JP3919706B2 - How to make handrails for spiral stairs - Google Patents

How to make handrails for spiral stairs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3919706B2
JP3919706B2 JP2003184883A JP2003184883A JP3919706B2 JP 3919706 B2 JP3919706 B2 JP 3919706B2 JP 2003184883 A JP2003184883 A JP 2003184883A JP 2003184883 A JP2003184883 A JP 2003184883A JP 3919706 B2 JP3919706 B2 JP 3919706B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
handrail
spiral
elements
handrail element
shape
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2003184883A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2005016222A (en
Inventor
茂典 豊田
英治 田島
隆資 斉藤
Original Assignee
成瀬特殊木材株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 成瀬特殊木材株式会社 filed Critical 成瀬特殊木材株式会社
Priority to JP2003184883A priority Critical patent/JP3919706B2/en
Publication of JP2005016222A publication Critical patent/JP2005016222A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3919706B2 publication Critical patent/JP3919706B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
建物の下階と上階との間を昇降するために使用される階段の1つに螺旋階段があり、この螺旋階段は、水平専有スペースが少なく、見栄えにも優れているとされている。また、螺旋階段では、螺旋方向に並べて設置された踏板に小柱を立ち上げ、その小柱によって手摺りを支えさせると共に、手摺りの下端と上端とのそれぞれを親柱に連結していることが多い。
【0003】
従来、この種の螺旋階段に備わっている螺旋状に延びる手摺りには、たとえば矩形や繭形、山形といった断面形状(以下、円形以外の形状を「異形」ということにする)が付与されていた。たとえば、先行例には、図9に示したように、矩形の断面形状を付与した手摺り1が図示されている(たとえば、特許文献1又は特許文献2参照)。これらの先行例に見られるように、たとえば矩形の断面形状が付与された手摺り1において、それの内外の側面11,12に垂直性を付与して満足できる使用感を与えたものでは、図9に説明的に示したところから明らかなように、手摺り1の形状が、仮想線で示した一定肉厚の仮想円筒体100の筒壁110を螺旋状に切り出したものの形状に相当している。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
実公平7−48843号公報
【特許文献2】
実公平7−50507号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、矩形や繭形、山形といった異形の断面形状を備えた螺旋状に延びる手摺りは、図9で説明したところから類推することができるように、手摺り1の全体形状が3次元形状になっているために製作が容易でない。特に、木製の手摺りでは、木材から異形断面形状の螺旋状の手摺りの全長部分を削り出すという作業はきわめて困難で、不可能に近い作業である。
【0006】
そこで、同図のように手摺り1の全長部分を複数箇所で分割することによって形成されることが想定される短い分割要素1aと同一の3次元螺旋形状の手摺り要素を個別に製作した後、それらの分割要素1aを連結することによって螺旋形状を形作るという施工方法を採用することが考えられる。
【0007】
ところで、断面形状が異形であって螺旋状に延びる手摺り1の全長部分を分割することによって形成されることが想定される分割要素1aと同一の3次元螺旋形状の手摺り要素は、その長さが手摺り1に比べて短くなるので、螺旋状の手摺り1の全長部分を木材から削り出す場合に比べると、それだけ製作が容易になるということが云えるものの、そのような異形断面形状を有する手摺り要素は、その全体形状が長さの長短にかかわらず3次元形状であることに変わりはない。したがって、そのような手摺り要素を木材から削り出すのは容易でない。
【0008】
とりわけ、断面形状に凹凸が存在しているような場合には手摺り要素個々の木材からの削り出しが困難であるだけでなく、個別に製作した手摺り要素の連結箇所に段差が生じないようになる程度の仕上がり精度を個々の手摺り要素に付与することには、多大な熟練と困難が伴い、製作コストひいては螺旋階段の施工コストが大幅に高騰することを避けることができない。
【0009】
本発明は以上の状況に鑑みてなされたものであって、螺旋状に延びる手摺りの全長部分を分割することによって形成されることが想定される3次元曲り形状の分割要素に近似する2次元円弧状の手摺り要素を用いることを基本とし、その手摺り要素を木材から削り出すという製作技術に高度性がそれほど要求されなくなって手摺り要素の製作が容易になるだけでなく、手摺り要素を互いに連結することによって形成される螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体を手摺りとすることによって得られる螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0010】
また、本発明は、手摺り要素を安価に製作して螺旋階段やその施工に必要なコストを安く抑えることのできる螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【0012】
さらに、本発明は、施工性に優れた螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明を説明する前に、まず本発明の参考例を説明する。
本発明の参考例に係る螺旋階段は、螺旋状に延びる木製の手摺りを備え、その手摺りが、踏板に立ち上げられた小柱によって支えられていると共に、その手摺りの下端が下部親柱に、その上端が上部親柱に、それぞれ連結されている螺旋階段において、上記手摺りの全長部分を複数箇所で分割することによって形成されることが想定される3次元形状に曲がった分割要素のそれぞれとして、軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が円形で、かつ、上記分割要素の3次元曲り形状に近似する2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素を採用し、相隣接する手摺り要素同士を相互に連結することによって形成される螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体を上記手摺りとしたものである。ここで、「3次元曲り形状の分割要素」とは、つる巻き状に曲がった分割要素、言い換えると、当該分割要素を平面上に寝かせておいてもその分割要素の全長部分がその平面に接触しないようにつる巻き状に曲がった分割要素を意味している。「2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素」とは、当該手摺り要素を平面上に寝かせておいたときに、当該手摺り要素の全長部分がその平面に接触するような円弧形状の手摺り要素を意味している。また、「分割要素の3次元曲り形状に近似する2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素」とは、3次元曲り形状の分割要素の平面投影像と2次元円弧状の手摺り要素の平面投影像とを対比した場合に、2次元円弧状の手摺り要素の平面投影像の大部分が、3次元曲り形状の分割要素の平面投影像と略重なり合う程度に近似していることを意味し、螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体とは、所要数の2次元円弧状の手摺り要素のそれぞれに同一勾配を付与してそれらを連結することによって形成される3次元形状の手摺り要素連結体のことである。
【0014】
この構成であると、手摺りとして用いた手摺り要素連結体を形成している個々の手摺り要素が2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなるので、個々の手摺り要素を木材から削り出す場合に、3次元曲り形状の手摺り要素を木材から削り出すことに比べて技術に高度性が要求されなくなり、それだけ手摺り要素を容易かつ安価に製作することが可能になる。このことが、手摺りとして用いた手摺り要素連結体が複数の手摺り要素を連結することによって形成されることと併せて、螺旋階段の価格を安価に抑えることに役立つ。さらに、手摺り要素が丸棒材でなるので、手摺り要素同士の連結箇所では両方の手摺り要素を段差なく連結することが容易になってそれだけ施工性に優れた螺旋階段が得られる。
【0015】
本発明の参考例では、複数の手摺り要素が、下部親柱に連結された1つの下部手摺り要素と、上部親柱に連結された1つの上部手摺り要素と、それらの下部手摺り要素と上部手摺り要素との相互間に配備された複数の中間部手摺り要素とに区別されていて、複数の中間部手摺り要素のそれぞれが同一円弧長さを有している、という構成を採用することが可能であり、これによれば、複数の中間部手摺り要素を同一円弧長さに製作すればよいのでそれだけ中間部手摺り要素を製作しやすくなる。また、手摺りの全長部分に対する中間部手摺り要素の円弧長さ又は中間部手摺り要素の使用個数を適切に定めやすくなり、そのことによって手摺りの設計が容易になるという利点がある。
【0016】
本発明の参考例では、下部手摺り要素及び上部手摺り要素の長さが、中間部手摺り要素の円弧長さと同等又はそれより短いことが望ましい。これによれば、下部手摺り要素又は上部手摺り要素に中間部手摺り要素をそのまま転用したり、あるいは、下部手摺り要素又は上部手摺り要素に、中間部手摺り要素を切断してその円弧長さを短く調節したものを転用することができる。その結果、工場での手摺り要素の製作段階では、下部手摺り要素、上部手摺り要素及び中間部手摺り要素のすべてを同一円弧長さに製作することができるという利点がある。
【0017】
本発明の参考例では、相隣接する手摺り要素同士の連結箇所において、上記小柱に固着された1つの手摺り受具に両方の手摺り要素が固着されていることが望ましい。これによれば、相隣接する手摺り要素同士が、1つの手摺り受具によって位置ずれしないように固着されるので、手摺り要素同士の連結箇所での納まり具合を容易に良好に保つことが可能になる。
【0018】
本発明の参考例では、相隣接する手摺り要素同士の連結箇所において、一方側手摺り要素に一体に具備された凸部が、他方側手摺り要素に具備された凹部に嵌合されることによって、両方の手摺り要素が互いに位置決めされていることが望ましい。これによれば、相隣接する手摺り要素同士がその連結箇所で1つの手摺り受具に固着されることと相まって、手摺り要素同士の連結箇所での納まり具合をいっそう良好に保つことが可能になる。
【0019】
本発明の参考例では、相隣接する手摺り要素同士が、それらの連結箇所で接着剤又は止具を用いて固着されていることが望ましい。これによれば、接着剤又は止具によって固着された2つの手摺り要素がねじれるという事態が起こらないので、手摺り要素同士の連結箇所での納まり具合がいっそう良好に保たれる。
【0020】
本発明の参考例において、手摺り要素は、その曲率中心から見た両端の開き角度が45度よりも大きく90度よりも小さく定められていることが望ましい。手摺り要素の長さを、このような開き角度によって一定範囲内に限定すると、木材から削り出す1つの手摺り要素の曲り度合がそれほど大きくならなくなる。言い換えると、2つの手摺り要素がまっすぐに近い形状になって木材から容易に削り出すことができるようになる。
【0021】
本発明の参考例に係る螺旋階段の施工方法は、螺旋状に延びる木製の手摺りを備え、その手摺りが、踏板に立ち上げられた小柱によって支えられていると共に、その手摺りの下端が下部親柱に、その上端が上部親柱に、それぞれ連結された螺旋階段の施工方法において、上記手摺りの全長部分を複数箇所で分割することによって形成されることが想定される3次元形状に曲がった分割要素のそれぞれとして、軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が円形で、かつ、上記分割要素の3次元曲り形状に近似する2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素を採用し、それらの手摺り要素を連結して螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体を形成し、その手摺り要素連結体を上記手摺りとする、というものである。
【0022】
この施工方法によると、製作が容易で安価な2次元円弧状の丸棒材を手摺り要素として用いていて、その手摺り要素を連結してなる螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体を螺旋状の手摺りとするので、螺旋階段を全体として安価に施工することが可能になる。しかも、手摺り要素連結体は、2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素を連結することによって形作られるので、そのことも螺旋階段を全体として安価に施工することに役立つ。
【0023】
本発明の参考例の施工方法では、所要本数の丸棒材でなる複数の手摺り要素を、下部親柱に連結する1つの下部手摺り要素と、上部親柱に連結する1つの上部手摺り要素と、それらの下部手摺り要素と上部手摺り要素との相互間に配備する同一長さの複数の中間部手摺り要素とに区別し、下部親柱に連結した下部手摺り要素に複数の中間部手摺り要素を下から上に向かって順次連結した後、上部手摺り要素を最上位の中間部手摺り要素と上部親柱とに連結することが望ましい。これによれば、手摺り要素を下から上に向かって順次連結することによって螺旋状の手摺りの全長部分を形作ることが可能になる。
【0024】
また、手摺り要素を下から上に向かって順次連結することによって螺旋状の手摺りの全長部分を形作る場合に、下部親柱に連結する前の下部手摺り要素の長さを、中間部手摺り要素のそれぞれと同一長さに定めておき、下部手摺り要素を下部親柱に連結したときに、その下部手摺り要素とそれに連結する中間部手摺り要素との連結箇所でそれら両方の手摺り要素を小柱に固着された1つの手摺り受具に固着することができるように、下部手摺り要素を切断してその下部手摺り要素の長さを調節することが望ましい。また、上部親柱に連結する前の上部手摺り要素の長さを、中間部手摺り要素のそれぞれと同一長さに定めておき、上部手摺り要素を上部親柱に連結したときに、最上位の中間部手摺り要素と当該上部手摺り要素との連結箇所でそれら両方の手摺り要素を小柱に固着された1つの手摺り受具に固着することができるように、上部手摺り要素を切断してその上部手摺り要素の長さを調節することが望ましい。このような施工方法を採用すると、下部手摺り要素、上部手摺り要素及び中間部手摺り要素のすべてを同じ円弧長さのものとして製作しておき、そのうちの下部手摺り要素又は上部手摺り要素だけを施工現場で所望長さに切断して使用するという手順を採ることができるようになるので、手摺り要素の全部を安価に製作することができ、しかも、施工にそれほどの熟練を必要しなくなる。
【0025】
本発明の参考例の施工方法において、手摺り要素は、その曲率中心から見た両端の開き角度が45度よりも大きく90度よりも小さく定められていることが望ましく、そのような開き角度が手摺り要素は、まっすぐに近い形状を備えているために、取扱性が向上して施工時の作業性の向上に役立つ。
【0026】
本発明の参考例に係る螺旋階段の手摺りは、螺旋階段に設置される螺旋状に延びる木製の手摺りにおいて、上記手摺りの全長部分を複数箇所で分割することによって形成されることが想定される3次元形状に曲がった分割要素のそれぞれとして、軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が円形で、かつ、上記分割要素の3次元曲り形状に近似する2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素を採用し、相隣接する手摺り要素同士を相互に連結することによって形成される螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体でなる。
【0027】
この構成であると、上述したところと同様に、手摺りとした手摺り要素連結体を形成している個々の手摺り要素が2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなるので、個々の手摺り要素を木材から削り出す場合に、3次元曲り形状の分割要素を木材から削り出すことに比べて技術に高度性が要求されなくなり、それだけ手摺り要素を容易かつ安価に製作することが可能になる。そのため、手摺りとして螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体が複数の手摺り要素を連結することによって形成されることと併せて、螺旋階段の価格を安価に抑えることに役立つ。さらに、手摺り要素が丸棒材でなるので、手摺り要素同士の連結箇所では両方の手摺り要素を段差なく連結することが容易になってそれだけ施工性に優れた螺旋階段が得られる。
【0028】
本発明に係る螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法は、螺旋階段に設置される螺旋状に延びる木製の手摺りの製作方法において軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が円形で、かつ、2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素を連結して螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体を形成し、上記手摺り要素連結体を削り出すことによって、その手摺り要素連結体を、軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が非円形になるように加工し、その後、手摺り要素連結体を個々の手摺り要素に分解して螺旋階段施工場所に搬入した後、その分解された個々の手摺り要素を螺旋階段施工場所で再度連結することによって手摺り要素連結体を組み立て、組み立てられた手摺り要素連結体を上記手摺りとするものである。
【0029】
この方法によれば、断面形状が円形以外の異形の手摺りを、安価に得られるようになる。
【0030】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は本発明の参考例に係る螺旋階段の概略外観図、図2は説明的に示した同螺旋階段の平面図である。
【0031】
この螺旋階段では、芯柱20に所望の蹴上げ寸法に見合う垂直間隔を隔てて所要段数の踏板21が螺旋方向に並べて取り付けられている。また、それぞれの踏板21には小柱22が立ち上げられていて、それらの小柱22の頂部に取り付けられた手摺り受具23のそれぞれによって、螺旋近似形状に延びる木製の手摺り要素連結体30の複数箇所が支えられ、さらに、その手摺り要素連結体30の下端が下階の床に設置された下部親柱24に連結され、かつ、その手摺り要素連結体30の上端が踊場26の床に設置された上部親柱25に連結されている。図例の螺旋階段では、最下段の踏板21と最上段の踏板21とは約360度の角度を隔てている。そのため、螺旋近似形状に延びる手摺り要素連結体30の下端と上端とが約360度の角度を隔てている。
【0032】
この螺旋階段において、手摺り要素連結体30は、その全長部分が複数(たとえば7つ)の木製の手摺り要素40に分割されていて、そのうちの1つが下部親柱24に連結された下部手摺り要素41として用いられ、他の1つが上部親柱25に連結された上部手摺り要素42として用いられ、残りの5つが下部手摺り要素41と上部手摺り要素42との相互間に配備された中間部手摺り要素43として用いられている(図6〜図8参照)。
【0033】
図3(A)は手摺り要素40を単体で示した平面図、同(B)は同(A)のIIIB−IIIB線に沿う部分の拡大断面図である。
【0034】
この手摺り要素40は、軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線aに直交する断面形状が図3(B)に示した円形に形成されていると共に、平面形状は図3(A)のような円弧状であり、図3(A)の矢印Y又はY’方向から見た側面形状は直線状である。すなわち、この手摺り要素40は、断面形状が円形に形成された2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる。そして、当該手摺り要素40は、その曲率中心Oから見た両端の開き角度が45度よりも大きく90度よりも小さく定められている。具体的には50〜60度程度に定めることによってその全体の形状をまっすぐな丸棒の形状に近い円弧形状に形成してある。このような2次元円弧状の丸棒材は1枚の木板から複数個を削り出すことによって製作されるので、その形状をまっすぐな丸棒に近い形に形成しておくことによって、材料歩留りを向上させることができるだけでなく、製作も容易になり、さらに、所定の勾配を付与した当該手摺り要素40を相互に連結して螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体30(図1など参照)を形作るときの取扱性にも優れたものになる。これに対し、曲率中心Oから見た両端の開き角度が45度よりも小さいと、製作は容易であるけれども、その円弧長さが短くなりすぎ、手摺り要素連結体30を形作る場合の連結箇所の数が多くなって施工性が低下するなどの問題を生じることがある。その反面で、曲率中心Oから見た両端の開き角度が90度よりも大きいと、その円弧長さが長くなりすぎて製作が困難になり、材料歩留りも低下する。
【0035】
図3(A)のように、2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素40は、その一端に突起(凸部)でなるほぞ45が備わり、その他端には、他の手摺り要素40のほぞ40と嵌合可能な凹部でなるほぞ穴46が備わっている。
【0036】
図4は2つの手摺り要素40,40の連結箇所の構造を示している。同図(A)の連結構造は、ほぞ45とほぞ穴46とを嵌合させることによって2つの手摺り要素40を段差を生じないように位置決めして突合せ状態に連結したものであって、その連結箇所での2つの手摺り要素40の重なり箇所が接着剤で接合されていると共に、斜めにねじ込まれた止めビスでなる止具47によってほぞ45とほぞ穴46との嵌合箇所が結合されている。また、同図(B)の連結構造は、上述した小柱22の頂部に備わっている1つの手摺り受具23に2つの手摺り要素40,40の端部を載架し、それぞれの手摺り要素40,40を1つの手摺り受具23に止めビスでなる止具48,48によって個別に結合している。同図(B)の連結構造では、同図(A)で説明した連結構造が併せて採用されていて、この連結構造は、下部手摺り要素41と中間部手摺り要素43との連結箇所、中間部手摺り要素43,43同士の連結箇所、中間部手摺り要素43と上部手摺り要素42との連結箇所に採用されている。
【0037】
図6又は図7は下部手摺り要素41と下部親柱24との連結構造を示している。これから判るように、下部手摺り要素41と下部親柱24とは、下部手摺り要素41の下端にロゼット51を結合(ビス止め)し、そのロゼット51を下部親柱24に止めビスでなる止具52を用いて結合してある。同様に、上部手摺り要素42と上部親柱24との連結構造を示した図8から判るように、上部手摺り要素42と上部親柱25とは、上部手摺り要素42の上端にロゼット53を結合(ビス止め)し、そのロゼット53を上部親柱25に止めビスでなる止具52を用いて結合してある。なお、ロゼット51,53は、下部手摺り要素41や上部手摺り要素42の各切断端にビス止めされている。
【0038】
図1又は図2で説明した螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体30を形成している複数の手摺り要素40のうち、複数の中間部手摺り要素43の円弧長さはすべて同一長さになっているのに対し、下部手摺り要素41と上部手摺り要素42とは中間部手摺り要素43よりもその円弧長さが短くなっている。これは、使用個数の多い中間部手摺り要素43に同一長さの手摺り要素40を用い、使用個数が1つの下部手摺り要素41や上部手摺り要素42には、手摺り要素40を切断してその円弧長さを調節したものを用いているためである。
【0039】
以上説明した螺旋階段では、螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体30の全長部分が、1つの下部手摺り要素41と、1つの上部手摺り要素42と、複数の中間部手摺り要素43とに分割されているので、木材から削り出した個々の手摺り要素41,42,43を連結するだけで螺旋近似形状の当該手摺り要素連結体30を構成することができ、こうすることによって、手摺り要素連結体30を容易かつ安価に製作することができた。特に、複数の中間部手摺り要素43を同一円弧長さに製作し、下部手摺り要素41や上部手摺り要素42には、中間部手摺り要素43と同一円弧長さの手摺り要素40を切断してそれらの長さを調節したものを用いたことにより、それらの手摺り要素41,42,43に長さの異なるものを用いた場合に比べてコストダウンを達成できた。
【0040】
この参考例の螺旋階段は、その螺旋角度が約360度に定められているけれども、この点は、手摺り要素40の使用個数を減少すると螺旋角度が360度よりも小さい角度に定まり、手摺り要素40の使用個数を増加すると螺旋角度が360度よりも大きい角度に定まる。また、相隣接する手摺り要素同士の連結箇所では、ほぞ45とほぞ穴45との嵌合構造を採用しているけれども、これに限らず、一方側手摺り要素に一体に具備された凸部と、他方側手摺り要素に具備された凹部とを嵌合させることによって、両方の手摺り要素を同心状に位置決めすることのできる連結構造であってもよい。
【0041】
ところで、上記した手摺り要素40は、螺旋状に延びる手摺りの全長部分を複数箇所で分割することによって形成されることが想定される3次元形状に曲がった分割要素のそれぞれととして用いられている。また、螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体30を螺旋状に延びる手摺りとして用いたものである。そのため、手摺り要素連結体30は正確な螺旋形状を形作るものではないけれども、螺旋階段の螺旋状の手摺りとして不都合なく使用することができることを確認している。
【0042】
次に、図1又は図2で説明した螺旋階段の施工方法、並びに、螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法の参考例を説明する。
【0043】
この螺旋階段の施工方法では、手摺り要素連結体30の施工に先立って、図1に示した芯柱20と所要段数の踏板21と小柱22とが設置される。また、この施行方法では、手摺り要素連結体30が上記した1つの下部手摺り要素41と、1つの上部手摺り要素42と、複数の中間部手摺り要素43とによって形成される。
【0044】
図5は踏板21と、踏板21から立ち上げられた小柱22と、それらの小柱22の頂部に取り付けられた手摺り受具23とを示している。同図のように、手摺り30の施工前の段階では、すべての小柱22の頂部に手摺り受具23が取り付けられているのではなく、所定の小柱22aについてはその頂部に手摺り受具23が取り付けられていない。
【0045】
図6に下部手摺り要素41の仮止め工程を示し、図7に下部手摺り要素41を手摺り受具23に固着して連結した構造を示してある。手摺り要素連結体30の施工では、最初の段階で、下部手摺り要素41の下端部を斜めに切断することによってその長さを適切に調節すると共に図3で説明したほぞ穴46を取り除き、その後、切断端にロゼット51をビス止めする。こうしてロゼット51を固着した下部手摺り要素41を、図6のように複数の小柱22の頂部の手摺り受具23の上に載架することと併せて、ロゼット51を下部親柱24の側面に重ね合わせ、下部手摺り要素41の勾配や姿勢を適正に定めた後、その適所を仮止めテープ61を用いて手摺り受具23に仮止めし、その状態でロゼット51を下部親柱24に止具52で連結して固定する。この後、それぞれの手摺り受具23に下部手摺り要素41を取付けビスなどの止具を用いて固定する。固定した状態を図7に示してある。図7で判るように、下部手摺り要素41は、その上端が、手摺り受具23が取り付けられていない小柱22aの上方に位置するようにその長さが調節されている。
【0046】
次に、図7に仮想線で示したように、中間部手摺り要素43のほぞ穴46を下部手摺り要素41のほぞ45に嵌合することと併せて、その中間部手摺り要素43を上段側の小柱2の頂部に取り付けられている手摺り受具23の上に載架する。このときに、ほぞ穴46とほぞ45との嵌合箇所に図4(A)で説明した連結構造を適用する。併せて、図4(B)で説明したように、ほぞ穴46とほぞ45との嵌合箇所、すなわち下部手摺り要素41と中間部手摺り要素43との連結箇所を跨いで手摺り要素23を配備し、その手摺り受具23を下部手摺り要素41と中間部手摺り要素43とに止具23を用いて固着する。その後、その手摺り受具23を上記小柱22aの頂部に取り付ける。このようにすると、手摺り受具23によって下部手摺り要素41と中間部手摺り要素43とを高い位置決め精度で正確に連結する作業を容易に行うことができるようになる。この後、さらに中間部手摺り要素43を、同様の手順で、下から上に向かって順次螺旋近似形状に連結していき、最後に、上部手摺り要素42を最上位の中間部手摺り要素43と上部親柱25とに連結する。
【0047】
上部手摺り要素42を最上位の中間部手摺り要素43と上部親柱25とに連結する工程は次の手順で行うことができる。すなわち、図8によって類推することができるように、上部手摺り要素42の上端部を斜めに切断することによってその長さを適切に調節すると共に図3で説明したほぞ45を取り除き、その後、切断端にロゼット53をビス止めする。こうしてロゼット53を固着した上部手摺り要素42を、複数の小柱22の頂部の手摺り受具23の上に載架することと併せて、ロゼット53を上部親柱24の側面に重ね合わせ、上部手摺り要素42の勾配や姿勢を適正に定めた後、その適所を仮止めテープ(不図示)を用いて手摺り受具23に仮止めし、その状態でロゼット53を上部親柱25に止具52で連結して固定する。この後、それぞれの手摺り受具23に上部手摺り要素42を取付けビスなどの止具を用いて固定する。
【0048】
以上説明した参考例に係る施工方法によると、製作が容易で安価な2次元円弧状の複数の丸棒材を手摺り要素40として用い、その手摺り要素40を、下部手摺り要素41と上部手摺り要素42と中間部手摺り要素43とに使い分けているので、手摺り要素連結体30ひいては螺旋階段を全体として安価に施工することが可能になる。また、下部手摺り要素41と中間部手摺り要素43と上部手摺り要素42とを、下から上に向かって順次連結しているという手順を採用したことによって施工を容易に行うことができた。しかも、各手摺り要素41,42,43が直線に近い円弧状に形成されているためにそれらの取扱いが容易であった。さらに、手摺り要素41,42,43の相互の連結箇所では、1つの手摺り受具23に2つの相隣接する手摺り要素を連結したことによって、連結箇所に段差を持たない良好な納まり形態を付与することができた。
【0049】
この参考例の螺旋階段の施工方法は、螺旋角度が約360度に定められた螺旋階段の施工に係わっているけれども、この点は、手摺り要素40の使用個数を減少すると螺旋角度を360度よりも小さい角度に定めることができ、手摺り要素40の使用個数を増加すると螺旋角度を360度よりも大きい角度に定めることができる。
【0050】
ここで説明した螺旋階段の施工方法についても、手摺り要素40は、螺旋状に延びる手摺りの全長部分を複数箇所で分割することによって形成されることが想定される3次元形状に曲がった分割要素のそれぞれとして用いられている。また、螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体30は、螺旋状に延びる手摺りとして用いられている。したがって、手摺り要素連結体30は正確な螺旋形状を形作るものではないけれども、螺旋階段の手摺りとして不都合なく使用することができることを確認している。
【0051】
ところで、上記した螺旋階段の施工方法において用いられる手摺り要素40や手摺り要素連結体30は、その断面形状が円形であるけれども、それらの断面形状を円形以外の異形に形成することが要求されることもある。この要求に対処するには、本発明の実施形態に係る次の手順を採用する。
【0052】
すなわち、2次元円弧状の手摺り要素40を、その最終形状に削り出すことのできる程度に十分な太さを持たせておき、その手摺り要素40に勾配を付与して螺旋近似形状に連結することによって形成される手摺り要素連結体30を、施工現場で螺旋階段の螺旋状の手摺りとして用いる前に、たとえば工場で一旦製作する。そして、工場で製作した螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体30を削り出すことによって、その手摺り要素連結体30を、軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が非円形になるように加工し、その後、手摺り要素連結体30を個々の手摺り要素40に分解して螺旋階段施工現場に搬入し、その分解された個々の手摺り要素40を螺旋階段施工場所(施工現場)で螺旋近似形状に再度連結することによって手摺り要素連結体30を組み立て、組み立てられた手摺り要素連結体30を手摺りとして置き換えて用いる。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法によると、製作が容易な断面形状が円形で2次元円弧状の手摺り要素を用いて螺旋近似形状に延びる手摺り要素連結体を形成し、その手摺り要素連結体を削り出すことによって断面形状を非円形に加工し、その後、手摺り要素連結体を個々の手摺り要素に分解し、その分解された個々の手摺り要素を螺旋階段施工場所において再度連結することによって手摺り要素連結体を組み立て、その組み立てられた手摺り要素連結体を手摺りとするものであるので、手摺りの製作技術に高度性がそれほど要求されない螺旋階段を安価に提供することが可能になる。また、本発明に係る螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法によると、上記のような螺旋階段をそれほどの熟練を要することなく安価に製作することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の参考例に係る螺旋階段の概略外嵌図である。
【図2】 同螺旋階段を説明的に示した平面図である。
【図3】 (A)は手摺り要素を単体で示した平面図、(B)は(A)のIIIB−IIIB線に沿う部分の拡大断面図である。
【図4】 (A)は手摺り要素の連結箇所の構造を示した一部破断側面図、(B)は同構造の他の形態を示した一部破断側面図である。
【図5】 踏板や小柱などを示した概略斜視図である。
【図6】 下部手摺り要素についての仮止め構造を示した説明図である。
【図7】 下部手摺り要素と下部親柱及び手摺り受具との連結構造を示した説明図である。
【図8】 上部手摺り要素と上部親柱及び手摺り受具との連結構造を示した説明図である。
【図9】 従来の手摺り及びその問題点を説明するための説明図である。
【符号の説明】
21 踏板
22 小柱
23 手摺り受具
24 下部親柱
25 上部親柱
30 手摺り
40 手摺り要素
41 下部手摺り要素
42 上部手摺り要素
43 中間部手摺り要素
45 ほぞ(凸部)
46 ほぞ穴(凹部)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a handrail of a spiral staircase.
[0002]
[Prior art]
One of the stairs used to move up and down between the lower floor and the upper floor of the building is a spiral staircase, and this spiral staircase is said to have little horizontal exclusive space and is excellent in appearance. In addition, in the spiral staircase, a small column is set up on a step board installed side by side in the spiral direction, the handrail is supported by the small column, and the lower end and the upper end of the handrail are connected to the parent column. There are many.
[0003]
Conventionally, a handrail extending in a spiral shape provided in this type of spiral staircase has been given a cross-sectional shape such as a rectangle, a saddle shape, or a mountain shape (hereinafter, a shape other than a circle is referred to as an “abnormal shape”). It was. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the handrail 1 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape is illustrated in the preceding example (see, for example, Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2). As can be seen from these preceding examples, for example, in the handrail 1 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, the inner and outer side surfaces 11 and 12 are given verticality to give a satisfactory feeling of use. 9, the shape of the handrail 1 corresponds to the shape of the cylindrical wall 110 of the constant-thickness virtual cylinder 100 shown by the phantom line cut out in a spiral shape. Yes.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
No. 7-48843
[Patent Document 2]
No. 7-50507
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, a handrail extending in a spiral shape having an irregular cross-sectional shape such as a rectangle, a bowl shape, and a mountain shape can be inferred from the description in FIG. 9, and the overall shape of the handrail 1 is changed to a three-dimensional shape. Therefore, it is not easy to manufacture. In particular, in the case of a wooden handrail, it is extremely difficult and almost impossible to cut out the entire length of a spiral handrail having an irregular cross-sectional shape from wood.
[0006]
Then, after individually manufacturing the handrail element of the same three-dimensional spiral shape as the short division | segmentation element 1a assumed to be formed by dividing | segmenting the full length part of the handrail 1 in several places like the figure It is conceivable to adopt a construction method in which a spiral shape is formed by connecting the divided elements 1a.
[0007]
By the way, the handrail element having the same three-dimensional spiral shape as the split element 1a, which is assumed to be formed by splitting the entire length portion of the handrail 1 having an irregular cross-sectional shape and extending spirally, As compared with the case where the entire length of the spiral handrail 1 is cut out from the wood, it is easier to manufacture, but such a modified cross-sectional shape. The handrail element having the same shape is a three-dimensional shape regardless of its length. Therefore, it is not easy to cut out such handrail elements from wood.
[0008]
In particular, when there is unevenness in the cross-sectional shape, not only is it difficult to cut out the handrail elements from individual timbers, but also there is no step at the connection point of the handrail elements that are individually manufactured. Giving each handrail element with a finishing accuracy of such a degree is accompanied by a great deal of skill and difficulty, and it is inevitable that the manufacturing cost and thus the construction cost of the spiral staircase will rise significantly.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and is a two-dimensional approximation of a three-dimensional curved segmented element assumed to be formed by dividing the entire length of a handrail extending in a spiral shape. Based on the use of arc-shaped handrail elements, not only is the manufacturing technology of cutting the handrail elements out of wood less demanding, making it easier to manufacture handrail elements, but also handrail elements It aims at providing the manufacturing method of the handrail of the spiral staircase obtained by making the handrail element coupling body of the spiral approximate shape formed by connecting mutually.
[0010]
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a handrail of a spiral staircase, which can manufacture a handrail element at a low cost, and can reduce the cost required for the spiral staircase and its construction.
[0011]
[0012]
Furthermore, an object of this invention is to provide the manufacturing method of the handrail of the spiral staircase excellent in workability.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Before describing the present invention, a reference example of the present invention will be described first.
A spiral staircase according to a reference example of the present invention includes a wooden handrail extending in a spiral shape, the handrail is supported by a small column raised on a tread, and the lower end of the handrail is a lower parent. A split element bent into a three-dimensional shape that is assumed to be formed by splitting the full length part of the handrail at a plurality of locations in a spiral staircase whose top end is connected to the upper main pillar, respectively. As each of the above, a handrail element made of a round bar of a two-dimensional arc shape that has a circular cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the axis at an arbitrary position in the axial direction and approximates the three-dimensional curved shape of the above-described divided element is adopted. The handrail element coupling body having a spiral approximate shape formed by connecting adjacent handrail elements to each other is the handrail. Here, the “three-dimensional curved dividing element” means a dividing element bent in a spiral shape, in other words, the full length portion of the dividing element is in contact with the plane even when the dividing element is laid on the plane. This means a split element that is bent in a spiral shape so as not to occur. “Handrail element made of a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar” refers to an arc shape in which when the handrail element is laid on a plane, the full length portion of the handrail element is in contact with the plane. Means a handrail element. The “handrail element made of a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar that approximates the three-dimensional curved shape of the dividing element” means a planar projection image of the three-dimensional curved shape dividing element and a two-dimensional arc-shaped handrail element. When comparing with the two-dimensional projection image, it is approximated that the majority of the two-dimensional arc-shaped handrail element planar projection image substantially overlaps with the three-dimensional curved segmented element projection image. Meaning, a handrail element coupling body having a spiral approximate shape is a handrail having a three-dimensional shape formed by giving the same gradient to each of a required number of two-dimensional arc-shaped handrail elements and connecting them. It is a connected element.
[0014]
In this configuration, each handrail element forming the handrail element coupling body used as a handrail is a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar, so that each handrail element is cut out from wood. In addition, the technology is not required to be more sophisticated than cutting a three-dimensional curved handrail element from wood, and the handrail element can be manufactured easily and inexpensively. This is combined with the fact that the handrail element connecting body used as the handrail is formed by connecting a plurality of handrail elements, and helps to keep the price of the spiral staircase low. Furthermore, since the handrail element is made of a round bar, it is easy to connect both handrail elements without any step at the connection portion between the handrail elements, and a spiral staircase with excellent workability can be obtained.
[0015]
In the reference example of the present invention, the plurality of handrail elements are one lower handrail element connected to the lower main pillar, one upper handrail element connected to the upper main pillar, and the lower handrail elements. And a plurality of intermediate handrail elements disposed between the upper handrail element and the upper handrail element, and each of the plurality of intermediate handrail elements has the same arc length. According to this, a plurality of intermediate handrail elements need only be manufactured to have the same arc length, so that it becomes easier to manufacture the intermediate handrail elements. Further, it is easy to appropriately determine the arc length of the intermediate handrail element or the number of intermediate handrail elements to be used with respect to the full length portion of the handrail, and this has the advantage that the design of the handrail becomes easy.
[0016]
In the reference example of the present invention, it is desirable that the lengths of the lower handrail element and the upper handrail element are equal to or shorter than the arc length of the intermediate handrail element. According to this, the intermediate handrail element can be diverted as it is to the lower handrail element or the upper handrail element, or the intermediate handrail element is cut into the arc of the lower handrail element or the upper handrail element. It can be diverted with the length adjusted short. As a result, there is an advantage that all of the lower handrail element, the upper handrail element, and the intermediate handrail element can be manufactured to have the same arc length in the manufacturing stage of the handrail element in the factory.
[0017]
In the reference example of the present invention, it is desirable that both handrail elements are fixed to one handrail receiving member fixed to the small column at a connection portion between adjacent handrail elements. According to this, since the handrail elements adjacent to each other are fixed so as not to be displaced by one handrail receiving tool, it is possible to easily and satisfactorily maintain the degree of fit at the connection position of the handrail elements. It becomes possible.
[0018]
In the reference example of the present invention, the convex portion integrally provided on the one handrail element is fitted to the concave portion provided on the other handrail element at the connection portion between the adjacent handrail elements. Thus, it is desirable that both handrail elements are positioned relative to each other. According to this, coupled with the fact that adjacent handrail elements are fixed to one handrail receiver at the connection location, it is possible to keep the fit at the connection location between the handrail elements even better. become.
[0019]
In the reference example of the present invention, it is desirable that the handrail elements adjacent to each other are fixed by using an adhesive or a fastener at the connection point. According to this, since the situation that the two handrail elements fixed by the adhesive or the stopper are not twisted does not occur, the fitting state at the connection portion between the handrail elements is kept better.
[0020]
In the reference example of the present invention, it is preferable that the handrail element has an opening angle at both ends as viewed from the center of curvature of greater than 45 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees. If the length of the handrail element is limited to a certain range by such an opening angle, the degree of bending of one handrail element cut out from the wood will not be so large. In other words, the two handrail elements have a nearly straight shape and can be easily cut out from the wood.
[0021]
A method for constructing a spiral staircase according to a reference example of the present invention includes a wooden handrail extending in a spiral shape, the handrail is supported by a small column raised on a tread, and the lower end of the handrail 3D shape assumed to be formed by dividing the full length portion of the handrail at a plurality of locations in the construction method of the spiral staircase in which the lower main pillar is connected to the upper main pillar at the upper end. As each of the divided elements bent in a straight line, the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the axis at an arbitrary position in the axial direction is circular, and the hand is made of a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar that approximates the three-dimensional curved shape of the divided element. A handrail element is adopted, and the handrail elements are connected to form a handrail element connection body having a spiral approximate shape, and the handrail element connection body is used as the handrail.
[0022]
According to this construction method, an easily manufactured and inexpensive two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar material is used as a handrail element, and a handrail element coupling body having a spiral approximate shape formed by connecting the handrail elements is formed into a spiral shape. Therefore, it is possible to construct the spiral staircase as a whole at a low cost. Moreover, since the handrail element connecting body is formed by connecting handrail elements made of two-dimensional arc-shaped round bars, this also helps to construct the spiral staircase as a whole at low cost.
[0023]
In the construction method according to the reference example of the present invention, a plurality of handrail elements made of a required number of round bars are connected to one lower handrail element connected to the lower main pillar and one upper handrail connected to the upper main pillar. Distinguish between the lower handrail element and the lower handrail element connected to the lower main pillar. After the intermediate handrail elements are sequentially connected from bottom to top, it is desirable to connect the upper handrail element to the uppermost intermediate handrail element and the upper main pillar. According to this, it becomes possible to form the full length part of a spiral handrail by connecting handrail elements sequentially from bottom to top.
[0024]
In addition, when forming the entire length of the spiral handrail by sequentially connecting the handrail elements from the bottom to the top, the length of the lower handrail element before being connected to the lower main pillar is set to the middle hand. When the lower handrail element is connected to the lower main pillar, the length of the handrail element is set to the same length as each of the handrail elements. It is desirable to cut the lower handrail element and adjust the length of the lower handrail element so that the handrail element can be fixed to one handrail receiver fixed to the small column. In addition, the length of the upper handrail element before being connected to the upper main pillar is set to the same length as each of the intermediate handrail elements, and when the upper handrail element is connected to the upper main pillar, Upper handrail element so that both handrail elements can be fixed to a single handrail holder fixed to a small column at a connection point between the upper middle handrail element and the upper handrail element. And adjusting the length of the upper handrail element. When such a construction method is adopted, the lower handrail element, the upper handrail element, and the intermediate handrail element are all manufactured as having the same arc length, and the lower handrail element or the upper handrail element among them is manufactured. Can be cut to the desired length and used at the construction site, so that all handrail elements can be manufactured at low cost and requires a lot of skill in construction. Disappear.
[0025]
In the construction method of the reference example of the present invention, it is desirable that the handrail element has an opening angle at both ends as viewed from the center of curvature of the handrail element that is larger than 45 degrees and smaller than 90 degrees. Since the handrail element has a shape close to a straight line, the handleability is improved and the workability during construction is improved.
[0026]
The handrail of the spiral staircase according to the reference example of the present invention is assumed to be formed by dividing the full length portion of the handrail at a plurality of locations in a spiral wooden handrail installed on the spiral staircase. As each of the divided elements bent into a three-dimensional shape, a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis at an arbitrary position in the axial direction is circular, and a two-dimensional arc-shaped circle that approximates the three-dimensional bent shape of the divided element It employs a handrail element made of bar material, and is a handrail element coupling body having a spiral approximate shape formed by mutually connecting handrail elements adjacent to each other.
[0027]
With this configuration, as described above, each handrail element forming a handrail element coupling body as a handrail is a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar, so each handrail element When cutting out the wood from the wood, the technology is not required to be more sophisticated than cutting out the three-dimensional curved shape dividing element from the wood, and the handrail element can be manufactured easily and inexpensively. For this reason, a handrail element coupling body having a spiral approximate shape is formed by connecting a plurality of handrail elements as handrails, which helps to keep the cost of the spiral staircase low. Furthermore, since the handrail element is made of a round bar, it is easy to connect both handrail elements without any step at the connection portion between the handrail elements, and a spiral staircase with excellent workability can be obtained.
[0028]
A method for manufacturing a handrail of a spiral staircase according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a wooden handrail extending in a spiral shape installed on a spiral staircase. , The cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis at an arbitrary position in the axial direction is circular, and 2 Handrail element made of a round bar with a three-dimensional arc shape Ream And forming a handrail element coupling body having a spiral approximate shape, and by cutting out the handrail element coupling body, the handrail element coupling body has a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the axis at an arbitrary position in the axial direction. After processing to be non-circular, the handrail element assembly is disassembled into individual handrail elements. After carrying in to the spiral staircase construction site The disassembled individual handrail elements are reconnected at the spiral staircase construction site to assemble the handrail element assembly, and the assembled handrail element assembly is used as the handrail.
[0029]
According to this method, an odd-shaped handrail whose cross-sectional shape is other than circular can be obtained at low cost.
[0030]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a spiral staircase according to a reference example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view of the spiral staircase.
[0031]
In this spiral staircase, a required number of steps 21 are attached to the core column 20 in a spiral direction with a vertical interval corresponding to a desired kick-up dimension. Further, a small column 22 is raised on each of the treads 21, and a wooden handrail element coupling body extending in a spiral approximate shape by each of the handrail receivers 23 attached to the tops of the small columns 22. The lower end of the handrail element connecting body 30 is connected to the lower main pillar 24 installed on the lower floor, and the upper end of the handrail element connecting body 30 is the landing 26. It is connected to the upper main pillar 25 installed on the floor. In the illustrated spiral staircase, the lowermost tread 21 and the uppermost tread 21 are separated by an angle of about 360 degrees. Therefore, the lower end and the upper end of the handrail element coupling body 30 extending in a spiral approximate shape are separated by an angle of about 360 degrees.
[0032]
In this spiral staircase, the handrail element coupling body 30 is divided into a plurality of (for example, seven) wooden handrail elements 40, one of which is coupled to the lower main pillar 24. The other hand is used as the upper handrail element 42 connected to the upper main pillar 25, and the remaining five are disposed between the lower handrail element 41 and the upper handrail element 42. It is used as the intermediate handrail element 43 (see FIGS. 6 to 8).
[0033]
FIG. 3A is a plan view showing the handrail element 40 alone, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion along the line IIIB-IIIB of FIG.
[0034]
The handrail element 40 has a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the axis a at an arbitrary position in the axial direction formed in the circular shape shown in FIG. 3B, and the planar shape is a circle as shown in FIG. It is arcuate, and the side shape seen from the direction of arrow Y or Y ′ in FIG. That is, the handrail element 40 is a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar having a circular cross-sectional shape. The handrail element 40 has an opening angle at both ends as viewed from the center of curvature O of greater than 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees. Specifically, the entire shape is formed in an arc shape close to the shape of a straight round bar by setting it to about 50 to 60 degrees. Since such a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar material is manufactured by cutting a plurality of pieces from a single wooden board, the material yield can be improved by forming the shape close to a straight round bar. Not only can it be improved, but also the manufacture becomes easy. Further, the handrail element coupling body 30 (see FIG. 1 and the like) having a spiral approximate shape is formed by connecting the handrail elements 40 having a predetermined gradient to each other. It also has excellent handling when forming. On the other hand, if the opening angle at both ends as viewed from the center of curvature O is smaller than 45 degrees, the manufacture is easy, but the arc length becomes too short, and the connecting portion when the handrail element connecting body 30 is formed. This may cause problems such as an increase in the number of parts and a decrease in workability. On the other hand, if the opening angle at both ends as viewed from the center of curvature O is larger than 90 degrees, the arc length becomes too long, making it difficult to manufacture, and the material yield also decreases.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 3A, a handrail element 40 made of a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar is provided with a tenon 45 made of a protrusion (convex portion) at one end, and another handrail element at the other end. A mortise 46 made of a recess that can be fitted to 40 mortises 40 is provided.
[0036]
FIG. 4 shows the structure of the connection location of the two handrail elements 40, 40. The connection structure of FIG. 2A is a structure in which two handrail elements 40 are positioned so as not to cause a step by fitting a tenon 45 and a tenon hole 46 and connected in a butted state. The overlapping portion of the two handrail elements 40 at the connecting portion is joined with an adhesive, and the fitting portion between the tenon 45 and the tenon hole 46 is joined by a stopper 47 made of a screw screwed obliquely. ing. In addition, the connection structure of FIG. 5B is configured such that the end portions of the two handrail elements 40 and 40 are placed on one handrail receiver 23 provided on the top of the small column 22 described above, and each hand is connected. The sliding elements 40, 40 are individually connected to one handrail receiver 23 by means of stoppers 48, 48 made of stopper screws. In the connection structure of FIG. 5B, the connection structure described in FIG. 5A is also employed, and this connection structure is a connection place between the lower handrail element 41 and the intermediate handrail element 43, The intermediate handrail elements 43 and 43 are connected to each other, and the intermediate handrail element 43 and the upper handrail element 42 are connected to each other.
[0037]
FIG. 6 or 7 shows a connection structure between the lower handrail element 41 and the lower main pillar 24. As will be understood, the lower handrail element 41 and the lower main pillar 24 are connected to the lower end of the lower handrail element 41 with a rosette 51 (screwed), and the rosette 51 is fixed to the lower main pillar 24 with a screw. They are connected using a tool 52. Similarly, as can be seen from FIG. 8 showing the connection structure of the upper handrail element 42 and the upper main pillar 24, the upper handrail element 42 and the upper main pillar 25 have a rosette 53 at the upper end of the upper handrail element 42. Are coupled (screwed), and the rosette 53 is coupled to the upper main pillar 25 using a stopper 52 made of a retaining screw. The rosettes 51 and 53 are screwed to the cut ends of the lower handrail element 41 and the upper handrail element 42.
[0038]
Of the plurality of handrail elements 40 forming the handrail element coupling body 30 having the spiral approximate shape described in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the arc lengths of the plurality of intermediate handrail elements 43 are all the same. On the other hand, the arc length of the lower handrail element 41 and the upper handrail element 42 is shorter than that of the intermediate handrail element 43. This is because the handrail element 40 having the same length is used for the intermediate handrail element 43 having a large number of used pieces, and the handrail element 40 is cut into the lower handrail element 41 and the upper handrail element 42 having one used number. This is because the arc length adjusted is used.
[0039]
In the spiral staircase described above, the full-length portion of the handrail element coupling body 30 having a spiral approximate shape is divided into one lower handrail element 41, one upper handrail element 42, and a plurality of intermediate handrail elements 43. Since it is divided, the handrail element coupling body 30 having a spiral approximate shape can be configured simply by connecting the individual handrail elements 41, 42, and 43 cut out from the wood. The sliding element coupling body 30 could be manufactured easily and inexpensively. In particular, a plurality of intermediate handrail elements 43 are manufactured to have the same arc length, and the lower handrail element 41 and the upper handrail element 42 are provided with handrail elements 40 having the same arc length as the intermediate handrail element 43. By using the cut and adjusted lengths, the handrail elements 41, 42 and 43 can be reduced in cost as compared with the case where different lengths are used.
[0040]
In the spiral staircase of this reference example, the spiral angle is determined to be about 360 degrees. However, when the number of handrail elements 40 used is reduced, the spiral angle is determined to be smaller than 360 degrees. Increasing the number of elements 40 used determines the helix angle to be greater than 360 degrees. Moreover, although the fitting structure of the mortise 45 and the mortise 45 is adopted in the connection location of the adjacent handrail elements, not only this but the convex part integrally comprised by the one side handrail element And the connection structure which can position both handrail elements concentrically by fitting the recessed part with which the other handrail element was equipped is sufficient.
[0041]
By the way, the handrail element 40 described above is used as each of the split elements bent into a three-dimensional shape that is assumed to be formed by dividing the entire length of the handrail extending in a spiral shape at a plurality of locations. Yes. Moreover, the handrail element coupling body 30 having a spiral approximate shape is used as a handrail extending spirally. Therefore, although the handrail element coupling body 30 does not form an accurate spiral shape, it has been confirmed that it can be used without any inconvenience as a spiral handrail of a spiral staircase.
[0042]
Next, a reference example of the method for constructing the spiral staircase described in FIG. 1 or 2 and the method for manufacturing the handrail of the spiral staircase will be described.
[0043]
In this construction method of the spiral staircase, prior to construction of the handrail element coupling body 30, the core pillar 20, the tread 21 and the small pillars 22 of the required number of steps shown in FIG. Moreover, in this enforcement method, the handrail element coupling body 30 is formed by the above-described one lower handrail element 41, one upper handrail element 42, and a plurality of intermediate handrail elements 43.
[0044]
FIG. 5 shows the tread plate 21, the small columns 22 raised from the tread plate 21, and the handrail receiver 23 attached to the top of the small columns 22. As shown in the figure, at the stage before construction of the handrail 30, the handrail support 23 is not attached to the tops of all the small pillars 22, but the handrails on the tops of the predetermined small pillars 22a. The receiver 23 is not attached.
[0045]
FIG. 6 shows a temporary fixing process of the lower handrail element 41, and FIG. 7 shows a structure in which the lower handrail element 41 is fixedly connected to the handrail receiver 23. In the construction of the handrail element coupling body 30, in the first stage, the lower handrail element 41 is cut at the lower end of the lower handrail diagonally to adjust the length appropriately and remove the mortise 46 described in FIG. Thereafter, the rosette 51 is screwed to the cut end. In this way, the lower handrail element 41 to which the rosette 51 is fixed is mounted on the handrail receiver 23 at the top of the plurality of small pillars 22 as shown in FIG. After superimposing on the side surface and appropriately determining the gradient and posture of the lower handrail element 41, the appropriate position is temporarily fixed to the handrail holder 23 using the temporary fixing tape 61, and the rosette 51 is fixed to the lower main pillar in this state. 24 and fixed with a stopper 52. Thereafter, the lower handrail element 41 is fixed to each handrail receiver 23 using a stopper such as a mounting screw. The fixed state is shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the length of the lower handrail element 41 is adjusted so that the upper end of the lower handrail element 41 is located above the small column 22a to which the handrail receiver 23 is not attached.
[0046]
Next, as shown by the phantom lines in FIG. 7, the middle handrail element 43 is moved together with fitting the tenon 46 of the middle handrail element 43 to the tenon 45 of the lower handrail element 41. It mounts on the handrail receiving tool 23 attached to the top part of the small column 2 on the upper stage side. At this time, the connection structure described with reference to FIG. 4A is applied to a fitting portion between the mortise 46 and the mortise 45. In addition, as described with reference to FIG. 4B, the handrail element 23 straddles the fitting portion between the mortise 46 and the tenon 45, that is, the connection portion between the lower handrail element 41 and the intermediate handrail element 43. The handrail receiver 23 is fixed to the lower handrail element 41 and the intermediate handrail element 43 using the stopper 23. Thereafter, the handrail receiver 23 is attached to the top of the small pillar 22a. In this way, it is possible to easily perform the operation of accurately connecting the lower handrail element 41 and the intermediate handrail element 43 with high positioning accuracy by the handrail receiver 23. Thereafter, the intermediate handrail element 43 is further connected to the spiral approximate shape sequentially from the bottom to the top in the same procedure. Finally, the upper handrail element 42 is connected to the uppermost intermediate handrail element. 43 and the upper main pillar 25 are connected.
[0047]
The step of connecting the upper handrail element 42 to the uppermost intermediate handrail element 43 and the upper main pillar 25 can be performed by the following procedure. That is, as can be inferred from FIG. 8, the upper handrail element 42 is appropriately adjusted in its length by cutting diagonally, and the tenon 45 described in FIG. 3 is removed, and then the cutting is performed. Screw the rosette 53 to the end. In this manner, the upper handrail element 42 to which the rosette 53 is fixed is placed on the handrail receiver 23 at the top of the plurality of small pillars 22, and the rosette 53 is superimposed on the side surface of the upper main pillar 24. After appropriately determining the gradient and posture of the upper handrail element 42, the appropriate position is temporarily fixed to the handrail holder 23 using a temporary fixing tape (not shown), and in this state, the rosette 53 is attached to the upper main pillar 25. It is connected and fixed with a stopper 52. Thereafter, the upper handrail element 42 is fixed to each handrail receiver 23 using a stopper such as a mounting screw.
[0048]
According to the construction method according to the reference example described above, a plurality of two-dimensional arc-shaped round bars that are easy to manufacture and inexpensive are used as the handrail element 40, and the handrail element 40 is divided into the lower handrail element 41 and the upper handrail element 41. Since the handrail element 42 and the intermediate handrail element 43 are selectively used, it is possible to construct the handrail element coupling body 30 and the spiral staircase as a whole at low cost. In addition, the construction can be easily performed by adopting a procedure in which the lower handrail element 41, the intermediate handrail element 43, and the upper handrail element 42 are sequentially connected from the bottom to the top. . Moreover, since each handrail element 41, 42, 43 is formed in an arc shape close to a straight line, it is easy to handle them. Furthermore, in the mutual connection location of the handrail elements 41, 42, 43, the two adjacent handrail elements are connected to one handrail receiver 23, so that a good fit form in which there is no step at the connection location. Could be granted.
[0049]
Although the construction method of the spiral staircase of this reference example is related to the construction of the spiral staircase in which the spiral angle is set to about 360 degrees, this point is that the spiral angle is reduced to 360 degrees when the number of handrail elements 40 used is reduced. The spiral angle can be set to an angle larger than 360 degrees when the number of handrail elements 40 used is increased.
[0050]
Also in the construction method of the spiral staircase described here, the handrail element 40 is divided into a three-dimensional shape that is assumed to be formed by dividing the entire length of the handrail extending spirally at a plurality of locations. Used as each of the elements. Moreover, the handrail element coupling body 30 having a spiral approximate shape is used as a handrail extending in a spiral shape. Therefore, although the handrail element coupling body 30 does not form an accurate spiral shape, it has been confirmed that it can be used without any inconvenience as a handrail for a spiral staircase.
[0051]
By the way, although the handrail element 40 and the handrail element coupling body 30 used in the construction method of the above-described spiral staircase have a circular cross-sectional shape, it is required to form the cross-sectional shape into an irregular shape other than a circular shape. Sometimes. In order to cope with this requirement, the following procedure according to the embodiment of the present invention is adopted.
[0052]
That is, the two-dimensional arc-shaped handrail element 40 has a thickness sufficient to be cut into its final shape, and a gradient is given to the handrail element 40 so as to be connected to the spiral approximate shape. The handrail element coupling body 30 formed by doing this is once manufactured at a factory, for example, before being used as a spiral handrail of a spiral staircase at a construction site. Then, by cutting out the handrail element connecting body 30 having a spiral approximate shape manufactured at the factory, the handrail element connecting body 30 is made to have a non-circular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis at an arbitrary position in the axial direction. Then, the handrail element coupling body 30 is disassembled into individual handrail elements 40 and carried into the spiral staircase construction site, and the disassembled individual handrail elements 40 are installed at the spiral staircase construction site (construction site). Then, the handrail element connecting body 30 is assembled by reconnecting to the spiral approximate shape, and the assembled handrail element connecting body 30 is used as a handrail.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for manufacturing a handrail of a spiral staircase according to the present invention, a handrail element coupling body extending in a spiral approximate shape is formed using a handrail element having a circular cross-sectional shape and easy to manufacture, The cross-sectional shape is processed into a non-circular shape by cutting out the handrail element connection body, and then the handrail element connection body is disassembled into individual handrail elements, and the disassembled individual handrail elements are installed in the spiral staircase construction place. As a result, the handrail element assembly is assembled by reconnecting, and the assembled handrail element assembly is used as a handrail. It becomes possible to provide. Further, according to the method for manufacturing the handrail of the spiral staircase according to the present invention, the spiral staircase as described above can be manufactured at low cost without requiring much skill.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a spiral staircase according to a reference example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view illustratively showing the spiral staircase.
3A is a plan view showing a handrail element as a single unit, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion along the line IIIB-IIIB in FIG.
4A is a partially broken side view showing a structure of a connection portion of a handrail element, and FIG. 4B is a partially broken side view showing another form of the structure.
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a tread board and a small column.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a temporary fixing structure for a lower handrail element.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a connection structure of a lower handrail element, a lower main pillar, and a handrail holder.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a connection structure between an upper handrail element, an upper main pillar, and a handrail holder.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a conventional handrail and its problems.
[Explanation of symbols]
21 Tread
22 trabeculae
23 Handrail holder
24 Lower main pillar
25 Upper main pillar
30 Handrail
40 handrail elements
41 Lower railing element
42 Upper railing element
43 Middle handrail element
45 Mortise (convex)
46 Mortise (concave)

Claims (1)

螺旋階段に設置される螺旋状に延びる木製の手摺りの製作方法において
軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が円形で、かつ、2次元円弧状の丸棒材でなる手摺り要素を連結して螺旋近似形状の手摺り要素連結体を形成し、
上記手摺り要素連結体を削り出すことによって、その手摺り要素連結体を、軸線方向任意位置でのその軸線に直交する断面形状が非円形になるように加工し、
その後、手摺り要素連結体を個々の手摺り要素に分解して螺旋階段施工場所に搬入した後、その分解された個々の手摺り要素を螺旋階段施工場所で再度連結することによって手摺り要素連結体を組み立て、組み立てられた手摺り要素連結体を上記手摺りとすることを特徴とする螺旋階段の手摺りの製作方法。
In the manufacturing method of the wooden handrail extending spirally installed on the spiral staircase ,
Sectional shape perpendicular to its axis in the axial direction an arbitrary position is circular, and the handrail elements of a two-dimensional arc-shaped round bar material consolidated to form a handrail element coupled body of spiral similar shapes,
By cutting out the handrail element coupling body, the handrail element coupling body is processed so that the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis at an arbitrary position in the axial direction is non-circular,
Then, after disassembling the handrail element assembly into individual handrail elements and carrying them to the spiral staircase construction site , the disassembled individual handrail elements are connected again at the spiral staircase construction site. A method for producing a handrail of a spiral staircase, characterized in that the body is assembled and the assembled handrail element assembly is the handrail.
JP2003184883A 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 How to make handrails for spiral stairs Expired - Fee Related JP3919706B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003184883A JP3919706B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 How to make handrails for spiral stairs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003184883A JP3919706B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 How to make handrails for spiral stairs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2005016222A JP2005016222A (en) 2005-01-20
JP3919706B2 true JP3919706B2 (en) 2007-05-30

Family

ID=34184508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2003184883A Expired - Fee Related JP3919706B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 How to make handrails for spiral stairs

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3919706B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107299767B (en) * 2017-06-23 2019-06-25 中国一冶集团有限公司 A kind of absolute altitude setting means and setting method applied to the rotation steel ladder production of box-type section helical-blade sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2005016222A (en) 2005-01-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5347774A (en) Methods of manufacturing curved staircases and staircases produced
US7946084B2 (en) Stair bracket system and method
EP2898157B1 (en) Building board and method of mounting
US20050097835A1 (en) Stairway
US4850164A (en) Multi-unit stair construction and method
US5163491A (en) Methods of manufacturing curved staircases and staircases produced
JP3919706B2 (en) How to make handrails for spiral stairs
US7082735B2 (en) Baluster, balustrade, and method therefor
KR102049362B1 (en) Connecting elements in balustrade
JP5914391B2 (en) Stair construction method
JP2006511745A (en) Wall structure using hollow glass building materials
JP2009281106A (en) Manufacturing method of precast concrete staircase, and form device
US9574353B1 (en) Balusters, railing systems, and methods of assembling and installing the same
JP4654825B2 (en) Handrail mounting structure
JP2004116088A (en) Spiral stair
US5881509A (en) Spiral staircase and connecting metals for spiral staircase
JP7498482B2 (en) Support
JP6374224B2 (en) Stairs and assembly methods
JP2879293B2 (en) Staircase foundation in a house
JP2566102B2 (en) Wooden staircase and its construction method
KR200386932Y1 (en) A connecting member for mold of stairway
JP4758089B2 (en) Stair structure
JPH0853915A (en) Stairs handrail connecting structure
US20130207064A1 (en) Rail and Baluster with Beveled End
JPH0642177A (en) Method for execution for concrete stairway

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20050610

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20050906

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20051007

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20060509

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060518

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20070116

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20070213

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 3919706

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100223

Year of fee payment: 3

S111 Request for change of ownership or part of ownership

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113

S531 Written request for registration of change of domicile

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313532

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100223

Year of fee payment: 3

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100223

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110223

Year of fee payment: 4

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110223

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120223

Year of fee payment: 5

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120223

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130223

Year of fee payment: 6

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130223

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140223

Year of fee payment: 7

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees