JP3926705B2 - A subjective optometry system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a subjective optometry system, and in particular, to an improvement of an optometry system including a subjective optometry unit and a display unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an operator such as an ophthalmologist measures various refractive characteristics of an eye to be examined using an optometry apparatus such as an objective refractometer or a subjective pigeon tester, and based on the obtained refractive characteristics, Prescription values such as the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C, and the axial angle A of the cylindrical axis of the spectacles suitable for this eye are determined.
[0003]
By the way, in recent years, as the above-described subjective optometry apparatus, a turret formed by arranging a large number of lenses having different refractive powers in a circumferential shape is provided inside the housing, and by rotating the turret by a predetermined angle, Any one of them is selectively placed in front of the eye to be examined, and a subjective optometry unit that detects and outputs the refractive characteristics of the lens placed in front of the eye to be examined, and outputs from this optometry unit A subjective optometry system has been developed that includes a display unit that displays the refraction characteristics and prescription values based on the refraction characteristics (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-346762, etc.).
[0004]
In addition, a motor drive device or the like is incorporated in the optometry unit, and the turret is driven to rotate by the motor drive device or the like. A subjective optometry system has also been developed.
[0005]
According to such a remote optometry system, the operator can select the lens of the optometry unit while checking the display on the display unit, and needs to rotate the turret close to the optometry unit. There is no.
[0006]
Therefore, the optometry work of the operator can be reduced, and the subject can also receive a relaxed examination because the operator does not operate the optometry unit by the side.
[0007]
By the way, although the refraction characteristic or the prescription value can be obtained by the above-described subjective optometry system, it is not always preferable to apply the prescription value or the like as it is as the refraction characteristic of the glasses actually prescribed.
[0008]
In other words, the prescription value obtained by the above-described optometry system is such that the subject can visually recognize, for example, the symbols and characters described in the vision test chart 5 m ahead through the selected lens of the optometry unit. It is determined based on whether or not, and is based on a visual acuity test in the far vision, so-called far vision examination.
[0009]
On the other hand, in an environment using actually prescribed glasses, not only far vision but also looking at characters such as newspapers at hand and checking the distortion of the foot, in such cases, Excessive adjustment is required, and the subject may feel extreme fatigue, dizziness or headache.
[0010]
Therefore, it is necessary to correct distance vision and near vision to some extent, and finally, after wearing a glasses-shaped trial frame on the subject's face, refractive characteristics close to the prescribed value These lenses are selectively mounted sequentially on the trial frame, listening to the distant and near vision, etc., and an adjustment test is performed to determine the final prescription value.
[0011]
However, there is a problem that it takes time to perform the far vision inspection and the adjustment inspection, and the time required for the inspection is also increased.
[0012]
In view of such circumstances, the inventors of the present application have developed an optometry system in which the optometry unit is significantly smaller than before so that the far vision test and the near vision test can be performed by a single optometry unit. developed.
[0013]
In other words, this optometry unit uses an Alvarez lens (ALVAREZ LENZ) as the lens, and the turret used in the conventional optometry unit is unnecessary, so that the optometry unit itself is worn by the subject. Can be significantly reduced in size and weight.
[0014]
In addition, by making it possible to wear, the subject can freely swing, and the degree of freedom from restraint can be improved.
[0015]
The Alvarez lens has one surface with x = A {(1/3) y ^Three + Yz ² } And two optical elements (for example, phase plates, etc.) each having a flat surface on the other surface.
[0016]
Then, the aspherical sides of these two optical elements are opposed to each other, kept at a position rotated by 180 °, and refracted by displacing (moving) them by the same displacement amount (movement amount) in opposite directions. The force can be changed continuously (US Pat. No. 3,305,294).
[0017]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when the size of the optometry unit is reduced to a size that can be worn by the subject, it is necessary to suppress the displacement amount of the two optical elements constituting the Alvarez lens to a certain upper limit value.
[0018]
On the other hand, the range width of the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens generally depends on the amount of displacement of the optical element. That is, in order to expand the range width of the refraction characteristics, it is generally necessary to ensure a large amount of displacement. In this case, the housing of the optometry unit that accommodates the optical element becomes large.
[0019]
Here, by devising the aspherical shape of the Alvarez lens, it is possible to obtain a refraction characteristic with a wider range width even with the same amount of displacement. Since the aspherical shape is a complex cubic curved surface, from the viewpoint of securing the accuracy of the surface shape and reducing the manufacturing cost, at present, for example, in order to ensure a range width of 20D, for example, range −10D (diopter) to + 10D The lower limit is about 12 mm.
[0020]
This range of refractive characteristics of −10D to + 10D is sufficient for general subjects, and is sufficient for a subjective optometry system.
[0021]
However, there are cases where a range that specifically exceeds the upper limit of this range or falls below the lower limit is required.
[0022]
Therefore, the inventors of the present application maintain the refractive characteristics range of the Alvarez lens as it is, and add a detachable shift lens that selectively shifts this range up and down, thereby improving the refractive characteristics of the entire optometry unit. Developed technology to expand the range.
[0023]
That is, as such a shift lens, for example, a -10D lens, a -5D lens, a + 5D lens, and a + 10D lens are prepared in advance, and one of these is selectively added, whereby an optometry unit is obtained. The overall range of refractive properties can be changed to -20D to ± 0D, -15D to + 5D, -5D to + 15D, or ± 0 to + 20D, and the overall range width can be substantially expanded. it can.
[0024]
However, when the shift lens is used in this way, the operator records the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens and the refractive characteristics of the shift lens on paper or the like, and uses an optical composite value of both refractive characteristics. It is necessary for the operator to calculate a certain refraction characteristic by himself / herself.
[0025]
In some cases, correct composite refraction characteristics cannot be obtained due to errors in recording or calculation errors.
[0026]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a subjective optometry system that can reduce an operator's inspection effort and can accurately obtain refractive characteristics.
[0027]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a subjective optometry system according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an optometry lens and a refraction characteristic changing means for changing the refraction characteristic of the lens. And a shift lens mounting portion for detachably mounting the shift lens among the lenses is formed. An optical optometry unit; a refraction characteristic detection means for detecting a refraction characteristic of the lens; and a display unit for displaying the refraction characteristic detected by the refraction characteristic detection means. e, The lens has a pair of optical elements, which are overlapped so as to be relatively displaceable, and continuously changing the refractive characteristics according to the relative displacement. Of the Alvarez lens and a plurality of single refraction shift lenses having different refraction characteristics. Shift lens mounted on the lens mounting section A combination lens consisting of The refraction characteristic detecting means is configured to detect the refraction characteristic of the Alvarez lens and For the shift lens mounting part The combined refraction characteristic with the refraction characteristic of the mounted shift lens is obtained, and the display unit displays the synthetic refraction characteristic obtained by the refraction characteristic detecting means.
[0028]
Here, the refraction characteristics refer to prescription values such as the spherical power S, the cylindrical power C, and the axial angle A of the cylindrical axis of the glasses, but these prescription values themselves may be used.
[0029]
The refraction characteristic detection means may be incorporated in the subjective optometry unit or the display unit, or may be separate from these.
[0030]
The Alvarez lens has one surface with x = A {(1/3) y ^Three + Yz ² } And two optical elements (for example, phase plates, etc.) each having a flat surface on the other surface.
[0031]
Then, the aspheric surfaces of these two optical elements are opposed to each other, kept at a position rotated by 180 °, and moved in the opposite direction by the same displacement, thereby continuously changing the refractive power. (US Pat. No. 3,305,294).
[0032]
Detachable means that it is detachable with respect to the optometry unit. When mounted on the optometry unit, the optical axis of the shift lens substantially coincides with the optical axis of the Alvarez lens. Preferably it is arranged.
[0033]
A shift lens having a single refractive characteristic is a lens whose refractive characteristics do not change, such as a + 10D lens, a + 5D lens, a −5D lens, and a −10D lens. This means a lens that is used in an auxiliary manner together with the Alvarez lens for the eye that cannot be corrected by the range.
[0034]
For this reason, it is not necessary to prepare all of the above-described shift lenses. For example, if there is a statistical tendency to deviate from the range of the Alvarez lens in the + direction, only a + 5D or + 10D lens need be prepared.
[0035]
According to the subjective optometry unit according to claim 1 of the present invention configured as described above, an Alvarez lens capable of continuously changing the refraction characteristics is used, and the displacement is the refraction characteristic changing means. Since the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens can be changed by relatively displacing the two optical elements constituting the Alvarez lens by means, a large number of lenses have been arranged as in the past. There is no need to provide a turret, and the subjective optometry unit can be reduced in size and weight.
[0036]
And by this size reduction and weight reduction, a subject can also see a hand and a foot using an optometry unit, and can use it as it is for not only a conventional far vision test but a near vision test.
[0037]
In addition, since the optometry unit can be worn by the subject, the subject can freely swing and improve the degree of freedom of restraint.
[0038]
Therefore, it is possible to perform an adjustment test that has been performed using a trial frame after a distance vision test using an optometry unit by using the optometry unit as it is, thereby reducing and reducing the inspection labor of an operator such as an ophthalmologist. The time can be shortened and the stress of the subject can be reduced.
[0039]
Furthermore, since the refractive index of the Alvarez lens can be continuously changed, the refractive characteristics can be obtained more finely than the conventional optometry unit that can obtain only the discrete refractive characteristics (for example, 0.25D intervals). Can do.
[0040]
In addition, if a refractive correction range that exceeds the upper limit of the refraction correction range by the Alvarez lens or falls below the lower limit is required, a shift lens is additionally attached to the optometry unit so as to conform to the refraction correction range. By doing so, it is possible to cope with a desired refraction correction range.
[0041]
Since the combined refractive characteristic of the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens and the refractive characteristic of the shift lens in the case of using the shift lens in this way is obtained by the refractive characteristic detection means and displayed on the display unit, It is not necessary for the operator himself to calculate and obtain the combined refraction characteristics of these two lenses, so that the burden on the operator can be reduced and the refraction characteristics (synthetic values) can always be obtained accurately.
[0042]
In addition, the subjective optometry system according to claim 2 of the present invention is the subjective optometry system according to claim 1, wherein the shift lens includes an identification unit that represents a refraction characteristic of the shift lens, The characteristic detecting means detects a refractive characteristic represented by an identification unit of the shift lens mounted on the mounting unit of the subjective optometry unit on which the shift lens is mounted.
[0043]
Here, the identification unit may be based on any system such as an optical system, an electrical system, a magnetic system, or a mechanical system.
[0044]
According to the subjective optometry system according to claim 2 of the present invention configured as described above, the refraction characteristic detection means is configured such that the refraction characteristic of the shift lens is based on the identification unit of the shift lens attached to the optometry unit. Is automatically detected, and there is no room for the operator to misidentify, and the refractive characteristics of the shift lens can be specified easily and reliably.
[0045]
The subjective optometry system according to claim 3 of the present invention is the subjective optometry system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refractive characteristic changing means relatively displaces the pair of optical elements by motor drive. Displacement means, and the refraction characteristic detection means includes a reference table in which the relative displacement amount and the refraction characteristic are associated in advance, and a displacement detection means for detecting the relative displacement amount, The refraction characteristic corresponding to the relative displacement detected by the displacement detection means is obtained by referring to the reference table, and the display unit includes a controller for controlling the motor drive of the displacement means. It is characterized by that.
[0046]
Here, the reference table may be created based on the experimental results obtained in advance, for example, by experimentally obtaining the relative displacement amount and the refraction characteristics obtained corresponding to the relative displacement amount. It may be held in a so-called look-up table (LUT) format, or may be held in a function format like a regression equation.
[0047]
According to the subjective optometry system according to claim 3 of the present invention configured as described above, the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens of the optometry unit can be changed by operating the controller provided in the display unit. The operator does not need to operate the optometry unit and can be operated remotely without approaching the subject.
[0048]
Therefore, the operator's inspection labor can be further reduced and the inspection time can be further shortened without stressing the subject.
[0049]
Further, the relative displacement between the optical elements is detected by the displacement detecting means constituting the refraction characteristic detecting means, and the detected relative displacement is compared with the relative displacement previously associated with the reference table. In contrast, refractive characteristics corresponding to this relative displacement can be easily obtained.
[0050]
In each of the above-described subjective optometry systems according to the present invention, when the refractive characteristic range width of the Alvarez lens is set to approximately 20D (for example, the range is −10D to + 10D), the normal Alvarez lens manufacturing technique is used. For example, the relative displacement width between the two optical elements is approximately 12 mm. With this displacement width, the movable range of the optical element is completely covered with the housing of the optometry unit. Even in this case, the size of the housing can be significantly smaller than that of the conventional turret-type housing.
[0051]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a subjective optometry system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0052]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a subjective optometry system according to the present invention.
[0053]
The illustrated subjective optometry system 100 includes a chart presentation device 10 that presents a chart for eyesight examination (hereinafter referred to as an optometry chart) 11, and a pigeon tester (between the subject and the chart presentation device 10). (Sensitive optometry unit) 20 and spherical power S, cylindrical power C and axial angle of the cylindrical axis, which are prescription values for spectacles corresponding to the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens etc. provided in the head unit 31 of this Pigeon Tester 20 And a display unit 50 for displaying A.
[0054]
Here, the chart presentation device 10 includes a plurality of types of optometry charts 11 corresponding to optometry of various refractive characteristics such as a Randall ring chart, a hiragana chart, an astigmatism chart, a red / green test chart, and a display unit described later. By operating a controller 53 built in 50, one or more of the plurality of types of optometry charts 11 are arbitrarily switched and presented.
[0055]
As shown in FIG. 2, the pigeon tester 20 includes a head unit 31 that is worn on the subject 80 by integrating a pair of left and right phoropters 31 a and 31 b respectively corresponding to the left and right eyeballs of the subject 80, and a head A balancer 32 for reducing the wearing weight of the unit 31, and a support arm 33 and a column 34 that support the head unit 31 and the balancer 32 from above are provided.
[0056]
Here, the head unit 31 is provided with a pair of left and right temples 35 and a nose pad 36 for wearing the head unit 31 on the face of the subject 80. It is configured to be appropriately adjustable according to the ear position and nose position of the subject 80.
[0057]
Further, at the rear end of each temple 35, a length-adjustable velcro strap 35b is provided which is wound around both the temples 35 and wound around the head of the subject 80. When worn on the subject 80, the head unit 31 is prevented from sliding off the subject's face.
[0058]
On both sides of the head unit 31, the head unit 31 is pivotally supported so as to be pivotable in the front-rear direction, and is connected to the other end of a support wire 38 having a balancer 32 connected to one end via a spring 39. A semi-annular belt-like support frame 37 is provided.
[0059]
Further, charts arranged in front of the respective phoropters 31a and 31b of the head unit 31 at positions corresponding to the respective eyeball positions of the subject 80 when the head unit 31 is worn on the subject 80. Optometrist windows 41 and 42 that allow the presentation device 10 to be visually recognized are formed.
[0060]
Further, an Alvarez lens 43 and a Vcc lens 44 are disposed inside these phoropters 31a and 31b.
[0061]
Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the Alvarez lens 43 is configured by a pair of two transparent optical elements (for example, phase plates) 43a and 43b overlapping each other, and the surface shape of these overlapping surfaces is , X = A {(1/3) y ^Three + Yz ² }, The two optical elements 43a and 43b are displaced up and down relatively in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis X, thereby moving the two optical elements 43a and 43b. The refractive power obtained by optical synthesis can be continuously changed.
[0062]
The maximum relative displacement Lmax in the vertical direction of both optical elements 43a and 43b in this embodiment is, for example, approximately 12 mm.
[0063]
Then, with this displacement of 12 mm, the spherical power S1 of the Alvarez lens 43 facing the optometry chart 11 through the optometry windows 41 and 42 of the phoropters 31a and 31b is continuously within a range of −10D (diopter) to + 10D. Change.
[0064]
Further, the two cylinder lenses 44a and 44b constituting the Vcc lens 44 disposed on the same axis X as the Alvarez lens 43 are rotated about the optical axis X, thereby allowing the two lens lenses 44a and 44b to pass through the optometry windows 41 and 42. Thus, the cylindrical power C of the Vcc lens 44 facing the optometry chart 11 and the axial angle A of the cylindrical axis are changed.
[0065]
Further, inside the head unit 31, a rack and pinion gear 43c and a motor 43d as displacement means for relatively moving the optical elements 43a and 43b of the Alvarez lens 43 up and down, and cylinder lenses 44a and 44b of the Vcc lens 44 are provided. The gear 44c and the motor 44d that are respectively rotated and displaced, the relative displacement L of the optical elements 43a and 43b displaced by the motors 43d and 44d, and the rotational displacements θ1 and θ2 of the cylinder lenses 44a and 44b, respectively, are set to predetermined standards. Detection means 43e and 44e for detecting the rotational displacement amount from the position are provided.
[0066]
As these detection means 43e and 44e, there are typically a detection system comprising an encoder and LED / photodiode provided in the rack and pinion gear 43c and the gear 44c, and other various known detection devices. Can be applied.
[0067]
The encoder may be a rotary encoder or a linear encoder.
[0068]
In addition, a shift lens mounting portion 46 that can alternatively be detachably mounted with a shift lens 45 that shifts the spherical power S uniformly on the surface of the optometry windows 41 and 42 that faces the chart presentation device 10. Is formed.
[0069]
The shift lens 45 mounted on the shift lens mounting unit 46 includes a lens having a spherical power S2 of + 10D, a + 5D lens, a ± 0 lens, a −5D lens, and a −10D lens. Two types are prepared in advance, and by combining one selected from these and the Alvarez lens 43, the Alvarez lens 43 facing the optometry chart 11 via the optometry windows 41 and 42 and the shift lens The combined spherical power S (= S1 + S2) of the lens 45 can be set to any of −20D to ± 0D, −15D to + 5D, −10D to + 10D, −5D to + 15D, and ± 0D to + 20D. In particular, the range width of the spherical power S of the Alvarez lens 43 can be expanded to a range of −20D to + 20D.
[0070]
Further, a different reflection pattern 45b for optically identifying each shift lens 45 is formed on a tab portion 45a of each shift lens 45 attached to the shift lens mounting portion 46.
[0071]
The shift lens mounting portion 46 is provided with a photodetector 48 that optically reads the reflection pattern 45b of the shift lens 45 mounted on the shift lens mounting portion 46, and corresponds to the reflection pattern 45b obtained by reading. The spherical power S2 is detected.
[0072]
The phoropters 31a and 31b of the head unit 31 move in the left-right direction so that the positions of the left and right eyeballs of the subject are matched with the left and right optometry windows 41, 42, that is, the distance between the pupils (PD). Can be adjusted.
[0073]
As shown in FIG. 4, the display unit 50 calculates the spherical power S1 of the Alvarez lens 43 based on the relative displacement L of the optical elements 43a and 43b detected by the detecting means 43e, and detects the light. The combined spherical power S, which is an optical composite value with the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45 detected by the detector 48, is calculated, and the rotational displacement amounts θ1, θ2 of the cylinder lenses 44a, 44b detected by the detecting means 44e. Based on the refractive index detector 52 for calculating the cylindrical power C of the Vcc lens 44 and the axial angle A of the cylindrical shaft, the calculated composite spherical power S, the cylindrical power C and the axial angle A of the cylindrical shaft, and And a display unit 51 for displaying a schematic diagram 12 or the like representing the type of the optometry chart 11 selectively presented on the chart presentation device 10.
[0074]
Here, the refraction characteristic detection unit 52 experimentally obtains the relative displacement amount L of the optical elements 43a and 43b and the spherical power S1 at the relative displacement amount L in advance, and both of these obtained L , S1 are stored in advance as a reference table 52a, and the spherical power S1 corresponding to the relative displacement L detected at the time of actual optometry is obtained with reference to the reference table 52a.
[0075]
Similarly, the refraction characteristic detection unit 52 experimentally determines the rotational displacement amounts θ1 and θ2 of the cylinder lenses 44a and 44b, the cylindrical power C and the axial angle A of the cylindrical shaft at the rotational displacement amounts θ1 and θ2. The two θ1 and θ2, C, and A thus obtained are stored in advance as a reference table 52a, and the cylinder power C and the cylinder axis corresponding to the rotational displacement amounts θ1 and θ2 detected during actual optometry are stored. The shaft angle A is obtained with reference to the reference table 52a.
[0076]
Further, the display unit 50 drives and controls a motor 43d for displacing the optical elements 43a and 43b and a motor 44d for rotationally displacing the cylinder lenses 44a and 44b, respectively, and an optometry chart 11 to be presented to the chart presentation device 10 is arbitrarily set. A controller 53 is built in which the display unit 51 displays the symbol 12 corresponding to the presented optometry chart 11 by selecting and switching.
[0077]
The support arm 33 and the support column 34 described above are fixed on a movable inspection desk 60, and the display unit 50 is also placed on the inspection desk 60.
[0078]
Next, the operation of the subjective optometry system 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
[0079]
First, the subject 80 sits on the examination chair 61 provided as a set together with the examination desk 60 and faces the desk 60, and the head unit 31 is worn by an operator 90 such as an ophthalmologist.
[0080]
At this time, the left and right optometry windows 41 and 42 formed on the phoropters 31a and 31b of the head unit 31 are adapted to the left and right directions by the operator in advance so that the left and right optometry windows 41 and 42 fit the PD of the subject 80. Adjusted to
[0081]
When wearing, the temple 35 is adjusted according to the ear position of the subject 80, the nose pad 36 is adjusted according to the nose position, the velcro strap 35b is wound around the head, and the head unit 31 is It is worn and fixed on the subject 80.
[0082]
At this time, the weight of the head unit 31 is balanced by the balancer 32 connected to the support wire 38 via the spring 39, so that the subject 80 does not feel the worn head unit 31 heavy. Moreover, it does not fall out of its worn state by its own weight.
[0083]
Further, the operator 90 selects one shift lens 45 that is predicted to be suitable for the eye to be examined by the subject 80 based on the result of optometry performed in advance by an objective optometry apparatus such as a refractometer (not shown), Attach to the shift lens mounting portion 46.
[0084]
The subject 80 wearing the head unit 31 in this way passes through the optometry windows 41 and 42 of the head unit 31 through the Alvarez lens 43, the Vcc lens 44, and the head unit 31 provided inside the head unit 31. The chart 11 (FIG. 1) presented on the chart presenting device 10 disposed in front of the inspection dedicated desk 60 is visually recognized through the shift lens 45 additionally attached to the outside.
[0085]
Here, for example, a case where a lens having a shift amount of + 5D is mounted on the shift lens mounting portion 46 as the shift lens 45 will be described.
[0086]
When the tab portion 45a of the shift lens 45 is mounted on the shift lens mounting portion 46, as shown in FIG. 3, the photodetector 48 optically reads the reflection pattern 45b formed on the tab portion 45a. The spherical power S2 corresponding to the reflection pattern 45b obtained by the reading is detected.
[0087]
Thus, since the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45 is automatically detected by the photodetector 48, when the operator 90 mounts the specific shift lens 45 on the shift lens mounting portion 46, It is possible to prevent mistakes such as the operator 90 mistakenly writing or transcribing the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45 attached.
[0088]
On the other hand, the relative displacement L between the two optical elements 43a and 43b constituting the Alvarez lens 43 inside the head unit 31 is detected by the detecting means 43e.
[0089]
Initially, the relative displacement L between the two optical elements is zero, and this value zero is sent from the detection means 43e to the refraction characteristic detector 52 of the display unit 50 (FIG. 4).
[0090]
Similarly, the rotational displacement amounts θ of the two cylinder lenses 44a and 44b constituting the Vcc lens 44 inside the head unit 31 are detected by the detecting means 44e.
[0091]
Initially, the angular displacement of the cylinder lens is zero, and this value of zero is sent from the detecting means 44e to the refractive characteristic detector 52 of the display unit 50.
[0092]
The refraction characteristic detection unit 52 obtains the spherical power S corresponding to the relative displacement L (= 0: initial value) input from the detection unit 43e with reference to the reference table 52a, and inputs from the detection unit 44e. The cylindrical power C and the axial angle A of the cylindrical axis corresponding to the rotational displacement amounts θ1, θ2 (= 0: initial value) are obtained with reference to the reference table 52a.
[0093]
Further, the refraction characteristic detection unit 52 calculates a combined spherical power S that is an optical composite value of the spherical power S1 of the obtained Alvarez lens 43 and the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45, and the calculated combined spherical surface. The power S, the cylindrical power C of the Vcc lens 44 and the axial angle A of the cylindrical shaft are sent to the display unit 51.
[0094]
In this way, the values of the combined spherical power S, the cylindrical power C of the Vcc lens 44 and the axial angle A of the cylindrical shaft input to the display 51 from the refraction characteristic detector 52 are as shown in FIG. 90, displayed on the display unit 51 as a numerical value visible to the user.
[0095]
Refractive characteristics (synthetic spherical power S, cylindrical power C, and axial angle A values of the cylindrical axis) displayed on the display unit 51 are the Alvarez lens 43, the Vcc lens 44 and the shift at the positions of the optometry windows 41 and 42, respectively. Refractive characteristics of the lens 45 for use.
[0096]
Next, the operator 90 sits on a chair 62 set to the side of the examination desk 60 and selectively presents the above-mentioned refraction characteristics displayed on the display unit 52 of the display unit 50 and the chart presentation device 10. While viewing the display of the symbol 12 representing the optometry chart 11 (see FIG. 5), the subject 80 passes through the optometry windows 41 and 42 of the head unit 31 and the optometry chart 11 presented to the chart presentation device 10. While listening to how it looks, the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens 43, the Vcc lens 44, and the shift lens 45 are sequentially changed or charted so that the refractive characteristics for far vision are optimal for the eye of the subject 80. The controller 53 is operated so as to switch the selection of the optometry chart 11 presented to the presentation device 10.
[0097]
For example, when the controller 53 is operated so as to change the spherical power S of the Alvarez lens 43, the motor 43d in the phoropters 31a and 31b is driven / stopped by the drive control of the controller 53, and the motor 43d is driven / stopped. Accordingly, the two optical elements 43a and 43b constituting the Alvarez lens 43 are relatively displaced in the vertical direction.
[0098]
The spherical power S1 of the Alvarez lens 43 in the optometry windows 41 and 42 changes according to the relative displacement L between the optical elements 43a and 43b.
[0099]
On the other hand, the relative displacement amount L is detected by the detection means 43e, and the refractive characteristic detection means 52 obtains the spherical power S1 corresponding to the relative displacement amount L by the same action as in the case of the initial value L = 0. Further, an optical composite value (synthetic spherical power) S of the obtained spherical power S1 and the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45 is obtained in substantially real time and displayed on the display unit 51.
[0100]
The operator 90 controls the controller 53 so as to obtain an optimum combined spherical power S while analyzing the response of the subject 80 to the appearance of the optometry chart 11 and analyzing the displayed synthetic spherical power S and the like. Manipulate.
[0101]
Similarly, when the controller 53 is operated so as to change the cylindrical power C of the Vcc lens 44 and the axial angle A of the cylindrical shaft, the motor 44d in the phoropters 31a and 31b is driven and stopped by the drive control of the controller 53. The two cylinder lenses 44a and 44b constituting the Vcc lens 44 are rotationally displaced in accordance with the driving / stopping of the motor 44d.
[0102]
The cylindrical power C of the Vcc lens 44 and the axial angle A of the cylindrical axis in the optometry windows 41 and 42 change according to the rotational displacement amounts θ1 and θ2 of the cylinder lenses 44a and 44b.
[0103]
On the other hand, the rotational displacement amounts θ1 and θ2 are detected by the detecting means 44e, and the refraction characteristic detecting means 52 is a cylinder corresponding to the rotational displacement amounts θ1 and θ2 by the same action as in the case of the initial values θ1 and θ2 = 0. The power C and the axis angle A of the cylinder axis are obtained, and the obtained cylinder power C and the axis angle A of the cylinder axis are displayed on the display unit 51 in substantially real time.
[0104]
The operator 90 performs the analysis with reference to the response of the subject 80 to the appearance of the optometry chart 11 and the displayed cylindrical power C, the axial angle A of the cylindrical shaft, etc., and the optimal cylindrical power C and cylindrical The controller 53 is operated so that the shaft angle A is reached.
[0105]
By the above operation, the examination of the refractive characteristics of the subject's eye for far vision (so-called far vision examination) is completed, and the provisional prescription values (spherical power S, cylindrical power C, and axial angle of the cylindrical shaft) that are optimum for this eye to be examined. A) is required.
[0106]
Subsequently, an examination of the refraction characteristics of the eye to be examined at a short distance such as the hand or the foot (so-called near vision examination) is performed.
[0107]
In this near vision inspection, rather than visually inspecting the optometry chart 11 presented on the chart presentation device 10 in a substantially horizontal direction, the subject 80 wears the head unit 31 and keeps his neck downward. Bending is performed to inspect how the subject 80 itself and his / her feet are visible (confirmation of distortion, etc.).
[0108]
That is, the head unit 31 worn by the subject 80 must follow the movement of the face of the subject 80, but the support frame 37 that supports the head unit 31 as shown in FIG. Since both sides of the head unit 31 are pivotally supported, the head unit 31 can freely rotate in the front-rear direction, and can reliably follow the swinging motion of the subject 80.
[0109]
Further, since the support frame 37 is formed in an upwardly convex semicircular shape, even when the subject 80 wearing the head unit 31 bends the neck forward and tilts his / her face, Since the portion above the forehead of 80 passes under the support frame 37, it does not interfere with the support frame 37, and in this respect also does not hinder the swing motion of the subject 80. .
[0110]
Further, the support frame 37 is connected to the other end of the wire 38 to which the balancer 32 is connected at one end via a spring 39. The balancer 32 has a weight that reduces the weight of the head unit 31. Therefore, the subject 80 wearing the head unit 31 does not feel a large pulling force upward with respect to the action of lowering the face together with the head unit 31, and the balancer 32 and the head unit 31. The inertia force in the stationary state generated when starting the swing motion from the stationary state can be reduced by the spring 39 provided between the two.
[0111]
In this way, the subject 80 visually recognizes a short distance such as a hand or a foot while wearing the head unit 31, and the operator 90 is viewing the short distance as described above. The same operation as that in the far vision examination, that is, the examinee 80 through the optometry windows 41 and 42 of the head unit 31 while looking at the above-mentioned refraction characteristics displayed on the display unit 52 of the display unit 50. Refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens 43, the Vcc lens 44, and the shift lens 45 so that the refractive characteristics of near vision are optimal for the eye of the subject 80 while listening to the appearance of the characters and the like described in FIG. The controller 53 is operated so as to sequentially change.
[0112]
By the above operation, the near vision inspection is completed for the subject eye of the subject 80, and together with the result of the distance vision inspection, the optimal and final prescription values (spherical power S, cylindrical power C and An axial angle A) of the cylinder axis is determined.
[0113]
As described above, according to the subjective optometry system 100 according to the present embodiment, the head unit 31 is replaced with the conventional turret lens group, and the Alvarez lens 43 is significantly lighter in weight than the turret lens group. In addition, the space required to change the spherical power S by the Alvarez lens 43 can be made extremely small compared to that using a turret that requires a large space (this embodiment In the embodiment, for example, the stroke is only about 12 mm.) The head unit 31 can be significantly reduced in size and weight.
[0114]
Therefore, it is possible to inspect the subject 80 by wearing the head unit that has been fixedly arranged in the past, and the head unit 31 is used as it is in not only the distance vision inspection but also the near vision inspection. Can be done.
[0115]
Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the far vision inspection and the near vision inspection by different methods, and the inspection labor of the operator 90 can be reduced and the inspection time can be shortened without applying stress to the subject 80. Can do.
[0116]
Further, even when the range width −10D to + 10D of the spherical power S1 of the Alvarez lens 43 is not sufficient, by selecting any shift lens 45 having a different shift amount and using it together with the Alvarez lens 43, The range of the spherical power S1 that can be measured can be freely expanded, and a reduction in inspection performance can be prevented while ensuring a small size and light weight.
[0117]
When the shift lens 45 is used in this way, the combined spherical power S of the spherical power S1 of the Alvarez lens 43 and the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45 is automatically calculated and displayed on the display unit 50. Therefore, it is not necessary for the operator 90 himself to calculate and obtain the composite spherical power S of both the lenses 43 and 45, and the work load on the operator 90 can be reduced and the composite spherical power S can be obtained accurately.
[0118]
Furthermore, since the Alvarez lens 43 can continuously change the spherical power S1, it is finer than the conventional turret type that can only be switched at a discrete spherical power such as a 0.25D interval. The spherical power S can be obtained, and a highly precise prescription value can be provided.
[0119]
Further, the operator 90 operates the controller 53 provided in the display unit 50 separate from the head unit 31 worn by the subject 80, thereby remotely controlling the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens 43 and the Vcc lens 44. (Spherical power S, cylindrical power C, axial angle A of the cylinder axis) can be changed, and it is not necessary to approach the subject 80 every time the operator 90 changes the refraction characteristics, so that the subject 80 is relaxed. Can be seen in the state
[0120]
Note that the subjective optometry system 100 according to the present embodiment has a combined spherical power of the spherical power S1 of the Alvarez lens 43 and the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45 as one of the refractive characteristics displayed on the display unit 52. Although S is displayed, the subjective optometry system of the present invention is not limited to this form, and the spherical power S1, S2 of each lens 43, 45 is displayed together with the combined spherical power S. You may do it.
[0121]
In addition, the subjective optometry system 100 according to the above embodiment includes the chart presentation device 10 for the far vision examination. However, the subjective optometry system according to the present invention includes such a chart presentation device. do not have to.
[0122]
Furthermore, as a configuration for identifying the spherical power S2 of the shift lens 45 provided in the head unit 31, in addition to the above-described optical identification method, an electrical identification method, a magnetic identification method, or a mechanical identification method. For example, various identification methods can be applied.
[0123]
That is, as an electrical identification method, an electrical contact having a different pattern is provided on the tab portion 45a of the shift lens 45 in accordance with the spherical power S2, and the pattern of this electrical contact is electrically replaced with the photodetector 48. A detector for reading may be provided.
[0124]
Similarly, as a magnetic identification method, a magnetic contact having a different pattern may be provided according to the spherical power S2, and a detector that magnetically reads the pattern of the magnetic contact may be provided.
[0125]
Further, as a mechanical identification method, the tab portion 45a may have a different shape according to the spherical power S2, and a detector that reads the difference in shape mechanically, electrically, magnetically, or optically may be provided.
[0126]
Of the optical elements 43a and 43b constituting the Alvarez lens 43, at least the optical element 43a on the side movable downward is chamfered 43k on the lower part on the center side of the head unit 31, as shown in FIG. Thus, when the optical element 43a is displaced downward, interference between the lower part (chamfered portion) 43k of the optical element 43a and the housing 40 of the head unit 31 can be avoided, and the movable stroke of the optical element 43a can be extended. It is preferable to do this.
[0127]
By extending the displacement stroke in this way, the range width of the spherical power S1 of the Alvarez lens 43 can be expanded, or the housing of the head unit 31 can be further downsized.
[0128]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the subjective optometry unit according to claim 1 of the present invention, the Alvarez lens capable of continuously changing the refractive characteristics is used and is a refractive characteristic changing means. Since the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens can be changed by relatively displacing the two optical elements constituting the Alvarez lens by the displacement means, a large number of lenses are arranged as in the prior art. There is no need to provide the turret, and the subjective optometry unit can be reduced in size and weight.
[0129]
And by this size reduction and weight reduction, a subject can also see a hand and a foot using an optometry unit, and can use it as it is for not only a conventional far vision test but a near vision test.
[0130]
In addition, since the optometry unit can be worn by the subject, the subject can freely swing and improve the degree of freedom of restraint.
[0131]
Therefore, it is possible to perform an adjustment test that has been performed using a trial frame after a distance vision test using an optometry unit by using the optometry unit as it is, thereby reducing and reducing the inspection labor of an operator such as an ophthalmologist. The time can be shortened and the stress of the subject can be reduced.
[0132]
Furthermore, since the Alvarez lens can continuously change the refractive characteristics, the refractive characteristics can be obtained more finely than the conventional optometry unit that can obtain only the discrete refractive characteristics.
[0133]
In addition, if a refractive correction range that exceeds the upper limit of the refraction correction range by the Alvarez lens or falls below the lower limit is required, a shift lens is additionally attached to the optometry unit so as to conform to the refraction correction range. By doing so, it is possible to cope with a desired refraction correction range.
[0134]
Since the combined refractive characteristic of the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens and the refractive characteristic of the shift lens in the case of using the shift lens in this way is obtained by the refractive characteristic detection means and displayed on the display unit, It is not necessary for the operator himself to calculate and obtain the combined refraction characteristics of these two lenses, so that the burden on the operator can be reduced and the refraction characteristics (synthetic values) can always be obtained accurately.
[0135]
According to the subjective optometry system according to claim 2 of the present invention, the refraction characteristic detection means automatically determines the refraction characteristic of the shift lens based on the identification unit of the shift lens mounted on the optometry unit. Therefore, there is no room for the operator to misidentify, and the refractive characteristics of the shift lens can be easily and reliably specified.
[0136]
Further, according to the subjective optometry system according to claim 3 of the present invention, the refractive characteristics of the Alvarez lens of the optometry unit can be changed by operating the controller provided in the display unit. There is no need to operate the unit, and remote control can be performed without approaching the subject.
[0137]
Therefore, the operator's inspection labor can be further reduced and the inspection time can be further shortened without stressing the subject.
[0138]
Further, the relative displacement between the optical elements is detected by the displacement detecting means constituting the refraction characteristic detecting means, and the detected relative displacement is compared with the relative displacement previously associated with the reference table. In contrast, refractive characteristics corresponding to this relative displacement can be easily obtained.
[0139]
In each of the subjective optometry systems according to the present invention described above, when the refractive characteristic range width of the Alvarez lens is set to approximately 20D (for example, a range of −10D to + 10D), according to a normal Alvarez lens manufacturing technique. The relative displacement width between the two optical elements is approximately 12 mm, and if the displacement is about this width, the movable range of the optical element is completely covered with the housing of the optometry unit. In addition, the size of the housing can be significantly smaller than that of the conventional turret-type housing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a subjective optometry system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view showing details of a head unit in the subjective optometry system shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an optical system, a drive system, and a detection system of the head unit.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing input / output of a display unit.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a display of a display unit.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the head unit showing a state where a lower portion of the optical element is chamfered.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Chart presentation device
11 Optometry chart
12 design
20 Pigeon tester (a subjective optometry unit)
31 head unit
31a, 31b phoropter
32 Balancer
33 Support arm
34 prop
35 Temple
35b Velcro strap
36 Nose pads
37 Support frame
38 wires
39 Spring
41, 42 Optometrist window
43 Alvarez lens (lens)
43a, 43b optical element
43c Rack and pinion gear (refractive characteristic changing means)
43d, 44d motor (refractive characteristic changing means)
43e, 44e detection means
43k bottom
44 Vcc lens
44a, 44b Cylinder lens
44c gear
45 Shift lens
45a Tab part
45b Reflection pattern (identification part)
46 Shift lens mount
48 photodetectors
50 display units
51 Display section
52 Refraction characteristic detector
52a lookup table
53 controller
60 Dedicated desk for inspection
61,62 Chair
80 subjects
90 operators
100 subjective optometry system
S Spherical power (synthetic refraction characteristics)
C Cylinder power (refractive characteristics)
A Axis angle of cylinder axis (refractive characteristics)
X optical axis
L Relative displacement
θ1, θ2 rotational displacement

Claims (3)

Rutotomoni that having a refractive characteristic changing means for changing the refractive properties of a trial lens and the lens, self Satoshishiki's eye lens mounting section shift for detachably mounting the shift lens is formed of the lens e Bei the units, the refractive characteristic detecting means for detecting the refractive properties of the lens, and a display unit for displaying the refractive characteristics detected by the refraction characteristic detecting means,
The lens includes a pair of optical elements are superimposed so as to be relatively displaceable, the relative Alba Let Ren Zunomi continuously changing the refractive properties according to the displacement, or the Alba Let lenses and a combination lens composed of a shift for lenses having a refractive characteristics is mounted on the shift lens mounting portion of the shift lens different single refractive properties,
The refractive properties detection means is one for obtaining the combined refracting characteristics of the refractive properties of the Alba Let lens refractive properties before Symbol mounted shift lens in the lens mounting portion for shifting,
The subjective optometry system, wherein the display unit displays the combined refraction characteristic obtained by the refraction characteristic detecting means. The shift lens has an identification portion that represents the refractive characteristics of the shift lens,
The refraction characteristic detecting means detects a refraction characteristic represented by an identification part of a shift lens attached to an attachment part of the subjective optometry unit to which the shift lens is attached. The subjective optometry system according to 1. The refraction characteristic changing means is a displacement means for relatively displacing the pair of optical elements by motor drive,
The refraction characteristic detection means includes a reference table that associates the relative displacement amount with the refraction characteristic in advance, and a displacement detection means that detects the relative displacement amount, and the displacement detection means Refractive characteristics corresponding to the detected relative displacement amount are obtained by referring to the reference table,
The subjective optometry system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the display unit includes a controller that controls motor driving of the displacement means.

Images