JP3938308B2 - Programmable logic device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a programmable logic device, and in particular to arbitrarily set a logic state.RegulationNon-volatile ferroelectric memory is used as a configuration memory for storing information (hereinafter referred to as configuration information) for performing a single LSI (Large-Scale Integration) as well as a single LSI. The present invention relates to a programmable logic device that can be used as a single programmable logic block mounted on the PC.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A programmable logic device has, as its basic components, a memory or multiplexer or basic gate called a lookup table, a logic block composed of flip-flops, programmable wiring that can define internal wiring, and input. It has a programmable I / O (Input / Output) block that regulates the output state, and further controls the logic operation of the logic block, the wiring of the programmable wiring, and the input / output state of the programmable I / O block.RegulationA configuration memory for storing configuration information to be stored.
[0003]
Generally, there are the following three categories of programmable logic devices.
First, after having a memory and multiplexer called a lookup table, or a logic block composed of basic gates and flip-flops, a programmable wiring, and a programmable I / O block, and the power is cut off Configuration information is lost.
[0004]
Second, after having a memory and multiplexer called a look-up table, or a logic block composed of basic gates and flip-flops, a programmable wiring, and a programmable I / O block, the power is cut off. Configuration information is not lost.
[0005]
The third type has a logic block based on a programmable logic array, and configuration information is not lost after the power is turned off.
Here, as a programmable logic device belonging to the first category, an example in which an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) type memory is used as a configuration memory is known (US Pat. No. 4,642,487).
[0006]
In the programmable logic device using the SRAM type memory cell, the configuration information stored in the SRAM type memory cell is lost when the power is turned off. Therefore, the configuration information is stored even after the power is turned off. It is necessary to store configuration information in a non-volatile memory that can be used. Therefore, in programmable logic devices using SRAM type memory cells, the operation of the programmable logic devices can be performed even after the power is turned off.RegulationIn order to store configuration information to be stored, a non-volatile memory such as PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) or EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is installed outside the device, and power is applied. In this case, the configuration information is read from these PROM and EPROM.
[0007]
Programmable logic devices belonging to the second category have been proposed in response to the fact that the configuration information of programmable logic devices disappears when the power supply voltage is interrupted. In this programmable logic device, configuration information is stored in a nonvolatile memory such as a ferroelectric memory or an MRAM (Magnetic Random Access Memory). Here, as an example, a programmable logic device using a ferroelectric memory is known (Japanese Patent No. 3121862). Ferroelectric memory is a programmable logic device because it can achieve high speeds that cannot be achieved with non-volatile memories that require high voltage transistors such as PROM, EPROM, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), and flash memory. Is a particularly desirable technique.
[0008]
As the programmable logic device belonging to the third category, the configuration memory is the same nonvolatile as the programmable logic device belonging to the second category, but EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory are used as the configuration memory. Programmable logic devices belonging to this third category are described in detail in, for example, Stephen D. Brown et al., “Field Programmable Gate Arrays,” [Kluwar Academic Publishers], CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device). Is distinguished from programmable logic devices belonging to the second category. The reason why EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory are not used for programmable logic devices belonging to the second category is that high speed cannot be obtained.
[0009]
The present invention is directed to programmable logic devices belonging to the first and second categories, and these are generally collectively referred to as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
[0010]
The disadvantage of the conventional FPGA is that the number of logic gates obtained per unit area is small. In order to compensate for this drawback, an architecture capable of storing a plurality of configuration information has been studied, and this is called DPGA (Dynamically Programmable Gate Array) to distinguish it from FPGA (A. DeHon, “Dynamically Programmable”). Gate Arrays: A Step Toward Increased Computational Density, ”Fourth Canadian Workshop of Field-Programmable Devices, 1996). In this DPGA, a DRAM (Dynamic Random-Access Memory) is adopted as a configuration memory. Therefore, in this DPGA, the configuration information is erased together with the interruption of the power supply voltage, so that the programmable belonging to the first category. It is a logical device. In this DPGA, a small number of logic gates can be apparently increased by switching and using a plurality of pieces of configuration information. However, the above DPGA literature does not describe a method for switching each configuration information. .
[0011]
In the programmable logic device, if configuration information is not set when the power is turned on, a wiring that should not be connected may be connected. At this time, if the wiring is driven to different logic states by different drivers, the voltage on the wiring becomes unstable (wiring signal conflict), which may cause a large current consumption. As a countermeasure against this, a method of disabling the logic block output driver before turning on the power supply and writing the configuration information is used (P. Chow et al., IEEE Transaction on Very Large Scale Integration Systems, vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 321-330, September 1999).
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional programmable logic device has the following problems.
[0013]
First, in the conventional programmable logic device, the number of logic gates per unit area is small, and the configuration information is lost when the power is turned off. For this reason, in order to use a programmable logic device, at least two chips of a programmable logic device and a non-volatile memory are required, which causes a problem of an increase in cost due to an increase in the number of devices and an increase in board area.
[0014]
In the programmable logic device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3121862 which uses a ferroelectric memory as a configuration memory, the data recall of the ferroelectric memory at the time of power-on and the data store at the time of power-off cannot be performed normally. There is a possibility that configuration information stored in a nonvolatile memory may be destroyed.
[0015]
Furthermore, before the configuration information is loaded, the data in the configuration memory is an indefinite value, so that a conflict of wiring signals may occur and the circuit operation may become unstable.
[0016]
Normally, the operation starts after the configuration information is written in the configuration memory. However, it takes time to write the configuration information, and it is desired to shorten the time for writing the configuration information.
[0017]
Furthermore, since no measures have been taken with respect to security points in conventional programmable logic devices, configuration information can be stolen or rewritten, so it is desirable to prevent unauthorized use by unauthorized persons. ing.
[0018]
The present invention has been made in view of such points, and the number of logic gates per unit area is small, and the configuration information is not lost when the power is turned off. In programmable logic devices that use body memory, the data in the configuration memory will not be destroyed when the power is turned on or off, the circuit operation will not become unstable before the configuration information is loaded, It is an object of the present invention to provide a programmable logic device that can prevent the writing of configuration information from taking time and prevent theft or rewriting of configuration information in the programmable logic device or unauthorized use of unauthorized information.
[0019]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of the present invention that achieves the above object.
The programmable logic device according to the present invention includes a logic block 1 capable of realizing various logic functions, a programmable wiring 2 capable of changing a connection state, a programmable I / O block 3 capable of changing an input / output state, the logic block 1, and a programmable wiring. 2 and ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6 that store configuration information that defines the operation of the programmable I / O block 3, and a plurality of configuration information stored in the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6. Information selection means 7, 8, and 9 for setting one to the logic block 1, the programmable wiring 2, and the programmable I / O block 3, respectively.
[0020]
  The use of the nonvolatile ferroelectric memories 4, 5, and 6 as the configuration memory for storing the configuration information eliminates the need for having a non-volatile memory of another chip outside, and increases the cost of the device. The problem of an increase or an increase in board area can be solved.
The logic block 1 receives the combinational logic circuit block, the flip-flop for storing the output state of the combinational logic circuit block, the output of the combinational logic circuit block and the output of the flip-flop, and the combinational logic circuit block according to the configuration information. And a multiplexer that selects and outputs the output of the flip-flop. The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information. A configuration having an enable terminal connected to the configuration memory, which is disabled when the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as By the, based on the configuration information stored in the configuration memory, it can store the information before switching the configuration information to the flip-flop. That is, in the disabled state, the multiplexer outputs the current logical operation, and the flip-flop can store the calculation result in the previous operating state.
[0021]
Each ferroelectric memory 4, 5, 6 has a plurality of pieces of configuration information, and these pieces of pieces of configuration information are supplied from a control signal generated in the logic block 1 or from the outside of the programmable logic device. The information selection means 7, 8, 9 that receives the control signal selects and defines the configuration of the logic block 1, the programmable wiring 2 and the programmable I / O block 3. As a result, a single logic block 1, programmable wiring 2 and programmable I / O block 3 can realize a plurality of types of logic operations, and the number of logic gates can be reduced even if the number of logic gates per unit area is small. It can be made substantially larger.
[0022]
In the programmable logic device of the present invention, the circuit is configured such that the configuration information stored in the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, and 6 does not break when the power is turned on and off. In other words, when the programmable logic device has a power supply voltage detection circuit and the power supply is turned on, the power supply voltage is first applied to the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, and 6 and the data recall operation is executed. If the power supply voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage after detecting that the voltage exceeds the voltage required for the above, a control voltage and a power supply are applied so that the ferroelectric memories 4, 5 and 6 are not erroneously reproduced. After execution of the sequence, the logic operation of the programmable logic device is started.
[0023]
When the power is shut off, first, it is detected that the power supply voltage has become a predetermined value or less, and the data is written to the ferroelectric memories 4, 5 and 6 after the power is shut off. Writing is performed by applying a control signal so that the recorded information is not destroyed in the short term or in the long term.
[0024]
In the programmable logic device of the present invention, the logic state is changed.RegulationWhether or not configuration information to be written has been written is stored in the ferroelectric memory. As a result, instability of operation such as conflict of wiring signals can be removed when configuration is not performed.
[0025]
Furthermore, in the programmable logic device of the present invention, a plurality of configuration information must be written to the configuration memory, but can be simultaneously written by a plurality of data streams. In addition, the configuration information can be changed in the background while executing a specific logical operation. As a result, the configuration information writing time can be shortened.
[0026]
In the programmable logic device of the present invention, information unique to each device can be stored in a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory. As a result, when writing or reading the configuration information, authentication with the unique information stored in the programmable logic device is performed, and only when the authentication result is correct, writing or reading is possible. Information theft and rewriting can be prevented. Also, when executing logical operations, authenticate with unique information stored in the programmable logic device, and prevent unauthorized use by enabling logical operations only when the authentication result is correct Can do.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, an outline of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the basic configuration of a programmable logic device according to the present invention.
[0028]
The programmable logic device according to the present invention includes a logic block 1 capable of realizing various logic functions, a programmable wiring 2 capable of changing a connection state, a programmable I / O block 3 capable of changing an input / output state, the logic block 1, and a programmable wiring. 2 and ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6 that store configuration information that defines the operation of the programmable I / O block 3, and a plurality of configuration information stored in the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6. Information selection means 7, 8 and 9 for setting one to the logic block 1, the programmable wiring 2 and the programmable I / O block 3, respectively, and a plurality of these are combined to form one DPGA or FPGA LSI. .
[0029]
Ferroelectric memories 4, 5, and 6 are used as nonvolatile configuration memories that store configuration information. Since the configuration information is stored in the non-volatile memory inside the LSI, it is possible to remove external PROMs and EEPROMs conventionally required for the FPGA and realize an inexpensive board system. it can.
[0030]
Each ferroelectric memory 4, 5, 6 has a plurality of pieces of configuration information, and these pieces of pieces of configuration information are supplied from a control signal generated in the logic block 1 or from the outside of the programmable logic device. The information selection means 7, 8, 9 that receives the control signal is selected to define the configuration of the logic block 1, the programmable wiring 2, and the programmable I / O block 3. By mounting a plurality of configuration information on one LSI, a single logic block 1, programmable wiring 2 and programmable I / O block 3 can realize a plurality of types of logic operations, and the logic per unit area can be realized. Even if the number of gates is small, the number of logic gates can be substantially increased, and a more efficient logic gate can be realized.
[0031]
The logic block 1 of the programmable logic device includes a combinational logic circuit block (lookup table), a flip-flop, and a multiplexer. The flip-flop has an enable terminal, and an enable signal and a multiplexer supplied to the enable terminal. By simultaneously controlling these output selection signals, the logic block 1 can be used more effectively.
[0032]
Furthermore, by using the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, and 6 as read-only memories, it is possible to provide data required for the logic block with a small area. By adding a circuit that can read the address space of the read-only memory even in different contexts, it is possible to further increase the degree of freedom.
[0033]
The programmable logic device of the present invention has a circuit configuration in which the configuration information stored in the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6 is not destroyed when the power is turned on and off. In other words, when the programmable logic device has a power supply voltage detection circuit and the power supply is turned on, the power supply voltage is first applied to the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, and 6 and the data recall operation is executed. If the power supply voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage after detecting that the voltage exceeds the voltage required for the above, a control voltage and a power supply are applied so that the ferroelectric memories 4, 5 and 6 are not erroneously reproduced. After execution of the sequence, the logic operation of the programmable logic device is started.
[0034]
When the power is shut off, first, it is detected that the power supply voltage has become a predetermined value or less, and the data is written to the ferroelectric memories 4, 5 and 6 after the power is shut off. The information is written by applying a control signal so that the information is not destroyed for a short time or for a long time, and then the power is shut off.
[0035]
Thus, by appropriately controlling the control voltage applied to the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6 when the power supply of the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6 is turned on or when the power supply is cut off The configuration information is not destroyed and stable LSI operation is enabled.
[0036]
In the programmable logic device of the present invention, information indicating whether or not configuration information for defining a logic state has been written is stored in the ferroelectric memory. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the conflict of wiring before the configuration information is written, or the operation instability of the peripheral logic circuit.
[0037]
Furthermore, in the programmable logic device of the present invention, a plurality of pieces of configuration information must be written into the ferroelectric memories 4, 5, 6 so that the plurality of pieces of configuration information can be written simultaneously by a plurality of data streams. It is composed. In addition, the configuration information can be changed in the background while a specific logical operation is being executed.By providing a plurality of data paths, the writing of configuration information is speeded up, and the number of effective logic gates in the device can be increased by enabling writing during logic execution.
[0038]
Finally, the programmable logic device of the present invention is configured to store information unique to a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory. As a result, when writing or reading the configuration information, authentication with the unique information stored in the programmable logic device is performed, and writing or reading is possible only when the authentication result is correct. Configuration information can be prevented from being stolen or rewritten. In addition, when executing a logical operation, authentication with unique information stored in the programmable logic device is performed, and only when the authentication result is correct, the logical operation can be executed, thereby preventing unauthorized persons from being authenticated. Use can be prevented.
[0039]
Next, the case where the embodiment of the present invention is applied to an LSI of a programmable logic device will be described in detail as an example.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an entire circuit of a programmable logic device using a ferroelectric memory.
[0040]
The illustrated programmable logic device 10 includes a plurality of logic block arrays 11 that can be arranged in a matrix at the center of the programmable logic device 10 to form a desired combinational logic circuit. Around these logic block arrays 11, a plurality of programmable wirings (PIC) 12 that can freely perform desired connections are arranged. A plurality of programmable I / O blocks 13 that can be set as signal input or signal output to pads provided corresponding to the external terminals of the LSI are arranged on the outer periphery of the LSI chip, and the inside thereof is arranged. The read-only memory 14 configured by a configuration memory is arranged. This configuration memory is composed of a ferroelectric memory.
[0041]
Next, details of each component will be described.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the logic block array in more detail.
The logical block array 11 includes a plurality of, in the illustrated example, 16 logical blocks 21 and a memory control circuit 22. Each logic block 21 includes a plurality of, in the illustrated example, eight configuration memories 23 made of ferroelectric memory cells, as shown on the left side of FIG.₀~ 23₇And this configuration memory 23₀~ 23₇, A load circuit 24 for writing configuration information, a 4-input look-up table 25 and a flip-flop and output multiplexer 26 constituting a logical block.
[0042]
The load circuit 24 is composed of, for example, a 17-bit shift register. The load circuit 24 shifts configuration information supplied from the outside bit by bit. When the shift is completed, the stored configuration information is transferred to the configuration memory 23.₀Write to. The writing by the load circuit 24 is the eighth configuration memory 23.₇The process is repeated until the data is written.
[0043]
8 configuration memories 23₀~ 23₇For example, the configuration information to be used first is stored in the first configuration memory 23.₀By writing to, the logic operation specified by the configuration information can be executed immediately at the end of writing, and the remaining configuration information can be written in the background during the operation. There is an advantage that writing time and start-up time can be shortened.
[0044]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a 4-input lookup table.
As shown in FIG. 3, the four-input look-up table 25 is a configuration memory 23 that can handle a total of eight types of logic operations.₀~ 23₇16-bit memory 27 and 16-to-1 multiplexer 28. The 16-bit memory 27 can be composed of SRAM type cells or ferroelectric memory cells. The multiplexer 28 has a function of selecting one of the outputs of the 16-bit memory 27 and has four inputs A, B, C, and D serving as logic block inputs.
[0045]
Here, by changing the contents of the 16-bit memory 27, a combinational logic circuit such as an AND gate, a NAND gate, an AND gate with an inverting input, an OR gate, a NOR gate, an exclusive OR gate, and an AND-OR gate is provided. Can be configured. For example, the configuration memory 23₀In FIG. 4, if the contents are supplied such that the output is 1 when all the inputs are 1 and the other inputs are 0, the 4-input look-up table 25 is operated as a 4-input AND. Can be set. In addition, the configuration memory 23₁Is set to execute 4-input OR, and further, the configuration memory 23₂Can be set to execute the function A + B for two inputs. In general, the size of the configuration memory is very small as compared with the wiring area that occupies the largest area in the programmable logic device 10, and therefore the increase in area due to the increase in the configuration memory is substantially reduced. This method is advantageous because it is much smaller than the increase in logic gates.
[0046]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a more detailed configuration example of the load circuit and the configuration memory.
Load circuit 24 and configuration memory 23₀~ 23₇Includes a shift register 30 for transferring configuration information, a write circuit 31 for writing data from the shift register 30 to the ferroelectric memory, a ferroelectric memory cell array 32, and the ferroelectric memory cell array. The output buffer 33 outputs the data written in 32 to the 4-input lookup table 25, and the read path 34 can read the contents of the memory to the shift register. Note that the output buffer 33 may include a memory read sense amplifier as necessary.
[0047]
Here, a load circuit 24 and a configuration memory 23 for the logic block 21 are used.₀~ 23₇However, the load circuit and the configuration memory in the other programmable wiring 12 and programmable I / O block 13 have the same configuration. The configuration memory of the programmable wiring 12 is used for wiring connection control, and the programmable I / O block 13 is used for I / O port input / output control.
[0048]
The ferroelectric memory cell array 32 has a word line WL and a plate line PL, and the write circuit 31 has a write line WE in order to write to the ferroelectric memory cell and control a configuration memory composed of these. It is connected to the memory control circuit 22 in the logic block array 11 shown in FIG. Note that the same number of word lines WL as the number of configuration information (eight) are prepared.
[0049]
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a first configuration example of the ferroelectric memory cell.
According to the first configuration example of the ferroelectric memory cell, the transistors M1 and M2 and the transistors M3 and M4 each constitute an inverter, and each is coupled in a cross couple to constitute a memory cell. . The sources of the transistors M1 and M3 are connected to the power supply voltage PWR line, and the sources of the transistors M2 and M4 are connected to the ground voltage VSS line. Transistors M5 and M6 are connected to the outputs of these inverters, respectively. These transistors M5 and M6 are also connected to the bit lines BL and XBL, and constitute access transistors for taking out the stored information or taking in write data. The gates of the transistors M5 and M6 are connected to the word line WL [x] (x: 0 to 7). Note that the transistor M6 can be omitted when only 1-bit non-inverted information is to be extracted. Ferroelectric capacitors FC1 and FC2 have one terminal connected to storage nodes S1 and S2 of the memory cell, respectively, and the other terminal connected to plate line PL. This plate line PL is used to control writing to the memory cell and at the same time to prevent deterioration of the characteristics of the ferroelectric substance due to the high voltage of the memory cell being applied in the data holding state. The As the ferroelectric capacitor, a ferroelectric material mainly composed of PZT (lead zirconate titanate) or a ferroelectric material having a bismuth layered perovskite structure such as SBT (bismuth strontium tantalate) is used. it can.
[0050]
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a second configuration example of the ferroelectric memory cell. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The second configuration example of the ferroelectric memory cell is similar to the configuration example of FIG. 6, but the ferroelectric capacitors FC3 and FC4 are added, and the second configuration example is used as an electrode opposed to the storage nodes S1 and S2. Plate line PL2 is installed. The ferroelectric memory cell to which the ferroelectric capacitors FC3 and FC4 are added is stored in the ferroelectric memory cell when the power is turned on after the power is turned off, as compared with the ferroelectric memory cell of FIG. The data recall characteristics that indicate whether the data that has been stored can be read correctly are excellent.
[0051]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the state of the control signal in each operation of the ferroelectric memory.
The writing and reading operations of the ferroelectric memory cells having the first and second configurations are the same as those of a normal SRAM, and the difference is the setting of the plate lines PL (plate lines PL1 and PL2 in FIG. 7). is there.
[0052]
First, at the time of writing, a high control signal is applied to the write line WE and the word line WL, and a pulse voltage of High → Low is applied to the plate lines PL (PL1, PL2). Here, the operation differs from that of a normal SRAM in that a sequence of applying a pulse voltage of High → Low is added to the plate line PL (PL1, PL2). As a result, a predetermined write voltage is applied to the ferroelectric capacitor to perform writing.
[0053]
Note that the configuration information is switched by selecting different write lines WL (eight write lines WL are present in the example of FIG. 3) and performing reading. During the read operation, it is the same as a normal SRAM, a low control signal is applied to the write line WE, a high control signal is applied to the word line WL, and the plate lines PL (PL1, PL2) are imprinted. In order to prevent the characteristic fluctuation of the ferroelectric memory called, it is set to half of the power supply voltage Vdd. Thereby, the ferroelectric memory is read.
[0054]
In the logic operation in the data holding state, a low control signal is applied to the write line WE and the word line WL, and a voltage half the power supply voltage Vdd is applied to the plate lines PL (PL1, PL2). .
[0055]
Next, the configuration of the programmable wiring 12 constituting the programmable logic device will be described.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of the programmable wiring.
[0056]
The programmable wiring 12 includes a configuration memory 40 using ferroelectric memory cells and a pass transistor 41, and connects the output of the configuration memory 40 to the gate of the pass transistor 41.
[0057]
The configuration memory 40 can have the same configuration as the configuration memory for the logic block shown in FIG. The pass transistor 41 is disposed at the intersection of the column line and the row line of the wiring, and one of the drain and the source is connected to the column line and the other is connected to the row line.
[0058]
The pass transistor 41 is controlled to be turned on / off by the High / Low levels of the data output from the configuration memory 40, and controls the connection of the wiring by conducting or blocking between the drain and the source. To reduce the capacity of the configuration memory, a multiplexer-type crossbar used by A. DeHon “Dynamically Programmable Gate Arrays: A Step Toward Increased Computational Density” (Fourth Canadian Workshop of Field-Programmable Devices, 1996). Can also be used.
[0059]
Next, the configuration of the programmable I / O block 13 constituting the programmable logic device 10 will be described.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of the programmable I / O block.
[0060]
The programmable I / O block 13 takes in the buffer 43 whose input is connected to the pad 42 used for data input / output and the data input to the pad 42 connected to the output of the buffer 43 into the programmable logic device 10. A flip-flop 44, a flip-flop 45 that takes out data from the programmable logic device 10, a tri-state buffer 46 that is connected to the output of the flip-flop 45 and controls data output to the pad 42, and a ferroelectric memory cell are used. The configuration memory 47 and a flip-flop 48 that supplies an inverted signal of output enable to the tri-state buffer 46 according to the contents of the configuration memory 47 are provided. The configuration memory 47 can have the same configuration as the configuration memory for the logic block shown in FIG.
[0061]
In the above configuration, the flip-flop 48 supplies the contents of the configuration memory 47 to the output enable inverted input of the tristate buffer 46 in synchronization with the clock. At this time, when the inverted signal of the output enable is, for example, High, the output of the tristate buffer 46 becomes high impedance, so that the pad 42 is set for data input. Therefore, since the data supplied to the pad 42 is supplied to the flip-flop 44 via the buffer 43, the flip-flop 44 captures the data input to the pad 42 in the programmable logic device 10 in synchronization with the clock. Works. On the contrary, when the inverted signal of the output enable is Low, the logic state of the input and output of the tristate buffer 46 becomes equal, so that the flip-flop 45 synchronizes the output data of the programmable logic device 10 to the pad 42 in synchronization with the clock. Acts to supply. As described above, the programmable I / O block 13 can input / output the I / O port according to the output of the configuration memory 47.Regulationcan do.
[0062]
Next, the programmable logic device 10 has a plurality of pieces of configuration information. How to switch the configuration information will be described.
[0063]
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the switching operation of the configuration information.
The programmable logic device 10 includes a configuration ID (IDentifier) / command distribution circuit 50. The configuration ID / command distribution circuit 50 receives a command CIDEXT for switching configuration information from the outside of the programmable logic device 10 or a command CIDINT for switching configuration information from the logic block 21 inside the programmable logic device 10, and generates ferroelectricity. It is configured to be supplied to each of the logic block 21, the programmable wiring 12, and the programmable I / O block 13 in which the configuration memory based on the body memory exists.
[0064]
The switching of the configuration information can be given from the outside of the programmable logic device 10 by the command CIDEXT, or can be given from the inside by the command CIDINT. The internal command CIDINT is generated by a sequencer configured in the logic block 21 (the command CIDINT is generated by the logic block 21 although there is a possibility of passing through the programmable wiring 12 on the way).
[0065]
Since there are eight (types) of configuration memories for the logic block 21, the programmable wiring 12, and the programmable I / O block 13, a 3-bit configuration ID (CID [0: 2] is used to identify each configuration. ]) Is defined. The command CIDEXT or the command CIDINT includes a value of CID [0: 2] indicating a configuration information switching destination and a configuration information switching command.
[0066]
When receiving the command CIDEXT or the command CIDINT, the configuration ID / command distribution circuit 50 sends the value of CID [0: 2] and the configuration information switching command to the logic block 21, the programmable wiring 12, and the programmable I / O block 13. Thus, one of the eight configuration memories is selected, and the logic block 21, the programmable wiring 12, or the programmable I / O block 13 is stored in the selected configuration memory. The logic function is switched according to the operation information.
[0067]
Next, a specific configuration example of the logical block 21 will be described.
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a conventional logic block, and FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the logic block used in the programmable logic device of the present invention.
[0068]
According to the configuration of FIG. 12 in which a conventional logical block is modeled, a configuration memory 51 that stores one configuration information, a lookup table 52 that forms a combinational logical block, a flip-flop 53, and a lookup table 52 Alternatively, it comprises a 2: 1 multiplexer 54 for switching the output of the flip-flop 53. This configuration is a general configuration adopted in the FPGA.
[0069]
On the other hand, the logic block 21 used in the programmable logic device of the present invention includes a configuration memory 55 that stores a plurality of configuration information, a lookup table 56, a flip-flop 57 having an enable terminal EN, and a lookup. A control signal for switching the multiplexer 58 from the configuration memory 55 is supplied to the enable terminal EN of the flip-flop 57. The table 56 or the flip-flop 57 has a 2: 1 multiplexer 58 for switching the output. The output of the flip-flop 57 can be supplied to the outside. Since the flip-flop 57 can store information before switching the configuration by providing the enable terminal EN, the flip-flop 57 can have a memory function in addition to the flip-flop function.
[0070]
When the multiplexer 58 selects the output of the flip-flop 57, a high-level control signal is supplied to the selection control terminal of the multiplexer 58 and the enable terminal EN of the flip-flop 57. At this time, the flip-flop 57 is enabled, latches the information read by the clock input and outputs the latched information to the multiplexer 58, and the multiplexer 58 selects and outputs it, so that the same operation as the conventional logic block is performed. .
[0071]
When the multiplexer 58 selects the output of the lookup table 56, a low level control signal is supplied from the configuration memory 55 to the selection control terminal of the multiplexer 58 and the enable terminal EN of the flip-flop 57. As a result, the flip-flop 57 is disabled. By doing this, the lookup table 56Enables the same operation as beforeIn addition, the information of the flip-flop 57 that stores the execution results in the previous configuration can be used in the configuration. In particular, if the circuit configuration is such that the output of the flip-flop 57 can be fed back to the input side (it can be connected to one of the logic block inputs of the lookup table 56), a memory for storing the result of the previous configuration can be provided. Without providing a new configuration, it is possible to obtain a calculation result output processed by the combinational logic circuit by using the result of the previous configuration as an input.
[0072]
Next, a description will be given of a method for protecting configuration information from destruction when the ferroelectric memory is powered on and off. As described in the prior art, normal recovery (data recall) of stored information is difficult even if the power is supplied as it is to the ferroelectric memory cell as shown in FIG. When the power supply rises, the voltages of the storage nodes S1 and S2 are determined according to the side where the NMOS transistors M2 and M4 of the latch circuit of FIG. 6 are turned on first. At this time, both ends of the ferroelectric capacitors FC1 and FC2 are determined. Is at most 0.5V, and there is almost no relative capacitance ratio between the ferroelectric capacitors FC1 and FC2, and there is a possibility of erroneous reading during data recall (this is equivalent to data destruction). . Before the power supply is cut off, the plate line PL in FIG. 6 and the plate lines PL1 and PL2 in FIG. 7 are set to Vdd / 2 to ensure long-term reliability of the ferroelectric memory. It is desirable to apply a full power supply voltage to the ferroelectric capacitors FC1 and FC2 once (data store). Here, a method for automatically executing data recall and data store inside a programmable logic device will be described.
[0073]
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a power control circuit for a ferroelectric memory, and FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining power control in a ferroelectric memory-based configuration memory.
[0074]
The power supply control circuit includes a power supply voltage detection / supply circuit 61 in parallel with the smoothing capacitor 60 connected to the external power supply terminal. The power supply voltage detection / supply circuit 61 supplies the input power supply voltage Vdd as the power supply voltage PWR to the memory control circuit 62 and outputs a power supply voltage detection signal PDET that detects the rise and shut-off of the power supply voltage to the memory control circuit 62. Configured toThising. The memory control circuit 62 is configured to output a power control signal ENX, a ground control signal EN, and a ferroelectric memory cell control signal to the configuration memory 63 based on the ferroelectric memory. In the case of the logical block 21 shown in FIG.ThisThe memory control circuit 62 corresponds to the memory control circuit 22, and the configuration memory 63 corresponds to the configuration memory 23.₀~ 23₇Corresponding to
[0075]
As shown in FIG. 15, the configuration memory 63 includes ferroelectric memory cells of the type shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 arranged as a configuration memory. The configuration memory 63 has a power supply voltage PWR. The transistor PT1 is provided for controlling (supplying) the transistor NT1, and the transistor NT1 is provided for controlling (supplying) the ground voltage VSS.
[0076]
When the power supply is turned on, the memory control circuit 62 turns off the transistors PT1 and NT1 in advance, and after the power supply voltage detection / supply circuit 61 detects a sufficient voltage, in the ferroelectric memory cell of the type shown in FIG. In the ferroelectric memory cell of the type shown in FIG. 7, the plate line PL1 is driven from low to high while the plate line PL2 is fixed at the ground potential GND. As a result, a voltage reflecting the voltage accumulated before power-off is induced in the storage nodes S1 and S2 of each ferroelectric memory cell. In the case of the ferroelectric memory cell of the type shown in FIG. 6, assuming that 0V is originally stored in the storage node S1 and 3.3V is stored in the storage node S2, when the plate line PL is driven from Low to High, A voltage of 3.00V is induced in the storage node S1, and 3.22V is induced in the storage node S2. In the case of the ferroelectric memory cell of the type of FIG. 7, assuming that 0V is originally stored in the storage node S1 and 3.3V is stored in the storage node S2, when the plate line PL1 is driven from Low to High, A voltage of 0.65V is induced in the storage node S1, and 2.59V is induced in the storage node S2. Thereafter, when the memory control circuit 62 turns on the transistors PT1 and NT1 by the power supply control signal ENX and the ground control signal EN and supplies the power supply voltage PWR, each ferroelectric memory cell of the configuration memory 63 performs a latch operation. Recover the data that was originally stored. After that, if the reset of the chip is released and the logic operation of the programmable logic device 10 is executed, the logic operation using the configuration information stored originally can be executed.
[0077]
When the power supply is shut off, after the power supply voltage detection / supply circuit 61 detects a drop in the power supply voltage, the plate lines PL (PL1, PL2) that were originally set to Vdd / 2 are changed from High to Low. After writing to the ferroelectric memory cell, the transistors PT1 and NT1 are turned off. At this time, all the word lines WL are set to Low and are not selected or only one is selected.
[0078]
FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a power supply voltage detection unit of the power supply voltage detection / supply circuit.
The power supply voltage detection unit includes a rise detection circuit 64 for detecting the rise of the power supply voltage, a fall detection circuit 65 for detecting the fall of the power supply voltage, and an RS flip-flop circuit composed of two NAND gates 66 and 67. The operation is performed at a voltage sufficiently lower than the power supply voltage Vdd, for example, 1 V or more.
[0079]
The rising edge detection circuit 64 includes two resistors 64a and 64b connected in series and a comparator 64c. The comparator 64c applies the power source voltage Vdd applied to the smoothing capacitor 60 shown in FIG. 14 to the resistors 64a and 64b. When the power supply voltage Vdd becomes 3.0 V or higher, the Low voltage is output. The fall detection circuit 65 includes two resistors 65a and 65b connected in series and a comparator 65c. The comparator 65c divides the power supply voltage Vdd by the resistors 65a and 65b and the reference voltage Vref. If the power supply voltage Vdd becomes 2.7 V or lessLowIs output. Here, as the reference voltage Vref, for example, a bandgap reference circuit is used, and a stable voltage of 1.1 V (with very little characteristic fluctuation with respect to power supply fluctuation and temperature fluctuation) is obtained.
[0080]
When the power supply voltage detection unit detects 3.0 V, it outputs High as the power supply voltage detection signal PDET, and once the voltage rises, it holds High as the power supply voltage detection signal PDET until it becomes 2.7 V or less. The circuit is provided with a margin against an instantaneous drop in the power supply accompanying an increase in load.
[0081]
Next, a problem when the configuration information is not written and countermeasures will be described.
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a programmable wiring using a ferroelectric memory cell-based configuration memory, and FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the programmable wiring in the present invention.
[0082]
As shown in FIG. 17, the programmable wiring of the programmable logic device has a plurality of wiring tracks 70 and 71, and pass transistors 72 and 74 and pass transistors 73 and 75 are connected to these wiring tracks 70 and 71. The first to fourth outputs of the configuration memory are connected to the pass transistors 72 to 75, and further, the first to fourth outputs from the look-up table are connected via the output buffers 76 to 79. .
[0083]
Before writing data in the ferroelectric memory cell, the first to fourth outputs of the configuration memory are in an indefinite state. For this reason, in some cases, for example, the first and third outputs of the configuration memory may simultaneously turn on the pass transistors 72 and 74 connected to the same wiring track 70. Similarly, the first to fourth outputs of the lookup table are also the same.RegulationTherefore, there is a possibility that the first output is High and the third output is Low. As a result, the high output and the low output compete for the wiring track 70. As a result, the potential of the wiring track 70 is maintained at an intermediate potential, and a large current flows.
[0084]
In order to prevent this, the conventional SRAM cell-based program logic device is configured to disable output from the look-up table until the configuration information is written after the device power is supplied. ing. However, in a programmable logic device using a ferroelectric memory, the configuration information needs to be written only once (ideally), so the output from the lookup table is disabled every time the power is turned on. There is no need.
[0085]
Therefore, in the present invention, the configuration shown in FIG. 18 prevents the conflict of the programmable wiring. In this configuration, AND gates 80 to 83 are provided at the gates of the pass transistors 72 to 75, and the first to fourth outputs of the configuration memory are connected to the first inputs of the AND gates 80 to 83. The fifth input of the configuration memory is connected to the second input of .about.83. In the ferroelectric memory cell related to the fifth output of the configuration memory, information indicating whether or not configuration information has been written is stored.
[0086]
When the power supply is turned on, the first to fourth outputs of the configuration memory are supplied to the pass transistors 72 to 75 based on the information stored in the ferroelectric memory cell related to the fifth output of the configuration memory. Control whether or not to do. That is, if the information stored in the ferroelectric memory cell related to the fifth output of the configuration memory is information before writing, all the AND gates 80 to 83 are closed and the first to the first of the configuration memory are closed. The output of No. 4 is forcibly disabled, and if it is written information, it is enabled to prevent the wiring tracks 70 and 71 from causing a bus conflict.
[0087]
Here, the problem when the configuration information is not written has been described in the case of the programmable wiring. However, such a countermeasure for not performing the configuration is also necessary in the circuit for switching the configuration information shown in FIG. 11, for example. It is. This is because a configuration change command may continue to be output from inside the chip when the configuration information is not yet written. Also in this case, if the configuration is not performed, the configuration ID / command distribution circuit 50 has a circuit configuration that ignores the input from the internal signal.
[0088]
Information about whether or not configuration information has been written is necessary for all configuration information (ID). The fact that the configuration information has not been written is written by the manufacturer of the programmable logic device and shipped to the user. In order to prevent the above-described bus conflict that occurs when configuration information is not yet written or an illegal operation of a logic circuit, a manufacturer can prepare test pins and specify that configuration is not performed from the outside. .
[0089]
Next, the read-only memory 14 based on the configuration memory will be described. In a general logic circuit, a read-only memory is used for storing constants, and the number of logic gates per unit area can be improved.
[0090]
FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a read-only memory based on a configuration memory.
A multiplexer 91 is connected to the output side of the configuration memory 90, and this multiplexer 91 is connected to the logic block 92 via an address line and a data line. In addition, a read-only memory control circuit 93 is connected to the configuration memory 90. The read-only memory control circuit 93 includes a 3-bit configuration ID (CID [0: 2]) for specifying the configuration from the configuration ID / command distribution circuit, and a ROM mode selection signal from the logic block 92. Is configured to receive.
[0091]
The configuration memory 90 has a configuration in units of 32 bits, for example. Therefore, when performing a logical operation according to the configuration based on the configuration ID, the multiplexer 91 selects necessary data from 32-bit data by the address sent from the logical block 92 and sends it to the logical block 92. . In this case, only the 32 bits that are one output of the configuration memory 90 specified by the configuration ID can be selected. At this time, the ROM mode selection signal from the logic block 92 is Low, for example.
[0092]
When the ROM mode selection signal is High, a 3-bit address signal is sent together from the logic block 92. This 3-bit address signal is for selecting one of the eight configurations. In this case, the read-only memory control circuit 93 selects one configuration from the configuration memory 90 by a 3-bit address signal. The 32-bit data of the selected configuration is sent to the multiplexer 91, and necessary data is selected from the 32-bit data by the address sent from the logical block 92 and sent to the logical block 92.
[0093]
In this way, when the ROM mode selection signal is Low, the data included in the configuration information that defines the logical operation being executed can be read, and when the ROM mode selection signal is High, the ROM mode selection signal is High. The configuration data selected by the 3-bit address signal sent from the logic block 92 can be read out.
[0094]
Next, writing and reading of configuration information will be described.
20 is a diagram illustrating configuration information data transfer, FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration information data stream supplied from the outside of the chip, and FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating configuration information data writing. .
[0095]
The programmable logic device includes a plurality of logic blocks, programmable wirings, and programmable I / O blocks. Writing and reading of configuration information to and from the configuration memory included in the plurality of logic blocks, programmable wirings, and programmable logic devices are possible. The I / O block is divided into a plurality of groups. In the illustrated example, the first group includes a first logic block 100, a first programmable wiring 101, a second logic block 102, and a first programmable I / O block 103. A circuit 104 is provided. The second group includes a third logic block 105, a second programmable wiring 106, a fourth logic block 107, and a second programmable I / O block 108, and one configuration circuit 109. Is provided. To transfer configuration information to the configuration memories of the first logic block 100, the first programmable wiring 101, the second logic block 102, and the first programmable I / O block 103 of the first group, respectively. Shift registers 100a, 101a, 102a, and 103a corresponding to the shift register 30 of FIG. 5 are included, and the second group of the third logic block 105, the second programmable wiring 106, the fourth logic block 107, and The configuration memory of the second programmable I / O block 108 includes shift registers 105a, 106a, 107a, and 108a for transferring configuration information. The configuration circuit 104 and the shift registers 100a, 101a, 102a, and 103a are connected in cascade, and are connected to the configuration circuit 104 by a read path from the configuration memory of the first programmable I / O block 103. The configuration circuit 109 and the shift registers 105a, 106a, 107a, and 108a are connected in cascade, and are connected to the configuration circuit 109 from the configuration memory of the second programmable I / O block 108 by a read path.
[0096]
As described above, in order to write and read the configuration information, the configuration memory is divided into a plurality of groups and can be executed simultaneously. With this configuration, configuration information can be written and read at high speed.
[0097]
When a configuration information write or read command is input, the configuration circuits 104 and 109 interpret the command and write or read configuration information.
[0098]
Configuration information is sent from the outside of the LSI to the configuration circuits 104 and 109 through pins. The configuration circuit 104 includes a shift register 100a of the first logic block 100 and a first programmable wiring 101.ofShift register 101a, second logic block 102ofConfiguration information is sequentially sent to the shift register 102 a and the shift register 103 a of the first programmable I / O block 103. In each of the shift registers 100a, 101a, 102a, and 103a, necessary configuration information is written from the transferred data to the ferroelectric memory cell array by a writing circuit. Similarly, the configuration circuit 109 sequentially sends configuration information input from outside the LSI to the shift registers 105a, 106a, 107a, and 108a. In this way, configuration information is supplied to the configuration memory of the entire LSI.
[0099]
As shown in FIG. 21, the configuration information data stream supplied from outside the LSI includes a synchronization signal, a command, write data, and CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check). 109, only necessary configuration information is sent to the shift register string. The CRC is used for error checking, and when an error occurs, it requests the LSI external system to transmit data again.
[0100]
The configuration information sent to the shift registers 100a, 101a, 102a, 103a, 105a, 106a, 107a, and 108a is not immediately written to the configuration memory. One reason is to prepare for a case where an error is mixed during transmission of configuration information. Another point is that if the configuration information can be rewritten during the logic execution of the LSI, it is possible to execute a logical operation of eight or more pieces of configuration information stored in the eight LSIs. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22, during logic execution, the configuration ID / command distribution circuit 110 receives a command (configuration switching and configuration information write command) and a configuration ID (CID) input from outside the LSI. Thus, the configuration information stored in the shift register 112 of the configuration memory 111 is written to a predetermined position of the ferroelectric memory cell array 114 using the write circuit 113. When data is written, data is supplied to the bit lines BL and XBL of the ferroelectric memory cells shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, but the output buffer 115 of the configuration memory 111 is disconnected from the bit lines BL and XBL. Therefore, data at the time of writing does not affect the logical operation being executed. When a configuration information change command generated from an internal logical block and an external configuration information write command are generated at the same timing, the former is given priority. With such a circuit configuration, the number of logic gates per unit area of the LSI can be dramatically improved by rewriting configuration information in the background during the operation of the programmable logic circuit.
[0101]
Finally, security of the programmable logic device will be described. In a conventional FPGA using a volatile memory, configuration information can be read and written by anyone. This is because information unique to each LSI cannot be stored. For this reason, there is a possibility that the developed configuration information may be read by another company or rewritten by a malicious other person. In the present invention, by using a ferroelectric memory-based non-volatile memory, information unique to each LSI can be stored, whereby configuration information can be read out by other companies or malicious The possibility of being rewritten by a certain other person is eliminated, and at the same time, unauthorized use by an unauthorized person can be prevented.
[0102]
FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a security circuit, and FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data stream of configuration information in consideration of security.
The security circuit is provided in a circuit for writing and reading configuration information. Here, a case where the security circuit is applied to the circuit shown on the left side of FIG. 20 is shown as an example. The security circuit includes a nonvolatile memory 121, an operation authentication circuit 122, and a reset circuit 123. The nonvolatile memory 121 stores a security ID unique to the LSI or the user. As the nonvolatile memory 121, the configuration memory shown in FIG. 3 can be used. In a programmable logic device having a plurality of configuration information, a unique security ID can be provided for each configuration ID. In order to store the security ID for each configuration ID, it is suitable to use a configuration memory. The operation authentication circuit 122 collates the security ID stored in the nonvolatile memory 121 with the security ID included in the operation request command. The reset circuit 123 outputs a chip reset signal before the programmable logic device starts executing a logic operation.
[0103]
First, in writing and reading configuration information, a data stream as illustrated in FIG. 24 is used. This data stream includes a security ID. When the data stream is input, the configuration circuit 104 compares the security ID included in the data stream with the security ID stored in the nonvolatile memory 121, and if they do not match, accepts a write or read command. Do not. This prevents the configuration information from being read or rewritten by a malicious third party.
[0104]
The operation authentication circuit 122 accepts an operation request command from the outside of the LSI, and only when the security ID included in the received operation request command matches the security ID stored in the nonvolatile memory 121, the reset circuit A release request is sent to 123, and the reset circuit 123 issues a reset signal to release the reset state of the circuit. In a programmable logic device having a plurality of configuration information, a unique security ID can be provided and managed for each configuration ID. eachSecurityIn order to store the ID, a configuration memory is used, and only an allowed configuration ID can be executed. Thereby, unauthorized use of the programmable logic device can be prevented.
[0105]
(Supplementary note 1) In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
A plurality of configuration information is stored for one circuit that enables arbitrary logic operation, and a plurality of logic states are stored.RegulationA plurality of configuration memories, and
Information selecting means for selecting a plurality of pieces of configuration information and enabling a plurality of types of logical operations;
A programmable logic device characterized in that the configuration memory is composed of nonvolatile ferroelectric memory cells.
[0106]
(Supplementary note 2) The programmable logic device according to supplementary note 1, wherein the information selection means can change the configuration information by a control signal generated inside the LSI during operation of the LSI.
[0107]
(Supplementary note 3) The programmable logic device according to supplementary note 1, wherein the information selection means can change the configuration information by a control signal supplied from outside the LSI during the operation of the LSI.
[0108]
  (Supplementary Note 4) A combinational logic circuit block, a flip-flop for storing the output state of the combinational logic circuit block, an output of the combinational logic circuit block and an output of the flip-flop, and the combinational logic circuit according to the configuration information A logic block having a multiplexer that selects and outputs the output of the block or the output of the flip-flop,
  The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information. It has an enable terminal that disables it whenAs described in Appendix 1Programmable logic device.
[0109]
(Supplementary Note 5) First power supply voltage detection means for detecting that the power supply voltage has become equal to or higher than a first predetermined voltage when the power supply is started up, and the first predetermined power supply by the first power supply voltage detection means In response to voltage detection, a high level voltage is applied to the plate line of the ferroelectric memory cell to prevent the ferroelectric memory cell from being erroneously reproduced, and then a power supply voltage is applied to the ferroelectric memory cell. The programmable logic device according to appendix 1, further comprising first power supply control means for controlling the power supply.
[0110]
(Additional remark 6) The 2nd power supply voltage detection means which detects that a power supply voltage became below the 2nd predetermined voltage when a power supply is interrupted, and the 2nd by the 2nd power supply voltage detection means In response to detection of a predetermined voltage, a high level voltage is first applied to the plate line of the ferroelectric memory cell, and then a low level voltage is applied, or conversely, a low level voltage is applied. And a second power supply control means for controlling the power supply voltage to the ferroelectric memory cell to be cut off after the ferroelectric memory cell performs data store after applying a high level voltage. The programmable logic device according to Supplementary Note 1, wherein the programmable logic device is characterized.
[0111]
(Supplementary Note 7) The ferroelectric memory cell has a logic state.RegulationThe programmable logic device according to appendix 1, wherein information indicating whether or not the configuration information to be written has been written.
[0112]
(Supplementary note 8) The programmable logic device according to supplementary note 4, wherein the configuration memory having a plurality of pieces of configuration information is caused to function as a read-only memory whose output can be utilized in the logical block.
[0113]
(Additional remark 9) Read-only memory which controls freely arbitrary configuration information different from the configuration under operation according to a control signal from the logic block so that it can be freely read from the configuration memory functioning as the read-only memory The programmable logic device according to appendix 8, further comprising a control unit.
[0114]
  (Supplementary Note 10) The configuration memories are grouped into a plurality of groups,SaidSimultaneous writing of the configuration information from multiple data streams in multiple groups;SaidThe programmable logic device according to appendix 1, wherein a plurality of data streams are read simultaneously.
[0115]
(Supplementary note 11) The programmable logic device according to supplementary note 1, wherein a plurality of types of logical operations can be executed by switching and changing configuration information in time during execution of a specific logical operation.
[0116]
  (Additional remark 12) When the specific information storage means which stored the specific information in the non-volatile configuration memory and the specific information at the time of request for writing or reading the configuration information are authenticated, and the authentication result is correct And an authentication means for permitting writing or reading only.As described in Appendix 1Programmable logic device.
[0117]
  (Supplementary note 13) Specific information storage means for storing specific information for each configuration in the non-volatile configuration memory, and writing or reading of the configuration information accompanying temporal switching of a plurality of types of logical operations And authentication means for authenticating with the unique information at the time of the request and permitting writing or reading only when the authentication result is correct.As described in Appendix 1Programmable logic device.
[0118]
  (Supplementary Note 14) Authentication of the unique information storage means for storing unique information in the non-volatile configuration memory and the unique information when a logical operation is requested, and only when the authentication result is correct And an authentication means that permits execution.As described in Appendix 1Programmable logic device.
[0119]
  (Supplementary Note 15) Specific information storage means for storing specific information for each configuration in the non-volatile configuration memory, and the specific information at the time of a logical operation request associated with temporal switching of a plurality of types of logical operations It is characterized by comprising authentication means that authenticates with information and permits execution of a logical operation only when the authentication result is correctAs described in Appendix 1Programmable logic device.
[0120]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, in the present invention, a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory is provided as a configuration memory for storing configuration information, and a plurality of pieces of configuration information are stored in the ferroelectric memory. One of these was selected and used. As a result, configuration information can be stored inside the LSI, eliminating the need for external PROMs and EEPROMs previously required for FPGAs, and storing a plurality of configuration information and ROM in one By mounting on an LSI, an efficient logic gate can be realized, and an inexpensive board system can be realized.
Further, based on the configuration information stored in the configuration memory, information before switching the configuration information can be stored in the flip-flop. That is, in the disabled state, the multiplexer outputs the current logical operation, and the flip-flop can store the calculation result in the previous operating state.
[0121]
In addition, a programmable logic device that uses ferroelectric memory is equipped with a power control circuit for the ferroelectric memory, eliminating data corruption in the configuration memory when the power is turned on or off, enabling stable LSI operation. ing.
[0122]
In a programmable logic device using a ferroelectric memory, it is configured to store information on whether or not configuration information has been written in the ferroelectric memory. Circuit instability can be eliminated.
[0123]
In a programmable logic device, by configuring multiple configuration information so that multiple data streams can be written simultaneously, the configuration information can be written at high speed, and writing during logical execution is enabled. Thus, it is possible to quickly start up a logic operation after power is input, and to increase the number of effective logic gates in the LSI.
[0124]
Furthermore, the configuration in which unique information can be stored in the nonvolatile ferroelectric memory can prevent the configuration information of the programmable logic device from being stolen or rewritten, and unauthorized use by unauthorized persons.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a programmable logic device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an entire circuit of a programmable logic device using a ferroelectric memory.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a logic block array in more detail.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a 4-input lookup table.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a more detailed configuration example of a load circuit and a configuration memory.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a first configuration example of a ferroelectric memory cell;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a second configuration example of the ferroelectric memory cell;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state of a control signal in each operation of the ferroelectric memory.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a programmable wiring.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a programmable I / O block.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a configuration information switching operation;
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a conventional logic block.
FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a logic block used in the programmable logic device of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a power supply control circuit of a ferroelectric memory.
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating power supply control in a ferroelectric memory-based configuration memory.
FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power supply voltage detection unit of a power supply voltage detection / supply circuit.
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a programmable wiring using a ferroelectric memory cell based configuration memory.
FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a programmable wiring in the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a read-only memory based on a configuration memory.
FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating data transfer of configuration information.
FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data stream of configuration information supplied from the outside of a chip.
FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating data writing of configuration information.
FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a security circuit.
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data stream of configuration information in consideration of security.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 logical block
2 Programmable wiring
3 Programmable I / O block
4, 5, 6 Ferroelectric memory
7, 8, 9 Information selection means
10 Programmable logic devices
11 Logical block array
12 Programmable wiring
13 Programmable I / O block
14 Read-only memory
21 logical blocks
22 Memory control circuit
23₀~ 23₇  Configuration memory
24 Load circuit
25 Input lookup table
26 Flip-flop and output multiplexer
27 memory
28 Multiplexer
30 Shift register
31 Writing circuit
32 Ferroelectric Memory Cell Array
33 Output buffer
34 Read path
40 Configuration memory
41 pass transistor
50 Configuration ID / Command Distribution Circuit
51 Configuration memory
52 Look-up table
53 Flip-flop
54 Multiplexer
55 Configuration memory
56 Look-up table
57 flip-flop
58 multiplexer
60 smoothing capacitor
61 Power supply voltage detection / supply circuit
62 Memory control circuit
63 Configuration memory
64 Rising edge detection circuit
65 Falling detection circuit

Claims (9)

In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
A plurality of configuration memories composed of a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory that stores a plurality of pieces of configuration information for one circuit enabling arbitrary logic operations and defines a plurality of logic states. When,
Power supply voltage detection means for detecting that the power supply voltage has become equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage when the power supply is turned on;
In response to detection of the predetermined voltage by the power supply voltage detection means, a high level voltage is applied to the plate line of the ferroelectric memory cell to prevent the ferroelectric memory cell from being erroneously reproduced, and then the ferroelectric memory. Power control means for controlling the power supply voltage to be applied to the body memory cell;
A logic block;
The logic block includes a combinational logic circuit block, a flip-flop that stores an output state of the combinational logic circuit block, an output of the combinational logic circuit block and an output of the flip-flop, and the combinational logic according to the configuration information. A multiplexer that selects and outputs the output of the circuit block or the output of the flip-flop,
The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information. A programmable logic device comprising an enable terminal connected to the configuration memory, which is disabled when it is connected. In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
  A plurality of configuration memories composed of a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory that stores a plurality of pieces of configuration information for one circuit enabling arbitrary logic operations and defines a plurality of logic states. When,
  Power supply voltage detection means for detecting that the power supply voltage has become a predetermined voltage or less when the power supply is shut off;
  In response to detection of the predetermined voltage by the power supply voltage detection means, a high level voltage is first applied to the plate line of the ferroelectric memory cell, and then a low level voltage is applied, or vice versa. A power control means for controlling the power supply voltage to the ferroelectric memory cell to be cut off after the ferroelectric memory cell performs data store by applying a high level voltage after applying a level voltage;
  A logic block;
  The logic block includes a combinational logic circuit block, a flip-flop that stores an output state of the combinational logic circuit block, an output of the combinational logic circuit block and an output of the flip-flop, and the combinational logic according to the configuration information. A multiplexer that selects and outputs the output of the circuit block or the output of the flip-flop,
  The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information A programmable logic device comprising an enable terminal connected to the configuration memory, which is disabled when it is connected. In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
  Multiple configuration information for one circuit that allows arbitrary logic operation A plurality of configuration memories composed of a non-volatile ferroelectric memory defining a plurality of logic states;
  A logic block;
  The configuration memories are grouped into a plurality of groups, and the configuration information is simultaneously written from a plurality of data streams in the plurality of groups, and the plurality of data streams are simultaneously read.
  The logic block includes a combinational logic circuit block, a flip-flop that stores an output state of the combinational logic circuit block, an output of the combinational logic circuit block and an output of the flip-flop, and the combinational logic according to the configuration information. A multiplexer that selects and outputs the output of the circuit block or the output of the flip-flop,
  The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information A programmable logic device comprising an enable terminal connected to the configuration memory, which is disabled when it is connected. In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
  A plurality of configuration memories composed of a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory that stores a plurality of pieces of configuration information for one circuit enabling arbitrary logic operations and defines a plurality of logic states. When,
  Unique information storage means for storing unique information in the non-volatile configuration memory;
  An authentication unit that performs authentication with the unique information at the time of requesting writing or reading of the configuration information, and permits writing or reading only when an authentication result is correct;
  A logic block;
  The logic block includes a combinational logic circuit block, a flip-flop that stores an output state of the combinational logic circuit block, an output of the combinational logic circuit block and an output of the flip-flop, and the combinational logic according to the configuration information. A multiplexer that selects and outputs the output of the circuit block or the output of the flip-flop,
  The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information A programmable logic device comprising an enable terminal connected to the configuration memory, which is disabled when it is connected. In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
  A plurality of configuration memories composed of a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory that stores a plurality of pieces of configuration information for one circuit enabling arbitrary logic operations and defines a plurality of logic states. When,
  Unique information storage means for storing unique information in the non-volatile configuration memory;
  An authentication unit that authenticates the specific information at the time of a logical operation request and permits the execution of the logical operation only when the authentication result is correct;
  A logic block;
  The logic block includes a combinational logic circuit block and the combinational logic circuit block. Flip-flops that store the output state of the logic circuit, the output of the combinational logic circuit block and the output of the flip-flop are input, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block or the output of the flip-flop is selected and output according to the configuration information And a multiplexer
  The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information A programmable logic device comprising an enable terminal connected to the configuration memory, which is disabled when it is connected. In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
  A plurality of configuration memories composed of a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory that stores a plurality of pieces of configuration information for one circuit enabling arbitrary logic operations and defines a plurality of logic states. When,
  Information selection means for selecting the plurality of configuration information and enabling execution of a plurality of types of logical operations;
  The configuration memories are grouped into a plurality of groups, and the configuration information is simultaneously written from a plurality of data streams and the plurality of data streams are simultaneously read out in the plurality of groups. Programmable logic device. In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
A plurality of configuration memories composed of a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory that stores a plurality of pieces of configuration information for one circuit enabling arbitrary logic operations and defines a plurality of logic states. When,
Information selecting means for selecting a plurality of pieces of configuration information and enabling a plurality of types of logical operations;
Unique information storage means for storing unique information in the non-volatile configuration memory;
An authentication unit that performs authentication with the unique information at the time of requesting writing or reading of the configuration information, and permits writing or reading only when an authentication result is correct;
A programmable logic device comprising: In a programmable logic device that enables a desired logic operation by setting a configuration from the outside,
A plurality of configuration memories composed of a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory that stores a plurality of pieces of configuration information for one circuit enabling arbitrary logic operations and defines a plurality of logic states. When,
Information selecting means for selecting a plurality of pieces of configuration information and enabling a plurality of types of logical operations;
Unique information storage means for storing unique information in the non-volatile configuration memory;
An authentication unit that authenticates the specific information at the time of a logical operation request and permits the execution of the logical operation only when the authentication result is correct;
A programmable logic device comprising: A combinational logic circuit block; a flip-flop for storing the output state of the combinational logic circuit block; an output of the combinational logic circuit block and an output of the flip-flop; Select and output the output of the flip-flop A logic block having a plexus;
  The flip-flop is enabled when the output of the flip-flop is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information, and the output of the combinational logic circuit block is selected as the output of the multiplexer according to the configuration information 9. The programmable logic device according to claim 6, further comprising an enable terminal connected to the configuration memory, which is set to a disabled state in the event of a failure.

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