JP3942405B2 - Three-fluid heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-fluid heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, and between the first fluid and a third fluid.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a burner device that burns fuel with combustion air and discharges combustion exhaust gas, the heat efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas may be improved by recovering the heat of the combustion exhaust gas with combustion air or the like.
In particular, when the fuel is a gaseous fuel such as natural gas, the heat efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas can be further improved by recovering the heat of the combustion exhaust gas using both the combustion air and the fuel. .
[0003]
On the other hand, there is known a hydrogen-containing gas generating device that steam-reforms a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas to generate a hydrogen-containing gas supplied to a fuel cell. A reforming unit that performs steam reforming may be provided with a heating burner device.
And from the burner apparatus which needs to heat a reforming process part to comparatively high temperature in this way, high-temperature combustion exhaust gas more than the temperature of a reforming process part is discharged | emitted. Therefore, in particular, in such a burner apparatus for heating the reforming unit, it is desired to improve the thermal efficiency by recovering the heat of the combustion exhaust gas with the fuel and the combustion air.
[0004]
And in order to collect | recover the heat | fever of combustion exhaust gas in both fuel and combustion air in this way, the heat exchanger for fuel which performs heat exchange with combustion exhaust gas and fuel, the heat of combustion exhaust gas and combustion air An air heat exchanger for exchanging is provided in parallel with the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when two heat exchangers are arranged in parallel in the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas, downsizing of the burner device or the like is hindered, resulting in high costs.
Accordingly, in view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to realize a three-fluid heat exchanger that can be easily downsized with a simple configuration.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[Configuration 1]
As described in claim 1, the three-fluid heat exchanger according to the present invention performs heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid and between the first fluid and the third fluid. A heat exchanger for three fluids, wherein a plurality of first plate members and second and third plate members arranged on both outer sides thereof are arranged between the plate members adjacent to each other at the outer peripheral portions of the plate members. A plurality of the first flow paths through which the first fluid flows are brought into contact with each other between the first plate members adjacent to each other by bringing the partition portions protruding from both first plate members into contact with each other. The partition part formed between each of the first plate members and the second flow path through which the second fluid flows is brought into contact with the partition portion of the first plate member by contacting the partition part formed on the second plate member. It is formed between the second plate and the first plate, the third flow path and the third fluid flows The partition portion formed to project the third plate member by contacting to the partition portion of said first plate member, characterized in that it is formed between the third plate and the first plate member.
[0007]
[Function and effect]
According to the three-fluid heat exchanger of this configuration, four or more plate materials formed in a dish shape by press molding or the like are joined to each other by seam welding or the like while forming a flow path between adjacent ones. By overlapping, the first flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path can have a structure having the same shape in plan view in the overlapping direction of the respective plate members. That is, since the first flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path having the same shape of the path are formed adjacent to each other through the first plate member, the heat transfer length and heat transfer Since an area can be earned, heat exchange between the first fluid, the second fluid, and the third fluid can be promoted. In addition, four or more plates formed in a dish shape by press molding or the like are joined and overlapped by seam welding or the like while forming a flow path between adjacent ones, so that a plate heat exchanger Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and thickness with a simple configuration.
[0008]
Furthermore, among the four or more plate members which are Ju設to each other physician, in the flat of the first flow path formed between the plurality of first plate member in the middle, a such as a combustion gas for supplying heat 1 fluid flows and is formed inside the second plate (that is, on the first plate side) by sandwiching the outside of the plurality of first plates that are stacked between the two second and third plates. A second fluid such as one of heat-receiving fuel and combustion air flows through the flat second flow path, and is further formed inside the third plate (that is, the first plate). A second fluid such as the other of the heat receiving fuel and the combustion air flows through the third flow path. Each of the second fluid and the third fluid has a heat transfer surface that is substantially the entire area of the first plate member with respect to the first fluid, and the heat transfer area per unit capacity of each flow path is relatively large. Since the heat exchange can be performed satisfactorily, a three-fluid heat exchanger capable of simultaneously exchanging heat between the first fluid and the second fluid and between the first fluid and the third fluid is provided. Can be realized.
[0009]
[Configuration 2]
Third-rate-body heat exchanger according to the present invention, as set forth in claim 2, in addition to the configuration of the heat exchanger for three-fluid of the structure 1, the flow direction of the first fluid before Symbol first flow path Is a direction opposite to the flow direction of the second fluid in the second flow path and the flow direction of the third fluid in the third flow path.
[0010]
[Function and effect]
According to the three-fluid heat exchanger of this configuration , the first fluid flows in the flow direction of the second fluid and the third fluid, so that the first fluid just before flowing through the first flow path is discharged. The heat of the fluid can be sufficiently recovered by the second fluid and the third fluid immediately after being supplied to the second flow path and the third flow path, and heat exchange between both fluids can be promoted.
[0011]
[Configuration 3]
As described in claim 3, the three-fluid heat exchanger according to the present invention performs heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid and between the first fluid and the third fluid. A heat exchanger for three fluids, wherein a plurality of first plate members and second and third plate members arranged on both outer sides thereof are arranged between the plate members adjacent to each other at the outer peripheral portions of the plate members. A first channel that is joined and overlapped and through which the first fluid flows is formed between each of the plurality of first plate members, and a second channel through which the second fluid flows is the first channel. A third flow path formed between the plate material and the second plate material and through which the third fluid flows is formed between the first plate material and the third plate material, and the first flow path and the The two flow paths and the third flow path have the same shape in plan view in the overlapping direction of the plate members, and the first flow path The flow direction of the first fluid is set in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the second fluid in the second flow channel and the flow direction of the third fluid in the third flow channel, The meandering path formed by joining the partition formed by projecting the plate material on at least one side between the plate members adjacent to each other to the plate material on the other side, between the plate materials adjacent to each other. It is characterized by a path .
[0012]
[Function and effect]
The first flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path have the same shape in plan view in the overlapping direction of the respective plate members, that is, the first flow path having the same shape. Since the flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path are formed adjacent to each other via the first plate member, the heat transfer length and the heat transfer area can be increased, so the first fluid And heat exchange between the second fluid and the third fluid can be promoted. In addition, four or more plates formed in a dish shape by press molding or the like are joined and overlapped by seam welding or the like while forming a flow path between adjacent ones, so that a plate heat exchanger Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and thickness with a simple configuration.
[0013]
In addition, since the first fluid flows in the flow direction of the second fluid and the third fluid, the heat of the first fluid immediately before flowing through the first flow path is discharged to the second flow path and the second fluid. The second fluid and the third fluid immediately after being supplied to the three flow paths can be sufficiently recovered, and heat exchange between both fluids can be promoted .
[0014]
Further, a first fluid such as combustion exhaust gas for heating is provided in a flat first flow path formed between a plurality of first plate members in the middle of four or more plate members stacked on each other. And the flat formed on the inner side of the second plate (that is, the first plate side) by sandwiching the outer sides of the plurality of first stacked plates between the two second and third plates. The second fluid such as one of the heat receiving fuel and the combustion air flows through the second flow path, and is formed into a flat shape formed inside the third plate (that is, on the first plate side). The second fluid such as the other of the heat receiving fuel and the combustion air flows through the third flow path. Each of the second fluid and the third fluid has a heat transfer surface that is substantially the entire area of the first plate member with respect to the first fluid, and the heat transfer area per unit capacity of each flow path is relatively large. Since the heat exchange can be performed satisfactorily, a three-fluid heat exchanger capable of simultaneously exchanging heat between the first fluid and the second fluid and between the first fluid and the third fluid is provided. Can be realized.
[0015]
Further, the first flow path and second flow path and the third flow passage, by a partition portion joined by seam welding or the like between the plate members each, than you a serpentine path, the first flow path and the second The heat transfer length and the heat transfer area are earned between the flow path and between the first flow path and the third flow path, and heat exchange between the second fluid and the third flow path with respect to the first fluid is achieved. Promotion can be aimed at.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a hydrogen-containing gas generation device for a fuel cell will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen-containing gas generator P includes a desulfurization treatment unit 1 that desulfurizes a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas such as natural gas to be supplied, and a raw material water that is supplied to heat and supply steam. Steam generated by the steam generation unit S and the desulfurization raw fuel gas supplied from the desulfurization processing unit 1 after being heated by the steam generation unit S to be generated and the combustion unit 4 as the combustion type reforming unit heating means The reforming processing unit 3 for reforming the gas containing hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas using the gas, and the carbon monoxide gas in the reforming processing gas supplied from the reforming processing unit 3 using water vapor. A shift treatment section 5 for performing a shift treatment by converting to carbon gas, and a selective oxidation treatment section 6 for performing a selective oxidation process by selectively oxidizing a carbon monoxide gas in the shift treatment gas supplied from the shift treatment section 5; Operation of hydrogen-containing gas generator And configured to include a Gosuru controller (not shown), low carbon monoxide gas concentration (e.g., 10ppm or less) is arranged to produce a hydrogen-rich hydrogen-containing gas.
[0017]
In the desulfurization processing unit 1, for example, a sulfur compound in the raw fuel gas is hydrogenated by a desulfurization catalyst at a desulfurization processing temperature in the range of 150 to 300 ° C., and the hydride is adsorbed by zinc oxide and desulfurized. . Incidentally, the desulfurization reaction in the desulfurization processing unit 1 is an exothermic reaction. The desulfurization processing unit 1 is filled with a large number of granular molded bodies of hydrodesulfurization catalysts such as nickel-molybdenum and chromium-molybdenum.
[0018]
In the reforming processing unit 3, when the natural gas mainly composed of methane gas is the raw fuel gas, the reforming process is performed in a range of 600 to 700 ° C., for example, by the catalytic action of a reforming catalyst such as ruthenium, nickel, or platinum. Under the quality treatment temperature, methane gas and water vapor undergo a reforming reaction according to the following reaction formula [Chemical Formula 1], and are reformed into a gas containing hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas. Incidentally, the reforming reaction in the reforming processing unit 3 is an endothermic reaction. The reforming catalyst is held in a ceramic porous granule, and the reforming unit 3 is filled with a large number of the porous granule.
[0019]
[Chemical 1]
CH ₄ + H ₂ O → CO + 3H ₂
[0020]
In the shift treatment section 5, the carbon monoxide gas and the water vapor in the reformed treatment gas are subjected to a catalysis of a shift catalyst of iron oxide or copper zinc, for example, under a shift treatment temperature in the range of 150 to 300 ° C. Then, the carbon monoxide gas is converted to carbon dioxide gas through a conversion reaction according to the following reaction formula [Chemical Formula 2]. Incidentally, the modification reaction in the modification processing unit 5 is an exothermic reaction. The modification processing unit 5 is filled with a large number of granular molded bodies.
[0021]
[Chemical 2]
CO + H ₂ O → CO ₂ + H ₂
[0022]
In the selective oxidation treatment unit 6, it remains in the shift treatment gas under the selective oxidation treatment temperature in the range of 80 to 120 ° C., for example, by the catalytic action of a noble metal type selective oxidation catalyst such as platinum, ruthenium, rhodium or the like. The carbon monoxide gas present is selectively oxidized. Incidentally, the oxidation reaction in the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 is an exothermic reaction. The selective oxidation catalyst is held in a ceramic porous granule, and the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 is filled with many of the porous granules.
[0023]
And the hydrogen containing gas produced | generated with the hydrogen containing gas production | generation apparatus is supplied to the fuel cell G as fuel gas. Although detailed description is omitted, the fuel cell G is a solid polymer type having a polymer membrane as an electrolyte, hydrogen in the fuel gas supplied from the hydrogen-containing gas generator P, and a blower (not shown). Power is generated by an electrochemical reaction with oxygen in the reaction air supplied from.
[0024]
The combustion unit 4 burns off gas discharged from the fuel cell G as fuel gas F, and heats the reforming processing unit 3 so that it can be reformed. Etc.)
Further, combustion air A for burning the fuel gas F is supplied to the combustion unit 4. And from the combustion part 4, the high temperature combustion exhaust gas E more than the reforming process temperature is discharged | emitted.
Moreover, the water vapor generation unit S is configured to heat water with such combustion exhaust gas E to generate water vapor.
[0025]
Further, the hydrogen-containing gas generation device P collects the heat of the combustion exhaust gas E discharged from the steam generation unit S at least at the steam temperature by the fuel gas F and the combustion air A supplied to the combustion unit 4. A three-fluid heat exchanger 10 for improving thermal efficiency is provided, and the detailed structure of the three-fluid heat exchanger 10 will be described below.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the three-fluid heat exchanger 10 includes four plate members 14 and 15, which are stainless steel plate members having a thickness of 0.5 mm, formed in a dish shape by press molding or the like. It is configured as a plate-type heat exchanger by superimposing while forming the flow paths 11, 12, 13 between adjacent ones, and joining the outer peripheral portions 17 of the respective plate members 14, 15 by seam welding or the like. And it is thin.
[0027]
In the three-fluid heat exchanger 10, the flat first flow path 11 formed between the two first plate members 14 in the middle of the four plate members 14 and 15 stacked on each other includes: Combustion exhaust gas E for heat supply (an example of a first fluid) flows, and the second plate member is sandwiched between the two second plate members 15 and the third plate member 16 by sandwiching the outside of the two first plate members 14 overlaid. 15, heat-receiving combustion air A (an example of a second fluid) flows through the flat second flow path 12 formed inside the flat plate 15, and the flat plate formed inside the third plate member 16. In the third flow path 13, a heat receiving fuel gas F (an example of a third fluid) flows, and between the combustion exhaust gas E and the fuel gas F and between the combustion exhaust gas E and the combustion air A. Heat exchange can be carried out simultaneously in each of the intervals.
[0028]
Further, in the three-fluid heat exchanger 10, the first flow path 11, the second flow path 12, and the third flow path 13 are overlapped with each other, as shown in FIG. It is formed as having a meandering path of the same shape in plan view from the direction, and the flow direction of the combustion exhaust gas E is opposite to the flow direction of the fuel gas F and the combustion air A. Immediately after the heat transfer length and the heat transfer area are earned, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas E immediately before being discharged through the first flow path 11 is supplied to the second flow path 12 and the third flow path 13. The fuel gas F and the combustion air A can be sufficiently recovered by the relatively low temperature, and the heat exchange between the combustion exhaust gas E and the fuel gas F and the combustion air A is promoted.
[0029]
That is, the path of the first flow path 11 is formed in a serpentine path between the first plate members 14 adjacent to each other by bringing the partition portions 18 formed to protrude from the first plate members 14 into contact with each other. Further, by bringing the second flow channel 12 and the third flow channel 13 into contact with the partition portion 18 of the first plate material 14, the partition portion 18 formed to protrude from the second plate material 15 and the third plate material 16, respectively, It is formed in a meandering path having the same shape as the first flow path 11. And the partition part 18 joined mutually in this way is joined between the board | plate materials which adjoin by seam welding.
[0030]
The second plate member 15 has an inflow portion 12i for allowing the combustion air A to flow into the second flow path 12 and an outflow portion 12o for allowing the combustion air A to flow out of the second flow path 12 by drawing. The pipe material which forms the flow path of the combustion air A is each joined to the inflow part 12i and the outflow part 12o.
In addition, an inflow portion 13i for allowing the fuel gas F to flow into the third flow path 13 and an outflow portion 13o for allowing the fuel gas F to flow out of the third flow path 13 are also drawn into the third plate member 16 by drawing. The pipe material which forms the flow path of the fuel gas F is joined to the inflow part 13i and the outflow part 13o, respectively.
[0031]
Further, the first plate member 14 has an inflow portion 11i for allowing the combustion exhaust gas E to flow into the first flow path 11 and an outflow portion 11o for allowing the combustion exhaust gas E to flow out from the first flow path 11. By processing, it is formed in a tubular shape that penetrates the third plate member 16, and pipe materials that form a flow path of the combustion exhaust gas E are joined to the inflow portion 11i and the outflow portion 11o, respectively.
[0032]
In addition, the hydrogen-containing gas generator P is supplied to the reforming unit 3 by exchanging heat between the desulfurized raw fuel gas from the desulfurizing unit 1 and the high-temperature reforming gas from the reforming unit 3. The desulfurized raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ep for preheating the desulfurized raw fuel gas, the high-temperature reformed processing gas from the reforming processing unit 3 and the raw fuel gas supplied to the desulfurizing processing unit 1 are heat-exchanged to produce a raw material. A raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea for preheating the fuel gas is provided.
In addition, a heat exchanger 17 for preheating the raw water is provided to preheat the raw water by exchanging heat between the shift gas discharged from the shift treatment section 5 and the raw water supplied to the steam generation section S.
[0033]
There are provided a desulfurization processing section heater 32 for heating the desulfurization processing section 1 so that it can be desulfurized at the time of start-up, and two shift processing section heaters 33 for heating the conversion processing section so that it can be subjected to a modification process. The heaters 32 and 33 are electric heaters.
[0034]
Further, a desulfurization treatment temperature sensor T1 for detecting the temperature of the desulfurization treatment unit 1, a reforming treatment temperature sensor T3 for detecting the temperature of the reforming treatment unit 3, and a selective oxidation treatment temperature for detecting the temperature of the selective oxidation treatment unit 6. A sensor T5 is provided.
[0035]
The desulfurization processing section heater 32 is adjusted in heating capacity so that the desulfurization processing temperature detected by the desulfurization processing temperature sensor T1 is maintained at the above-mentioned appropriate temperature. The heating capability is adjusted so that the transformation temperature detected by the temperature sensor T5 is maintained at the appropriate temperature. Further, the heating capacity of the combustion unit 4, that is, the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion unit 4 is adjusted so that the reforming process temperature detected by the reforming process temperature sensor T3 is maintained at the appropriate temperature. .
In addition, the selective oxidation treatment unit 6 is cooled by a cooling fan or the like so as to maintain an appropriate temperature.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen-containing gas generating device. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a three-fluid heat exchanger. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a three-fluid heat exchanger.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Desulfurization process part 3 Reformation process part 4 Modification process part Heating means 5 Transformation process part 6 Selective oxidation process part 10 Three-fluid heat exchanger 11 1st flow path 12 2nd flow path 13 3rd flow path 14 1st Plate material 15 Second plate material 16 Third plate material 17 Outer peripheral portion 18 Partition portion S Water vapor generating portion G Fuel cell

Claims (5)

A three-fluid heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid and between the first fluid and the third fluid,
A plurality of first plate members, and a second plate member and a third plate member arranged on both outer sides thereof are joined by overlapping the outer peripheral portions of the respective plate members between the adjacent plate members,
The first flow path through which the first fluid circulates between the first plate members adjacent to each other, by bringing the partitioning portions formed on both first plate members into contact with each other, thereby allowing each of the plurality of first plate members to contact each other . Formed between,
The second flow path through which the second fluid circulates causes the partition portion formed to protrude from the second plate member to contact the partition portion of the first plate member , thereby allowing the first plate member and the second plate member to contact each other. Formed between,
The third flow path through which the third fluid circulates causes the partition portion formed to protrude from the third plate material to contact the partition portion of the first plate material , whereby the first plate material and the third plate material. A three-fluid heat exchanger characterized by being formed in between. Flowing direction of the first fluid before Symbol first flow path is set to a direction opposite to the flow direction of the third fluid in the flow direction and the third channel of the second fluid in the second flow path The three-fluid heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is a three-fluid heat exchanger. A three-fluid heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid and between the first fluid and the third fluid,
A plurality of first plate members, and a second plate member and a third plate member arranged on both outer sides thereof are joined by overlapping the outer peripheral portions of the respective plate members between the adjacent plate members,
A first flow path through which the first fluid flows is formed between each of the plurality of first plate members;
A second flow path through which the second fluid flows is formed between the first plate and the second plate;
A third flow path through which the third fluid flows is formed between the first plate member and the third plate member;
The first flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path have a path of the same shape in plan view in the overlapping direction of the plate members,
The flow direction of the first fluid in the first flow path is set in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the second fluid in the second flow path and the flow direction of the third fluid in the third flow path,
The path of the first flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path joins the partition portion formed to protrude from at least one of the plate materials between the adjacent plate materials to the other plate material. A three-fluid heat exchanger, wherein the three-fluid heat exchanger is formed in a meandering path . A burner device that burns fuel with combustion air in a combustion section,
The three-fluid heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion unit is the first fluid, and the fuel supplied to the combustion unit and the combustion A burner device comprising air as the second fluid and the third fluid.   A reforming processing unit is provided which is heated by the burner device according to claim 4 and reforms the hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas into water-containing gas supplied to the fuel cell with water vapor. Hydrogen-containing gas generator.

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