JP3933273B2 - Livestock feed - Google Patents

Livestock feed Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3933273B2
JP3933273B2 JP28116297A JP28116297A JP3933273B2 JP 3933273 B2 JP3933273 B2 JP 3933273B2 JP 28116297 A JP28116297 A JP 28116297A JP 28116297 A JP28116297 A JP 28116297A JP 3933273 B2 JP3933273 B2 JP 3933273B2
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Prior art keywords
basic protein
milk
fetal growth
weight
protein composition
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JP28116297A
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JPH11103788A (en
Inventor
博昭 松山
誠一郎 青江
幸宏 高田
淳一 山村
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Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd
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Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、妊娠母獣に投与し、胎仔の発育を促進させることを目的とした胎仔発育促進剤及び胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した家畜飼料に関する。
本発明の胎仔発育促進剤又は胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した家畜飼料は、妊娠母獣中の胎仔の発育を促進させることができるので、家畜を育種する際に極めて有用である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、畜産物生産の効率化が求められ、家畜の繁殖や育種における損失を如何に防止するかが重要な課題となってきている。家畜を含め動物においては、生まれてきた新生仔の体重が普通の新生仔の平均体重よりも軽かった場合、その後の食環境が同じであれば、その体重差が解消されることはないといわれている。
普通の新生仔の平均体重よりも軽い新生仔、特に未熟仔が誕生するという問題は、多胎動物の場合、その出産仔数にも影響を受ける。一般に、出産仔数が多ければ多い程、未熟仔出産の可能性は高まる。そして、この未熟仔は家畜としての経済価値を著しく損なうこともある。また、正常出産であった場合でも1仔当たりの体重は、普通の新生仔の平均体重より軽い。したがって、このような新生仔の体重を普通の体重まで回復させるためには、より栄養価の高い飼料を与える必要があり、これが生産効率低下の一因となる。
【0003】
現在、家畜育種における未熟仔への対応は、対症療法的な飼料給与のみに重点が置かれている。また、未熟仔出産を防止する手段としては、ホルモン投与による妊娠の維持等、薬物的な処方が主体であるが、薬物投与を施すには獣医師の処方が必要であり、それに要する費用も高額なものとなっている。さらに、母獣に対する飼料給与で未熟仔出産を防止したり、胎仔の発育を促進するという方法も考えられるが、妊娠期間中に栄養価の高い飼料を過剰に給与することは、かえって分娩事故を起こし易いという問題もあり、母獣に影響を与えずに胎仔の発育のみを促進させるという方法は見出せない現状にある。
しかしながら、新生仔の体重が普通の新生仔の平均体重を上回っているならば、飼料給与における損失を全く考慮する必要がなく、さらに、栄養価の高い飼料を給与することにより、家畜としての経済価値を一層高めることは明らかである。
【0004】
また、牛乳、人乳、山羊乳、羊乳等、哺乳類の乳を陽イオン交換体等で処理することにより得られ、主としてラクトフェリンやラクトパーオキシダーゼ等からなる塩基性タンパク質組成物が知られている。この塩基性タンパク質組成物は、リジン、ヒスチジン、アルギニン等の塩基性アミノ酸を比較的多量に含有しているという特徴を有する。そして、この塩基性タンパク質組成物が、骨芽細胞増殖活性及び破骨細胞骨吸収抑制活性を示し、経口的投与により骨を強化する作用を有することが知られている (特開平8-151331号公報) 。
一方、本発明者等は、乳又は乳由来の原料を陽イオン交換樹脂に接触処理して得られる、等電点が 7.5〜11で、構成アミノ酸として塩基性アミノ酸を10重量%以上含有している乳由来の塩基性タンパク質組成物が、骨芽細胞増進促進、骨強化及び骨吸収作用を有しており、これを飲食品、医薬又は飼料として利用できることを先に出願 (特願平8- 28459号) したが、本発明者はさらに乳由来の塩基性タンパク質組成物が家畜飼料に胎仔発育促進効果を有することを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
即ち、本発明者等は、上述したような家畜新生仔の体重に関わる問題に注目し、妊娠母獣に経口的投与することにより、胎仔の発育を促進することができるような物質を求めて、鋭意研究を進めていたところ、上記塩基性タンパク質組成物を妊娠母獣に経口的投与することで、母体に無理なく胎仔の発育を選択的に促進することができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
したがって、本発明は、乳由来の塩基性タンパク質組成物を有効成分とする胎仔発育促進剤を提供することを課題とする。
また、本発明は、乳由来の塩基性タンパク質組成物を配合して胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した家畜飼料を提供することを課題とする。
なお、本発明でいう家畜とは、牛、馬、豚、山羊、羊、犬、猫、ミンク等である。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明では、胎仔発育促進剤の有効成分として塩基性タンパク質組成物を使用するものであり、家畜飼料に胎仔発育促進効果を賦与するために塩基性タンパク質組成物を配合する。
この塩基性タンパク質組成物は、上述のように公知のもので、例えば乳又は乳由来の原料を陽イオン交換樹脂に接触させた後、樹脂に吸着した画分を塩濃度 0.1〜2.0molの溶出液で溶出することにより得られる画分を、(i) 80℃以上で加熱するか、(ii)最終濃度が10〜50%となるようにアルコールを添加するか、(iii) 最終濃度が0.2mol以上となるまで塩類を添加するかのいずれかの方法で生ずる沈澱を除去し、上清を回収するか、又は前記した塩濃度 0.1〜2.0molの溶出液で溶出した画分を、分画分子量30,000以上の限外濾過膜で処理し、透過側の溶液を回収することにより得られ、乳中に微量にしか存在しない塩基性タンパク質画分を分画したもので、SDS−ポリアクリルアミド電気泳動による分子量分布は、 2,000〜24,000ダルトンであり、等電点は 7.5〜11である乳由来の塩基性タンパク質組成物であって、構成アミノ酸として、好ましくは塩基性アミノ酸を10重量%以上含有するものである。
なお、本発明の上記塩基性タンパク質組成物を得るための乳としては、牛乳、人乳、山羊乳、羊乳を挙げることができ、これらの乳をそのまま、あるいは、これらの乳の還元乳、脱脂乳、ホエー等を使用すれば良い。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の塩基性タンパク質組成物を有効成分とする胎仔発育促進剤は、粉末や錠剤等の形態で、直接、妊娠母獣に経口投与する。また、塩基性タンパク質組成物を胎仔発育促進剤として配合し、胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した家畜飼料を妊娠母獣に経口投与する。このように、妊娠母獣に本発明の胎仔発育促進剤や胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した家畜飼料を経口投与することにより、胎仔の発育を促進することができる。そして、未熟仔出産を防止したり、新生仔の体重増加に寄与することができる。
なお、妊娠母獣に本発明の胎仔発育促進剤や胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した家畜飼料を投与するに際しては、一日当たり、塩基性タンパク質組成物を 0.1g/kg程度摂取できるよう考慮して投与すれば良い。また、塩基性タンパク質組成物を配合して家畜飼料に胎仔発育促進効果を賦与するためには、塩基性タンパク質組成物を 0.1〜1.0 重量%の割合で家畜飼料に配合することが好ましい。
【0008】
次に、実施例及び試験例を示し、本発明をさらに詳しく説明する。
【実施例1】
陽イオン交換樹脂(スルホン化キトパール;富士紡績製)を充填したカラムに脱脂乳 50 l を通液した後、2mol塩化ナトリウム水溶液を通液し、樹脂に吸着した塩基性タンパク質を溶出して回収した。そして、この塩基性タンパク質を含む溶出液をゲル濾過して、分子量 2,000〜20,000の画分を回収し、凍結乾燥して、塩基性タンパク質組成物 23gを得た。このようにして得られた塩基性タンパク質組成物の成分組成を表1に示す。
【0009】
【表1】

Figure 0003933273
【0010】
【試験例1】
実施例1で得られた塩基性タンパク質組成物を妊娠ラットに投与して、胎仔発育促進効果を調べた。すなわち、妊娠1週目(プラーク確認後1週目)のSD系妊娠ラットを4匹ずつ対照群及び試験群の2群に分け、出産までの約2週間、対照飼料又は試験飼料を投与した。各飼料の組成を表2に示す。なお、試験飼料については1日当たり 30gの制限給餌とし、水は水道水を自由摂取させた。
【0011】
【表2】
Figure 0003933273
* :ビタミン混合及びミネラル混合については、AIN-76組成に準拠した。
そして、出産直後の新生仔の体重を測定した。その結果を表3に示す。
【0012】
【表3】
Figure 0003933273
この試験では、両群の出産仔数に大きな差が生じたため、共分散分析により評価した。その結果、試験群の新生仔体重は、対照群の新生仔体重より有意に上昇しており、塩基性タンパク質組成物が胎仔発育促進効果を発揮することが明らかとなった。なお、試験期間中においては、母獣に何ら病態的な変化は認められなかった。
【0013】
【実施例2】
実施例1で得られた塩基性タンパク質組成物を配合して、表4に示したような胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した多胎動物である豚用飼料を製造した。
【0014】
【表4】
Figure 0003933273
【0015】
この飼料を妊娠した豚に投与して、胎仔発育促進効果を調べたところ、新生仔体重は平均的な新生仔体重よりも上昇していた。なお、母獣には何ら病態的な変化は認められなかった。
【0016】
【実施例3】
実施例1で得られた塩基性タンパク質組成物を配合して、表5に示したような胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した単胎動物である牛用飼料を製造した。
【0017】
【表5】
Figure 0003933273
【0018】
この飼料を妊娠した牛に投与して、胎仔発育促進効果を調べたところ、新生仔体重は平均的な新生仔体重よりも上昇していた。なお、母獣には何ら病態的な変化は認められなかった。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明の胎仔発育促進剤及び胎仔発育促進効果を賦与した家畜飼料は、妊娠母獣の日常的な経口摂取により、極めて安全に胎仔発育促進効果を発揮する。したがって、未熟仔出産を防止することができると共に、新生仔の体重増加に寄与して家畜としての経済価値を一層高めることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fetal growth promoting agent that is administered to a pregnant mother and promotes the growth of a fetus, and a livestock feed provided with a fetal growth promoting effect.
Since the fetal growth promoting agent of the present invention or the livestock feed to which the fetal growth promoting effect is imparted can promote the fetal growth in the pregnant mother, it is extremely useful when breeding livestock.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, efficient production of livestock products has been demanded, and how to prevent losses in breeding and breeding of livestock has become an important issue. In animals including livestock, if the weight of a newborn born is lighter than the average weight of a normal newborn, it is said that the weight difference will not be resolved if the subsequent food environment is the same. ing.
The problem of the birth of newborns, especially premature pups, that are lighter than the average weight of normal newborns is also affected by the number of offspring in the case of multiple fetuses. In general, the greater the number of offspring, the greater the chance of giving birth to a premature offspring. And this immature baby may impair the economic value as a domestic animal remarkably. Moreover, even in the case of normal birth, the weight per pup is lighter than the average weight of a normal newborn. Therefore, in order to recover the weight of such a newborn baby to a normal weight, it is necessary to provide a feed with a higher nutritional value, which contributes to a decrease in production efficiency.
[0003]
Currently, the response to premature pups in livestock breeding is focused only on symptomatic feed feeding. In addition, as a means to prevent premature babies, drug prescriptions such as maintenance of pregnancy by hormonal administration are mainly used, but prescription by veterinarians is necessary to administer drugs, and the cost required is also high. It has become a thing. In addition, there are ways to prevent the birth of premature babies and to promote fetal growth by feeding the dams, but excessive feeding of nutritious feed during gestation is not a delivery accident. There is also a problem that it is easy to wake up, and there is no way to find a way to promote only fetal development without affecting the mother animal.
However, if the weight of the newborn exceeds the average weight of a normal newborn, there is no need to consider any loss in feed supply. It is clear that the value is further increased.
[0004]
Further, a basic protein composition mainly obtained from lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase and the like, which is obtained by treating mammalian milk such as cow's milk, human milk, goat milk, sheep milk, etc. with a cation exchanger or the like, is known. . This basic protein composition is characterized by containing a relatively large amount of basic amino acids such as lysine, histidine, and arginine. This basic protein composition is known to exhibit osteoblast proliferation activity and osteoclast bone resorption inhibition activity, and to have an effect of strengthening bone by oral administration (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-153131). (Publication).
On the other hand, the present inventors have obtained an isoelectric point of 7.5 to 11 obtained by subjecting milk or a milk-derived raw material to a cation exchange resin, and contain 10% by weight or more of a basic amino acid as a constituent amino acid. The basic protein composition derived from milk has an application for promoting osteoblast enhancement, bone strengthening and bone resorption, which can be used as food, drink, medicine or feed (Japanese Patent Application No. 8- However, the present inventors have further found that a milk-derived basic protein composition has an effect of promoting fetal growth in livestock feed, and has completed the present invention.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
That is, the present inventors have focused on the problems related to the weight of newborn livestock as described above, and have been seeking a substance that can promote fetal growth by oral administration to pregnant mothers. As a result of extensive research, it was found that oral administration of the above basic protein composition to a pregnant mother can selectively promote fetal development without unreasonable effects on the mother's body, completing the present invention. It came to do.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fetal growth promoter containing a milk-derived basic protein composition as an active ingredient.
Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the livestock feed which mix | blended the milk-derived basic protein composition and provided the fetal growth promotion effect.
The livestock referred to in the present invention includes cows, horses, pigs, goats, sheep, dogs, cats, minks and the like.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a basic protein composition is used as an active ingredient of a fetal growth promoting agent, and the basic protein composition is blended in order to impart a fetal growth promoting effect to livestock feed.
This basic protein composition is known as described above. For example, after milk or a milk-derived material is brought into contact with a cation exchange resin, the fraction adsorbed on the resin is eluted at a salt concentration of 0.1 to 2.0 mol. The fraction obtained by elution with a liquid is either (i) heated at 80 ° C. or higher, (ii) alcohol is added so that the final concentration is 10 to 50%, or (iii) the final concentration is 0.2 Precipitate generated by either method of adding salt until mol or more is removed and the supernatant is recovered, or the fraction eluted with the eluate having the salt concentration of 0.1 to 2.0 mol is fractionated. SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis is a fraction of the basic protein fraction obtained by treating with an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight of 30,000 or more and collecting the solution on the permeate side and present only in trace amounts in milk. The molecular weight distribution according to is 2,000-24,000 daltons, and the isoelectric point is 7.5-11. It is a basic protein composition derived from milk, and preferably contains 10% by weight or more of a basic amino acid as a constituent amino acid.
Examples of the milk for obtaining the basic protein composition of the present invention include cow milk, human milk, goat milk, and sheep milk. These milks can be used as they are, or reduced milk of these milks, Nonfat milk, whey, etc. may be used.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fetal growth promoter comprising the basic protein composition of the present invention as an active ingredient is orally administered directly to a pregnant mother in the form of a powder or a tablet. In addition, a livestock feed formulated with a basic protein composition as a fetal growth promoter and given a fetal growth promoting effect is orally administered to a pregnant mother. As described above, fetal growth can be promoted by orally administering the fetal growth promoting agent of the present invention or a livestock feed imparted with fetal growth promoting effects to pregnant mothers. And it can prevent the birth of premature babies or contribute to the weight gain of newborns.
When administering the fetal growth promoting agent of the present invention or the livestock feed imparted with fetal growth promoting effect to pregnant mothers, it is administered taking into account that the basic protein composition can be ingested at about 0.1 g / kg per day. Just do it. Moreover, in order to mix | blend a basic protein composition and to give fetus growth promotion effect to livestock feed, it is preferable to mix | blend basic protein composition with livestock feed in the ratio of 0.1 to 1.0 weight%.
[0008]
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and test examples.
[Example 1]
After 50 l of skimmed milk was passed through a column packed with cation exchange resin (sulfonated chitopearl; manufactured by Fujibo), 2 mol aqueous sodium chloride solution was passed through to elute and recover the basic protein adsorbed on the resin. . Then, the eluate containing the basic protein was subjected to gel filtration to collect a fraction having a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 and freeze-dried to obtain 23 g of a basic protein composition. The component composition of the basic protein composition thus obtained is shown in Table 1.
[0009]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003933273
[0010]
[Test Example 1]
The basic protein composition obtained in Example 1 was administered to pregnant rats and examined for fetal growth promoting effects. That is, SD pregnant rats at the first week of pregnancy (one week after plaque confirmation) were divided into two groups of 4 control groups and a test group, and the control feed or test feed was administered for about 2 weeks until delivery. Table 2 shows the composition of each feed. The test feed was restricted to 30 g per day, and tap water was freely consumed.
[0011]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003933273
* : Vitamin and mineral mixes conform to AIN-76 composition.
And the weight of the newborn immediately after giving birth was measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0012]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003933273
In this study, there was a large difference in the number of offspring between the two groups, which were evaluated by covariance analysis. As a result, the newborn weight of the test group was significantly higher than the newborn weight of the control group, and it was revealed that the basic protein composition exerts the fetal growth promoting effect. During the study period, no pathological changes were observed in the mother animal.
[0013]
[Example 2]
The basic protein composition obtained in Example 1 was blended to produce a feed for pigs, which is a multiple animal that gave fetal growth promoting effects as shown in Table 4.
[0014]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003933273
[0015]
When this feed was administered to pregnant pigs and the fetal growth promoting effect was examined, the newborn weight was higher than the average newborn weight. There were no pathological changes in the dams.
[0016]
[Example 3]
The basic protein composition obtained in Example 1 was blended to produce a feed for cattle, which is a single animal with a fetal growth promoting effect as shown in Table 5.
[0017]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003933273
[0018]
When this feed was administered to pregnant cows and the fetal growth promoting effect was examined, the newborn weight was higher than the average newborn weight. There were no pathological changes in the dams.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
The fetal growth promoting agent of the present invention and the livestock feed provided with the fetal growth promoting effect exhibit the fetal growth promoting effect extremely safely by daily oral intake of the pregnant mother. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent premature babies from being born and contribute to the weight gain of newborns, further increasing the economic value of livestock.

Claims (1)

等電点が 7.5〜11で、構成アミノ酸として塩基性アミノ酸を10重量%以上含有した乳由来の塩基性タンパク質組成物を用いることを特徴とする胎仔発育促進剤。  A fetal growth promoter characterized by using a milk-derived basic protein composition having an isoelectric point of 7.5 to 11 and containing 10% by weight or more of a basic amino acid as a constituent amino acid.
JP28116297A 1997-09-30 1997-09-30 Livestock feed Expired - Fee Related JP3933273B2 (en)

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