Can do.
[0124]
Furthermore, since a plurality of locking pieces 51a and 51b are projected on the front and back surfaces of the partition wall 50, the waste in the waste storage chamber can be uniformly stirred, and the combustion efficiency can be improved. it can.
[0125]
In addition, the waste accommodated inside the incineration cylinder 48 is rotated and incinerated, and the incinerated waste is discharged from the discharge port 67. The discharge port 67 has a predetermined size (not shown). If the mesh filter of this size is provided, the ash and oysters larger than this mesh will continue to rotate, and the residual heat of this residue will cause new raw material to be supplied from the supply port 52 of the incinerator 48. It is possible to promote the drying of waste including garbage.
[0126]
Next, a modified example of the locking piece attached to the partition partitioning the inside of the horizontal incineration cylinder 48 as the second embodiment according to the waste incineration processing apparatus will be described.
[0127]
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a state in which another type of locking piece is attached to a partition partitioning the incineration cylinder. Reference numerals 57a and 57b denote locking pieces. The locking pieces 57a and 57b are formed in a strip shape with a predetermined plate pressure, and are radially outer end portions on the front and back surfaces of the mesh-like partition wall 50 serving as a grate. From the rotation shaft 49 side so as to be horizontal or inclined with a predetermined spacing. Here, the locks 57a and 57b attached in an inclined state will be described.
[0128]
Further, these locking pieces 57a and 57b are arranged so as to protrude at a predetermined interval on at least the opposing surfaces of the adjacent partition walls 50 so as to incline horizontally or in the same direction with respect to the rotary shaft 49 side from the radially outer end. Has been.
[0129]
According to another form of the locking piece configured as described above, for example, one of the insides of the incineration cylinder 48 divided substantially equally by the eight partition walls 50 from the supply port 52 shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. Waste 3 is supplied to a waste storage chamber in a certain C-1 area.
[0130]
Therefore, when the partition wall 50 is slowly rotated, the waste 3 in the partitioned waste storage chamber is moved from the C-1 region to C-3 by this rotation, and when the partition wall 50 is in a vertical state by the rotation, the partition wall 50 is moved. The waste that has been placed and moved upward moves in the axial direction toward the rotating shaft 49 along the inclined surface of the locking piece 57b provided on the front side of the partition wall.
[0131]
Further, when the partition wall 50 rotates clockwise from the vertical position and moves from C-4 to C-5, the partition wall 50 is in a horizontal posture, and the waste on the partition wall 50 is incinerated by the flame of the burner 55 in the incineration chamber. In the process of moving, the debris that passed through the mesh falls into the waste storage chamber below.
[0132]
Next, when the partition wall 50 further rotates downward from the horizontal state and moves from C-6 to C-8, the waste inside is locked by the locking piece 57a on the back surface side of the partition wall and It moves in the axial direction toward the outer peripheral side of the opposite partition 50.
[0133]
In this way, the waste stored in each waste storage chamber as the incineration cylinder 48 rotates is moved while changing its direction in the axial direction along the inclination of each locking piece 57a, 57b. , It is dropped and is suitably stirred, so that it can move with the rotation of the incinerator 48 and burn efficiently.
[0134]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects.
[0135]
(A) According to the invention of claim 1, waste such as raw garbage supplied into the waste storage chamber is stirred in the process of moving in the incineration cylinder, while remaining heat obtained from the combustion and incineration means Since it is burned and incinerated after it has been sufficiently dried to self-combustion, it is possible to perform uniform combustion without unevenness and unburned residue. Since combustion can be continued in the region, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the furnace temperature and stably suppress the production of dioxins.
[0136]
(B) According to the invention of claim 2, a predetermined amount of waste stored in the hopper is supplied into the drying chamber of the incineration cylinder, and the remaining heat is stirred while the supplied waste moves. Since the water in the waste such as garbage is evaporated to the extent that it self-combusts, it can be uniformly burned uniformly, and the dry waste can be continuously supplied in a predetermined amount. Thus, the combustion can be continued in a high temperature region, and the waste is burned and incinerated by the combustion means while stirring, so that the temperature inside the furnace is prevented from being lowered and the production of dioxins can be stably suppressed. it can.
[0137]
(C) According to the invention of claim 3, since the waste continuously supplied in a predetermined amount in the horizontal incineration cylinder is dried to the extent that moisture is evaporated by the residual heat and self-combustes, it is evenly uniform. Combustion can be performed, and by continuously supplying a predetermined amount of dried waste sequentially to the waste storage room, combustion in a high temperature region can be continued, and the waste storage room Is burned and incinerated by the combustion means while being stirred in the course of one rotation, so that the temperature inside the furnace is prevented from being lowered and the production of dioxins can be stably suppressed.
[0138]
(D) According to the invention of claim 4, the exhaust gas discharged from the drying chamber is exhausted through the combustion chamber via the outer cylinder communicating with the drying chamber or the combustion chamber by the induction fan. Since not only residual heat but also exhaust heat can be used, the furnace temperature can be maintained at a high temperature, and the combustion efficiency can be improved.
[0139]
(E) According to the invention of claim 5, since waste such as garbage is supplied into the furnace under a combustible condition, an optimal combustion state can always be obtained in the furnace.
[0140]
(F) According to the invention of claim 6, since the combustion state of the waste is monitored, when the incineration temperature exceeds the set value, the steady operation is switched to the emergency operation mode, and the inside of the incinerator is safely It is possible to control to a different state.
[0141]
(G) According to the invention of claim 7, since the inside of the standing incineration cylinder is partitioned into a plurality of stages by a single bottom plate having a discharge port, waste storage chambers are formed above and below, respectively. A cylinder can be comprised compactly. Also, in each chamber in the incineration cylinder, the waste is rotated while being rotated by a rotary blade and sequentially moved to the lower chamber through the bottom plate discharge port so that it passes through the combustion chamber after passing through the drying chamber. Therefore, uniform combustion can be performed evenly.
[0142]
(H) According to the invention of claim 8, since the inside of the horizontally disposed incineration cylinder is partitioned in a radial direction by a plurality of partition walls that are rotationally driven by the central axis, a plurality of waste storage chambers are formed. The incinerator can be made compact and compact, and waste such as garbage stored in the waste storage room is dried and incinerated during one revolution, so the combustion efficiency is good and uniform with no unevenness Combustion can be performed.
[0143]
(I) According to the invention of claim 9, the gas generated in the combustion chamber and each drying chamber is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber and exhausted to the outside by the induction fan. By using the material, the oxidative decomposition effect of the exhaust gas can be kept high by utilizing the radiant heat by the red heat and the large surface area by the porosity.
[0144]
(J) According to the invention of claim 10, since the plurality of locking pieces protrude from the front and back surfaces of the partition wall, the waste in the waste storage chamber can be uniformly stirred, and the combustion efficiency Can be improved.
[0145]
(K) According to the invention of claim 11, the waste locked to the locking piece inclined by the rotation of the partition wall moves slowly in the direction of the rotation axis along with the rotation of the partition wall, and the inclination angle of the locking piece. Since the slope is reversed at the vertical position, the direction of movement of the waste accompanying the rotation is reversed, so that the waste can move with the rotation and burn efficiently.
[0146]
(L) According to the invention of claim 12, the adjacent surfaces of the partition walls are protruded and arranged at a predetermined interval so as to incline in the same direction from the radially outer end toward the rotating shaft. Therefore, since the waste accommodated in the areas in the partition walls adjacent to each other moves in the same direction as the partition wall rotates, it can be burned efficiently.
[0147]
(M) According to the invention of claim 13, since hard things such as shells, fish bones, and dried plum seeds in raw garbage can be crushed, these can be sufficiently dried and incinerated, and wound around the rotating shaft. Since the scrap is scraped off by the scraper, the crushing device is not blocked.
[0148]
(N) According to the invention of claim 14, when the internal pressure is increased by discharging cooling water at an abnormally high temperature, the exhaust damper opens and safety is ensured.
[0149]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a waste incineration apparatus according to the present invention.
2A is a plan sectional view of the crushing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the incineration processing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the incineration cylinder according to the first embodiment of the incineration processing apparatus of the present invention.
4A is an experimental example 1, FIG. 4B is an experimental example 2, and FIG. 4C is an experimental example 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the waste incineration apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the incineration processing apparatus.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a process in which waste is incinerated by the incinerator.
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a state in which another type of locking piece is attached to a partition partitioning the inside of the incineration cylinder.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Waste incineration equipment
2 Hopper
3 Waste
4 incinerators
5 outlet
6 Bottom plate
7, 8 Drying room (waste storage room)
9 Combustion chamber
10 Secondary combustion chamber (waste storage room)
11 Ash, Oki combustion chamber (waste storage room)
12 Crusher
13 Discharge port
14a, 14b Rotating shaft
15, 16 Rotor blade
17, 18 Rotary wing
19, 20 Gas burner
24 attract fans
25 outer cylinder
26a, 26b compartment
28 compartments
28a inlet
28b outlet
30 continuous tube
32 Ash receiving container
33 Chimney
34 Water discharger
35 damper
36 Bottom frame
37a, 37b Rotation drive shaft
38, 39 Cutter
38a, 39a Cutting edge
40, 41 scraper
40a, 41a Cutting edge
46 Waste incineration equipment
48 Incinerator
49 Rotating shaft
50 grate (partition)
51a, 51b Locking piece
52 Supply port
53 Predrying room
54 Feeder
55, 56 Gas burner
57a, 57b Locking piece
58 outer cylinder
60 Secondary combustion exhaust duct (compartment room)
61 Secondary combustion chamber (compartment room)
62 Primary combustion exhaust duct (compartment room)
64a, 64b partition
64c partition
65 Exhaust port
66 Communication port
67 Discharge port
68 Ash receiving container
C Top plate
C1 supply port
M1, M2 motor
K1, K2 key

Claims (2)

A part of the interior of the incinerator cylinder is vertically divided by a bottom plate having a discharge port to form a waste storage room consisting of a drying chamber and a combustion chamber in the vertical direction, and stored in a hopper above the incinerator cylinder. The waste such as raw garbage is supplied to the drying chamber under the hopper, and the waste supplied to the drying chamber is dried by residual heat while stirring in the process of moving, and then the combustion chamber under the drying chamber A waste formed in the cylinder is burned and incinerated by combustion means while being agitated, an outer cylinder is disposed outside the standing incinerator cylinder, and a circle formed between the inside of the outer cylinder and the outside of the incinerator cylinder The circumferential gap is divided into two, the gas in each of the drying chambers is exhausted into one of the compartments, and the combustion gas that flows into the combustion chamber and burns is exhausted from the other compartment. Waste incineration processing system characterized by that. A part of the interior of the incinerator cylinder is partitioned by a bottom plate having a discharge port to form a waste storage chamber consisting of a drying chamber and a combustion chamber above and below, and a crushing device is arranged on the hopper outlet side above the incinerator cylinder Then, the discharge port of the crushing device is communicated with the uppermost waste storage chamber in the incineration cylinder, a combustion chamber having a combustion device is formed in the lower stage of the drying chamber, and combustion is performed in the lower stage of the combustion chamber in the incineration cylinder A secondary combustion chamber provided with a device is arranged, an outer cylinder is arranged outside the incineration cylinder, and two circumferential gaps are formed between the inside of the outer cylinder and the outside of the incineration cylinder. One of the compartments separates the drying chamber and the combustion chamber from the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber, and an induction fan is provided above the other compartment to provide an outlet for the secondary combustion chamber. It communicates with the other compartment and is discharged from the upper combustion chamber and the drying chamber of the secondary combustion chamber. Incinerator waste, characterized in that so as to exhaust to the outside after the gas was allowed to burn in the secondary combustion chamber that.

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