JP3921905B2 - Output structure of portable generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an output structure of a portable generator such as a portable engine generator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional layout example of a portable engine generator is shown in FIG.
The portable engine generator mainly comprises a prime mover 1, a single-phase AC generator 2, a fuel tank 3, an operation panel 4 fixed to the front surface thereof, an air cleaner 5 on the side surface, and an exhaust silencer cover 6 on the rear surface. The crankshaft of the prime mover 1 and the shaft of the generator 2 are directly connected on the same axis and are grounded via a vibration isolating rubber 7a of a foot 7 provided integrally therewith.
The prime mover is an air-cooled four-cycle gasoline engine, and the starter is a pull string type (recoil starter type).
[0003]
The operation panel 4 is made by attaching a vinyl chloride sheet with operation indication on a base iron plate, and a pilot lamp 8 for displaying the power generation state from above, an outlet 9 for supplying the generated AC output to the load, AC AC circuit protector 10 which is an output overload protection device, engine switch 11 for stopping the engine, terminal terminals “+ pole, −pole” 12 for supplying DC output for battery charging, DC output overload protection A DC circuit protector 13 as a device is incorporated.
[0004]
The generator is a single-phase AC generator of an open type, an internal fan cooling, and a self-excitation, and includes a stator 14, a rotor 15, and an aluminum casting bracket 16. The coils of the stator 14 are classified into an AC output coil, a DC output coil, and an exciter coil for excitation. The rotor is a rotor coil.
[0005]
Examples of the circuit structure of the generator are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and circuit diagrams are shown in FIGS. Moreover, the winding state to the slot of each coil with respect to the stator core of the stator 14 is shown in FIG.
Usually, the direct current output is taken out from a part of the alternating current output coil 17 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 10 and converted into direct current by the rectifier 21, and the alternating current output as shown in FIGS. There is a separate winding method in which a direct current output coil 18 is provided separately from the coil 17, an alternating current output is taken out from the coil 18 and converted into direct current by a rectifier 21. The AC output of the coil 17 and the DC output of the rectifier 21 are transmitted to the operation panel side via the connector 25 (AC is connected to the R and Br terminals, DC is connected to the B and W terminals, and ground is connected to G / Y). It has become so. Reference numerals 19 and 19a denote an exciter coil and its capacitor, 26a denotes a magnet, 26b denotes a spark plug, 27 denotes an oil sensor, and 28 denotes an oil alarm unit.
[0006]
In general, the former intermediate tap method corresponds to a domestic standard and a destination of a non-special export country, and has a low cost structure.
On the other hand, the latter separated winding method is a destination for European standards, Canadian standards, etc., and has a structure that is suitable for ensuring insulation protection between AC and DC coils (because high voltage does not occur due to some trouble when using DC) Structure).
However, with this separate winding method, insulative paper is installed manually (installed between the AC output line and the DC output line) by a skilled worker in order to ensure insulation protection of the output line take-out part, and the work load is extremely high. The cost was high.
[0007]
In addition, while demanding small size, light weight, and high output, an AC output coil is wound as much as possible in order to bring out the power generation output capacity limit. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the slots 23 into which the coils of the stator core 22 are inserted are, for example, 36 slots in total, and there is a limit to the coils that can be wound in one slot 23, and if that limit is exceeded. This causes an adverse effect that the coil cannot be inserted into the slot or that the cooling efficiency of the coil is reduced.
Under these conditions, the number of empty slots (23a) into which the AC output coil is inserted is reduced, and the output is inevitably lowered as compared with the intermediate tap method.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in recent years, in order to harmonize the standards of this type of portable generator, it has become necessary to deal with the design in accordance with ISO worldwide as well as domestic standards.
Therefore, the latter separated winding structure is required as the direct current output structure, but there are the following problems.
[0009]
1) With the aging of skilled workers, there will be a depletion of human resources who can deal with separated volumes.
2) Since it is manufactured manually, the cost increases. In addition, by supporting all specifications, the number of units increases, making it impossible to handle production.
3) The smaller the generator, the worse the winding workability.
4) Even if the power generation output capacity is brought out to the limit, the structure is disadvantageous for small size, light weight and high output. In addition, the cost is increased because the size cannot be reduced.
5) Since the simultaneous use of AC and DC may not be able to reliably supply power to the load side, the simultaneous use is indicated to be prohibited. However, it is not a reliable protection measure because AC / DC simultaneous output is actually performed.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and can ensure insulation performance equivalent to that of a separate winding, further improve AC output performance, and can automate coil molding work. It is an object of the present invention to provide an output structure of a portable generator that can improve efficiency and enable reliable commercialization even if it is not an expert.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
The present invention provides a portable power generator of the AC-DC output of arranging the coils in a stator core slot, an AC output coil and an AC-DC combination coils are arranged as a separate coil in the slot, the AC-DC combination A rectifying element that rectifies the AC output of the coil and converts it to DC, and when DC output is required , the AC output coil is opened to prohibit AC output, and the AC output of the AC / DC combined coil is rectified. When an AC output is required when connected to an element and an AC output is required, the DC output is prohibited by opening the connection with the rectifying element, and an AC / DC combined coil and the AC output coil are connected in series. And it is the output structure of the portable generator characterized by having the changeover switch made to carry out alternating current output collectively from all the coils .
[0012]
According to the present invention, in the generator, the AC output coil and the AC / DC combined coil are separately arranged in the slot, and when a DC output is required by the changeover switch, the AC output of the combined coil is used as a rectifying element. When the AC output is required, the AC output of the AC / DC combined coil can be used when the AC output is required. When the AC output is required, the AC output coil and the AC / DC combined coil Both outputs can be used. For this reason, it is possible to use fewer AC output coils to obtain the same AC output as compared with the conventional DC output dedicated coil, that is, the number of slots used can be reduced.
Therefore, since there are more empty slots than before, it is possible to wind a large number of AC output coils in the empty slots, and it is possible to set a generator that is small, light and high in output. Further, if the output is the same, the size can be reduced as compared with the conventional generator, and the stack of the stator core and the rotor core can be reduced to reduce the cost.
Since there is an empty slot, it is not necessary to wind an unreasonable coil in one slot, and the workability when inserting the coil is improved. Moreover, the coil cooling efficiency is improved due to the space in the slot.
Since an AC voltage is basically output from the output terminal of the AC / DC combined coil, it is not necessary to insulate the DC output terminal from the AC output terminal as in the past while ensuring the same insulation performance as that of the separate winding. In addition, the AC output performance can be further improved.
In addition, since manual insulation work is not required, the coil forming work can be automated, work efficiency can be improved, and the product can be surely produced without any response from a skilled person, and the problem of the successor is eliminated. Insulating paper can be eliminated and costs can be reduced. In addition, the ripple effect on other models is great.
[0013]
Here, the simultaneous use of AC and DC with conventional generators may not be able to reliably supply power to the load side, so it was prohibited on the display, but AC and DC are structurally output. As a result, no safeguards were available.
In contrast, the changeover switch, when AC-DC combination coils DC output selection releases the AC output coil, to Runode the structure to prohibit the AC output, at the time of DC use eliminates ensure the AC coil output, insulation Secure protection.
In the present invention, the change-over switch prohibits connection to the rectifier when AC output is selected, and allows AC output to be collectively output from both the AC output coil and the AC / DC combined coil in series. to Runode can afford to use without waste can be output at the coil an AC output in the slot.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the circuit structure of the generator according to the embodiment (at the time of AC output), FIG. 2 is the same explanatory diagram (at the time of DC output), FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit of FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the slot arrangement of the stator windings, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the operation panel as viewed from the front.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an AC / DC output engine-driven portable generator in which a coil is arranged in a slot 23 of a stator core 22. Since the whole structure of this generator can be raised as an example shown in FIG.
[0015]
In this generator, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, an AC output coil 30 and an AC / DC combined coil 31 are arranged as separate coils in a slot 23 of the stator 14. In addition to the generator, the operation panel 4 shown in FIG. 6 includes a bridge-type rectifier (rectifier element) 21 that rectifies the AC output of the combined coil 31 and converts it into DC (not shown). When the DC output is required, the AC output of the combined coil 31 is connected to the rectifier 21 and DC output is made from the rectifier 21, and when the AC output is required, the AC output of the AC / DC combined coil 31 can be used. The changeover switches 32a and 32b are configured as described above.
[0016]
More specifically, the AC output coil 30 and the AC / DC combined coil 31 are arranged as separate coils on the stator 22 side, but the output side of both coils is connected via the connector 25 (the AC output coil 30 is R). , Br, AC / DC combined coil 31 is B, W, and ground wire is G / Y), which is connected to the operation panel 4 side.
On the operation panel 4 side, a two-pole double-throw switch (32a, 32b) for switching from the common C to the AC pole and the DC pole is provided so as to interlock with a pair. A rectifier 21 is also provided on the operation panel 4 side.
[0017]
The R terminal of the AC output coil 30 is connected to one pole of the AC outlet 9 and one pole of the pilot lamp 8 from the connector 25 via the AC circuit protector 10, and the Br terminal is connected to the AC pole of one changeover switch 32a. Connected. The W terminal of the AC / DC combined coil 31 is connected to the common C of one changeover switch 32a via the connector 25, and the B terminal is connected to the common C of the other changeover switch 32b via the connector 25. It is connected. The DC side of one changeover switch 32 a is connected to one AC input end of the rectifier 21, and the DC side of the other changeover switch 32 b is connected to the other AC input end of the rectifier 21. The AC side of the other changeover switch 32b is connected to the other pole of the AC outlet 9 and the other pole of the pilot lamp 8.
The output terminal of the rectifier 21 is connected to a DC output terminal 12.
The ground of the G / Y terminal of the connector 25 is connected to the ground terminal of the outlet 9 and the ground electrode side of the engine switch.
[0018]
In the generator, at the time of AC output, as shown in FIG. 1, the selector switches 32a and 32b are both set to the AC side and operated. The AC output coil 30 is connected to one pole of the outlet 9 through the AC circuit protector 10 from the R terminal. The Br terminal of the AC output coil 30 is connected to the W terminal of the AC / DC combined coil 31 from the AC side of the changeover switch 32a via the common C, and the B terminal of the combined coil 31 is connected to the AC of the changeover switch 32b. A connection state is established from the side contact to the other pole of the outlet 9.
Therefore, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 1, the AC output coil 30 and the AC / DC combined coil 31 are connected in series with each other to the load connected to the outlet by applying a generated voltage between the poles of the outlet 9. AC power can be supplied up to 30, 31 capacity limit. At this time, the temporary side of the rectifier 21 is released by the changeover switch, and no DC voltage is applied to the DC output terminal 12.
[0019]
On the other hand, at the time of direct current output, as shown in FIG. 2, both the changeover switches 32a and 32b are set to the DC side for operation. The AC terminal is connected to one pole of the outlet 9 from the R terminal of the AC output coil 30 via the AC circuit protector 10, but the AC side of the changeover switch 32a connected to the Br terminal of the AC output coil 30 is released. On the other hand, the W terminal of the AC / DC combined coil 31 is connected to the input side of the rectifier 21 via the common C and DC side contact of the switch 32a, and the B terminal of the combined coil 31 is connected to the switch 32b. The DC side contact is connected to the rectifier 21 input side. The “+” output voltage of the rectifier 21 is applied to the “+ pole” of the terminal terminal 12 via the DC circuit protector 13, and the “−” output voltage is applied to the “− pole” of the terminal terminal 12.
Therefore, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 2, the AC / DC combined coil 31 supplies a DC voltage to the terminal terminal 12 via the rectifier 21. Thereby, the battery can be charged from the terminal terminal 12. At this time, since both the changeover switches 32a and 32b are in the open state, no voltage is applied to the outlet 9.
[0020]
As described above, in the generator according to the embodiment, the AC output coil 30 and the AC / DC combined coil 31 are separately arranged in the slot 23, and when the DC output is required by the changeover switches 32a and 32b, the combined use is performed. When the AC output of the coil 31 is connected to the rectifying element 21 to output a direct current from the element 21 and the AC output is required, the AC output of the combined AC / DC coil 31 can be used. The outputs of both the AC output coil 30 and the AC / DC combined coil 31 can be used. For this reason, fewer AC output coils are used to obtain the same AC output as compared with the conventional DC output dedicated coil. In other words, the number of used slots can be reduced.
Therefore, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 5 and FIG. 12, since there are more empty slots 23a than in the prior art, it is possible to wind a large number of AC output coils in the empty slots. Machine setting is possible. Further, if the output is the same, the size can be reduced as compared with the conventional generator, and the stack of the stator core and the rotor core can be reduced to reduce the cost.
Further, since the empty slot 23a is formed, it is not necessary to forcibly wind the coil into one slot 23, and the workability when inserting the coil is improved. Moreover, the coil cooling efficiency is improved due to the space in the slot.
[0021]
In addition, since the AC voltage is basically output from the output terminal of the AC / DC combined coil, the insulation between the DC output terminal and the AC output terminal is maintained as in the past while ensuring the insulation performance equivalent to that of the separate winding. While not necessary, the AC output performance can be further improved.
In addition, since manual insulation work is not required, the coil forming work can be automated, work efficiency can be improved, and the product can be surely produced without any response from a skilled person, and the problem of the successor is eliminated. Insulating paper can be eliminated and costs can be reduced. Great ripple effect on other models.
[0022]
Here, the simultaneous use of AC and DC with conventional generators may not be able to reliably supply power to the load side, so it was prohibited on the display, but AC and DC are structurally output. As a result, no safeguards were available. On the other hand, if the changeover switch has a structure in which the AC output coil is released and the AC output is prohibited when the AC / DC combined coil DC output is selected, the AC coil output is surely eliminated during DC use, so that it is insulated. Can be surely protected.
The changeover switches 32a and 32b prohibit the connection with the rectifying element when the AC output is selected, and allow the AC output collectively from both the AC output coil and the AC / DC combined coil by series connection or the like. For example, the coil in the slot can be used without waste during AC output, and the output can be afforded.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the insulation performance equivalent to that of the separated winding can be ensured, and the AC output performance can be further improved, and the coil molding operation can be automated and the work efficiency can be improved. Even if it is not an expert, it can be ensured that commercialization is possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a circuit structure of a generator according to an embodiment (during AC output).
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view (during DC output).
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an equivalent circuit of each coil at the time of DC output.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a stator coil winding.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of arrangement of windings of a stator core.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an operation panel.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a general generator.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional intermediate tap generator.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional separated winding generator.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of an intermediate tap type stator coil winding;
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a stator coil winding of a separate winding method.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of stator core windings.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 AC generator 21 Rectifier 22 Stator core 23 Slot 30 AC output coil 31 AC / DC combined coil 32a, 32b selector switch

Claims (1)

In an AC / DC output portable generator with a coil placed in the stator core slot,
An AC output coil and an AC / DC combined coil arranged as separate coils in the slot;
A rectifying element that rectifies the alternating current output of the alternating current / direct current coil and converts it into direct current;
When the DC output is required , the AC output coil is opened to prohibit the AC output, the AC output of the AC / DC combined coil is connected to the rectifier element, the DC output is made from the element, and the AC output is required. At that time , the DC output is prohibited by opening the connection with the rectifying element, and the AC / DC combined coil and the AC output coil are connected in series so that the AC output is collectively output from all the coils. An output structure of a portable generator, comprising a changeover switch.

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