JP3929445B2 - Drying equipment using pressure air injection - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is mainly used for drying a high moisture content moist raw material containing a large amount of sugar such as onion, and in addition, organic waste such as residue of foods such as apples and vegetables and sewer sludge. The present invention relates to a drying apparatus using pressure air jet that can be used in on-site drying processing of products, processing cleaning waste liquid drying processing such as resist waste generated in the electronics industry, and drying processing at the time of food and drug production.

  In recent years, the momentum for recycling and recycling of organic waste has increased in building a regional recycling society. Particularly in food waste, an on-site treatment apparatus is essential from the viewpoint of preventing corruption. In conventional drying or fermentation type treatment apparatuses, it is difficult to treat high moisture content sludge such as food sludge, and the cost burden on the apparatus introduction side is often increased. Therefore, conventionally, a jet burner type dryer using a high-temperature and high-pressure jet stream has been used. Also, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-337491, a steam flow adjusting unit that adjusts a steam flow by supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the outside and the other end of the steam flow adjusting unit There has been proposed a steam jet jet injection apparatus including a nozzle having a throat which is provided in the nozzle and has a throat for jetting steam in a supersonic flow, and a heat insulating member attached around the steam flow adjusting unit. Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-74370, pressure air injection means for injecting pressure air onto a dry object and pulverizing, dispersing and drying the dry object by kinetic energy of the air pressure. Has been proposed.

  However, in such a conventionally proposed apparatus, for example, in the case of a jet burner type dryer, the apparatus itself is very expensive due to the high-temperature and high-pressure jet flow, and the maintenance cost is also expensive because the life of parts is short. . Further, in the case of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-337491, since it is a drying device using a steam jet jet system equipped with a steam flow adjusting unit for adjusting the steam flow, the problem of the jet burner has been solved in maintenance and the like. However, problems such as deterioration of drying efficiency due to reattachment of vapor remain in cases where the dryness is high. Furthermore, since the opening shape of the injection nozzle is round and singular, there is a possibility that the effect of pulverization / dispersion by the shock wave generated along with the supersonic flow may not be sufficiently obtained. Furthermore, in the case of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-74370, it is assumed that the drying efficiency is improved by 30 to 50% compared to the steam jet by replacing the jet jet fluid with steam and using pressurized air. Applications are narrow because dried products are limited to fine solids, solutions and slurries. In consideration of the total drying cost, it is important to reduce the cost required for generating the pressure air, but it is still not fully solved.

  Therefore, the applicant himself can improve the efficiency of the pressure-air jet type drying apparatus, reduce the cost burden on the apparatus introduction side, and the waste treatment cost and environmental load are the conventional treatment method. The pressure air injection device and the drying device using the same that can be widely used from liquids such as sludge to solids are already filed.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressure air supply device 3 that generates high-pressure air and supplies the pressure air to the pressure air injection unit 12 of the drying cylinder 6 through the heat exchanger 5, fuel, and outside air Was used to generate hot air, and the hot air generating device 4 provided with the hot air generating device 4 for supplying the hot air to the hot air ejecting portion 13 disposed around the pressurized air ejecting portion 12 of the drying cylinder 6 was used. In the drying apparatus 1, the pressure air injection device 11 includes a drying cylinder connected to the hot air generation device 4, and a pressure air injection unit 12 having a plurality of Laval tubular nozzles connected to the pressure air supply device 3. 6 is made to face the hot air jet part 13 inside, and the opening shape of the jetting opening part 12A of the nozzle is formed in an elongated shape.

Further, a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated and separated from the cyclone 7 and released into the atmosphere is circulated to each of the object P to be dried from the treatment product supply device 2 and the pressure air from the pressure air supply device 3. It includes a heat exchanger 5 that applies heat energy, is sent to the hot air generator 4 and is heated again, and then supplied to the hot air jet section 13 of the drying cylinder 6.
JP 10-337491 A JP 2001-74370 A

  However, the conventional drying apparatus 1 uses the pressure air injection device 11 including the hot air generating device 4 that supplies the hot air to the hot air injection unit 13 disposed around the pressure air injection unit 12 of the drying cylinder 6. By introducing the material to be dried P across from the upper side to the lower side in front of the injection unit 12 and the hot air injection unit 13, the material to be dried P is simultaneously dried, and at the same time by the pressure air from the nozzle of the pressure air injection unit 12 The material to be dried P is pulverized and diffused by a supersonic flow of gas generated by a jet and a shock wave. For this reason, for example, when drying a high moisture content wet raw material containing a large amount of sugar such as onion, for example, if the pulverized particle size is less than 5 mm, there is a lot of surface moisture of the onion, and this contains a lot of sugar. Adhesion of sugar to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 6 becomes violent, which may hinder continuous operation for a long time. Moreover, since the pulverization / diffusion of the material P to be dried with a supersonic flow of a gas by a jet of pressurized air and a shock wave is performed simultaneously with the drying with hot air, for example, when the pulverized particle size is larger than 15 mm, the outer periphery of the onion piece Even when the drying quality is uneven, such as the over-drying and the central part becoming undried, it is inevitable.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to minimize the amount of sugar adhering to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 6 when drying a high moisture content moist raw material containing a large amount of sugar, such as onion, for a long time. An object of the present invention is to provide a drying apparatus using a pressurized air jet that can reliably dry the material to be dried P without hindering operation and without causing unevenness in dry quality.

A drying apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above object will be described with reference to the drawings.
That is, the drying device 1 according to the present invention includes a pressure air injection device that injects pressure air onto the material to be dried P carried into the drying cylinder 6 to pulverize, disperse and transfer the material to be dried. A charging port 14A is provided inwardly of the inner wall of the drying cylinder so as to input the material to be dried P into the drying cylinder 6. A pressurized air injection unit 12 provided at one position adjacent to the charging port 14A is provided. Furthermore, the opening 13A of the hot air injection part 13 provided in the other adjacent position of the said inlet 14A is provided. The material to be dried P fed into the cylinder 6 from the inlet 14A is sent in the direction of the pressure air injection part opening 12A by hot air from the hot air injection part 13, and the material to be dried P is pulverized, dispersed and transferred. It is configured to let you.
The drying cylinder 6 is a cylindrical cylinder, and the hot air injection unit 13 and the pressurized air injection unit 12 are connected to the drying cylinder 6 at an angle at which a swirling flow is generated in the drying cylinder 6.
The pressure air injection unit 12 is a Laval tubular nozzle connected to a pressure air supply device, and is opposite to the inlet 14A with respect to the opening position of the hot air injection unit 13 inside the drying cylinder connected to the hot air generation device. It faces the position.
The material to be dried is pulverized to a constant particle size within a range of 5 mm to 15 mm, and then charged and dried.

In the drying apparatus 1 using the pressurized air injection according to the present invention configured as described above, the pulverizing means (2A) has a range of 5 mm to 15 mm for the object to be dried P before being put into the drying cylinder 6. By pulverizing to a constant particle size, the amount of sugar attached to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 6 is minimized.
In addition, the hot air injection unit 13 provided at the other adjacent position of the charging port 14A makes the hot air generated from coming into contact with the material to be dried P fed into the drying cylinder 6 from the charging port 14A, and On the other hand, the pressurized air injection unit 12 provided in the adjacent position evaporates to some extent until the surface moisture of the material P to be dried reaches the inner wall surface of the drying cylinder 6 by the high-temperature, high-speed, and high-pressure airflow injected thereby. .

  According to the present invention, for example, when drying a high moisture content wet raw material containing a large amount of sugar such as onion, the amount of sugar adhering to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 6 can be minimized, and continuous operation for a long time. Therefore, the material to be dried P can be surely dried without causing any problems in drying quality and without causing unevenness in drying quality. In addition, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the pressure-air jet type drying apparatus 1 and reduce the cost burden on the apparatus introduction side, and further, the waste processing cost and the environmental load are lower than those of the conventional processing system. In addition, the drying apparatus 1 using the pressure air jet can be provided which is very advantageous and can cope with a wide range from a liquid such as sludge to a solid.

  Moreover, it is possible to solve the problem of economic efficiency of waste dischargers at once, and further promote regional circulation type processing, which can contribute to the activation of local industries. And the recycling rate of organic waste can be improved, and it can also contribute to the reduction of the amount of carbon dioxide emission. Moreover, it can promote the conversion of food waste to feed and contribute to the improvement of the feed self-sufficiency, and has enabled solid crushing / diffusion and immediate drying, which was difficult with the prior art.

  Note that the reference numerals added in the means for solving the above-described problems and the effects of the invention are given for easy reference to the parts showing the components shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the structure / shape indicated by the reference numeral.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram of pulverizing and diffusing a material to be dried P, which is a wet material having a high water content and containing a large amount of sugar such as onion. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the drying apparatus for drying. As shown in FIG. 1, the drying device 1 includes a processed product supply device 2, a pressurized air supply device 3, a hot air generator 4, a heat exchanger 5, and a drying cylinder 6 including a pressurized air injection unit 12. , And cyclone 7.

  The processed product supply device 2 inputs a high moisture content dried product P containing a large amount of sugar into the drying cylinder 6 through the heat exchanger 5. As crushing means, for example, a crusher 2A for crushing the material to be dried P to a constant particle size in the range of 5 mm to 15 mm and a hopper 2B for sending the crushed material to be dried P into the heat exchanger 5 are provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the pulverized material P to be dried is conveyed by the screw feeder 17 in the charging passage 14, and is charged into the drying cylinder 6 through the charging port 14A.

The pressure air supply device 3 is a device for generating high-pressure air having a pressure of, for example, 3 to 5 kgf / cm ² or more and supplying the pressure air to the pressure air injection unit 12 of the drying cylinder 6 via the heat exchanger 5. This is an apparatus for pulverizing, dispersing and transferring the material to be dried P by the kinetic energy of the pressure air. And the pressure air injection part 12 is provided in one adjacent position of the inlet 14A provided toward the inner side from the inner wall of the drying cylinder 6 so as to input the material to be dried P into the drying cylinder 6 having the head 6t and the bottom 6b. It has been. The pressure air injection unit 12 includes a Laval tubular nozzle connected to the pressure air supply device 3, and the hot air injection unit 13 side inside the drying cylinder 6 connected to the hot air generation device 4 with respect to the inlet 14A. Is on the other side.

  The hot air generator 4 generates hot air of about 150 to 300 ° C., for example, by supplying fuel and outside air, and supplies the hot air to the hot air injection unit 13 inside the one end side of the drying cylinder 6 via the fan 4A. The hot air injection unit 13 is configured to bring the hot air generated from now on into contact with the object to be dried P fed into the drying cylinder 6 from the inlet 14A. Then, the surface moisture of the material P to be dried reaches the inner wall surface of the drying cylinder 6 by the high-temperature, high-speed, and high-pressure air stream ejected from the above-described pressurized air ejecting unit 12 provided at one position adjacent to the inlet 14A It can be evaporated to some extent.

  The heat exchanger 5 is intended to save energy by reusing heat energy by circulating a part of high-temperature exhaust gas having a temperature of about 100 ° C. that is generated and separated from the cyclone 7 and released into the atmosphere. Yes, after applying thermal energy to the material P to be dried from the treated product supply device 2 and the pressure air from the pressurized air supply device 3, it is sent to the hot air generator 4 where it is heated again to about 300 ° C. or more. After that, the hot air jet section 13 of the drying cylinder 6 is supplied through the fan 4A.

  With respect to the opening position of the hot-air injection unit 13 inside the drying cylinder 6 connected to the hot-air generating device 4, as shown in FIGS. The pressure air injection part 12 which makes a tubular nozzle arrange | position at the one end opening side of a cylinder body is made to face. The nozzle opening 12 </ b> A of the nozzle is arranged toward the inside of the drying cylinder 6. The other end opening side of the pressure air injection unit 12 is connected to the pressure air supply device 3 via the heat exchanger 5. (Figure 1)

  This Laval tubular nozzle first accelerates the gas through a nozzle whose cross-section becomes smaller, reaches the speed of sound at the position where the cross-section is minimum, and then expands the cross-section of the nozzle to expand the gas. This is a well-known structure in which a supersonic flow is obtained by further accelerating. If the flow rate of the gas passing through the nozzle is a special value and the pressure at the nozzle ejection opening 12A is lower than the outside pressure, the gas outflow becomes discontinuous and the edge of the nozzle ejection opening 12A. An oblique shock wave is generated. At this time, the gas is strongly compressed inward by the external pressure from the outer peripheral portion of the gas flow, but a steady shock wave is generated from the ejection opening 12A of the nozzle only when the strength is not so high. In this way, the gas is jetted from the jet opening 12A as a jet jet having a cutting edge-like pulse waveform that repeatedly expands and contracts while generating oblique shock waves from the edge of the rectangular jet opening 12A of the nozzle, This gaseous supersonic flow and shock waves are used for pulverization and diffusion of the material P to be dried.

  Further, the nozzle opening 12A is formed in an elongated shape such as a substantially rectangular shape so as to reduce the opening area, thereby reducing the consumption of pressurized air, which is a jet gas. . At this time, the cross-sectional area of the nozzle ejection opening 12A is set so that the pressure at the nozzle ejection opening 12A position is lower than the outside pressure according to the set flow rate of the gas passing through the nozzle. Yes.

  In the present embodiment, the most preferable opening shape of the nozzle ejection opening 12A is a substantially rectangular shape, but the present invention is not limited to this shape. For example, an oval shape, an oval shape, Various shapes such as a spindle shape, a flat diamond shape, a drum shape, and a wedge shape can also be set. In short, in the present invention, the opening shape of the ejection opening 12A is not a circular shape as in the prior art, but an elongated shape. It is good.

  The cyclone 7 is a device for separating the solid content of the dried material P after treatment and the exhaust gas content by centrifugal force, and the solid content is recycled as, for example, compost, fertilizer, feed, etc. The part is returned to the heat exchanger 5 so as to contribute to the heating of the object P to be dried from the processed material supply device 2 and the pressure air from the pressure air supply device 3, respectively. Instead of the cyclone 7, a back filter type separation and collection device that separates the material P to be dried into solid content and exhaust gas may be used.

  Next, in order to describe an example of use and operation of the embodiment configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, high-pressure air is generated by the pressure-air supply device 3, and this pressure air is heated. The air is supplied to the pressurized air injection unit 12 of the drying cylinder 6 through the exchanger 5. At the same time, hot air is generated by the hot air generator 4, and this hot air is supplied to the hot air jet section 13 inside the drying cylinder 6 through the fan 4 </ b> A. At this time, the pressure air is jetted from the jet opening 12A as a jet jet having a cutting edge-like pulse waveform that repeats expansion and contraction while generating an oblique shock wave from the edge of the rectangular jet opening 12A of the nozzle. .

Then, for example, the material to be dried P is pulverized to a constant particle size within a range of 5 mm to 15 mm by the crusher 2A as the pulverizing means in the processed material supply apparatus 2, and then the material to be dried P is input to the drying cylinder 6 through the heat exchanger 5. Sequentially supplied into the drying cylinder 6 from the mouth 14A. In this way, the hot air injection section 13A (see FIG. 3) provided at the other adjacent position of the inlet 14A brings the hot hot air 13 ′ generated from this into contact with the material to be dried P fed into the drying cylinder 6 from the inlet 14A. . The pressurized air injection unit 12A provided at one position adjacent to the inlet 14A pulverizes the material P to be dried with a supersonic flow and a shock wave of gas generated by the high-temperature, high-speed, and high-pressure air flow injected thereby. Spread. At the same time, the surface moisture of the material to be dried P is evaporated to some extent until it reaches the inner wall surface of the drying cylinder 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the material to be dried P pushed by the hot air 13 'rises while turning clockwise and is taken out via the dry material discharge pipe 15 (FIGS. 1, 2, and 4).
In FIG. 4, 6c shows the center of the drying cylinder. The hot air injection direction 13 ′ has an angle of θ ₁₃ with respect to the radius, and the pressurized air injection direction 12 ′ has an angle of θ ₁₄ with respect to the radius.

  After the treatment by the drying cylinder 6, the material to be dried P is sent to the cyclone 7 through the pipe 15, where the solid matter and the exhaust gas content of the material to be dried P after the treatment are separated by centrifugal force. The solid content falls downward to obtain a dried onion product, or the dried onion is recycled as compost, fertilizer, feed or the like. On the other hand, a part of the exhaust gas is returned to the heat exchanger 5, and after applying thermal energy to the material P to be dried from the treated product supply device 2 and the pressure air from the pressure air supply device 3, the hot air generator 4 is heated there again, and then supplied to the hot air jet section 13 of the drying cylinder 6 through the fan 4A.

It is a block diagram of the drying apparatus which shows the best form for implementing this invention. It is a plane sectional view of the lower part of the drying cylinder of the drying device. It is a partially cutaway perspective view of the lower part of the drying cylinder of the drying device. It is a side view of the drying cylinder of the drying device. A prior art example is shown, (a) is a block diagram of a drying device, (b) is a sectional view of a pressure air injection device, and (c) is a front view of a pressure air injection unit.

Explanation of symbols

P Dried material (raw material)
1 Drying device 2 Processed product supply device 2A Crusher (pulverization means)
2B Hopper 3 Pressure Air Supply Device 4 Hot Air Generation Device 5 Heat Exchanger 6 Drying Tube 6t Drying Tube Head 6b Drying Tube Bottom 7 Cyclone 11 Pressure Air Injection Device 12 Pressure Air Injection Unit 12A Ejection Opening Portion 13 Hot Air Injection Unit 14 Input Passage 14A Input port 15 Dry material discharge tube 17 Screw feeder

Claims (3)

In a drying apparatus for drying the material to be dried by spraying pressure air onto the material to be dried carried into the drying cylinder,
An input port provided inward from the inner wall of the drying cylinder so as to input an object to be dried into the drying cylinder;
A pressure air injection section provided at one position adjacent to the inlet;
A hot air injection section provided at the other adjacent position of the inlet;
Provided,
The object to be dried fed into the cylinder from the inlet is sent in the direction of opening the pressure air injection part by hot air from the hot air injection part, and the object to be dried is crushed, dispersed and dried. A drying apparatus characterized by that.   The pressure air injection according to claim 1, wherein the drying cylinder is a cylindrical cylinder, and the hot air injection section and the pressure air injection section are connected to the cylinder at an angle at which a swirl flow is generated in the cylinder. Drying equipment.   The pressure air injection unit is a Laval tubular nozzle connected to the pressure air supply device, and faces the hot air injection unit position inside the drying cylinder connected to the hot air generation device so as to face the position opposite to the inlet. A drying apparatus using the pressurized air jet according to claim 1.

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