JP3926450B2

JP3926450B2 - Elastic wheels for railway vehicles

Info

Publication number: JP3926450B2
Application number: JP36402997A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 潔佐藤; 直幸矢口; 直人御船; 寿夫岡田; 芳彦永坂
Original assignee: Railway Technical Research Institute; Meiji Rubber and Chemical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Railway Technical Research Institute; Meiji Rubber and Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date: 1997-12-17
Filing date: 1997-12-17
Publication date: 2007-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2017-12-17
Also published as: JPH11180101A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、鉄道車両に使用される弾性車輪に係り、組立が簡単であるとともに、高速走行時にも安定走行が確保できる鉄道車両用弾性車輪に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
鉄道車両のダイヤの過密化、高速化に伴って走行時に発生する振動、騒音は一層激しくなっており、沿線住民に対する公害問題となっている。欧米諸国では弾性車輪の使用によってその対策が採られているが、わが国おいてもその防止対策が求められている。従来提案されている弾性車輪に、特開昭６２−２１４００１号公報記載の弾性車輪がある。前記公報記載の弾性車輪は、鉄道車両用車輪のタイヤ部と輪心部とを分割して両者間に弾性体を介在させたものであり、具体的には、輪心部の外周面に弾性体の内周面を止着し、前記弾性体の外周面とタイヤ部の内周面との間に熱遮断材を介在させたものである。
【０００３】
前記弾性車輪は、輪心部に弾性体及び熱遮断材を止着せしめ、その後タイヤ部をプレスによって圧入することにより組み立てられる。前記弾性体によって鉄道車両の車輪がレールを転がることにより発生する転動騒音や振動を大幅に低減することができるとともに、熱遮断材によって弾性体への熱伝導が防止されるから、制輪子をタイヤ踏面に押し付ける踏面ブレーキを採用している車輪にも使用することができる。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記構成の弾性車輪は、弾性体及び熱遮断材を圧入によってタイヤ部と輪心部に介在させるから、タイヤ部とその内面に接する熱遮断材または弾性体とは、軸方向への動的荷重に対しては接着力又は剪断力によって保持されているにすぎない。従って、弾性体が経年の変化によって特性が低下した場合には圧入による組立状態の安定性や安全性に欠けるという問題がある。また、前記弾性体等は輪心部とタイヤ部との間に専用の圧入治具によって介在させるために、組立に手間がかかるとともに、弾性体等に捻れや部分変形等がないように組み立てることが困難であり、車輪の偏心により台車に振動が発生して走行安定性や安全性に問題があった。
【０００５】
この発明はかかる現況に鑑みてなされたもので、耐熱性と耐久性に優れ、安定した走行が可能であり、圧入治具を必要とせず組立が容易な鉄道車両用弾性車輪を提供するものである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は上記目的を達成するために次のような構成とした。即ち、この発明に係る鉄道車両用弾性車輪は、タイヤに弾性体を封着した弾性車輪において、車輪を輪心（１）とホルダー（３，３ａ）とタイヤ（７，８，９）と前記ホルダー（３，３ａ）を輪心（１）に締め付け固定するボルト（１０）とから構成し、輪心（１）の外周部を軸方向に突出しホルダーを載置する突出部（１７，２１）と、ボルト（１０）を挿入する透孔（２０，２４）を穿設した挿入板（１９，２３，２５）とからなるホルダー取付部（１５、１８）となし、前記ホルダーは前記挿入板の両側に配設する内部ホルダー（３１、４２）と外部ホルダー（３３，４３）とに分割形成してなり、前記内部ホルダー（３１、４２）と外部ホルダー（３３，４３）には、外周端縁部に鍔部（３６）を形成してなり、前記内部ホルダー（３１，４２）と外部ホルダー（３３，４３）のいずれか一方に前記ボルト（１０）を挿通する透孔（３９）を穿設し、他方に前記ボルト（１０）が螺合するメスネジ（３７）を刻設してなり、タイヤ（７，８，９）の内周面に環状溝（７１，７４、８０、８３、９０、９１）を設けるとともに、内周端縁部には前記ホルダー（３，３ａ）の鍔部（３６）に対向する内向きの鍔部（８５，９３）を形成し、タイヤ（７、８，９）の内周面と前記挿入板（１９，２３，２５）の両側に配設した内部ホルダー（３１，４２）及び外部ホルダー（３３，４３）との間に形成される隙間に弾性体（５、５ａ、５ｂ）を嵌合させ、前記挿入板の両側に内部ホルダーと外部ホルダーをボルトで固定することによって弾性体を封着することを特徴とする。前記弾性体とタイヤとの間に断熱材を介在させることが好ましい。また、前記ホルダー（３，３ａ）の鍔部（３６）とタイヤの鍔部（８５，９３）の対向面は、テーパー面としてもよいし、段状面としてもよい。
【０００７】
さらに、前記弾性体５，５ａを軸方向において２つの弾性片５１，５２，５５，５６に分割形成し、前記内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３の弾性体を嵌合する面を切欠によって垂直面３１ｂ、３３ｂ、と傾斜面３１ａ，３３ａによって形成し、前記タイヤ７の内周面略中央に前記輪心の挿入板と対向する仕切板７０，７３を突設するとともに、前記２つの弾性片を前記仕切板の両側に嵌合させるようにしてもよい。また、前記弾性体５，５ａを軸方向において２つの弾性片５５，５６に分割形成し、前記輪心の挿入板を延長し、前記延長した挿入板２３，２５の両側に２つの弾性片５５，５６を嵌合させるようにしてもよい。また、タイヤ８の内周面略中央部に環状凹溝８０，８３を形成するとともに、前記輪心の延長した挿入板２３，２５の端部を前記環状凹溝８０．８３に挿入し、２つの弾性片５５，５６を前記挿入板２３，２５の両側に配設するようにしてもよい。
【０００８】
前記内部ホルダーと外部ホルダーとは、内面上部において突き当て、内面下部に挿入板１９を挿入する切欠４４を設けてなり、タイヤの内周面には弾性体を嵌合する環状凹溝を形成してもよい。また、前記タイヤの内周面は中央部に向かって傾斜させるとともに、弾性体を嵌合する２以上の環状凹溝を形成してもよい。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、図示する実施形態について詳細に説明する。図１はこの発明の第１実施形態を示し、１は輪心、３はホルダー、５は弾性体、７はタイヤ、１０は前記ホルダー３を締め付けるボルトである。輪心１は車軸を挿入するボス部１１に板部１３を介してホルダー取付部１５を形成してなる。前記ホルダー取付部１５は軸方向に突出しホルダー３を載置する突出部１７とホルダー３の間に挿入する挿入板１９によって構成されている。前記突出部１７の外周面と挿入板１９の側面とはほぼ直角面をなしている。前記挿入板１９には適宜の間隔でボルト１０を挿通する透孔２０が穿設されている。
【００１０】
前記ホルダー３は内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３とに分割形成されており、内周面はそれぞれ傾斜面３１ａと３３ａ及び垂直面３１ｂと３３ｂにより断面略くの字状をなしている。前記傾斜面３１ａから垂直面３１ｂにかけて、また、傾斜面３３ａから垂直面３３ｂにかけて弾性体５を嵌合するための切欠３５が段状に設けられている。内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３を組み合わせたとき、前記切欠３５は略Ｖ字状環状溝を形成する。さらに、外部ホルダー３３には前記締め付けボルト９と螺合するメスネジ３７が刻設されており、一方、内部ホルダー３１には前記締め付けボルト１０を挿通する透孔３９が設けられている。また、前記内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３の外周端縁部に鍔部３６を形成し、前記鍔部３６の外周面をテーパー面としている。
【００１１】
上記のように、ホルダー３を内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３とに分割して形成し、前記挿入板１９の両側に取り付け、ボルト１０を前記透孔３９及び挿入板１９の透孔２０に挿入し前記メスネジ３７と螺合させて締め付けることによって、輪心１とホルダー３とは一体に組み立てられる。また、ホルダー３を内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３とに分割して形成することによって、弾性体５を容易に嵌合させることができる。
【００１２】
次に、弾性体５はゴム状弾性体により環状に形成されており、軸方向において左右対称に弾性片５１、５２に二分割されているとともに、円周方向において少なくとも２以上に分割して形成されている。前記弾性片５１、５２は、内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３に形成された段状の切欠３５と同様に、断面略くの字状に形成され、タイヤ７との接合面には断熱材５３が設けられている。断熱材５３は、耐熱性、熱遮断性、耐圧縮性に優れた材料であれば特に限定されない。前記断熱材５３を設けることによって制輪子をタイヤ踏面に押し付ける踏面ブレーキ作動時に発生する高熱が弾性体５に伝導するのが遮断され、弾性体５の劣化を防止し耐久性を向上させる。
【００１３】
前記タイヤ７について説明すると、内周面を中央が突出したＶ字型に形成し、内周面略中央に前記輪心１の挿入板１９と対向する仕切板７０を突設するとともに、前記仕切板７０の両側面から前記内周面にかけて断面略くの字状の環状溝７１を設けてなる。前記仕切板７０は内端部がホルダー３の間に挿入されて挿入板１９と僅かに間隔を有して対向している。従って、前記タイヤ７とホルダー３とを組み立てたときに、前記弾性片５１、５２は前記断面略くの字状の環状溝７１に嵌合され、内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３によって封着される。
【００１４】
上記実施形態のように、タイヤ７の内周面にホルダー３内に挿入される仕切板７０を設けた場合には、弾性片５１、５２は完全に分離されて嵌合されるから、軸方向の横荷重に対しては弾性体５の剪断方向の弾性で抑制するばかりでなく、ホルダー３と仕切板７０との間の弾性片５１、５２の圧縮変形により吸収する。また、前記仕切板７０の横荷重はホルダー３の垂直面３１ｂ、３３ｂで支持されるから、走行の安定性や安全性が確保され、特に曲線通過時や高速走行時に有利である。さらに、上記実施形態では内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３の外周端縁部に鍔部３６を形成し、タイヤ７の内周端縁部とはテーパー面によって対向させる構成としたから、軸方向の荷重に対して弾性体５が過大荷重を受けた場合でも充分支持することができ、走行の安定性や安全性が確保される。前記テーパー面は他に変更することが可能であり、単に水平面としてもよい。
【００１５】
図３は第２実施形態を示し、タイヤの内周面を水平面とするとともに、ホルダー３の外周端縁部の鍔部３６の外周面を段状に形成した点が上記第１の実施形態と異なる。従って、同一構成については同一の符号を付してその説明は省略する。この実施形態では、前記タイヤ７の内周面を水平に形成し、内周面略中央に前記輪心１の挿入板１９と対向する仕切板７３を突設するとともに、前記仕切板７３の両側面から前記内周面にかけて断面略Ｌ字状の環状溝７４を設けてなる。従って、前記タイヤ７と内部ホルダー３１、外部ホルダー３３とを組み立てたときに、前記環状溝７４と内部ホルダー３１、外部ホルダー３３の切欠３５とにより形成される略Ｌ字状の環状空隙が形成され、この空隙に弾性片５１、５２が嵌合される。前記弾性片５１、５２には上記実施形態のように断熱材を設けてもよい。
【００１６】
上記第２実施形態ではホルダー３の外周端縁部とタイヤ７の内周端縁部とは、段状面によって対向させる構成としたから、上記実施形態と同様に軸方向の過大荷重を支持することが可能である。
【００１７】
図４は、第３実施形態を示す。上記実施形態がいずれも軸方向の過大荷重に対しては、タイヤ７の仕切板７０、７３をホルダー３で支持する構成としたのに対して、この第３実施形態ではタイヤ７の荷重を輪心１に設けた挿入板により支持することとしている。即ち、輪心１のホルダー取付部１８は、突出部２１と挿入板２３とからなり、前記挿入板２３はタイヤ８の下面に形成した環状凹溝８０に挿入される長さに形成され、下端部にはボルト１０を挿通する透孔２４が穿設されている。弾性体５ａは弾性片５５、５６により構成される。尚、前記挿入板２３の長さは、必ずしもタイヤ８の下面に形成した環状凹溝８０に挿入される長さである必要はなく、弾性片５５、５６を分離して取り付けられる長さであればよい。また、タイヤ８の下面の環状凹溝８０は省略してもよい。
【００１８】
前記ホルダー３を構成する内部ホルダー３１と外部ホルダー３３の内周面は、前記挿入板２３を挾持する垂直面と弾性片５５、５６を嵌合する傾斜面により形成され、組み合わせたとき弾性体５ａを嵌合する嵌合面は全体として略Ｖ字状環状溝を形成している。また、外周端縁部には上面をテーパー面とした鍔部３６が設けられている。次に、タイヤ８の内周面を凸状に形成し、略中央に環状凹溝８０を設けるとともに、端縁近傍にも環状凹溝８１を設け、前記鍔部３６と対向する面をテーパー面に形成してなる。前記環状凹溝８０の略中央に前記挿入板２３と弾性片５５、５６の一部が挿入される。
【００１９】
次に、弾性体５ａは、前記挿入板２３で仕切られホルダーの上面とタイヤ８の内周面により形成される空隙に嵌合するように、弾性片５５、５６の２つに分割されて形成されており、前記環状凹溝８０、８１に嵌合するフランジ状突起５７、５８が形成されている。弾性片５５、５６の外周面、即ちタイヤ８と接合する面には第１実施形態のように断熱材を設けることができる。
【００２０】
上記構成において、前記環状凹溝８０では、タイヤ８と挿入板２３との間に弾性片５５、５６の突起５７を嵌合しているから、車軸方向の過大な横荷重を弾性片５５、５６の剪断方向の弾性で抑制するばかりでなく、挿入板２３によっても支持されることになり走行の安定性や安全性が確保される。
【００２１】
図５は、図４に示す第４実施形態の変形例であり、輪心１の挿入板は先端部を膨出させた挿入板２５となし、タイヤ８の内周面を中央に向かうテーパー面とするとともに、中央部に環状凹溝８３を設け、内周端縁部に内向きの鍔部８５を形成してなるものである。この実施形態においても、挿入板２５は挿入板２３と同様の作用をなす。尚、前記挿入板２５の長さは、必ずしもタイヤ８の下面に形成した環状凹溝８３に挿入される長さである必要はなく、弾性片５５、５６を分離して取り付けられる長さであればよい。また、タイヤ８の下面の環状凹溝８３は省略してもよい。
【００２２】
上記第１〜４実施形態のように、弾性体を左右に分割形成してタイヤの仕切板またはホルダー取付部の挿入板の両側面に配設する構成とした場合には、制輪子をタイヤ踏面に押し付ける踏面ブレーキ作動時に発生する高熱は、前記仕切板または挿入板を伝導して放熱される。従って、タイヤ踏面が高熱になるのを防ぐことができる。特に、第１及び第２実施形態では、タイヤ踏面と仕切板とが一体に連続しているから第３実施形態に比して放熱効果は大きい。
【００２３】
図６及び図７は弾性体を軸方向において左右対称に分割せず形成した場合の実施形態を示す。図６に示す第５実施形態は、ホルダー３ａを構成する内部ホルダー４２と外部ホルダー４３は内面上部において突き当てられ、内面下部には挿入板１９を嵌合する切欠４４が形成されている。ホルダー３ａをなす内部ホルダー４２と外部ホルダー４３は、組み合わせたとき弾性体を嵌合する嵌合面は略Ｖ字状環状溝４５を形成し、前記略Ｖ字状環状溝４５に弾性体５ｂを嵌合させる。タイヤ９の内周面を中央に向かうテーパー面とするとともに、中央部に２つの環状凹溝９０を平行に設け、両側端に内向きの鍔部９３を形成してなるものである。弾性体５ｂは、前記ホルダー３ａとタイヤ９によって形成される空隙に嵌合される。
【００２４】
図７に示す第６実施形態は、第５実施形態がタイヤ内周面の中央部に２つの環状凹溝９０を設けたのに対して、２つの環状凹溝９１を両端縁近傍に設けた点において異なる。尚、図６及び図７においてタイヤの内周面は弾性体の幅と同じ幅の環状凹溝としてもよい。上記ホルダー３ａとタイヤ９とにより形成される空隙の形状に合わせて弾性体５ｂの形状が決定される。また、図６及び図７に示す実施形態においても、弾性体を軸方向において２つの弾性片に分割形成し、これを突き合わせて嵌合させてもよい。
【００２５】
上記第１ないし第６の実施形態において、弾性体はタイヤ及びホルダーと固着し、断熱材を使用する場合は断熱材と弾性体及びホルダーを固着することによって、曲線の通過時に車輪に発生するねじれトルクによるタイヤと輪心の滑りを防止することができ、より一層の安定した走行が可能となる。また、弾性体は円周方向において等間隔に分割したブロック状弾性片から形成することによって、金型や成形機を小型化でき、弾性体の価格を低減することができる。尚、内部ホルダーまたは外部ホルダーのどちらか一方を輪心と一体に形成することによって部品数を減らし、組み立てをさらに簡単にすることができる。
【００２６】
次に、上記実施形態における弾性体をホルダー内に嵌合する方法について説明すると、図８に示すように弾性体または弾性片を連続させて嵌合しても、それぞれの間隔を開けて嵌合してもよい。即ち、図８（ａ）は、円周方向において四等分に分割形成した弾性体５を密接させて嵌合した場合であり、図８（ｂ）は、四等分よりは小さく分割形成した４つの弾性体を、隣り合う弾性体５との間に間隔９５を設けて嵌合した場合である。このように、この発明では弾性体を円周方向において２以上に分割形成し、連続してあるいは所定の間隔を開けながら嵌合することができる。分割数は２以上であれば特に限定されない。
【００２７】
【発明の効果】
この発明に係る鉄道車両用弾性車輪は、車輪を輪心とホルダーとタイヤと前記ホルダーを輪心に締め付け固定するボルトとから構成し、前記ホルダーを内部ホルダーと外部ホルダーとに分割形成して組み立てる構成としたから、組立が簡単であり、また弾性体が捻れたり部分的に変形した状態で封着することがない。従って、耐久性に優れ、安定した走行が確保される。また、弾性体とタイヤとの間に断熱材を介在させることにより、制輪子をタイヤ踏面に押し付ける踏面ブレーキ作動時にタイヤ踏面に発生する高熱により弾性体が影響されるのを防止することができる。
【００２８】
弾性体を軸方向において２つの弾性片に分割形成し、前記弾性片をタイヤの内周面略中央に突設した仕切板の両側に嵌合する構成とした場合には、軸方向の過大荷重は前記仕切板によっても支持される。また、輪心の挿入板を延長して２つの弾性片を前記挿入板の両側に嵌合させるようにした場合にも、軸方向の過大荷重は前記挿入板によっても支持される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施形態を示す鉄道車両用弾性車輪の上半分の縦断面図である。
【図２】同じく分解した状態の縦断面図である。
【図３】第２実施形態を示す要部拡大縦断面図である。
【図４】第３実施形態を示す要部拡大縦断面図である。
【図５】第４実施形態を示す要部拡大縦断面図である。
【図６】第５実施形態を示す要部拡大縦断面図である。
【図７】第６実施形態を示す要部拡大縦断面図である。
【図８】弾性体の嵌合方法を示す弾性車輪の説明用正面図であって、図８（ａ）は弾性体を密接させて嵌合した場合であり、図８（ｂ）は間隔を開けて嵌合した場合である。
【符号の説明】
１輪心
３、３ａホルダー
５、５ａ、５ｂ弾性体
７、８、９タイヤ
１０締め付けボルト
１１ボス部
１３板部
１５、１８ホルダー取付部
１７、２１突出部
１９、２３、２５挿入板
２０、２４透孔
３１、４２内部ホルダー
３３、４３外部ホルダー
３１ａ、３３ａ傾斜面
３１ｂ、３３ｂ垂直面
３５切欠
３６鍔部
３７メスネジ
３９透孔
４４切欠
４５Ｖ字状環状溝
５１、５２弾性片
５３断熱材
５５、５６弾性片
５７、５８フランジ状突起
７０、７３仕切板
７１、７４環状溝
８０、８１、８３、９０、９１環状凹溝
９３鍔部
９５間隔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elastic wheel used in a railway vehicle, and relates to an elastic wheel for a railway vehicle that is easy to assemble and can ensure stable traveling even at high speeds.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Vibrations and noises generated during traveling due to overcrowding and speeding-up of railway vehicle diamonds are becoming more severe, creating a pollution problem for residents along the railway. In Western countries, the countermeasures are taken by using elastic wheels, but in Japan, the countermeasures are required. As a conventionally proposed elastic wheel, there is an elastic wheel described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-21401. The elastic wheel described in the above publication is obtained by dividing a tire portion and a wheel core portion of a railway vehicle wheel and interposing an elastic body therebetween. Specifically, the elastic wheel is elastic on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel core portion. The inner peripheral surface of the body is fastened, and a heat shielding material is interposed between the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body and the inner peripheral surface of the tire portion.
[0003]
The elastic wheel is assembled by attaching an elastic body and a heat shielding material to the center of the wheel, and then press-fitting the tire with a press. The elastic body can greatly reduce rolling noise and vibration generated by rolling of the railcar wheel on the rail, and the heat shield prevents heat conduction to the elastic body. It can also be used for wheels that employ a tread brake that presses against the tire tread.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the elastic wheel having the above-described configuration interposes the elastic body and the heat shielding material in the tire portion and the center portion of the tire by press-fitting, the heat shielding material or the elastic body in contact with the tire portion and the inner surface thereof moves in the axial direction. It is only held by an adhesive force or a shearing force against a mechanical load. Therefore, there is a problem that the stability and safety of the assembled state due to press-fitting are lacking when the characteristics of the elastic body deteriorate due to changes over time. In addition, since the elastic body and the like are interposed between the wheel center portion and the tire portion by a dedicated press-fitting jig, the assembly takes time and is assembled so that the elastic body and the like are not twisted or partially deformed. This is difficult, and the carriage is vibrated by the eccentricity of the wheels, which causes problems in running stability and safety.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the present situation, and provides an elastic wheel for a railway vehicle that is excellent in heat resistance and durability, is capable of stable running, and does not require a press-fitting jig and is easy to assemble. is there.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, an elastic wheel for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is an elastic wheel in which an elastic body is sealed to a tire. The wheel includes a wheel center (1) , a holder (3, 3a) , a tire (7, 8, 9) , A bolt (10 ) for fastening and fixing the holder (3, 3a) to the ring core (1) , and a projecting part (17, 21) for projecting the outer periphery of the ring core (1) in the axial direction and placing the holder And a holder mounting portion (15, 18) comprising an insertion plate (19, 23, 25) provided with a through hole (20, 24 ) for inserting a bolt (10) . The inner holder (31, 42) and the outer holder (33, 43) disposed on both sides are divided and formed , and the inner holder (31, 42) and the outer holder (33, 43) have outer peripheral edges. it forms a flange portion (36) in section, the inner holder ( 1,42) and bored with the bolt (10) is inserted through holes (39) on one of the external holder (33, 43), the other on the bolt (10) is screwed internal thread (37) The annular groove (71, 74, 80, 83, 90, 91) is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tire (7, 8, 9), and the holder (3 , 3a) are formed inwardly facing flange portions (85, 93) facing the flange portion (36) of the tire (7, 8, 9) and the insertion plates (19, 23, 25) . The elastic bodies (5, 5a, 5b) are fitted into the gaps formed between the inner holders (31, 42) and the outer holders (33 , 43) disposed on both sides, and the inner sides are placed on both sides of the insertion plate. The elastic body is sealed by fixing the holder and the external holder with bolts . It is preferable to interpose a heat insulating material between the elastic body and the tire. Moreover, the opposing surface of the collar part (36) of the holder (3, 3a) and the tire collar part (85, 93) may be a tapered surface or a stepped surface.
[0007]
Further, the elastic bodies 5 and 5a are divided into two elastic pieces 51 , 52 , 55, and 56 in the axial direction, and the surfaces of the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33 that fit the elastic bodies are cut out to form a vertical surface 31b. , 33b, and inclined surfaces 31a, 33a , and partition plates 70 , 73 projecting from the insertion plate of the ring core at the center of the inner peripheral surface of the tire 7 , and the two elastic pieces are You may make it fit on the both sides of a partition plate. Further, the elastic bodies 5 and 5a are divided into two elastic pieces 55 and 56 in the axial direction, the insertion plate of the ring core is extended, and two elastic pieces 55 are provided on both sides of the extended insertion plates 23 and 25. , 56 may be fitted. In addition, annular grooves 80 and 83 are formed in the substantially central portion of the inner peripheral surface of the tire 8 , and end portions of the insertion plates 23 and 25 extending from the ring centers are inserted into the annular grooves 80.83. One of the elastic pieces 55 and 56 may be Hai設Su so that on both sides of the insertion plate 23 and 25.
[0008]
The inner holder and the outer holder are abutted at the upper part of the inner surface, provided with a notch 44 for inserting the insertion plate 19 at the lower part of the inner surface, and formed with an annular groove for fitting an elastic body on the inner peripheral surface of the tire. May be. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the tire may be inclined toward the central portion, and two or more annular grooves for fitting the elastic body may be formed.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the illustrated embodiment will be described in detail. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a ring core, 3 is a holder, 5 is an elastic body, 7 is a tire, and 10 is a bolt for fastening the holder 3. The ring core 1 is formed by forming a holder attachment portion 15 via a plate portion 13 on a boss portion 11 into which an axle is inserted. The holder attaching portion 15 is constituted by an insertion plate 19 that is inserted between the projecting portion 17 projecting in the axial direction and placing the holder 3 and the holder 3. The outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 17 and the side surface of the insertion plate 19 form a substantially right angle surface. The insertion plate 19 has through holes 20 through which the bolts 10 are inserted at appropriate intervals.
[0010]
The holder 3 is divided into an inner holder 31 and an outer holder 33, and the inner peripheral surface has a substantially U-shaped cross section with inclined surfaces 31a and 33a and vertical surfaces 31b and 33b, respectively. A notch 35 for fitting the elastic body 5 is provided stepwise from the inclined surface 31a to the vertical surface 31b and from the inclined surface 33a to the vertical surface 33b. When the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33 are combined, the notch 35 forms a substantially V-shaped annular groove. Furthermore, the external holder 33 is provided with a female screw 37 which is screwed with the fastening bolt 9, while the internal holder 31 is provided with a through hole 39 through which the fastening bolt 10 is inserted. A flange 36 is formed at the outer peripheral edge of the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33, and the outer peripheral surface of the flange 36 is a tapered surface.
[0011]
As described above, the holder 3 is divided into the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33, attached to both sides of the insertion plate 19, and the bolt 10 is inserted into the through hole 39 and the through hole 20 of the insertion plate 19. By screwing and tightening the female screw 37, the ring core 1 and the holder 3 are assembled together. In addition, the elastic body 5 can be easily fitted by dividing the holder 3 into an inner holder 31 and an outer holder 33.
[0012]
Next, the elastic body 5 is formed in an annular shape by a rubber-like elastic body, and is divided into two elastic pieces 51 and 52 symmetrically in the left-right direction in the axial direction, and is divided into at least two or more in the circumferential direction. Has been. The elastic pieces 51, 52 are formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section, like the stepped notch 35 formed in the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33, and a heat insulating material 53 is formed on the joint surface with the tire 7. Is provided. The heat insulating material 53 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material excellent in heat resistance, heat shielding properties, and compression resistance. By providing the heat insulating material 53, high heat generated when the tread brake is pressed against the tire tread is blocked from being transmitted to the elastic body 5, preventing deterioration of the elastic body 5 and improving durability.
[0013]
The tire 7 will be described. The inner peripheral surface is formed in a V shape with the center protruding, and a partition plate 70 facing the insertion plate 19 of the ring core 1 is provided in the center of the inner peripheral surface. An annular groove 71 having a generally U-shaped cross section is provided from both side surfaces of the plate 70 to the inner peripheral surface. The inner end of the partition plate 70 is inserted between the holders 3 and faces the insertion plate 19 with a slight gap. Therefore, when the tire 7 and the holder 3 are assembled, the elastic pieces 51 and 52 are fitted in the annular groove 71 having a substantially U-shaped cross section and are sealed by the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33. .
[0014]
When the partition plate 70 to be inserted into the holder 3 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tire 7 as in the above embodiment, the elastic pieces 51 and 52 are completely separated and fitted, so that the axial direction The lateral load is not only suppressed by the elasticity in the shearing direction of the elastic body 5 but also absorbed by the compression deformation of the elastic pieces 51 and 52 between the holder 3 and the partition plate 70. Further, since the lateral load of the partition plate 70 is supported by the vertical surfaces 31b and 33b of the holder 3, traveling stability and safety are ensured, which is particularly advantageous when passing a curve or traveling at high speed. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the flange 36 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33, and the inner peripheral edge of the tire 7 is opposed to the inner peripheral edge by a taper surface. On the other hand, even when the elastic body 5 receives an excessive load, it can be sufficiently supported, and traveling stability and safety are ensured. The tapered surface can be changed in other ways, and may be simply a horizontal surface.
[0015]
FIG. 3 shows the second embodiment, and the point that the inner peripheral surface of the tire is a horizontal surface and the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 36 of the outer peripheral edge of the holder 3 is formed in a step shape is the same as the first embodiment. Different. Accordingly, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of the tire 7 is formed horizontally, and a partition plate 73 facing the insertion plate 19 of the ring core 1 is provided in the center of the inner peripheral surface, and both sides of the partition plate 73 are provided. An annular groove 74 having a substantially L-shaped cross section is provided from the surface to the inner peripheral surface. Therefore, when the tire 7, the inner holder 31, and the outer holder 33 are assembled, a substantially L-shaped annular gap formed by the annular groove 74, the inner holder 31, and the notch 35 of the outer holder 33 is formed. The elastic pieces 51 and 52 are fitted into the gap. The elastic pieces 51 and 52 may be provided with a heat insulating material as in the above embodiment.
[0016]
In the second embodiment, since the outer peripheral edge of the holder 3 and the inner peripheral edge of the tire 7 are opposed to each other by a stepped surface, an excessive axial load is supported as in the above embodiment. It is possible.
[0017]
FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment. In all of the above embodiments, the partition plates 70 and 73 of the tire 7 are supported by the holder 3 against an excessive axial load. In the third embodiment, the load of the tire 7 is adjusted to the wheel. It is supposed to be supported by an insertion plate provided in the core 1. That is, the holder mounting portion 18 of the ring core 1 includes a projecting portion 21 and an insertion plate 23, and the insertion plate 23 is formed to have a length inserted into an annular groove 80 formed on the lower surface of the tire 8. A through hole 24 through which the bolt 10 is inserted is formed in the part. The elastic body 5a includes elastic pieces 55 and 56. Note that the length of the insertion plate 23 does not necessarily have to be inserted into the annular groove 80 formed in the lower surface of the tire 8, and may be a length that allows the elastic pieces 55 and 56 to be attached separately. That's fine. Further, the annular groove 80 on the lower surface of the tire 8 may be omitted.
[0018]
The inner peripheral surfaces of the inner holder 31 and the outer holder 33 constituting the holder 3 are formed by a vertical surface that holds the insertion plate 23 and an inclined surface that fits the elastic pieces 55 and 56, and when combined, the elastic body 5a. As a whole, the fitting surface that fits is formed with a substantially V-shaped annular groove. Further, a flange 36 having an upper surface as a tapered surface is provided at the outer peripheral edge. Next, the inner peripheral surface of the tire 8 is formed in a convex shape, an annular groove 80 is provided in the approximate center, an annular groove 81 is also provided in the vicinity of the edge, and the surface facing the flange 36 is a tapered surface. Formed. The insertion plate 23 and a part of the elastic pieces 55 and 56 are inserted into the approximate center of the annular groove 80.
[0019]
Next, the elastic body 5 a is formed by being divided into two elastic pieces 55 and 56 so that the elastic body 5 a is partitioned by the insertion plate 23 and fits into a gap formed by the upper surface of the holder and the inner peripheral surface of the tire 8. The flange-shaped protrusions 57 and 58 are formed so as to be fitted into the annular grooves 80 and 81. As in the first embodiment, a heat insulating material can be provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of the elastic pieces 55 and 56, that is, the surfaces to be joined to the tire 8.
[0020]
In the above-described configuration, in the annular groove 80, the protrusions 57 of the elastic pieces 55 and 56 are fitted between the tire 8 and the insertion plate 23, so that an excessive lateral load in the axle direction is applied to the elastic pieces 55 and 56. In addition to being suppressed by the elasticity in the shearing direction, it is supported by the insertion plate 23, and the stability and safety of traveling are ensured.
[0021]
FIG. 5 is a modification of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the insertion plate of the ring core 1 is formed as an insertion plate 25 having a bulging tip, and the inner peripheral surface of the tire 8 is a tapered surface toward the center. In addition, an annular groove 83 is provided at the center, and an inward flange 85 is formed at the inner peripheral edge. Also in this embodiment, the insertion plate 25 performs the same operation as the insertion plate 23. Note that the length of the insertion plate 25 does not necessarily have to be inserted into the annular groove 83 formed on the lower surface of the tire 8, and may be a length that allows the elastic pieces 55 and 56 to be attached separately. That's fine. Further, the annular groove 83 on the lower surface of the tire 8 may be omitted.
[0022]
As in the first to fourth embodiments, when the elastic body is divided into left and right parts and disposed on both side surfaces of the tire partition plate or the insertion plate of the holder mounting portion, the brake is a tire tread. High heat generated when the tread brake is pressed against the heat is conducted through the partition plate or the insertion plate and radiated. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the tire tread from becoming hot. In particular, in the first and second embodiments, since the tire tread and the partition plate are integrally continuous, the heat dissipation effect is greater than that of the third embodiment.
[0023]
6 and 7 show an embodiment in which the elastic body is formed without being symmetrically divided in the axial direction. In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the inner holder 42 and the outer holder 43 constituting the holder 3a are abutted on the upper surface of the inner surface, and a notch 44 for fitting the insertion plate 19 is formed on the lower surface of the inner surface. When the inner holder 42 and the outer holder 43 constituting the holder 3a are combined, the fitting surface into which the elastic body is fitted forms a substantially V-shaped annular groove 45, and the elastic body 5b is placed in the substantially V-shaped annular groove 45. Fit. The inner peripheral surface of the tire 9 is a tapered surface toward the center, two annular grooves 90 are provided in parallel at the center, and inward flanges 93 are formed at both ends. The elastic body 5 b is fitted in a gap formed by the holder 3 a and the tire 9.
[0024]
The sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 has two annular grooves 91 provided in the vicinity of both end edges, whereas the fifth embodiment has two annular grooves 90 provided at the center of the tire inner peripheral surface. It is different in point. 6 and 7, the inner peripheral surface of the tire may be an annular groove having the same width as the elastic body. The shape of the elastic body 5b is determined in accordance with the shape of the gap formed by the holder 3a and the tire 9. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the elastic body may be divided into two elastic pieces in the axial direction, and may be brought into contact with each other.
[0025]
In the first to sixth embodiments, the elastic body is fixed to the tire and the holder, and when the heat insulating material is used, the heat generating material, the elastic body and the holder are fixed to each other, so that the twist generated in the wheel when passing the curve. It is possible to prevent slipping between the tire and the center of the wheel due to torque, and it is possible to perform more stable running. Further, by forming the elastic body from block-shaped elastic pieces that are divided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the mold and the molding machine can be reduced in size, and the price of the elastic body can be reduced. In addition, by forming either the inner holder or the outer holder integrally with the ring core, the number of parts can be reduced and the assembly can be further simplified.
[0026]
Next, a method for fitting the elastic body in the above embodiment into the holder will be described. Even if the elastic body or the elastic piece is continuously fitted as shown in FIG. May be. That is, FIG. 8A is a case where the elastic body 5 divided into four equal parts in the circumferential direction is closely fitted, and FIG. 8B is divided into smaller parts than the four equal parts. This is a case where four elastic bodies are fitted with an interval 95 between adjacent elastic bodies 5. Thus, in the present invention, the elastic body can be divided into two or more in the circumferential direction, and can be fitted continuously or with a predetermined interval. The number of divisions is not particularly limited as long as it is 2 or more.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
An elastic wheel for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is composed of a wheel center, a holder, a tire, and a bolt for fastening and fixing the holder to the wheel center, and the holder is divided into an inner holder and an outer holder and assembled. Since the structure is adopted, the assembly is easy, and the elastic body is not twisted or sealed in a partially deformed state. Therefore, it is excellent in durability and ensures stable running. In addition, by interposing a heat insulating material between the elastic body and the tire, it is possible to prevent the elastic body from being affected by high heat generated on the tire tread when the tread brake is pressed against the tire tread.
[0028]
When the elastic body is divided into two elastic pieces in the axial direction and the elastic pieces are fitted on both sides of a partition plate protruding substantially at the center of the inner peripheral surface of the tire, an excessive load in the axial direction Is also supported by the partition plate. Also, when the insertion plate of the ring core is extended so that the two elastic pieces are fitted on both sides of the insertion plate, the excessive load in the axial direction is also supported by the insertion plate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an upper half of an elastic wheel for a railway vehicle showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view in the same exploded state.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a main part of a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a main part of a third embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a main part of a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a main part of a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a main part of a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory front view of an elastic wheel showing a method of fitting an elastic body, in which FIG. 8 (a) is a case where the elastic body is fitted in close contact, and FIG. This is the case when it is opened and fitted.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheel center 3, 3a Holder 5, 5a, 5b Elastic body 7, 8, 9 Tire 10 Tightening bolt 11 Boss part 13 Plate part 15, 18 Holder attaching part 17, 21 Protrusion part 19, 23, 25 Insertion board 20, 24 Through-holes 31, 42 Internal holders 33, 43 External holders 31a, 33a Inclined surfaces 31b, 33b Vertical surface 35 Notch 36 Hook 37 Female screw 39 Through-hole 44 Notch 45 V-shaped annular groove 51, 52 Elastic piece 53 Insulating material 55, 56 Elastic pieces 57, 58 Flange-like projections 70, 73 Partition plates 71, 74 Annular grooves 80, 81, 83, 90, 91 Annular grooves 93 ridges 95 Spacing

Claims

An elastic wheel in which an elastic body is sealed to a tire, the wheel is composed of a wheel core 1 , a holder 3 , 3a , tires 7 , 8 , 9 and a bolt 10 for fastening and fixing the holder 3 , 3a to the wheel core 1 . the projecting portions 17 and 21 of the outer peripheral portion of the of Washington 1 placing the axially projecting holder, the holder mounting portion consisting of the insertion plate 19,23,25 Metropolitan bored a hole 20, 24 for inserting the bolt 10 15 and 18 ungated, the holder will be separately formed on the inner holder 31, 42 and outer holder 33, 43 arranged on both sides of the insertion plate, the inner holder 31, 42 and outer holder 33, 43 Is formed with a flange 36 at the outer peripheral edge, and a through hole 39 through which the bolt 10 is inserted is drilled in one of the internal holders 31 and 42 and the external holders 33 and 43 , and the other is bolt 10 It was engraved screwed female thread 37, provided with an annular groove 71,74,80,83,90,91 on the inner peripheral surface of the tire 7, 8, 9, the inner peripheral edge portion and the holder 3 , 3a, inwardly facing flange portions 85, 93 facing the flange portion 36, and inner holders 31, disposed on the inner peripheral surfaces of the tires 7, 8, 9 and on both sides of the insertion plates 19 , 23 , 25 , The elastic body 5, 5a, 5b is fitted into the gap formed between the outer surface of the insertion plate 42 and the outer holders 33 , 43, and the elastic body is sealed by fixing the inner holder and the outer holder with bolts on both sides of the insertion plate. An elastic wheel for railway vehicles characterized by wearing.

The elastic wheel for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating material (53) is interposed between the elastic bodies (5 , 5a) and the tires (7 , 8 , 9 ).

The elastic wheel for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a facing surface of the flange portion 36 of the holder 3, 3a and the flange portion 85, 93 of the tire is a tapered surface .

The elastic wheel for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the facing surfaces of the flange part 36 of the holder 3, 3a and the flange parts 85, 93 of the tire are stepped surfaces .

The elastic bodies 5 and 5a are divided into two elastic pieces 55 and 56 in the axial direction, the insertion plate of the ring core is extended, and two elastic pieces 55 and 56 are provided on both sides of the extended insertion plates 23 and 25. The elastic wheel for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized by being fitted .

Annular grooves 80 and 83 are formed in the substantially central portion of the inner peripheral surface of the tire 8, and the ends of the insertion plates 23 and 25, which are extended from the ring centers, are inserted into the annular grooves 80.83 to provide two elasticity. railway vehicle elastic wheel as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pieces 55 and 56 was Hai設Su so that on both sides of the insertion plate 23 and 25.

The inner holder 42 and the outer holder 43 are abutted at the upper part of the inner surface, provided with a notch 44 for inserting the insertion plate 19 at the lower part of the inner surface, and an annular groove that fits the elastic body 5b on the inner peripheral surface of the tire 9 The elastic wheel for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein 90 and 91 are formed .