JP3918905B2 - How to install a windmill generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator installation method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With the growing awareness of the environment around the world, clean wind power generation is attracting attention. In wind power generation, a large windmill generator having a height of about 100 m is installed, wind energy is converted into rotational energy by the windmill, and further converted into electric energy by the generator. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the wind turbine generator. The wind turbine generator 1 includes a plurality of blades 5 that receive wind, a hub 4 that forms the wind turbine together with the blades, a nacelle 3 that houses the generator, and a tower 2 that secures the height of the wind turbine, It is installed on the foundation part 7 embedded in. Note that the tower 2 is composed of a tower lower part 2a, a middle part 2b, and an upper part 2c.
[0003]
The conventional wind turbine generator installation method is to stack and install the above components in order from below. Since the specific installation method is common to each component, a specific installation method for the blade 5 and the hub 4 will be described as a representative. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a method for installing a blade and a hub according to the prior art. First, the blade 5 and the hub 4 manufactured in the factory are loaded on a trailer, transported to the installation site, and unloaded with a small crane. Next, the blade 5 is connected to the hub 4 on the ground, and the windmill portion 6 is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (1), the hub 4 is connected to the crane hook 184 of the large crane with a wire, while the blade 5 is connected to the crane hook 145 of the small crane with a wire, and the two cranes are connected. The windmill part 6 is lifted by lifting. Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (2), the crane hook 145 is lowered or the crane hook 184 is raised to erect the windmill portion 6. The wire connected to the blade 5 is removed near the ground. Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (3), the crane hook 184 is further raised to connect the windmill portion 6 to the nacelle 3. The connection work was performed by a worker climbing a ladder installed inside the tower 2 and reaching the tip of the nacelle 3. However, the wire connected to the hub 4 cannot be removed from that position. Therefore, a large crane different from the above large crane is carried in, a gondola 108 is attached to the crane hook 188, and an operator 109 is placed on the crane hook 188. The wire was removed. The above operations were performed in order for each component, and a wind turbine generator was installed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Along with the increase in demand for electric power from wind power generation, wind turbine generators tend to become larger. In order to install a large wind turbine generator, an operator needs to work at a higher position. However, in order to climb a ladder installed in the tower and move it to a high working position, there is a problem that a great physical burden is required. In addition, there is a risk of death and injury due to falling at high altitude work. In particular, since the wind turbine generator is installed in a windy place, the danger is high. In particular, when a worker is placed on a gondola and the wire connected to the hub is removed, the danger is extremely high.
The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method for installing a wind turbine generator that can be installed by working in a low place.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a wind turbine generator installation method according to the present invention includes assembling a tower of a wind turbine generator horizontally, and vertically moving the tower so that a rotational moment around a support point is generated in the direction of installation of the tower. The tower is supported while being rotatable in a plane, and the tower is erected while pulling and adjusting the foundation side of the tower in a direction to cancel the rotational moment .
[0006]
Then, by raising the support point, it is possible to stand the tower by preventing interference with the ground surface due to rotation of the tower, and by lowering the support point after raising the tower, It was configured to be grounded to the part . Furthermore, it is preferable that the nacelle, hub and blades are assembled horizontally during the horizontal assembly of the tower.
[0007]
[Action]
A tower of a wind turbine generator is assembled horizontally, and the tower is rotatably supported in a vertical plane so that a rotational moment around a support point is generated in the direction of installation of the tower, and the tower is arranged in a direction to cancel the rotational moment. The tower is raised while adjusting the base side of the wind turbine, and the wind turbine generator is installed with the tower installed on the foundation. Can be installed. Furthermore, the tower can be safely installed without being damaged by raising the tower while pulling and adjusting the base portion side of the tower in a direction to cancel the rotational moment.
[0008]
Also, by raising the support point, it is possible to stand the tower by preventing interference with the ground surface due to the rotation of the tower, so if it is assumed that the support point is raised after assembly, The tower can be assembled by working in low places. On the other hand, in order to avoid interference with the upper surface of the foundation part due to the tower standing upright, there is a gap between the tower bottom surface and the upper surface of the foundation part after the turning up, but the fulcrum is lowered after the tower standing Since the tower is grounded and installed on the foundation, the tower can be installed on the upper surface of the foundation without using a new device.
[0009]
Further, since the nacelle, the hub and the blade are assembled horizontally during the horizontal assembly of the tower, the wind turbine generator can be installed after performing the entire assembly work in a low place. In particular, it is not necessary to put a worker on the gondola and to remove the wire connected to the hub at a high place, thereby reducing the risk of dropping. Also, the entire wind turbine generator can be assembled at a lower position than when the wind turbine portion is assembled in a vertical plane.
[0010]
In addition, the installation joint surface between the tower and the foundation is formed on a surface oblique to the central axis of the tower, thereby preventing interference between the tower and the foundation when the tower is turned upright from a horizontal state. If it does in this way, the tower bottom face can be installed in the base part upper face, without requiring the operation | work which descends a windmill generator after rotation standing up, and the apparatus for it.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that what is described below is only one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0012]
The wind turbine generator installation method according to the first embodiment is assembling the entire wind turbine generator horizontally, attaching a weight to the base of the tower and moving the center of gravity to the base, and using the nacelle side as a fulcrum from the center of gravity. Supporting the tower so that it can rotate, raising the fulcrum prevents the tower from interfering with the ground surface, allowing the tower to stand up, and lowering it while supporting the end of the tower at the base. In this way, the tower is erected, and the fulcrum is lowered to ground the tower to the foundation, and the tower is installed on the foundation and the wind turbine generator is installed.
[0013]
The weight 12 (see FIG. 2 (2)) attached to the tower 2 has a shape that does not interfere with a rotating mount 20 or the like that will be described later when the tower 2 is turned upright, and is detachable after the wind turbine generator is installed. On the other hand, pivot shafts 14 that serve as pivot points and support points for the tower 2 are attached to both sides of the tower on the nacelle side of the center of gravity 10 of the wind turbine generator including the weight 12. The attaching method of the rotating shaft 14 is based on welding, a temporary band system, or the like.
[0014]
A foundation 7 that supports the weight of the wind turbine generator and prevents it from falling is installed at the installation location of the wind turbine generator (see FIG. 5 ). The underground part is formed of reinforced concrete. Further, a flange 8 for joining to the bottom surface of the tower is provided on the ground portion. On the other hand, the rotating gantry 20 shown in FIG. 2 (2) is installed at two locations so as to face each other with the base portion 7 interposed therebetween. Each pivot base 20 is formed with a pivot bearing 24 that rotatably supports the pivot shaft 14 attached to the tower. Further, a hydraulic jack 22 or the like is installed on each rotary base 20 so that the rotary bearing 24 can be moved up and down. Thus, the hydraulic jack 22 and the like are formed so as to be able to support the entire weight of the wind turbine generator so that the entire wind turbine generator can be moved up and down. On the other hand, a plurality of work tables 32 and 34 are temporarily installed along the axial direction of the tower for assembling the wind turbine generator.
[0015]
In the wind turbine generator installation method according to the first embodiment, the wind turbine generator is installed by the following procedure based on the above configuration. FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a wind turbine generator installation method according to the first embodiment.
[0016]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for assembling the wind turbine generator in the first embodiment. Each component of the tower 2, the nacelle 3, the hub 4 and the blade 5 and the weight 12 in the wind turbine generator are individually manufactured at the factory and are carried to the installation site. First, the wind turbine generator is assembled horizontally (step 80). The assembly procedure is a repetition of the operation of placing each component on the work benches 32 and 34 and the operation of joining the placed components. Since the mounting method and the joining method are common to each component, a specific method for the blade 5 and the hub 4 will be described as a representative. First, the blade 5 and the hub 4 manufactured in the factory are loaded on a trailer, transported to the installation site, and unloaded with a small crane. Next, the blade 5 is connected to the hub 4 on the ground, and the windmill portion 6 is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (1), the blade 5 and the hub 4 of the windmill portion 6 are simultaneously connected to a crane hook 46 of a small crane with a wire or the like. And the windmill part 6 is lifted with this small crane, and it mounts on the nacelle 3 as shown in FIG. 2 (2).
[0017]
Next, an operator moves horizontally in the tower 2 to reach the tip of the nacelle 3 and performs a joining operation of the windmill portion 6. On the other hand, a ladder is temporarily installed from above the work table 34 toward the joint portion of the wire or the like, and an operator climbs the ladder to remove the wire or the like. In addition, since the work is performed in a low place, there is little risk of death or injury due to dropping even if a gondola is connected to a small crane and a worker is put on and a wire is removed. The above operation is performed for each component in the same manner as described above, and the entire wind turbine generator is assembled horizontally.
[0018]
It is also possible to mount the windmill portion 6 upright on the tower 2 assembled horizontally. In that case, however, it is necessary to suspend the windmill portion 6 by two cranes as in the prior art. Further, the position of the work table 34 is increased in order to avoid the interference between the blade 5 and the ground, and assembly by a high place work is required. In this regard, if the windmill portion 6 is mounted horizontally as shown in FIG.
[0019]
Next, the weight 12 is attached to the base portion side of the tower 2 (step 82). The weight 12 may be attached simultaneously with the assembly of the wind turbine generator. The weight 12 is preferably heavier than the total weight of the nacelle 3, the hub 4 and the blade 5, and the weight is preferably attached to the end of the tower on the base side. As a result, the position of the center of gravity 10 of the wind turbine generator including the weight 12 moves to the base portion side, and accordingly, the rotation shaft 14 that becomes the rotation fulcrum of the tower 2 can be attached closer to the base portion. In this way, the tower 2 can be turned upright without significantly raising the fulcrum. Even when the fulcrum is not formed so as to be movable up and down, the tower 2 can be turned upright by a low-pitch turntable, and the wind turbine generator can be assembled by working at a low place. Furthermore, by attaching a weight to the base side end of the tower, the weight can be removed at a low place near the ground after the tower is turned upright. Regardless of the above, it is not necessary to attach a weight to the tower.
[0020]
Next, the tower is rotatably supported with the nacelle side as a fulcrum from the center of gravity of the wind turbine generator including the weight (step 84). As a result, a rotational moment around the fulcrum is generated in the direction of the tower installation state. Specifically, the rotation shafts 14 attached to both sides of the tower 2 are supported by the rotation bearings 24 of the rotation mount 20 with the rotation shafts 14 as fulcrums 14a. When the height of the pivot base is high, the wind turbine generator assembled horizontally near the ground may be lifted by a crane or the like or lifted by a hydraulic jack or the like and supported by the pivot base. Next, the base side end of the tower is suspended and supported (step 86). That is, the tower base side is pulled and adjusted in a direction to cancel the rotational moment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 (1), the base side end of the tower 2 is connected to a crane hook 46 of a small crane with a wire or the like. Note that the operation in step 84 and the operation in step 86 may be performed simultaneously or in the reverse order.
[0021]
As a result of the above work, the wind turbine generator's own weight acts downward on the center of gravity 10 , while an upward force acts on the connection point 40 of the wire or the like. The wind turbine generator is balanced and supported by the rotary mount 20 and the crane because it is on the part side. At this stage, the work table 32 that becomes an obstacle to the standing up of the tower 2 can be removed (step 88). Note that the distance between the fulcrum 14a and the center of gravity 10 is preferably as short as possible, and the connection point of the wire and the like to be supported by suspension is preferably as close to the end as possible on the base portion side of the tower. As a result, the ratio of the length of the arm from the fulcrum 14a to the connection point 40 such as the wire is increased with respect to the length of the arm from the fulcrum 14a to the center of gravity 10. Therefore, the hanging load by the crane can be reduced, and a smaller crane can be used.
[0022]
Next, by raising the fulcrum, the tower can stand up while preventing interference with the ground surface due to the rotation of the tower (step 90). FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method for rotating and raising a wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 (1), the fulcrum 14 a is raised by the hydraulic jack 22 of the pivot base 20. In order to prevent interference between the bottom surface of the tower 2 and the top surface of the flange 8 at the time of turning up, the fulcrum is raised to a position slightly higher than the height at which the fulcrum 14a should finally be located. Next, the base side end of the tower is lowered (step 92). Specifically, the crane hook 46 may be slowly lowered by a crane. Note that the operation in step 90 and the operation in step 92 may be performed simultaneously. When the tower 2 stands up as shown in FIG. 1 (2) (step 94), the wire connected to the end of the tower on the base side is removed near the ground.
[0023]
Next, the tower is grounded to the foundation by lowering the fulcrum (step 96). In step 90, in order to prevent interference between the bottom surface of the tower 2 and the top surface of the flange 8 at the time of turning up, the fulcrum is raised to a position slightly higher than the height at which the fulcrum 14a should be finally positioned. As shown in FIG. 4 , there is a gap between the bottom surface of the tower 2 and the upper surface of the flange 8 of the foundation portion after the turning upright, and the tower 2 cannot be fixed to the flange 8 as it is. Therefore, the fulcrum 14a is lowered by the hydraulic jack 22 of the rotating gantry 20, and the bottom surface of the tower 2 and the upper surface of the flange 8 of the foundation portion are brought into contact with each other. When the tower is grounded, the tower 2 is fixed to the base flange 8 with bolts or the like (step 98). Through the above operations, the entire wind turbine generator is installed on the foundation. After installation, the rotary mount 20 is removed and reused for installation of another wind turbine generator.
[0024]
If the installation method of the windmill generator which concerns on 1st Embodiment is used, a windmill generator can be installed by low place work. Conventionally, each component of the wind turbine generator has been installed in order from below. Therefore, in order to connect each part, it is necessary to climb the ladder installed in the tower to a high place, which is a physical burden on the worker. In addition, there is always a danger of death and injury from falling when working at high altitudes, especially because wind turbine generators are installed in windy places. In particular, when a worker is placed on a gondola and a wire connected to the hub is removed, the danger is extremely high.
[0025]
However, in the first embodiment, the entire wind turbine generator is assembled horizontally, a weight is attached to the base portion side of the tower, the center of gravity is moved to the base portion side, and the tower is pivotally supported with the nacelle side as a fulcrum from the center of gravity. Then, the wind turbine generator is erected by lowering while supporting the end of the tower on the foundation side, and the wind turbine generator is installed by installing the tower on the foundation. Thereby, a windmill generator can be assembled in the low place comparable as the gravity center position of the windmill generator including a weight at least. Therefore, it is not necessary to climb the ladder to a high place, and the physical burden on the worker can be reduced. In addition, because of the low work, the possibility of death or injury even when dropped is reduced. On the other hand, it is possible to safely install the wind turbine generator without damaging it by lowering it while supporting the base side end of the tower and gradually turning it up.
[0026]
In addition, since the nacelle, hub and blades are assembled horizontally when the tower is horizontally assembled, the entire wind turbine generator can be assembled by low-level work. In particular, it is not necessary to put a worker on the gondola and remove the wire connected to the hub at a high place, and the risk of dropping is reduced.
[0027]
Since the wind turbine generator can be assembled at a low place as described above, the wind turbine generator can be assembled only by a small crane without using a large crane, and the operating cost of the crane can be reduced. Furthermore, the road construction cost for carrying in a large crane can be reduced. In addition, when moving a large crane to the next wind turbine generator installation location, it was necessary to disassemble and move the jib, boom, counterweight, etc., but the small crane does not have the above problem. , Construction period and labor cost can be reduced.
[0028]
In addition, since the wind turbine generator is assembled horizontally as described above, it is not necessary to lift each component by suspending them with two cranes, and it is possible to lift them with only one crane. Therefore, the operation cost of the crane can be reduced.
[0029]
Further, in the wind turbine generator installation method according to the first embodiment, by raising the fulcrum, it is possible to stand the tower by preventing interference with the ground surface due to the rotation of the tower, so the fulcrum is raised after assembly. Assuming that, a wind turbine generator can be assembled in a low place near the ground. Therefore, the above effects can be exhibited more remarkably. On the other hand, there is a gap between the bottom of the tower and the upper surface of the foundation after the turn-up in order to prevent interference with the upper surface of the foundation due to the turning of the tower. However, the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment is installed. In the method, since the tower is grounded and installed on the foundation by lowering the fulcrum after the tower is erected, the tower can be installed on the upper surface of the foundation without using a new device.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
A tower of a wind turbine generator is assembled horizontally, and the tower is rotatably supported in a vertical plane so that a rotational moment around a support point is generated in the direction of installation of the tower, and the tower is arranged in a direction to cancel the rotational moment. The support point is raised while adjusting the tension side of the base to prevent interference with the ground surface due to the rotation of the tower, the tower is raised, and the support point is lowered after the tower is raised Since the wind turbine generator is installed by grounding the tower to the foundation part and installing the tower on the foundation part, the fulcrum is raised to prevent interference with the ground surface due to the rotation of the tower. By allowing the tower to stand up, more efficiently assembling the tower in the lower place, and by lowering the fulcrum after the tower is upright Since installing grounds the word to the base portion, it is possible to install the tower without using an additional device to the base part top.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method for rotating and raising a wind turbine generator according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a wind turbine generator assembling method according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a wind turbine generator installation method according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the wind turbine generator in the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a wind turbine generator.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional method for installing a blade and a hub.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ……… Windmill generator, 2 ……… Tower, 3 ……… Nacell, 4 ……… Hub, 5 ……… Blade, 6 ……… Windmill, 7 ……… Base, 8 ……… Flange, 10 ......... Center of gravity, 12 ......... Weight, 14 ......... Rotating shaft, 14a, 14b ......... Supporting point, 20 ......... Rotating mount, 22 ...... Hydraulic jack , 24 ......... Time Dynamic bearings, 32 ... Work bench, 34 ... Work bench, 40 ... Connection point , 46 ... Crane hook, 108 ... Gondola, 109 ... Worker, 145 ... , 184, 188 ... Crane hook

Claims (1)

  A tower of a wind turbine generator is assembled horizontally, and the tower is rotatably supported in a vertical plane so that a rotational moment around a support point is generated in the direction of installation of the tower, and the tower is arranged in a direction to cancel the rotational moment. The support point is raised while adjusting the tension side of the base to prevent interference with the ground surface due to the rotation of the tower, the tower is raised, and the support point is lowered after the tower is raised The wind turbine generator is installed by grounding the tower to the foundation and installing the wind turbine generator by installing the tower on the foundation.

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